Operation Of Control Algorithm Research Articles

선박 동적 모델을 고려한 하이브리드 RDP 시스템의 운영 제어 알고리즘 개발

선박 동적 모델을 고려한 하이브리드 RDP 시스템의 운영 제어 알고리즘 개발

Hemodynamic performance of a compact centrifugal left ventricular assist device with fully magnetic levitation under pulsatile operation: An in vitro study.

Long-term using continuous flow ventricular assist devices could trigger complications associated with diminished pulsatility, such as valve insufficiency and gastrointestinal bleeding. One feasible solution is to produce pulsatile flow assist with speed regulation in continuous flow ventricular assist devices. A third-generation blood pump with pulsatile operation control algorithm was first characterized alone under pulsatile mode at various speeds, amplitudes, and waveforms. The pump was then incorporated in a Mock circulation system to evaluate in vitro hemodynamic effects when using continuous and different pulsatile operations. Pulsatility was evaluated by surplus hemodynamic energy. Results showed that pulsatile operations provided sufficient hemodynamic assistance and increased pulsatility of the circulatory system (53% increment), the mean aortic pressure (65% increment), and cardiac output (27% increment). The pulsatility of the system under pulsatile operation support was increased 147% compared with continuous operation support. The hemodynamic performance of pulsatile operations is susceptible to phase shifts, which could be a tacking angle for physiological control optimization. This study found third-generation blood pumps using different pulsatile operations for ventricular assistance promising.

Adaptive Output Feedback Control for the Trajectory Tracking of High-Speed Trains with Disturbance Uncertainties on the Basis of Neural Network Observers

The dynamic model of high-speed trains (HSTs) is nonlinear and uncertain; hence, with the decrease in the running interval of HSTs, an accurate and safe train operation control algorithm is required. In this study, an adaptive output feedback trajectory tracking control method for HSTs is proposed on the basis of neural network observers. The proposed method aims to solve problems, such as the immeasurable speed, model parameter disturbance, and unknown external disturbance of HSTs. In this method, a neural network adaptive observer is designed to estimate the velocity of an HST. Another neural network model is used to approximate the model uncertainties. Moreover, a robust controller is constructed by considering the train position and velocity tracking errors. In the proposed observer/controller, the bound function of estimator errors is introduced to increase the accuracy and safety of the tracking system. Furthermore, the adaptive update value of the neural networks, output weights, and bound function are performed online. All adaptive algorithms and the observer/controller are synthesized in nonlinear control systems. The error signals of the closed-loop trajectory tracking system are uniformly and eventually bounded through a formal proof on the basis of the Lyapunov methods. Simulation examples illustrate that the proposed controller is robust and has excellent tracking accuracy for system model parameter and external disturbance.

Design of Ship Visual Communication Teleoperation System Based on Virtual Reality

Ji, Y., 2020. Design of ship visual communication teleoperation system based on virtual reality. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 975–978. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In view of slow response, small number of users' access and inaccurate anomaly warning of traditional ship remote operation system, this paper designs a ship visual communication remote operation system based on virtual reality. Ceator software is used to build the three-dimensional model of the ship control system. Real-time operation control algorithm is adopted to drive the control program, introducing Vega to develop the ship visual communication remote operation system. Eclipse is used to build the system operation environment. The proposed ship visual communication remote operation system has faster response, larger number of users access, and more accurate anomaly warning is, which makes up for the shortcomings of the traditional system.

Four-quadrant force control with minimal ripple for linear switched reluctance machines

Linear switch reluctance machine (LSRM) has been tried to act as an alternative generator for direct drive linear wave energy converter (WEC). Many researchers have proposed new topologies of LSRM to improve the power density, efficiency and reliability. However, the control methods for LSRM applied in direct drive WEC have been paid little attention, especially control methods considering the wave energy generator operating characteristics. In this paper, according to the generator control requirements of the direct drive WEC, force control algorithm for LSRM operating in four quadrants without a speed closed loop is put forward. The force ripple of LSRM is suppressed using force sharing function method. The four-quadrant control is easy to realize requiring only phase currents information. Simulation results validate the proposed method and indicate that LSRM is able to be used as the generator for direct drive WEC.

Distribution Network Operation Control Algorithm for Distributed Data Quality Management System

Distribution Network Operation Control Algorithm for Distributed Data Quality Management System

Real-Time Control Algorithm for Enhancing Operation of Network of Stormwater Management Facilities

AbstractThe deployment of real-time control (RTC) technology has improved the performance of stormwater management facilities. However, most of the current research focuses on individual pilot site...

Energy Utilization-Aware Operation Control Algorithm in Energy Harvesting Base Stations

Radio frequency (RF) energy transfer has received high attention as a promising technology for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to its flexibility of energy supply. However, unplanned RF energy transmissions may lead to increased energy consumption in the main grid. To address this problem, we first develop the energy queuing models for base station (BS) and sensor node (SN). Based on them, we propose an energy utilization-aware operation control algorithm (EU-OCA) to minimize the energy outage probabilities of SNs while maintaining the energy consumption of the main grid below a certain level. In EU-OCA, a controller determines jointly the active/sleep modes and the transmission powers of renewable energy-based BSs with the consideration of the statistical information on the energy arrival of BSs and the energy consumption of SNs. Evaluation results demonstrate that EU-OCA can achieve longer lifetime compared to other BS operation control algorithms while maintaining the energy consumption of the main grid below a target level.

Особенности рабочего процесса поршневого двигателя при работе на керосине

For aircraft in light multi-purpose aviation, piston engines are considered more efficient than gas turbine. The main technical requirement for such engines is to ensure trouble-free operation with the best possible fuel efficiency. At the same time, there are no requirements to emission of harmful substances in exhaust fumes except for the absence of visible smoke. When developing multi-purpose aircraft piston engines, it is important to ensure their multi-fuel operation, including opera-tion on TS-1 kerosene and diesel fuel. But the issues associated with setting engine control algo-rithms for operation on TS-1 kerosene are practically unexplored. In order to refine the control algo-rithms, the flow of the working process using such fuel was studied in this work. The effect of se-quencing the working process stages on the formation of the ignition delay period was shown. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the ignition delay period, a map of the fuel injection advance angle values was generated. According to the experimental data, the activation energy of pre-flame reactions was adopted, which for kerosene TS-1 was 23–28 kJ/mol.

Research on Automatic Operation Control Algorithm of High Speed Train Based on Artificial Neural Network

With the development of social economy, the demand for transportation is also growing. High-speed railway has become an important part of the transportation system. It is not only an inevitable requirement for the development of the national economy, but also an important support for the implementation of the national strategy. Therefore, whether the high-speed train can operate smoothly and safely is related to the passenger’s life and health and property safety. This requires accurate control of the automatic operation of the high-speed train during the driving process. At present, China’s research on the automatic operation control of high-speed trains is still in its infancy. The problems of traction and brake system actuator failures that may occur during long-term running of trains can be solved by artificial neural network-based modeling methods. The automatic operation control algorithm of high-speed train running process is established. The self-correcting control strategy based on artificial neural network is used to realize the speed tracking of high-speed trains. The high-speed train visual simulation system is established by virtual reality technology and verified on the artificial neural network platform. The effectiveness of the proposed automatic operation control method.

Research on Multi-Objective Optimization and Control Algorithms for Automatic Train Operation

The automatic train operation (ATO) system of urban rail trains includes a two-layer control structure: upper-layer control and lower-layer control. The upper-layer control is to optimize the target speed curve of ATO, and the lower-layer control is the tracking by the urban rail train of the optimal target speed curve generated by the upper-layer control according to the tracking control strategy of ATO. For upper-layer control, the multi-objective model of urban rail train operation is firstly built with energy consumption, comfort, stopping accuracy, and punctuality as optimization indexes, and the entropy weight method is adopted to solve the weight coefficient of each index. Then, genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the model to obtain an optimal target speed curve. In addition, an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) based on directional mutation and gene modification is proposed to improve the convergence speed and optimization effect of the algorithm. The stopping and speed constraints are added into the fitness function in the form of penalty function. For the lower-layer control, the predictive speed controller is designed according to the predictive control principle to track the target speed curve accurately. Since the inflection point area of the target speed curve is difficult to track, the softness factor in the predictive model needs to be adjusted online to improve the control accuracy of the speed. For this paper, we mainly improve the optimization and control algorithms in the upper and lower level controls of ATO. The results show that the speed controller based on predictive control algorithm has better control effect than that based on the PID control algorithm, which can meet the requirements of various performance indexes. Thus, the feasibility of predictive control algorithm in an ATO system is also verified.

Experimental Test Results of Nine Scheduling Operational Modes of PV and Battery Hybrid System for the Development of Automatic Control Algorithm for Continual Operation without being shut-downed

Experimental Test Results of Nine Scheduling Operational Modes of PV and Battery Hybrid System for the Development of Automatic Control Algorithm for Continual Operation without being shut-downed

Operation modes and control algorithms of anisotropic permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM)

This paper represents control strategy of anisotropic permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) in the field-weakening region. Field weakening controller allows to increase maximum achievable speed with output torque reduction. Proposed control system consists of four general modes: MTPA (maximum torque per ampere), MC (maximum current), FW (field weakening), and MTPV (maximum torque per voltage) which must be chosen accordingly to motor speed, current and torque references. Operation point is found as an intersection of torque hyperbola and voltage ellipse curves in d-q motor’s current reference frame involving motor parameters’ limits. However, due to nonlinear dependence between torque and voltage equations, it is quite complicated to obtain both right control mode selection and reference output calculation. In order to solve this problem, a unified control algorithm adopted for wide speed and torque reference with online constraints calculation is proposed. Matlab/Simulink control model of PMSM motor and control system were designed in order to show developed strategy performance. Simulation results shows increasing of speed limit by more than 2.5 times related to nominal speed with high controller’s response. However, speed limit increasing leads to a decrease in motor’s output torque. Due to this fact, presented control strategy is not suitable for applications where nominal torque level is essential for all speed operation points.

Basic Operation Principles and Control Algorithm for a High-pressure Membrane-less Electrolyser

Basic Operation Principles and Control Algorithm for a High-pressure Membrane-less Electrolyser

Control System for Piezoelectric-Actuator-Based Tunable Evanescent-Mode Cavity Microwave Filters

A control system for automatic tuning of substrate-integrated, evanescent-mode cavity, microwave filters, with piezoelectric actuators, is developed. The system is based on an elegant sensing method using monitoring capacitors mounted on top of the actuators, where the digital value of them is directly measured. The system first requires us to characterize the resonators in the filter and then can automatically tune the filter without any extra instrument. Characterization is used to circumvent the hysteresis and creeping effects of the piezoelectric actuators. This procedure extracts a unique frequency–capacitance relationship, which is modeled using a quadratic polynomial and saved into the system for tuning. Polynomial coefficients, extracted from the characterization data, are utilized to implement a closed-loop feedback control algorithm for the standalone tuning operation. The capability of the control system in automatically tuning a variety of microwave filters using this methodology is experimentally demonstrated.

Modified Single-Phase Single-Stage Grid-Tied Flying Inductor Inverter With MPPT and Suppressed Leakage Current

In this paper, an improved transformerless single-phase single-stage grid-tied flying inductor inverter is presented. The negative terminal of the photovoltaic (PV) array is grounded in the improved topology, which increases reliability and suppresses the leakage current. The proposed topology has buck-boost capability without increasing the number of required components and has a high efficiency. An improved control algorithm for proper operation of the proposed topology which decreases switching losses has been investigated. Moreover, a perturbation and observation maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm has been adapted to the proposed inverter, which does not utilize proportional-integral (PI) controllers, for the purpose of the MPPT. Furthermore, a design procedure of the passive elements of the converter based on the corresponding operating has been demonstrated. Simulation in MATLAB Simulink plus an experimental prototype is developed to reconfirm the designed results. Finally, a comparison study has been investigated for better clarification of the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed inverter.

Optimal operation of fuel cell/wind turbine hybrid power system under turbulent wind and variable load

In this paper is proposed a new Extremum Seeking Control (ESC) algorithm for optimal operation of Wind Turbine (WT) under turbulent wind. In this proposal the dithers’ amplitude is WT system dependent, not constant or decreasing exponentially as in the classic ESC schemes. So, instead of one, the proposed ESC scheme has two loops: (1) the classic ESC loop controlled by the loop gain (k1) to accurately find the Maximum Power Point (MPP); (2) the anticipative ESC loop controlled by the dither gain (k2) to speed-up the localization of the current MPP under turbulent wind. The obtained results for a 100 Hz dither highlight the performance of the ESC-based MPP tracking algorithm proposed: about 99.9% tracking accuracy and a searching time less than 120 ms. This performance assures a tracking efficiency higher than 99% even for gusts of wind that may occur. The Fuel Cell is proposed as backup energy source for WT Hybrid Power System to sustain the load demand and reduce the size of the Energy Storage System (ESS), even for a high variability of the WT power. In comparison with Static Feed-Forward (sFF) strategy, a fuel economy of 5 lpm can be obtained using the ESC-based Real-Time Optimization (RTO) strategies proposed here, which means about 10% from the nominal fuel consumption.

ПАРАЛЛЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА ВОДОРОДНОГО ИСТОЧНИКА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ С ИНВЕРТОРОМ ТОКА И СИНХРОННОГО ГЕНЕРАТОРА В АВТОНОМНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМАХ ПЕРЕМЕННОГО ТОКА.

Objective: The data on the synthesis of a combined electric power source for a self-contained electric-power system with a diesel generator (turbo-generator) and hydrogen power source was presented in the article. Objective: To justify the structure and parameters of a power channel of a self-contained electric power plant based on power augmentation with parallel operation on the total load of two electric power sources – synchronous generator and hydrogen power source. Methods: Mathematical modeling of the main power processes was applied, including the processes of active and reactive power distribution control in a self-contained electric power system with parallel operation of synchronous generator and hydrogen power source. Results: The tasks of structural synthesis of a combined power plant with current-based electronic inverter application, as well as justifications of power-efficient operation criteria and control algorithms of a self-contained electric power system with minimized power interchange between synchronous generator and current inverter were set and solved. Practical importance: New results are recommended to use in the design of power systems with improved technical and economic as well

A Double-ended Converter System with Two Different DC-buses Using Open Winding Permanent Magnet Machine for Traction Applications

In hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), there are usually several different DC-buses of different voltage levels to handle different loads. DC–DC converters are used to transfer energy between different DC-buses. This paper proposed a double-ended converter for two different DC-buses with large voltage ratio. The high-voltage DC-bus is 600 V for the traction motor drive, while the low-voltage DC-bus is 48 V for the electronic devices on the vehicle. By using the proposed system configuration, energy could be transferred freely between the generator and the two loads, forming a very flexible powertrain. In addition, the weight, volume, and cost of power electronics components could be reduced. This paper introduced the operation principal and control algorithm of the proposed system. Simulations verified the functionality of the proposed system. The proposed system configuration is not only suitable for automotive applications, but can also be implemented in other applications, such as aerospace, marine, and industrial, where multiple DC-bus voltage levels are required.

A CPS Based Optimal Operational Control System for Fused Magnesium Furnace

Fused magnesia smelting for fused magnesium furnace (FMF) is an energy intensive process with high temperature and comprehensive complexities. Its operational index namely energy consumption per ton (ECPT) is defined as the consumed electrical energy per ton of acceptable quality and is difficult to measure online. Moreover, the dynamics of ECPT cannot be precisely modelled mathematically. The model parameters of the three-phase currents of the electrodes such as the molten pool level, its variation rate and resistance are uncertain and nonlinear functions of the changes in both the smelting process and the raw materials composition. In this paper, an integrated optimal operational control algorithm is proposed and is composed of a current set-point control, a current switching control and a self-optimized tuning mechanism. The tight conjoining of and coordination between the computational resources including the integrated optimal operational control, embedded software, industrial cloud, wireless communication and the physical resources of FMF constitutes a cyber-physical system (CPS) based embedded optimal operational control system. Successful application of this system has been made for a production line with ten fused magnesium furnaces in a factory in China, leading to a significant reduced ECPT.