Operating Characteristics Analysis Research Articles

Energy Consumption Optimization for the Cold Source System of a Hospital in Shanghai-Part I: Analysis of Operating Characteristics and the Control Strategies of the Chillers

Background: Hospitals account for the most proportion of energy consumption in the public building sector. Chillers usually account for most of the overall energy consumption of the cold source system. Objective: To solve the problem of chillers' large energy consumption problem, novel technologies were developed, and achievements were patented. Methods: The operating characteristics influencing factors of the magnetic suspension centrifugal chiller (MSCC) and variable frequency screw chiller (VFSC) of a hospital in Shanghai were analyzed and discussed by actual measurements. Then, based on the operating characteristics of the chiller obtained from the analysis of the measured data, the cooling capacity was classified by the K-Means clustering method to obtain the startup strategy of the chillers. Results: The effects of the supply chilled water temperature, the supply cooling water temperature and variable cooling water flow rate on the maximum cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) of both chillers were explored. The load distribution scheme was discussed based on the chillers' startup strategy. Conclusion: The average part load ratio operation scheme was the preferred chiller distribution scheme. A chiller's maximum allowable part load ratio should not exceed 80% during the low-load operation period and should not be less than 60% during the conventional operation period. It provided a reference for optimizing the chiller operation strategy to reduce system energy consumption.

Operation characteristics analysis and optimal dispatch of solar thermal-photovoltaic hybrid microgrid for building

The optimal dispatch for hybrid microgrids is the crucial approach to decrease maintenance costs and enhance operational reliability. This paper aims to provide a feasible solution for the optimal dispatch of a solar thermal-photovoltaic hybrid microgrid. A distributed energy system of a building is established and the power load is analyzed. Operation parameters are optimized for hybrid microgrid in isolated operation mode and grid-connected operation mode. The operation performance with adequate and inadequate solar irradiation is evaluated by using fixed dispatch and optimal dispatch strategy. In addition, the performance of hybrid microgrid under power selling and purchasing conditions are analyzed. Results show that the operation mode of building hybrid microgrid can be adjusted to isolated/grid-connection modes based on actual power requirements. The optimal dispatch strategy shows great advantages on both solar adequate and inadequate conditions under isolated operation mode for hybrid microgrid, at most 14.3 % lower for maintenance than that of fixed strategy. In addition, the power selling to the external power grid can significantly improve the profit of the hybrid microgrid and generate earnings of $6102.1 per year under optimal dispatch. The research can offer an analysis approach for hybrid microgrid, and further increase clean energy utilization efficiency.

Heating and storage of medium-deep borehole heat exchangers: Analysis of operational characteristics via an optimized analytical solution model

This study focuses on investigating the thermal storage potential of medium-deep borehole heat exchanger (MDBHE) to address the issues of temperature attenuation of thermal reservoir and heating capacity reduction during the one-way heat extraction process in the heating period. By establishing an MDBHE heating system that integrates an external thermal storage source, a comprehensive analysis of the heat transfer progress and operational characteristics of the MDBHE is conducted, including optimizing burial depth, thermal storage scenarios, and aquifer conditions. The calculated solution under the typical thermal storage conditions (S60–30) in this study reveals that the average heat supply capacity increasement of a 1200 m MDBHE is 37.2 % higher than that of a 2000 m MDBHE, and the power consumption of the circulating water pump also can be reduced by 40 % in heating period. Furthermore, the enhancement of storage temperature and flow rate both contribute to a noticeable improvement in the heating performance of the MDBHE during the heating period. The heat transfer power and energy efficiency of MDBHE both increase with the elevation of seepage velocity and aquifer thickness during the energy storage and heating period. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to the enhancement of thermal storage and heat transfer efficiency in MDBHE and offering novel insights for the multi-thermal energy storage systems.

Operating characteristics analysis and optimization of loop heat pipe radiation cooling system in space reactor

Loop heat pipe radiation cooling system has good application prospects in space reactor heat dissipation due to its high heat transfer capacity, long-distance heat transfer without pump dependency, and effective isolation of mechanical vibrations. The code for analyzing the steady-state operational characteristics of loop heat pipe radiation cooling system was developed in this paper by the heat balance calculation method based on energy coupling iteration and validated through experimental results. Subsequently, the operational characteristic of the loop heat pipe radiation cooling system under design conditions and the effects of various parameters on it were discussed. It is observed that the plate-type radiation radiator with counterclockwise flow direction exhibited superior heat dissipation performance and thermal homogeneity. Additionally, the method combining surrogate models and genetic algorithm was proposed in this paper, which was used to the light-mass optimization considering the operation constraints for loop heat pipe radiation cooling system.

Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in discriminating H3 K27M-mutant gliomas from wildtype gliomas in spinal cord.

The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics in discriminating H3 K27M-mutant gliomas from wildtype gliomas in the spinal cord. Fifty-eight patients with spinal cord gliomas were enrolled in this study. The H3 K27 gene status was identified by Sanger sequencing or immunohistochemistry test of resection tumor specimens. The MR imaging characteristics were evaluated and compared between H3 K27M-mutant and wildtype gliomas using the χ2 test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Of 58 recruited patients, 23 (39.7%) were diagnosed with H3 K27M-mutant glioma. The H3 K27M-mutant gliomas were found to more likely occur in men compared with wildtype gliomas (87.0% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.001). On T2-weighted MR images, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of H3 K27M-mutant gliomas was significantly lower than that of wildtype gliomas (103.9 ± 72.0 vs. 168.9 ± 86.8, p < 0.001). Of 35 wildtype tumors, 60% showed well-defined margin but this feature was not found in all mutant tumors (p < 0.001). The SNR of tumors on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images of the H3 K27M-mutant gliomas was significantly lower than that of wildtype gliomas (187.7 ± 160.4 vs. 295.1 ± 207.8, p = 0.006). Receiver operating-characteristic analysis revealed that area under curve (AUC) of combination of 1/SNR on T2-weighted images, 1/SNR on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images, ill-defined margin, and sex reached 0.937 (95% CI, 0.873-1.000) in discriminating H3 K27M-mutant gliomas. The MR imaging characteristics are valuable in discriminating H3 K27M-mutant from wildtype gliomas in the spinal cord and the combination of these imaging features with sex had a high strength in this discrimination.

Operating characteristics analysis and capacity configuration optimization of wind-solar-hydrogen hybrid multi-energy complementary system

Wind and solar energy are the important renewable energy sources, while their inherent natures of random and intermittent also exert negative effect on the electrical grid connection. As one of multiple energy complementary route by adopting the electrolysis technology, the wind-solar-hydrogen hybrid system contributes to improving green power utilization and reducing its fluctuation. Therefore, the moving average method and the hybrid energy storage module are proposed, which can smooth the wind-solar power generation and enhance the system energy management. Moreover, the optimization of system capacity configuration and the sensitive analysis are implemented by the MATLAB program platform. The results indicate that the 10-min grid-connected volatility is reduced by 38.7% based on the smoothing strategy, and the internal investment return rate can reach 13.67% when the electricity price is 0.04 $/kWh. In addition, the annual coordinated power and cycle proportion of the hybrid energy storage module are 80.5% and 90%, respectively. The developed hybrid energy storage module can well meet the annual coordination requirements, and has lower levelized cost of electricity. This method provides reasonable reference for designing and optimizing the wind-solar-hydrogen complementary system.

Single-item depression screening with the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI): Do scores assist clinicians with predicting need for mental health interventions?

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between a single item for depression from the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and a common depression screening measure to predict need for further mental health consultation for veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Three hundred eighty veterans referred to a Veterans Affairs Health Care System TBI clinic for evaluation were administered the NSI and a common depression screening measure (Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition; BDI-II). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to determine best cutoff scores on the BDI-II corresponding with a single item of the NSI item pertaining to depression (i.e., "depressed or sad"). Using multiclass ROC curve analyses, results suggested that a minimum score of 3 (severe) on the specific NSI item indicated need for further mental health referral without warranting additional screening for depression. Analyses further demonstrated that removal of invalid NSI protocols did not significantly change ROC curve findings. Therefore, the NSI item for depression can still be used for making clinical decisions despite the protocol being considered otherwise invalid. Implications for treatment and recommendations for screening are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Analysis of Operational Characteristics and Equivalent Test Method for IGBTs in MMC

Analysis of Operational Characteristics and Equivalent Test Method for IGBTs in MMC

A Dual-Harmonic Pole-Changing Motor with Split Permanent Magnet Pole

This paper proposes a dual-harmonic pole-changing (PC) motor with split permanent magnet (PM) poles (DHPCM-SPMPs). By adopting a split PM pole structure, the amplitude of the third PM flux density is increased greatly. Therefore, when a PC winding is adopted to couple with the fundamental and third PM flux density components, respectively, the proposed motor can work as a PC PM motor to satisfy operating demands of electric tractors. The design and effect of the proposed split PM pole structure is introduced first. The winding topology is then designed according to the slot vector diagrams of the two PM flux density components, and the PC operation can be realized by electric switches. Aiming at a torque ratio design objective, the PM structure parameters can be determined based on mathematical derivation, and the speed-widening capability is proved based on the operation characteristic analysis. Finally, the electromagnetic performance of the DHPCM-SPMPs is investigated and compared by finite element analysis, which shows the high torque capability in eight-pole mode and the wide speed range in twenty-four-pole mode benefiting from the PC operation.

Esophageal chemical clearance and mucosa integrity values in refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with different esophageal dynamics

Objectives Esophageal post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave index (PSPWI) and mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI), novel impedance-based markers of reflux burden, are associated with esophageal dynamics. We aim to investigate the characteristics of PSPWI and MNBI in Chinese refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (RGERD) patients with different esophageal dynamic changes. Materials and methods 201 RGERD and 76 functional heartburn patients, undergone off-PPI endoscopy, esophageal manometry and impedance-pH monitoring, were included. Comparisons of conventional and novel impedance-pH metrics were made among different esophageal dynamics groups. Receiver operating-characteristic analyses were utilized to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of PSPWI and MNBI in differentiating abnormal esophageal dynamics. Correlations were used to investigate their associated factors. Results PSPWI and MNBI of RGERD with esophagogastric junction (EGJ) injury and esophageal dysmotility were lower than EGJ injury alone or normal dynamics (p < 0.05 for both comparisons). PSPWI with esophageal peristalsis abnormality was lower than EGJ injury (p = 0.049), while MNBI showed no statistical difference. PSPWI, MNBI and their combination have auxiliary diagnostic values for esophageal peristalsis [area under the curves (AUCs): 0.683, 0.656, 0.708)] while only their combination for EGJ injury (AUC: 0.610). And they positively correlated with esophageal motility while negatively correlated with ineffective swallows and acid reflux events. Conclusions PSPWI and MNBI, indicating impairment of esophageal chemical clearance and mucosa integrity, were lower in RGERD patients with multiple esophageal dynamic injuries than single injuries or normal dynamics. Moreover, they provided useful contributing information for potential dynamic injuries if manometry has already been found normal or marginal.

Effect of Structural Parameters and Operational Characteristic Analysis on Ejector Used in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

A hydrogen ejector for PEMFC system is designed based on thermodynamic theory with considering the influence of water vapor. A CFD model is built in order to optimize the geometric parameters, comprehensively considering performance of different operating conditions. Moreover, effect of structural parameters and operating conditions on PEMFC ejector performance was studied using single-factor and multi-factor analysis methods. The single-factors analysis results show that the nozzle throat diameter, nozzle divergent angle (A), nozzle throat length (B), nozzle exit position (C), mixing tube diameter (D), mixing tube length (E) and are crucial structural parameters that affect the performance of the ejector significantly. Multi-factors analysis is carried to gain the sensitivity of the crucial parameters and further optimize performance of the ejector on PEMFC. For low current (110 A), middle current (275 A), and high current (412.5 A), the order of influence of performance were (D &gt; A &gt; B &gt; C &gt; E), (D &gt; A &gt; B&gt; E &gt; C), and (D &gt; C &gt; E &gt; B &gt; A), respectively. The optimized ejector by multi-factor analysis method has a better performance than one optimized by single-factor. This study may provide a new way of thinking for optimization of structural parameters of any PEMFC ejector with various operating condition.

Identification of genes and key pathways underlying the pathophysiological association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atrial fibrillation

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmias. The latest studies have revealed a tight correlation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and AF. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the association between NAFLD and AF remain unclear. The current research aimed to expound the genes and signaling pathways that are related to the mechanisms underlying the association between these two diseases.Materials and methodsNAFLD- and AF- related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via bioinformatic analysis of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE63067 and GSE79768, respectively. Further enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), the construction of a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, the identification of significant hub genes, and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis were conducted. The gene-disease interactions were analyzed using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. In addition, the hub genes were validated by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) in NAFLD cell model.ResultsA total of 45 co-expressed differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs) were identified between the NAFLD/AF and healthy control individuals. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that the co-DEGs were mostly enriched in neutrophil activation involved in the immune response and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. Moreover, eight hub genes were selected owing to their high degree of connectivity and upregulation in both the NAFLD and AF datasets. These genes included CCR2, PTPRC, CXCR2, MNDA, S100A9, NCF2, S100A12, and S100A8.ConclusionsIn summary, we conducted the gene differential expression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and PPI analysis of DEGs in AF and NAFLD, which provides novel insights into the identification of potential biomarkers and valuable therapeutic leads for AF and NAFLD.

HIGH FLUORESCENCE LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AS AN EARLY PREDICTOR OF SEVERE THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN DENGUE INFECTION

Objective: Dengue infection (DI) is the most common arthropod-borne viral disease with symptoms ranging from mild flu like illness to fatal hemorrhagic fever. Thrombocytopenia is one of the common manifestations of dengue which can lead to life threatening bleeding. Currently, there is no validated test available that can predict the severity of thrombocytopenia in a dengue patient. Dengue has been well associated with presence of high fluorescence lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. High fluorescence lymphocyte count (HFLC) is a parameter generated at no extra cost when an automated complete blood count (CBC) is performed on Sysmex XN-1000 automated hematology analyzer. We aim to assess the significance and correlation of the HFLC with thrombocytopenia during the course of dengue infection especially during day 1 to 5 of the infection. Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional study and was conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology from August 2021 to October 2021. Total 312 patients, both males and females, who had NS1 positive confirmed dengue infection were included in the study. Their platelet count and HFLC were noted at the time of diagnosis using Sysmex XN-1000. Follow up CBC were analyzed for next 5 days to observe the severity of thrombocytopenia. Results: There is significant negative correlation between absolute HFLC and platelet count on day one to five of the infection. On receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, we found that HFLC &lt; 0.5 x103/µL had 60% sensitivity and 71.8% specificity for severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 50 x 103/µL on day 5 of the infection. Conclusion: HFLC is a negative predictive factor for severe thrombocytopenia and therefore can be used as an early predictor of disease progression. Key Words: Dengue infection, NS1 antigen, High fluorescence lymphocyte count, Thrombocytopenia, Automated hematology analyzer.

Pneumocephalus and headache following craniotomy during the immediate postoperative period

BackgroundPneumocephalus may be responsible for post-craniotomy headache but is easily overlooked in the clinical situation. In the present study, the relationship between the amount of intracranial air and post-craniotomy headache was investigated.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed on 79 patients who underwent minimal invasive craniotomy for unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Those who had undergone previous neurosurgery, neurological deficit before and after surgery were excluded The amount of air in the cranial cavity was measured using brain computed tomography (CT) taken within 6 h after surgery. To measure the degree of pain due to intracranial air, daily and total analgesic administration amount were used as a pain index. Correlation between intracranial air volume and total consumption of analgesic during hospitalization was tested using Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to determine the amount of air associated with increased analgesic consumption over 72 h postoperatively.ResultsThe mean amount of intracranial air was 15.6 ± 9.1 mL. Total administration of parenteral and oral analgesics frequency were 6.5 ± 4.5, 13.2 ± 7.9 respectively. A statically significant correlation was observed between daily and total parenteral analgesic consumption after surgery and the amount of intracranial air at followed-up brain CT postoperatively within 24 h (r = 0.69, p < 0.001), within 48 h (r = 0.68, p < 0.001), and total duration after surgery (r = 0.84, p < 0.001). The optimal cut-off value of 12.14 mL of intracranial air predicts the use of parenteral analgesics over 72 h after surgery.ConclusionsPneumocephalus may be a causative factor for post-craniotomy pain and headache with surgical injuries.

Potential biomarkers of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula: C4BPA and C1QA

Background and purposeA major challenge in spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is timely diagnosis, but no specific predictive biomarkers are known.MethodsIn the discovery cohort (case, n = 8 vs. control, n = 8), we used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and paired plasma samples to identify differentially expressed proteins by label-free quantitative proteomics. Further bioinformatics enrichment analyses were performed to screen target proteins. Finally, it was validated by ELISA in two of the new cohorts (case, n = 17 vs. control, n = 9), and univariate analysis, simple linear regression, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential.ResultsIn the discovery cohort, the most overexpressed proteins were APOB and C4BPA in CSF samples of patients. The GO/KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the upregulated proteins were mainly involved in the acute inflammatory response and complement activation. Hub-gene analysis revealed that APP might be the key protein in the molecular interaction network. In the validation cohort, C4BPA and C1QA were significantly overexpressed in the CSF of patients, averaging 3046.9 ng/ml and 2167.2 ng/ml, respectively. Simple linear regression demonstrated that levels of C1QA and C4 were positively correlated with total protein in CSF (R2 = 0.8021, p = 0.0005; R2 = 0.7447, p = 0.0013). The areas under the ROC curves of C4BPA and C1QA were 0.86 and 1.00, respectively.ConclusionsThis study was the first to identify C4BPA and C1QA as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of SDAVF and revealed that complement pathway activation might be one of the molecular mechanisms for venous hypertension myelopathy.

IL-10 Induced by mTNF Crosslinking-Mediated Reverse Signaling in a Whole Blood Assay Is Predictive of Response to TNFi Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

(1) Background: To date, the response of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to the various biologic DMARD available cannot be predicted due to a lack of reliable biomarkers. Based on our preliminary work on tmTNF reverse signaling, we developed a whole-blood assay measuring tmTNF crosslinking-induced IL-10 production to predict the response to TNF inhibitor (TNFi) therapy. (2) Methods: This prospective study included patients with active RA. Depending on the clinical judgment of the attending rheumatologist, either therapy with a TNF or JAK inhibitor was initiated. Clinical parameters and blood samples were obtained at baseline and after 8 weeks of therapy. The blood samples were collected using a newly developed whole-blood assay based on the principle of tmTNF reverse signalling. Subsequently, IL-10 was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. (3) Results: 63 patients with RA were enrolled. In fifteen patients, TNFi therapy was initiated, while eight patients started a JAKi treatment. The cross-sectional analysis of all patients showed a positive correlation between tmTNF crosslinking-induced IL-10 and parameters of disease activity (CRP [r = 0.4091, p = 0.0009], DAS28 [r = 0.3303, p = 0.0082]) at baseline. In the TNFi treatment study, IL-10 was found to be significantly higher in EULAR responders than in non-responders (p = 0.0033). After initiation of JAKi treatment, in contrast, IL-10 induction was not linked to response. Longitudinal analysis of the TNFi-treated patients revealed IL-10 to decrease in responders (p = 0.04), but not in non-responders after 8 weeks of therapy. Of importance, the IL-10 production at baseline correlated inversely with TNFi response determined by ΔDAS28 in patients with TNFi treatment (r = −0.5299, p = 0.0422) while no such link was observed under JAKi therapy (p = 0.22). Receiver operation characteristics (ROC) analysis demonstrated a high performance of tmTNF/crosslinking-induced IL-10 in predicting a TNFi therapy response according to the EULAR criteria (AUC = 0.9286, 95% Confidence interval 0.7825–1.000, p = 0.0055). (4) Conclusions: In this pilot investigation, we demonstrated the feasibility of a whole-blood assay measuring tmTNF-induced IL-10 to predict clinical response to TNF inhibitor treatment. This approach might support rheumatologists in their decision for an individually tailored RA therapy.

Application of ROC Curve Analysis for Predicting Students’ Passing Grade in a Course Based on Prerequisite Grades

Determining prerequisite requirements is vital for successful curriculum development and student on-schedule completion of the course of study. This study adapts the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to determine a threshold grade in a prerequisite course necessary for passing the next course in a sequence. This method was tested on a dataset of Calculus 1 and Calculus 2 grades of 164 undergraduate students majoring in mathematics at a private university in Kazakhstan. The results showed that while the currently used practice of setting prerequisite grade requirements is accurately identifying successful completions of Calculus 2, the ROC method is more accurate in identifying possible failures in Calculus 2. The findings also indicate that prior completion of Calculus 1 is positively associated with success in a Calculus 2 course. Thus, this study contributes to the field of mathematics education by providing a new data-driven methodology for determining the optimal threshold grade for mathematics prerequisite courses.

Can the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination detect cognitive decline in elderly patients with essential tremor?

Objective Given the association between essential tremor (ET) and higher rates of cognitive decline, assessing this decline is an important element of research and clinical care. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) are two broad, brief measures that are widely used to monitor cognitive impairment in various neurological disorders. We sought to determine the relative ability of the MoCA and the MMSE to detect cognitive decline in elderly patients with ET. Methods We administered a neuropsychological battery to an ET cohort every 18 months over 4.5 years. We defined the gold standard for change in cognition as the change in neuropsychological test scores over consecutive evaluations and applied the Reliable Change Method to detect meaningful increases/decreases in test scores. We performed receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis to quantify the area under the curve (AUC) and compare the ability of the MoCA and the MMSE to detect cognitive decline. Results The AUCs for the MoCA and the MMSE did not differ significantly at any interval or when all intervals were pooled for analysis. Across all intervals, the ability of the MoCA and the MMSE to detect cognitive decline was consistently fair or poor. Conclusions We found that the ability of the MoCA and the MMSE to detect cognitive decline in ET patients over 18-month intervals is inadequate. Unchanged scores on the MoCA and the MMSE in ET over time should be approached with caution. We propose that these screening tools should be supplemented with additional neuropsychological tests.

Validation of the 33-Item Hypomania Checklist-External Assessment in Screening Adolescents for Bipolar Disorder.

BackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) is often misdiagnosed, leading to poor treatment outcomes. Thus, accurate assessment of BD is of great importance, including in BD adolescents. The aim of the study was to explore the psychometric properties of the 33-item Hypomania Checklist-External Assessment (HCL-33-EA) in depressed adolescents.MethodsThe study was conducted between March and November 2020 in Beijing, China. Depressed adolescents aged between 13 and 17 years (N = 260) with BD (N = 147) or major depressive disorder (MDD) (N = 113) diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) were recruited. Patients’ hypomanic symptoms were assessed by their carers using the HCL-33-EA.ResultsThe HCL-33-EA showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82) with two factorial dimensions. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed an area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of 0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54–0.67). The optimal cut-off score of 7 generated the best combination of sensitivity (0.81) and specificity (0.37) for discriminating between adolescents with BD and MDD.ConclusionThe HCL-33-EA, with a two-factor structure, seems to be a useful tool for screening for BD in depressed adolescents. However, the high sensitivity and low specificity of the HCL-33-EA at the optimal cut-off value of 7 indicate that the HCL-33-EA needs to be further refined for young patients.

Abstract 1497: miRNA expression analysis in high-risk HPV-positive cervical scrapes for the detection of cervical disease

Abstract Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women, with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths worldwide in 2020. Persistent infections with high-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes can lead to high-grade lesions (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or higher, CIN2+), that if left untreated progress to cancer. hrHPV test has high sensitivity to detect CIN2+, but it has low specificity because close to 90% of women spontaneously clear the infection. Biomarkers to stratify hrHPV+ women with cervical lesions that may progress to cancer are needed. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression, can be detected in cervical scrapes, and are differentially expressed between high- and low-grade lesions. Aim To identify miRNAs differentially expressed between CIN3+ and ≤CIN1 lesions and evaluate their potential use as biomarkers to distinguish CIN3+ in hrHPV+ women. Methods We used miRNAseq to compare miRNAs expression patterns in cervical scrapes of hrHPV+ women: 35 with low-grade lesions (NEG= 26; CIN1= 9) and 36 with high-grade lesions (CIN3= 32; SCC= 4). The samples were collected through the ASCUS-COL Trial in Medellin, Colombia. Women with low- or high-grade cervical lesions exhibit similar sociodemographic characteristics (Chi-square p-values&amp;gt;0.05). The RNAseq data were processed in GeneGlobe-QIAGEN, which incorporates cut-adapt, bowtie and DeSEq2. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses with a 95% confidence interval of Area Under the Curve (AUC) were made to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of each miRNA differentially expressed, to detect CIN3+. Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis using normalized counts of mapped reads identified a combination of the differentially expressed miRNAs that best predicted CIN3+. We identified putative pathways using MetaCore. Results An average of &amp;gt;9 million reads by sample and around 3.5 million reads mapped to miRBase V21 was obtained. The principal component analysis did not show factors that could introduce bias to differential gene expression analysis. We identified 38 miRNAs differentially expressed. Compared to &amp;lt;CIN1 lesions, 9 miRNAs were overexpressed and 29 underexpressed in CIN3+ lesions. Six miRNAs presented AUC&amp;gt;0.60 (p-value &amp;lt;0.05) to detect CIN3+. The best predictive combination of 9 miRNAs exhibits an AUC of 0.89, 95% CI (0.83 - 0.97), of which 4 were overexpressed and 5 underexpressed in CIN3+ vs &amp;lt;CIN1. Interestingly, 5 miRNAs underexpressed in CIN3+, target VEGF, a known angiogenic mediator linked to malignancy. Conclusion We identified miRNAs differentially expressed with good diagnostic performance to distinguish high- from low-grade lesions in cervical scrapes samples. Further validation on a larger cohort of cervical scrapes samples is needed to confirm the potential role of these miRNAs to triage hrHPV+ women. Citation Format: Martha Isabel González Ramírez, Samuel Agudelo, Maria Cecilia Agudelo, Jone Garai, Li Li, Carlos Alberto Orozco Castaño, Jovanny Zabaleta, Gloria Inés Sánchez Vásquez. miRNA expression analysis in high-risk HPV-positive cervical scrapes for the detection of cervical disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1497.