Open Port Research Articles

개항장 부산 일본 거류지의 소비공간과 소비문화

개항장 부산 일본 거류지의 소비공간과 소비문화

역사의 기억과 장소성을 통한 도시브랜딩 연구 - 개항장 인천감리서와 김구를 중심으로 -

역사의 기억과 장소성을 통한 도시브랜딩 연구 - 개항장 인천감리서와 김구를 중심으로 -

Study and analysis of key generation techniques in internet of things

Wireless communication-based services compromised with security threats due to the open channel communication model. Free communication channel models have limited bandwidth and open port communication. Due to the limited bandwidth implementation of security channel is a very complex process in the internet of things (IoT). The trend of technology is interdisciplinary of the IoT puts the demands of secured communication. The key generation mechanism provides the end to end security communication process for the internet of things (IoT). In the process of approval and authentication used lightweight key generation methods for protection. The key generation mechanism used symmetric, asymmetric and hybrid cryptography. The process of a key generation faced a problem of high energy and time complexity. In this paper presents the study and analysis of key generation algorithms used in the internet of things (IoT). For the generation of key, four algorithms are used such as AES, 3DES, RSA and ECC. These algorithms used different key size and different file size and measured the computational cost. The measured computational cost gives the direction of key generation for wireless based device communication.

Application of open port sampling interface mass spectrometry (OPSI-MS) to deuterium exchange as an aid for structural elucidation.

Deuterium exchange has been demonstrated to provide additional information to accurate mass measurement and collision-induced dissociation on unknown chemical structures. An enhanced method for rapid deuterium exchange could make this technique more routine for structural elucidation. Open port sampling interface mass spectrometry (OPSI-MS) with an aprotic solvent offers a rapid method for performing deuterium incorporation. Samples of standard drug molecules have been analysed by OPSI-MS directly from solids using a make-up flow of acetonitrile + 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. The resultant spectra were compared with those obtained by OPSI-MS analysis of the samples dissolved in deuterium oxide (D2 O). Solutions of these molecules in acetonitrile/D2 O were analysed using an Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe (ASAP) at different temperatures to compare the suitability of this technique. The number of exchangeable hydrogens was obtained through deuterium exchange using the OPSI source, although there was some incomplete exchange or back-exchange observed. Molecules with one to five exchangeable hydrogens were successfully analysed. ASAP analysis produced more complicated spectra with higher levels of incomplete or back-exchanged ions; this was more pronounced at higher temperatures. The use of OPSI provides a method for the rapid determination of the number of exchangeable hydrogens within a molecule. This yields useful information as an aid to the structural elucidation of unknowns. ASAP produces incomplete exchange and cannot be used for incorporation studies.

Analisa Keamanan Jaringan Menggunakan Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention System

Security is an important aspect to be considered in computer networks. This security system can be a detection and prevention of attacks that are being done by the attacker (intruders). The problem of attacks that occur in computer networks is that intruders can do port scanning, enter the system using open ports such as telnet, ftp and others.. The purpose of this study is the implementation of IDPS, can be from. To do network security from various attack threats, a system that can detect and prevent it directly is needed. The method that can be used is Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (NIDPS). NIDPS can exchange and block the attacks. This security system is collaborated with IP Tables. IP Tables is used to filter incoming data packets and drop packets of data that are indicated by attack. With the Intrusion Detection and Prevention system, it can detect attacks and prevent them by blocking data packets sent by intruders through port scanning, FTP attacks, and telnets.

China's Foreign Trade and Investment, 1800-1950

The First Opium War (1840-42) was a watershed in the history of China. In its aftermath Britain and other countries forced open new ports to foreign trade through international treaties. Chinese institutions of trade were abolished and re-organized under Western management, Western legal institutions were introduced in China in form of courts and legal practices, and foreigners in China were tried according to the laws of their country of origin (extraterritoriality). To better understand the implications of these changes during the Treaty Port Era (1842-1943), we begin by discussing the attitudes towards foreign trade before 1840 for both China and the West. Drawing on information from the foreign-led Chinese Maritime Customs organization, we provide a synopsis of China’s foreign trade and investment both in terms of patterns and volumes. The paper highlights the link between foreign and domestic trade as well as the important role of new, previously not traded goods for welfare. Employing several outcome measures, we show that Western influence generated significant benefits to China’s economy, and the results suggest that the geographic scope of these benefits reached into areas far beyond the treaty ports. Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber.org.

Determination of backscattered neutrons/gammas from open beam port of a research reactor

Neutron and gamma dose rate calculations were carried out around horizontal beam tube no. 5 at the Jožef Stefan Institute (JSI) TRIGA Mark II research reactor. Results were compared to the experimental measurements in order to verify the computation model. In addition, another set of calculations and measurements was carried out, where an additional shield made out of concrete and paraffin was installed. With that configuration, we were able to study neutron and gamma scattering.

A Study of Religious Events during the End of Qing Dynasty in Eastern Zhejiang

Religious event is an important chapter and the longest mass movement and historical event in China’s modern history. As one of the earliest open ports, Eastern Zhejiang was a region where western missionaries were in a high frequency and so as the religious events. Dinghai, which had been fallen for twice and occupied for six times, was especially such a place where religious events appeared. People of Zhenhai, Taizhou and Ninghai also launched lots of religious events, constantly giving more than their share of punishment. This paper will sort out and analyse the most important religious events during the end of Qing Dynasty in Eastern Zhejiang. We hope to make a clear understanding of the religious events happened in Eastern Zhejiang.

Hálózattérképezés portszkennelési technikák segítségével

Jelen cikk a penetrációs tesztek szakaszán belül a felderítés és analízis szintjeinek bemutatásával foglalkozik. A szerzők a hálózatszkennelés és azon belül a portszkennelés technikai kivitelezése egyes lehetőségeinek elemzését mutatják be jelen művükben. A portszkennelési technikák segítenek a támadónak a megcélzott szerver vagy hoszt nyitott portjainak azonosításában. Bemutatják a felderítés során alkalmazható különböző technikai megoldásokat és az általuk kapott lehetséges támadási vektorokat. A szerzők ezen sérülékenységek kihasználhatóságára, valamint veszélyeire szeretnék felhívni a figyelmet, ennek megfelelően készítették el elemző-értékelő művüket.

Formation of Civil Law in China in 1912–1929

In the article, the authors based on unpublished earlier in Russian language materials,study the process of civil law formation as an independent branch of law in China, payingspecial attention to the beginning of the 20th century, when the Chinese legal systementered the modernization period. That period is characterized by the existence of aphenomenon of the absence of regulatory and legal material that regulates property andpersonal non-property social relations that form the basis of civil law, with the activities of the Supreme Court of the Republic of China. The court’s presidents, having receiveda brilliant legal education, by relying on general principles of law, applying establishedlegal customs, interpreting the old Qing legislation and doctrinal interpretation of draftlaws, managed to create a unique law enforcement practice. In the framework of the legalsystem that takes most of the legal positions and constructions from the Roman-Germanlegal family, the judicial precedent, without being formally declared as a source of law,actually took the predominant position in the hierarchy of sources for a decade and a halfbefore it was adopted in 1929-1931, the first and only civil code of China. This situationbecame possible due to the fact that the leadership of the Qing Empire, long trying tokeep the country in international isolation, as a result, was forced not only to open citiesand ports for foreigners but also to actually take full advantage of the European right,mostly German, French and Belgian, etc. However, blind copying of legal norms did notgive the desired result, and the political struggle after the abolition of the monarchy andthe abrogation of the previous legislation created a legal vacuum that needed to be filledin by the judiciary and other law enforcement agencies. That allowed the Supreme Courtof China not only to ensure the uniformity of judicial practice but also to become a lawmakingbody, adapting the existing legal norms to the needs of contemporary reality.The Supreme Court summarized and systematized its own decisions for the first 7 yearsof activity, from 1912 to 1918, publishing them in the form of a collection of abstracts.In 1920 the collection was partially translated into English, and in 1924, into French. In1923 it was supplemented with new jurisprudence and translated into Russian, but notpublished. And, despite the fact that the legal system of the PRC does not consider itselfto any extent the successor of the legal system of the Republic of China, the study ofthe sources of law of the period 1912-1949 is a prerequisite for the fulfillment of themain function of any science - the growth of new knowledge, and in relation to legalscience - understanding of legal traditions and approaches to solving problems andregulating social relations, which are also characteristic of modern Chinese society.

Rate-controlled intraventricular endoscopic irrigation via bipolar foot pedal activation: technical note.

Irrigation during intraventricular endoscopic surgery is critical for visualization, with normal intracranial pressure maintained by balancing fluid ingress and egress. Although irrigation is typically achieved through manual manipulation of inexact stopcocks, the authors have developed a rate-controlled, foot pedal-activated system for precise intraventricular irrigation by using a standard irrigating bipolar electrocautery machine.This study is a retrospective review of patients who underwent endoscopic intraventricular surgery between January 1, 2018, and September 25, 2019, in which this irrigation system was used. Important components of this system include a bipolar module irrigation regulator that is set to a desired rate, a secure connection of the bipolar irrigation tubing to the endoscope, and one or more open egress ports on the endoscope for passive fluid drainage. Nineteen consecutive patients were identified on review (average age ± SD, 4.3 ± 4.1 years). Procedures performed included third ventriculostomies (n = 10); arachnoid/choroid cyst fenestrations/resections (n = 3); biopsy/tumor resection (n = 1); and combined procedures (n = 5). Foot pedal-controlled irrigation provided visualization of all intraventricular structures. A single operator was able to control the endoscope, endoscopic instruments, and irrigation, with assistance as indicated for more complex maneuvers. There were no perioperative complications. Because this setup is easily constructed from a standard irrigating bipolar machine, delivers precise irrigation flow rates, and facilitates a single-surgeon bimanual technique, these data support the utility of foot-controlled irrigation for endoscopic intraventricular surgery.

Single Photon Randomness based on a Defect Center in Diamond

The prototype of a quantum random number generator is a single photon which impinges onto a beam splitter and is then detected by single photon detectors at one of the two output paths. Prior to detection, the photon is in a quantum mechanical superposition state of the two possible outcomes with –ideally– equal amplitudes until its position is determined by measurement. When the two output modes are observed by a single photon detector, the generated clicks can be interpreted as ones and zeros – and a raw random bit stream is obtained. Here we implement such a random bit generator based on single photons from a defect center in diamond. We investigate the single photon emission of the defect center by an anti-bunching measurement. This certifies the “quantumness” of the supplied photonic input state, while the random “decision” is still based on the vacuum fluctuations at the open port of the beam-splitter. Technical limitations, such as intensity fluctuations, mechanical drift, and bias are discussed. A number of ways to suppress such unwanted effects, and an a priori entropy estimation are presented. The single photon nature allows for a characterization of the non-classicality of the source, and allows to determine a background fraction. Due to the NV-center’s superior stability and optical properties, we can operate the generator under ambient conditions around the clock. We present a true 24/7 operation of the implemented random bit generator.

Review of the Semantic Field about Concept of Gongnon(公論) through the Newspaper Media in the Open Port Period : Focus on Hansung Sunbo, Hansung Jubo, and The Independent News(1896)

Review of the Semantic Field about Concept of Gongnon(公論) through the Newspaper Media in the Open Port Period : Focus on Hansung Sunbo, Hansung Jubo, and The Independent News(1896)

Port site hernia: What are the risk factors?

<p><strong>Background & Aim</strong>: The port site hernia is a type of incisional hernia that occurs at port sites after laparoscopic surgery. Various factors have been implicated in the development of port site hernia.</p><p>The aim of this study was to know the risk factors of the port site hernia.</p><p><strong>Patients & Methods:</strong> A retrospective study of patients who underwent different elective laparoscopic procedures in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil in a period from March 2013 to September 2014.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Out of 300 patients only 8 (2.7%) patients developed port site hernia. The time of the hernia occurrence ranged from 3 weeks to six months postoperatively. Half of the hernias were found in cases of age group (60-80) years. Six (75%) of the cases were female patients. All 8 hernias developed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Six (75%) hernias developed after open port entrance technique. All hernias occurred when the fascia in 10 mm port was not closed. Seven hernias (87.5%) occurred in patients with BMI ranged (25-34).</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Age of the patients, technique of entrance, site and size of the port with unclosed fascial layer are important factors for developing port site hernia.</p>

Establishment of an analysis model for the influence of seismic liquefaction site position change on seismic performance of metro stations

In recent years, the construction of subway projects has flourished, and the flow of personnel in underground structures such as subway stations has also increased. Once earthquakes occur, they will bring a series of unpredictable and malignant effects to the country. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the subway stations, etc. Research on earthquake resistance of underground structures. According to the research on the earthquake damage that has occurred, it is found that the underground structure damage such as the subway station is caused by the liquefaction caused by the earthquake. Based on the powerful functions of ABAQUS in solving nonlinear problems, this project establishes a two-dimensional liquefiable field-metro station finite element analysis model. The subway station form mainly adopts the commonly used two-story double-span island metro station structure. Based on the open secondary development port of ABAQUS embeds a sand constitutive subroutine that can describe the nonlinear characteristics of sand liquefaction dynamics, which provides a reference for a certain degree of reference for the difference of seismic response of metro stations in the future.

STUDY OF ECOSYSTEM OF THE SUKHUM BAY WITH EMPHASIS ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT, ABKHAZIAN BLACK SEA COAST

For the first time in thirty years, baseline comprehensive studies plankton and zoobenthos of the Sukhum Bay were conducted and an assessment of its current environmental status was given. The summer phytoplankton abundance of the port of Sukhum was represented mainly by coccolithophorids Emiliania huxleyi and diatoms algae, among the latter, the common species in polluted or eutrophic brackish waters were recorded. The presence of euglenic algae and cyanobacteria indicates a higher nutrient status, pollution and desalination of the sea area. The alien species Peridinium quinquecorne Abé (Dinophyceae) was recorded in the Abkhazian coastal waters for the first time. Totally, 7 species of tintinnids belonging to 3 genera Favella, Tintinnopsis, Eutintinnus were established from the Sukhum Bay. Among them, the non-indigenous species Eutintinnus tubulosus and E. apertus were noticed. Tintinnid ciliates accounted for ca. 5% of total ciliates abundance. The values of the abundance of aloricated ciliates were comparable to the values obtained from offshore of bays and ports of the northeastern Black Sea. As the pressure of predators is reduced the well-pronounced peaks of holo- and meroplankton biomass were recorded in the last summer – early autumn. A significant part of total holoplankton biomass – 66.5 % (up to 1.1 g/m3) was composed of cladocerans Penilia avirostris. The meroplankton was dominated by larvae of bivalve mollusks Mytilaster lineatus, polychaetes Polydora cornuta and cirripede barnacle Amphibalanus improvisus. The number of meroplankton in the open Sukhum port was 10–15 times lower above than a level of values obtained for ports and bays of the northeastern Black Sea. Among ichthyoplankton, the dominant species were Mullus barbatus ponticus, Diplodus annularis, Trachurus mediterraneus, Engraulis encrasicholus and Sciena umbra. Mean abundance of ichthyoplankton in vertical catches was 5–10 times lower than in offshore of Anapa and Gelendzhik of the northeastern Black Sea. And the proportion of dead eggs was 2 – 3 times higher than areas of these resort cities. The composition of macrozoobenthos was drastically depleted and resembled that of the polluted port complexes of the northeastern Black Sea. Heteromastus association dominated in mud bottom sediments. Among spionid polychaetes, the worst invaders Streblospio gynobranchiata and Polydora cornuta have been recorded in soft bottom communities. Depletion of benthic communities, loss from the structure of the trophic web of the macrophyte community and appearance of cyanobacteria and a new alien species in the planktonic and benthic communities leads inevitably to imbalance of the structure of the Sukhum port ecosystem.

Spatio-temporal evolution of port opening in China's 40 years of reform and opening-up period.

In the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, China has developed from an economically closed country to a country that is highly dependent on foreign trade. From the perspective of spatiotemporal evolution, we analyze how port opening promoted China's reform and opening-up process. First, the port development process is divided into four periods. In the start-up period, the pilot open port policy created a platform for foreign cooperation and exchange. During the expansion period, port openings promoted the continuous optimization of the trade structure. In the cooperation period, port openings corresponded with the adjustment of China's overall industrial structure. During the optimization period, port openings provided guarantees for the implementation of a national development strategy. Second, we analyze the distribution of ports and their relationship with cross-border logistics and passenger flow. Based on data of foreign trade and passenger flow, a port openness degree measurement model includes port logistics intensity, passenger flow intensity and port city foreign-trade volume is constructed. There are significant types, geographical differences and grade differences of ports' openness.

The Quality Problem and Quality Checking System in Export Transactions in Modern China

This paper explores the process of the institutionalisation of the quality checking system in China from the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. At the end of the nineteenth century, a quality problem was occurring in export transactions in open ports. Formal and informal institutions were created to resolve the problem, but they were not always effective until the end of the 1920s. In the 1930s, however, a new quality checking system was introduced that led to the resolution of the problem. This paper reviews the reasons behind the emergence and the resolution of the quality problem.

Efficient Information Gathering using NMAP and NBTSCAN: Case study on 172.19.19.0 IP Address

Objectives/Methods: In this work, we are going to identify the IP addresses of all the machines. Along with the IP address, we also get information about the operating system and their version executing on machines. We also list the open ports of every machine connected to the network, which we are scanning. Finally, we enlist services executing in all the open port of machine connected with the network, in which we are using NMAP and NBTSCAN as a scanning tool. Findings: NMAP is the most powerful information-gathering tools available in the cybersecurity domain. Keywords: Cyber Security, Information Gathering, NBTSCAN, NMAP, Open Port

Effect of local infiltration with oxytocin on hemodynamic response to surgical incision and postoperative pain in patients having open laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia.

Preemptive analgesia encompasses different perioperative interventions that have the final aim of decreasing postoperative pain and improving recovery. Recently, peripheral analgesic effects of oxytocinergic modulation have been suggested. In this regard, we tested the potential analgesic effects of subcutaneous oxytocin (OT) infiltration in patients submitted to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Thirty patients with similar general characteristics and medical physical conditions were evaluated. The patients were assigned by simple random selection to one of three groups: (a) OT group (n=10), which received preincisional subcutaneous OT (4µg/4 ml saline) in the surgical sites for trocar placements; (b) Lidocaine group (n=10), which received subcutaneous lidocaine 1% (4ml) in the surgical sites; and (c) Control group (n=10), which did not receive any treatment. Then we measured the effect of those treatments on the hemodynamic variations produced as responses to the surgical incisions and trocar insertions (open port placements using the Hasson technique). Moreover, we assessed the intensity of postoperative pain with the visual analogue scale during recovery and 24hr after surgery. Hemodynamic parameters were stable in both intervention groups (subcutaneous OT and lidocaine) during the surgical incisions and trocar placements, whereas a most likely sympathetic activation due to trocar insertions (open port placements) was not blunted in the placebo group. Furthermore, postoperative pain was diminished in both OT and lidocaine groups when compared to the control group. Preincisional subcutaneous OT administration reduced the hemodynamic response produced by the latter. Furthermore, OT also diminished postoperative pain.