Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss how to make libraries adjust their roles in the digital age through exploring changing user needs and expectations, and utilizing libraries' distinctive advantages, so that library resources can be much better used and library users can be best served.Design/methodology/approach – Library user surveys were conducted by Peking University Library from 2006‐2007. The surveys are partially analyzed to reveal user needs and the relevant responses.Findings – Based on the surveys and related studies, the changing user needs and expectations can be seen: a single point of discovery for all resources from anywhere at anytime; a simple, intuitive user interface and good results; seamless services to ensure resources immediately available; open platform and easy user communication; convenient self‐services and personalized services; and embedding library services into users' workflows. From these needs and expectations, libraries, particularly those serving academic ...