Online Survey Research Articles

Lecture Capture, Transcripts, and Captioning in US Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey

AbstractThis study describes lecture capture, transcription, and captioning services at US Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (COMs). An anonymous online survey was sent to Deans or Directors of Curriculum at all 34 fully accredited COMs, with 21 (62%) responding. Results showed widespread lecture recording (95%), but of those, there were varied transcript and caption offerings: 7 (33%) provided both, 5 (24%) offered closed captions only, and 3 (14%) offered transcripts only. Overall, 71% offered at least one service. These findings indicate the prevalence of these lecture services at US COMs and will assist COMs in benchmarking their practices.

Recognising and responding to the community needs of gay and bisexual men around mpox.

In May 2022, a global surge in mpox cases, typically endemic to Western and Central Africa, particularly affected gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM). This study examines gbMSM communities' experiences and perceptions around Ireland's public health response to the outbreak. A cross-sectional mixed-methods online survey was conducted. Qualitative data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by critical realism. A total of 163 gay and bisexual men took part in the survey. Participants accessed information from diverse sources, reporting varying levels of trustworthiness. Overall, participants were well-informed. Four themes were developed from the qualitative data: (1) Perceptions of the mpox response: divergence in urgency, priority, and care; (2) The mpox outbreak as a sign of otherness for gbMSM; (3) The potential for othering through mpox prevention practices; and (4) mpox, memory and fear. While community-led initiatives were effective, significant challenges included stigmatisation, discrimination, and mistrust towards public health institutions, influenced by institutionalised homophobia. The study underscores the need for inclusive, culturally sensitive, and transparent public health strategies. The mpox outbreak highlights the importance of robust community collaboration in public health interventions. Future strategies must ensure equitable access to information, vaccination, and care, and address broader structural inequalities to foster trust and engagement within affected communities.

Face Off: Exploring College Students’ Perceptions Regarding Face Filters on TikTok

This study analysed college students’ perceptions of body image on TikTok, specifically regarding face filters. Undergraduate college students ( N = 508) completed an online survey focused on their perceptions of face filters, cultural beauty standards and the role of social media in reinforcing beauty industry pressures on users. This cross-sectional data set was analysed to explore which face filter features were most frequently reported by respondents and what cultural beauty standards college students perceive as most salient. Findings suggest that emerging adults are susceptible to cultural beauty standards and may utilise face filters to cope with the pressure to have an idealised look rooted in Eurocentric features. Theoretical implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.

The role of dogs is associated with owner management practices and characteristics, but not with perceived canine behaviour problems

AbstractOwned dogs are often regarded as family members, best friends, or even as substitutes for children. These new roles and their effects on human well-being have received scientific attention, but little is known about how attributing such social functions to dogs might influence the caring behaviour of the owner, which in turn can impact canine welfare. Our online survey of Hungarian dog owners (N = 790) aimed to describe what owners appreciate the most and the least in their dogs and to investigate the relationship between the social and non-social functions of the dog, the characteristics of the owner and the dog, the management practices of the owner, as well as the dog’s behaviour, including behaviour problems. We found that most owners appreciated petting and physical contact with their dog (97.6%), followed by ‘unconditional love’ (93.7%), the dog’s beauty (88.4%), and walking with the dog (86.5%). The most frequently mentioned problems were socialisation issues (20.4%) and lack of time (15.9%). Regarding canine behaviour, jumping up (33.2%), chasing animals (28.5%), territoriality (26.7%), and overexcitement (20.9%) were common problems. Almost a quarter of owners rated their dogs as totally obedient and 30.6% as totally safe off-leash. We identified three profiles of dog owners based on the roles they attribute to their dogs. Dogs with both companionship and practical functions (31.1%) were perceived as more obedient and provided higher safety benefits to their owners than others. Dogs regarded as ‘companion animals’ (19.4%) spent less time with their owners and had older owners than others. Lastly, owners labelled as ‘dog parents’ (49.5%) were more likely to keep their dog indoors only than others. Importantly, the roles attributed to dogs were not associated with owner-reported canine behaviour problems. We concluded that while the functions humans attribute to dogs are multiple and appear to have direct implications for the dogs’ daily lives, these variations in management practices do not necessarily seem to compromise their welfare.

Traditional and Online Bullying Victimization Among School-going Adolescents: The Role of Sociodemographic Factors

Background: Bullying in school is a vital issue as researchers increasingly find that it can be detrimental to students’ well-being and academic excellence. From an ecological systems theory perspective, examining school bullying reveals that numerous psychosocial factors influence student behavior. Hence, the present study aims to investigate the role of sociodemographics—at the individual (age, gender), microsystem and mesosystem (grade level, school type), exosystem (region), macrosystem (socioeconomic status), and chronosystem (shift from traditional to virtual classroom during COVID-19) levels—in the victimization of traditional and online bullying. Methods: After obtaining ethical clearance, an online survey form was deployed to collect sociodemographic information and assess traditional and online bullying victimization among 120 school-going adolescents from the Southern regions of India. Results: A linear regression analysis showed age and region (urban and rural) predicting traditional and online victimization, respectively. Other sociodemographic factors of gender, school type, and grade level did not predict either victimization type. Conclusions: Sociodemographic factors play a significant role in the victimization experiences of students both in traditional and online.

From the player to the sponsor: exploring the interplay of attitudes in MMA sports sponsorship

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the complex dynamics of sports sponsorship within the context of mixed martial arts (MMA). Specifically, it explores how audience attitudes toward MMA influence their perceptions of players and sponsors, and subsequently, how these attitudes affect brand perceptions and purchase intentions. Furthermore, this research examines the moderating effect of fans' attitudes toward MMA on the relationship between their attitudes toward sponsors and their purchase intentions. MMA was selected as the focus of this study due to its propensity to evoke more intense emotional responses than other sports, as evidenced by previous research.Design/methodology/approachStudy 1 was conducted to systematically assess the emotional responses elicited by MMA. This preliminary study involved 277 participants. Building on the findings from Study 1, Study 2 employed an online survey to investigate the relationships among various constructs related to MMA. This survey was facilitated through an external portal and included a sample of 459 participants residing in the United States. The constructs measured in this survey were attitudes toward the player (ATP), attitudes toward the sponsor (ATS), perception of brand quality (PBQ), purchase intention (ITP) and attitudes toward mixed martial arts (ATM).FindingsThe study reveals that respondents rated MMA the most negatively among the analyzed sports, with the highest standard deviation, indicating that MMA evokes extreme emotional responses. The findings confirm that attitudes toward the player positively influence attitudes toward the sponsor, aligning with sponsorship-linked marketing theory. Moreover, positive attitudes toward the player were found to enhance perceptions of the sponsor’s brand quality. The research further demonstrated that attitudes toward the sponsor and perceptions of brand quality mediate the relationship between attitudes toward the player and purchase intentions, underscoring the complex nature of consumer decision-making in MMA sponsorship.Originality/valueThis research provides novel insights into the critical role of audience engagement and personal connection with sports in formulating effective sponsorship strategies. It emphasizes the need for marketers to tailor their approaches to align with the sport’s personal significance to the audience, employing narratives that resonate with their identities and values. Enhancing player-sponsor associations through co-branded campaigns and endorsements is essential. Furthermore, consistently maintaining high product quality and fostering emotional connections with the sport are key strategies to drive increased purchase intentions.

A committed brand facing moral dilemma crises: the role of inferred goodwill and self-brand connection in consumer regret

Purpose In an era of blurred moral boundaries, brands face “moral dilemma crises”, which are distinguished from traditional crises. Based on expectancy violations theory, this study aims to explore how consumers interpret (inferred goodwill) and evaluate (consumer regret) the precrisis committed brands, reinforced by corporate ability and responsibility (expectancies) during moral dilemma crises and whether self-brand connection moderates this relationship. Design/methodology/approach The main study used a scenario-based online survey with a purchased beauty brand, analyzed via structural equation modeling and PROCESS macro, to examine the effects of corporate ability and responsibility on regret, mediated by inferred goodwill and moderated by self-brand connection. A validation study with a fictitious brand used an online experimental design, analyzed with t-tests and ANCOVAs. Findings When corporate ability and corporate responsibility are considered together, corporate ability negatively impacts inferred goodwill (boomerang effect), whereas corporate responsibility positively impacts inferred goodwill (buffering effect). Inferred goodwill acts as a mediator that reduces regret. The negative impact of corporate ability on inferred goodwill and regret becomes stronger among consumers with strong self-brand connections. However, self-brand connection does not moderate the relationship between corporate responsibility and inferred goodwill. Originality/value This research extends the application of expectancy violations theory to moral dilemma crises, differentiates between the effects of corporate ability and responsibility, highlights the role of inferred goodwill and regret and explores the moderating effects of self-brand connection, providing tailored insights for brand management.

Misperceptions about the effectiveness of cutting down and low-rate daily smoking for reducing the risk of tobacco-caused harm.

Reducing the amount smoked per day, or smoking at a low rate, confers limited protection from smoking harms. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of misperceptions about cutting down and low-rate smoking among Australian adults who smoke. Cross-sectional online survey in April/May 2022 (N=2,740). Participants were asked whether they agreed (misperception) or disagreed that "Reducing the number of cigarettes smoked per day is an effective way to reduce the risk of experiencing the health harms of smoking". They were also asked whether the statement "Smoking 1 cigarette per day is about 1/20th as dangerous as smoking a pack of 20 cigarettes per day" sounded about right (misperception) or if it was less dangerous (misperception) or more dangerous than that. The misperception that reducing the number of cigarettes smoked is an effective way to reduce risk was held by 72.0% of people who smoke overall, but was more common among those who smoked <5 cigarettes daily (76.3%; Adj PR=1.11 [95% CI 1.01-1.21]) or only occasionally (79.7%; Adj PR=1.14 [1.06-1.23]) compared with those who smoked 5+ cigarettes daily (66.7%). Over two-thirds (67.9%) underestimated the dangers of smoking 1 cigarette per day, and this misperception was also more common among low-rate smokers (77.6%, Adj PR=1.14 [95% CI 1.04-1.26]) compared to those who smoked 5+ cigarettes daily (63.1%). Misperceptions about the value of cutting down and low-rate smoking for reducing the risk of tobacco-caused harm are pervasive, especially among those who currently smoke at a low-rate or only occasionally. Recent epidemiological evidence confirms that the risks of harm associated with low-rate smoking and cutting down are much higher than would be expected if the relationship between consumption and harm was linear. Findings from this study indicate that misperceptions about the benefits conferred by these smoking patterns are pervasive among people who smoke, particularly among those who currently smoke at a low rate. Corrective education that explains the mechanisms for the increased risk posed by these behaviours could be delivered via package health warnings and/or public health campaigns and may provide low-rate and occasional smokers with additional reasons to quit.

Comparing Population-General and Sport-Specific Correlates of Disordered Eating Amongst Elite Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Despite the high prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders amongst elite athletes, it remains unclear whether risk factors and psychological processes align with those in the general population or if there are unique sport-factors associated with heightened risk. This cross-sectional study investigated if sport-specific factors (including pressures and psychological processes) explained additional variance in elite athletes' disordered eating symptoms, controlling for established population-general risk factors. Current elite athletes (N = 178, 72.4% female, mean age = 23.9, standard deviation age = 7.0) completed online surveys assessing disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, perfectionistic traits, population-general and sport-specific pressures, as well as general (thin-ideal, muscular-ideal) and athlete-specific (drive for leanness for performance, athletic identity) psychological processes. Disordered eating was highly prevalent, with 78.2% of athletes reporting at least moderate risk, 46.4% at least high risk, and 20.6% very high risk. Controlling for demographic covariates and population-general pressures, sport-specific pressures explained significant additional variance (13.5%) in disordered eating. Even when controlling for perfectionistic traits, greater weight pressures in sport (β = .35) was uniquely associated with greater disordered eating. In a separate multivariate analysis controlling for covariates and general psychological processes, athlete-specific psychological processes explained significant additional variance (15.5%) in disordered eating. Even when controlling for body dissatisfaction, greater drive for leanness for performance (β = .17) and athletic identity (β = .13) were uniquely associated with greater disordered eating. These findings support evidence that elite athletes may experience dual pressures and psychological processes associated with disordered eating: those congruent with appearance-oriented models and others independent of appearance. This duality should be considered in the modification of interventions for disordered eating in elite athletes. 1. Disordered eating was highly prevalent in a sample of 178 elite adult athletes, with 78.2% reporting at least moderate risk for having related symptoms or behaviours. 2. Greater weight pressures in sport was significantly associated with greater disordered eating, even when controlling for demographic covariates and population-general appearance-related pressures from family and the media. 3. Both appearance-based (drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction) and non-appearance (drive for leanness for performance, athletic identity) psychological processes were uniquely associated with greater disordered eating.

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Work-Life Balance terhadap Kepuasan Kerja: Stres Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening

Employees are one of the crucial factors in a company. Companies must be able to pay attention to the physical and mental needs of their employees to achieve good performance. The work environment and work-life balance are factors that affect employee performance and job satisfaction. This study aims to examine the influence of the work environment and work-life balance on job satisfaction, work stress as an intervening variable. In this study, the sample used was PT Telen employees. The number of samples taken was 100 respondents of PT Telen employees specifically in the operational field. The data for this study were obtained using an online survey questionnaire via google form with a measurement scale using a 5-point Likert scale. This research is a descriptive study using quantitative methods. The analysis tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with data analysis techniques using the Smart-PLS version 3.0 application. The results of the study indicate that the work environment and work-life balance have a good relationship with a significant negative effect on work stress, but the work environment and work-life balance have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. While work stress has a negative and significant relationship with job satisfaction, and work stress can mediate the influence of the work environment on job satisfaction.

Unlocking Insights: Harnessing Primary School Children's Experiences and Reflections on Emergency Remote Learning to Shape K-12 e-Learning in the Post-Pandemic Era

The study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary education in Cyprus and to discern the implications for the post-pandemic era, specifically focusing on the Emergency Remote Learning (ERL) experiences and reflections of upper primary students (ages 9-12). Grounded in socio-constructivist learning theory, which emphasizes the importance of active student engagement and social interaction in the learning process, the research explored the challenges students faced during the rapid shift to remote education. A mixed-methods design was employed, using an in-depth online survey that incorporated both quantitative and qualitative questions. Data were collected from a sample of 204 students selected through non-probability, convenience sampling. The analysis revealed that students experienced several challenges, including technology constraints, lack of interaction, and difficulty maintaining concentration, which are consistent with global findings on K-12 ERL. Among demographic factors, the type of school attended (public vs. private) had a significant influence on most aspects of students' ERL experience. Private school students reported more favourable conditions than their public school counterparts, which facilitated a smoother shift to both asynchronous and synchronous ERL, resulting in a more positive overall ERL experience. Regardless of the type of school attended, students overwhelmingly expressed a strong preference for face-to-face learning. Comparisons with other studies conducted in Cyprus during the same period involving older student age cohorts suggest significant age-related differences. The young students in our study encountered greater challenges during the transition to ERL, which can be attributed to their heightened need for scaffolding and external regulation to learn in the virtual space, as well as the higher importance they attached to the social aspects of school life taken away by ERL. Despite their largely negative experiences with ERL, a high proportion of the children advocated integrating the e-learning tools and technologies they got acquainted with during ERL into the normal context of schooling. These findings underscore the importance of further research into effective instructional strategies tailored to young learners in both online and blended learning settings. They also highlight the potential benefits of incorporating e-learning tools into conventional classrooms to enhance the teaching and learning process.

Adaptation of the ‘’Food Allergy Self-Efficacy Scale for Parents’’(FASE-P) to Turkish: a validity and reliability study

Background. Food allergy is a public health issue that has a significant impact on the lives of families. Parental self-efficacy/confidence is important in managing food allergies. The aim of this study is to validate the “Food Allergy Self-Efficacy Scale for Parents” (FASE-P) and assess parental self-efficacy in managing their child’s food allergy. Methods. Turkish version of the FASE-P (T-FASE-P) was administered to 347 parents of children aged 0-18 who had been followed for at least one month due to food allergy at the Pediatric Allergy Clinic of Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital between September 1 and December 31, 2023, through face-to-face interviews and online surveys for parents of children with food allergies from the general population. Content validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to evaluate the validity of the scale. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was used for concurrent criterion validity. Internal consistency analysis, test-retest application, and item analysis were conducted to assess its reliability. Results. T-FASE-P scale initially contained 21 items, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α) calculated in this form was found to be 0.89. Later, when 4 items were excluded, the 17-item version of the scale was calculated as α=0.90. The intra-class correlation coefficient between the test and re-test was found to be 0.972. The content validity index value of the scale was calculated as 0.99, indicating that the content validity was at a sufficient level. In the EFA, it was determined that the scale formed a three-factor structural model and that this model explained 60.82% of the total variance. As a result of the CFA, the fit indices were calculated as χ2/df=2.341, GFI=0.919, TLI=0.950, indicating a good level of fit. Based on the analysis results, T-FASE-P consists of 17 items and three subscales. Conclusion. T-FASE-P scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the food allergy self-efficacy of Turkish parents.

The Inherent Shield: Learning-Based Stress Symptoms Among People Diagnosed with Specific Learning Disability and Its Relationship with Dispositional Mindfulness

Background: Past research suggests that individuals with learning disabilities experience higher levels of emotional difficulties. Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationships between specific learning disabilities (SLDs) and learning-based stress symptoms (LBSSs). Further, this study examines whether dispositional mindfulness (DM) can be used as a moderating factor for these symptoms resulting from the same stressful learning experience. Methods: The sample consisted of 133 participants (73 male) aged 23–44 years (M = 34.41; SD = 9.69). In this sample, 56 reported that they have been officially diagnosed with a SLD. Participants completed an online survey comprising a demographics questionnaire, self-report SLD questionnaire, school learning-based stress symptoms, and five-facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ-24). Results: Results revealed that participants with an SLD had higher levels of LBSSs compared to the general population. Furthermore, findings revealed that DM significantly predicts LBSS levels. Conclusions: The present study provides further evidence on the impact of learning experiences on stress symptoms among individuals with SLDs, and this phenomenon we have termed as “learning-based stress symptoms”. Additionally, our findings introduce novel evidence that DM may influence the relationship between LBSSs and SLDs, suggesting that a high level of DM can serve as a protective factor against these learning-based stress symptoms.

Examining the Financial Literacy of Healthcare Professionals: A Research on a Provincial Health Directorate.

This research aimed to assess the financial literacy levels of healthcare professionals working at a Provincial Health Directorate and examine their relationships with various financial domains. The study utilized a cross-sectional online survey. The financial literacy scale was employed to assess the financial knowledge and compentencies of healthcare professionals, providing a structured evaluation of their understandig across various financial domains. Statistical analyses, including correlation analysis, independent samples t-test, and one-way ANOVA, were performed using SPSS-25 and R programs. A total of 240 participants took part, comprising 52.1% males and 47.9% females, aged between 20 and 65 years. Younger healthcare professionals (p=.017) and males (p=.001) demonstrated higher financial literacy levels. Significant correlations were found between financial literacy and domains such as investment instruments, debt and risk management, and personal finance management. Weak but positive relationships were observed between financial literacy and digital assets, indicating emerging trends in digital finance awareness. For instance, males exhibited higher proficiency in investment instruments and debt management, while younger professionals displayed higher knowledge in investment areas. The findings underscore the importance of targeted financial education for healthcare professionals, highlighting the need for sector-specific training programs. Enhanced financial literacy is essential for improving financial decision-making, ultimately benefiting both personal financial well-being and professional performance in the healthcare sector.

Digital Competence Among Older Adults: Is Self-Assessment Reliable?

Digital technology holds promise for addressing age-related challenges such as diminished physical and cognitive abilities, chronic conditions, and shifts in social connections. Individual proficiency in computer and internet skills influences technology adoption, correlated with advanced usage, positive attitudes, and self-efficacy. Despite extensive research on digital competence among younger demographics, there is a noticeable gap in inclusive design and research for older adults, with existing assessments often overlooking user ability diversity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability of self-assessment as a method for measuring digital skills among older adults by comparing self-reported competence with objective assessments using the digital foundation skills framework. Abetween-subjects design was used to explore the reliability of self-assessment in evaluating digital skills among older adults, comparing self-assessed and objective assessments using the digital foundation skills framework. This framework encompasses six domains and provides statements and practical examples for self-assessment and objective evaluation of digital competence. Data were collected from 51 Romanian adults over the age of 60 using an online survey for the subjective assessment and laboratory testing for the objective assessment. Significant disparities were found between self-assessed and actual performance in three domains: digital foundation skills, communicating, and problem-solving. However, older adults accurately assessed their performance in handling information and content, transacting, and being safe and legal online. Given the lack of a consistent pattern of overestimation or underestimation, objective assessment is recommended for precise digital competence evaluation.

Abstract 4136277: The Lay Public Misconceives Characteristics of Acute Coronary Syndrome-Related Chest Pain

Introduction: The most common acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptom is chest pain. Chest pain is an umbrella term more precisely described using words like pressure or tightness. Previous studies have not explored the lay public’s conceptions of ACS-related chest pain. Misconceptions about chest pain make it difficult for individuals to recognize this symptom if they were to experience it, delaying care seeking. Research Question: How does the lay public conceive of ACS-related chest pain? Methods: Participants from across the U.S. were recruited in May and June 2023. Participants completed an online survey including the Chest Pain Conception Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize conceptions of chest pain quality, timing, intensity, and distress. Conceptions of men and women were compared using the independent-samples t -test and Chi-square test. Results: Participants (n=597) were mostly women (n=355; 59.5%) with a mean age of 54.0 years (SD = 11.5). The sample was diverse: White (n=414, 69.2%), Black (n=101; 16.9%), Hispanic or Latina/o/e/x (n=96; 16.1%), and Asian (n=67; 11.2%). Participants often thought of pressure (78.9%), tightness (77.4%), squeezing (75.5%), gripping (72.9%), and heaviness (72.5%) as possible descriptors of ACS-related chest pain. They less often thought of discomfort (48.7%), fullness (16.8%), and indigestion (13.4%). Participants expected ACS-related chest pain to be “intense” and to bother them “a lot,” both with median scores of 4.0 on a 5-point Likert scale. Participants felt that ACS-related chest pain would “often” (median 4.0) occur with activity and “sometimes” (median 3.0) occur at rest. Women were more likely to rate specific descriptors of chest pain (i.e., pressure, tightness) and general descriptors of chest pain (i.e., discomfort, pain) as more likely ACS-related chest pain descriptors than men, (all ps ≤ .05). Women (n=58; 16.3%) were about twice as likely as men (n=22; 9.2%) to endorse indigestion as a possible descriptor of ACS-related chest pain, ( p = .013, OR = 0.52 [95% CI = 0.31-0.87]). Conclusions: As many as 1 in 5 participants did not endorse common descriptors such as pressure and tightness as potentially characterizing ACS-related chest pain. Most believed this symptom would be intense and bother them a lot. They also more often associated ACS-related chest pain with activity than with rest. Clinical and research interventions can target the misconceptions identified in this study.

Knowledge and awareness of undergraduate medical students regarding palliative care in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

Our study assesses the current knowledge and prior awareness of undergraduate medical students in Pakistan regarding palliative care. This descriptive Cross-sectional online survey was distributed among undergraduate medical students across Pakistan, with a sample size of 246 participants. The questionnaire, adapted from the PaCKS questionnaire by Kozlov et al. (JAMA 15(5):524-34, 2017), was designed to assess the students' prior knowledge about palliative care. The mean PaCKS score was 9.7 out of 13, with a standard deviation of 2.76. Having heard of palliative care before participation in the study was significantly associated with higher PaCKS scores. Key factors associated with a higher incidence of prior awareness of palliative care included attending private institutions, being in a more advanced year of study, and having a higher mean monthly family income (P < 0.001 for each factor). This study explores medical students' understanding of palliative care in Pakistan, finding that while many have a basic grasp of the concept, there are notable misconceptions, particularly in differentiating palliative care from hospice care and understanding its broader role. Interestingly, students' knowledge did not significantly improve as they advanced through medical school, suggesting potential shortcomings in the curriculum. The findings highlight the need for more precise education and targeted training to better equip future healthcare providers for delivering patient-centered care.

Lalaki ka, hindi ka dapat umiiyak!: barriers of help-seeking behaviour in Filipino men

ABSTRACT Objective Filipino men's self-perceived masculinity and their inclination to seek help are influenced by the cultural context, and barriers in their help-seeking behaviour moderate this relationship. It is hypothesised that higher self-perceived masculinity corresponds to a diminished tendency to seek help, shaped by categorisation into social groups based on masculinity. Method The respondents were 348 Filipino males, aged 21–45 years, who accomplished the online survey. The participants completed the Male Role Norms Inventory-Revised, Barriers to Help Seeking Scale, and General Help-Seeking Questionnaire. A series of moderation analyses utilising JAMOVI was performed to investigate the moderation of help-seeking barriers on the relationship between masculinity and help-seeking behaviour. Results Results showed that when Filipino men's self-perception of masculinity increases, their help-seeking behaviour, specifically formal help-seeking, decreases. The following barriers act as moderators – Need for Self-Control and Self-Reliance, Concrete Barriers, and Distrust of Caregivers, significantly influencing the relationship between masculinity and formal help-seeking. Conversely, when seeking informal help, all identified barriers show no buffering effect, as Filipino men prefer informal help-seeking, consistent with the cultural context. Discussion Findings support the hypothesis that masculinity predicts their propensity to seek help. Add a one-liner recommendation based on the results. Future authors should focus on conducting localised research that examines the specific cultural factors influencing masculinity and help-seeking behaviours. Additionally, exploring the intersectionality of masculinity with other social factors can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the barriers men face in seeking help.

Institutional Betrayal in Inpatient Psychiatry: Effects on Trust and Engagement With Care.

Patients' experiences of inpatient psychiatry have received limited empirical scrutiny. The authors examined patients' likelihood of experiencing institutional betrayal (harmful actions or inactions toward patients) at facilities with for-profit, nonprofit, or government ownership; patient-level characteristics associated with experiencing institutional betrayal; associations between betrayal and patients' trust in mental health providers; and associations between betrayal and patients' willingness to engage in care postdischarge. Former psychiatric inpatients (N=814 adults) responded to an online survey. Data were collected on patients' demographic characteristics; experiences of institutional betrayal; and the impact of psychiatric hospitalization on patients' trust in providers, willingness to engage in care, and attendance at 30-day follow-up visits. Participants' responses were linked to secondary data on facility ownership type. Experiencing institutional betrayal was associated with less trust in mental health providers (25-percentage-point increase in reporting less trust, 95% CI=17-32), reduced willingness (by 45 percentage points, 95% CI=39-52) voluntarily undergo hospitalization, reduced willingness (by 30 percentage points, 95% CI=23-37) to report distressing thoughts to mental health providers, and lower probability of reporting attendance at a 30-day follow-up visit (11-percentage-point decrease, 95% CI=5-18). Participants treated at a for-profit facility were significantly more likely (by 14 percentage points) to report experiencing institutional betrayal than were those treated at a nonprofit facility (p=0.01). Institutional betrayal is one mechanism through which inpatient psychiatric facilities may cause iatrogenic harm, and the potential for betrayal was larger at for-profit facilities. Further research is needed to identify the determinants of institutional betrayal and strategies to support improvement in care quality.

What's the Cost: Financial Toxicity and Screening Fatigue in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.

Patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome are recommended to follow a comprehensive surveillance protocol, but the demanding nature may limit adherence. We sought to identify barriers to adherence, and to determine whether screening fatigue and financial hardship are contributors. A 39-item online survey was developed and distributed to patients presenting to a LFS clinic between 2017 and 2022. Of the 39 patients eligible, 20 responded to the survey (51%). Of respondents, 75% reported they do not skip surveillance tests, though this was not consistent when asked about specific tests, with only 65% and 40% up to date with colonoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy, respectively. 100% of those diagnosed within the last 5 years said they never skip tests, whereas only 50% of those diagnosed over 5 years ago reported the same (p=0.01). Barriers to adherence were reported by 85% and most commonly included finances (40%), time (25%), and difficulty scheduling (25%). Only 21% felt no financial stress. 63% worried at least somewhat about their future financial situation because of LFS. Even with insurance, 65% felt their share of healthcare costs was too high. Adherence to rigorous cancer surveillance is imperfect and decreases over time among patients with LFS. While number of tests was not a commonly cited barrier, time and difficulty scheduling were common and may contribute to screening fatigue. The degree of financial stress in the affluent population studied should raise even greater concern about financial strain in the LFS population in general.