Online Lessons Research Articles

The Implementation of Songs in Teaching Listening in Online Learning Environment

Language acquisition in early childhood is crucial for a child's overall cognitive and emotional development. This paper investigates the implementation of songs in English teaching for kindergarten students in an online learning environment. With the increasing prevalence of remote learning, educators face the challenge of engaging young learners in an effective and enjoyable manner. This study aims to explore how the integration of songs can enhance the listening abilities of kindergarten students during online English lessons. The research methodology involves conducting a literature review on the benefits of incorporating songs in language education and an empirical study consisting of online lessons with a group of kindergarten students. The findings indicate that the implementation of songs positively impacts students' listening comprehension, motivation, and overall engagement in the online learning environment. The results also highlight the importance of carefully selecting age-appropriate songs that align with the learning objectives and student interests. Based on the outcomes, this paper offers recommendations for educators on effectively utilizing songs in online English teaching for kindergarten students. The integration of songs in online English teaching for kindergarten students is an effective and enjoyable method to enhance their listening skills, vocabulary acquisition, cultural awareness, and overall engagement in the learning process.

Evaluating the Proficiency of Science Educators in Developing and Executing Online Instruction: A Case Study of Secondary Schools in Uganda

This research delved into the assessment of the proficiency of science educators in formulating and executing online lessons within secondary schools in Uganda. Employing a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional survey design, the study developed a questionnaire to evaluate the online teaching competencies of secondary school science teachers. The questionnaire was disseminated electronically, resulting in 50 respondents within a one-month timeframe. Data analysis encompassed the use of descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The research findings disclosed that while science teachers exhibited competence in online teaching, course design, digital communication, and basic computer skills, they displayed some limitations in advanced computer skills and the utilization of Learning Management Systems. Furthermore, the study identified factors such as school location and the academic qualifications of teachers as overarching influences on the competency of science teachers in designing and implementing online lessons. In light of these findings, the study recommends the organization of professional development courses to enhance teachers' readiness for conducting online classes. Additionally, it underscores the importance of electrifying and equipping schools, especially those in rural areas, with the requisite infrastructure and resources. Keywords: science, teachers, competency, designing, implementing, online lessons

Effect of COVID-19 on inclusive mathematics education

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed education all over the world. As part of emergency remote teaching (ERT), the switch to online instruction had several technological, pedagogical and social challenges. Oral hearing impaired (HI) learners experienced difficulties during synchronous online lessons with hearing devices not picking up sounds, disruption to comprehend the lesson, not familiar with the online devices and emotional side-effects (Krishnan et al., 2020). The research question that guided this study is what is the influence of COVID-19 on mathematics teachers’ inclusive practices for oral HI learners? This study followed a case study design and collected data from two high school inclusive mathematics teachers before the pandemic and during ERT. The South African Department of Basic Education’s (DBE, 2011) Guidelines for responding to learner diversity in the classroom through curriculum and assessment policy statements and Whittle, Tiwari, Yan and Williams’ (2020) ERT environment framework’s design step guided the data collection and analysis processes. Data was collected in the form of interviews, observations and document analysis. It was found that teachers should receive adequate training when teaching in an inclusive school focusing on hearing impairments. During ERT the teachers felt teaching became a 24-hour job, the school’s expectations were high and they had strict requirements on the appearances of the videos. They had to produce between 12 and 16 videos per week for asynchronous teaching. Hardly any inclusive practices were implemented during ERT. The HI learners were neglected during the lockdown of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic as the teachers only focussed on making videos and tried to cope with the demands. More research needs to be done to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic, and possible future pandemics, and lack of inclusive practices influence the HI learners’ understanding and progression in mathematics. From that a framework can then be constructed to guide inclusive teachers in possible future pandemics and ERT scenarios.

Challenges and instructor strategies for transitioning to online learning during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a review of literature

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented shift to online learning, significantly impacting the higher education landscape. This paper examines the challenges faced by faculty and students during the rapid transition to online instruction and explores best practices for delivering effective online courses. The increased adoption of online learning created stress for faculty and resulted in academic setbacks for students. Although challenges are present strategies exist to help faculty create rich online learning environments. One important element is engagement, which looks at both student engagement with the material and with their classmates and faculty. In addition to working on student engagement the faculty were now in a position that required a new type of expertise to manage online interactions, which can be much different from their experiences in traditional classrooms. Insufficient time for proper course adaptation and limited knowledge of online teaching methods added to these challenges. Effective online delivery requires careful planning, utilization of advanced instructional technologies, and creating an immersive and interactive learning environment. Faculty must also adapt their teaching strategies to accommodate the unique challenges of online instruction. This review highlights the significance of a quality learning management system (LMS) as the backbone of online courses. An effective LMS facilitates course management, content delivery, and student interaction. Future considerations include providing comprehensive faculty support and training, promoting effective communication and collaboration among students, and incorporating interactive elements into online lessons. The following will provide lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic which will help faculty to improve their instructional competence and social presence in the online classroom.

The Impact of Intelligent Pedagogical Agents’ Interventions on Student Behavior and Performance in Open-Ended Game Design Environments

Research has shown that free-form Game-Design (GD) environments can be very effective in fostering Computational Thinking (CT) skills at a young age. However, some students can still need some guidance during the learning process due to the highly open-ended nature of these environments. Intelligent Pedagogical Agents (IPAs) can be used to provide personalized assistance in real-time to alleviate this challenge. This paper presents our results in evaluating such an agent deployed in a real-word free-form GD learning environment to foster CT in the early K-12 education, Unity-CT. We focus on the effect of repetition by comparing student behaviors between no intervention, 1-shot, and repeated intervention groups for two different errors that are known to be challenging in the online lessons of Unity-CT. Our findings showed that the agent was perceived very positively by the students and the repeated intervention showed promising results in terms of helping students make fewer errors and more correct behaviors, albeit only for one of the two target errors. Building from these results, we provide insights on how to provide IPA interventions in free-form GD environments.

Conditions of eefective social interaction of students of younger classes during distance learning

The development of social interaction skills is important in elementary school age, because the ability to cooperate, communicate, control and express one`s feelings, make compromises, oveercome difficulties, etc. is a guarantee for the further realization of the individual in life. Unfortunately, in modern realities, in connection with the martial law, younger-schoolchildren in most regions of Ukraine do not have the opportunity to be in daily "live" communication with peers and teachers, where social interaction skills are actively developed. The distance learning format with online lessons raises a number of pedagogical and psychological problems associated with a decrease in the effectiveness of interaction between teachers and students, students among themselves, which negatively affects the development of social interaction skills. In this context, new challenges arise for teachers (as well as far parents).

Impact of Practical Online Lessons on Chinese Medical Students' Perception of Radiation Oncology.

Radiotherapy is an essential component of oncology treatment. It is imperative that clinicians and medical students have a fundamental understanding of radiotherapy. However, radiation oncology education is deficient worldwide. This study introduced an hour-long online Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) as a supplement to the basic curriculum for 8-year medical students at Peking Union Medical College and Tsinghua University in China. The students' personal opinions and comprehension of radiation oncology therapy were assessed through pre- and post-test questionnaires before and after the MOOC study. The results indicated that the percentage of students interested in radiotherapy increased, and their knowledge of radiotherapy significantly improved after the online MOOC study, suggesting that short-term MOOC study may stimulate students' interest in learning and improving their knowledge of radiation therapy. The study suggests that the combination of online and offline teaching may be a feasible way to develop radiation oncology education in the future.

Data Analytics of Online Lessons in Social Studies and Buddhism: Enhancing Dhamma Teaching and Tripitaka Understanding Among Teachers and Students

Data Analytics of Online Lessons in Social Studies and Buddhism: Enhancing Dhamma Teaching and Tripitaka Understanding Among Teachers and Students

A Digital Storytelling Workshop with Mathematics Teachers

This study presents reflections from an online Digital Storytelling Workshop conducted with mathematics teachers. In the study, which was designed as a qualitative case study, the participants comprised four people studying for a master’s degree at a state university in Turkey and who also worked as mathematics teachers in secondary schools. Data were collected through online lesson recordings, a semi-structured interview form, participants’ reflective diaries, and digital stories prepared during the process. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the data. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the participants had the most difficulty in creating a dramatic question and adding multimedia. It was seen that they paid more attention to the dramatic question, sound, and music elements while evaluating sample digital stories. They mentioned time-saving in terms of the advantages of holding the workshop online, and the fact that interaction was limited regarding the disadvantages. They stated that the workshop mostly benefited them in terms of technology. They reported that due to the disruptions experienced in online education, they used the prepared digital stories limitedly in their own classrooms, and stated they could not receive sufficient feedback. They also stated that in the event that they could use digital stories in mathematics classes, they would benefit students in various ways. The digital stories prepared at the end of the workshop were examined, and it was seen that there was an improvement in all participants

Using the folklore and poetry by Sergei Yesenin in Russian as a foreign language lessons: an online class

Object of the article: Russian as a foreign language classes. Subject of the article: the method of creating an artificial language environment in classes with students from Asia and Africa who study Russian as a foreign language. Material of the article: an online experiment on the use of materials of Russian folklore and the artistic heritage of the poet of the early XX century Sergei Esenin in classes with foreign students. The purpose of the article is to identify the national axiology in Russian poetry. The purpose of the article is to show the features of the online lesson of Russian as a foreign language. Methodology: holistic hermeneutic analysis of the song on the poet's verses "Above the window the moon" with the involvement of biographical commentary and historical-literary context. The results of the study consist in the development of a methodology for analyzing the text with foreign students, aimed at a holistic perception and understanding of the poetic text.

A Study of Learning Achievement Using a Flipped-Classroom Model Combined with Online Cooperative Learning in Soil Mechanics Laboratory

The objectives of this research were (1) to assess the appropriateness, (2) to study the learning achievement, and (3) to study the satisfaction of learners of the flipped-classroom model combined with online cooperative learning in the Soil Mechanics Laboratory. The research sample are 56 students enrolled in Soil Mechanics Laboratory, semester 1/2021, Civil Engineering and Education Program; Department of Teacher Training in Civil Engineering; Faculty of Technical Education; King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok. There were five experts in content and another 10 in education. The tools used in the research were online lessons and a learning achievement test. Another tool included a student satisfaction questionnaire with a flipped-classroom model combined with online cooperative learning. The statistics used in the research were percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The results showed (1) the overall suitability of the flipped-classroom model combined with online cooperative learning was at a high level of 4.30/5.00, (2) the overall mean exercise/quiz scores (E1/E2) of learning achievement with a flipped-classroom model combined with online cooperative learning were 85.18/81.01 (100), and (3) the overall learner satisfaction with the flipped-classroom model combined with online cooperative learning was at the highest level of 4.56/5.00.

Greek preschool teachers’ readiness to teach online at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact around the world and has drastically changed the field of education. In addition to instructional materials, new technologies enabled access to new learning environments. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted some significant disparities between conventional information and communication technologies (ICTs) included in teacher training curricula in Greece and the new software required for remote learning and teaching. Thus, the study presented here aimed to examine the mobilisation of in-service teachers and their readiness to address teaching challenges while delivering online lessons. Online questionnaires were distributed to 110 in-service preschool teachers. The study aimed to answer four research questions about teachers’ ICT knowledge and the ways in which they used technology for work purposes, as well as the difficulties they encountered while teaching online. Evaluation of the data resulted in three main findings: (1) holding an ICT training certificate did not have a significant impact on the implementation of new technologies in distance education; (2) support from local education authorities was an important factor of the transition to online teaching; and (3) Greek teachers did not feel fully prepared to teach online.

TEACHING AND LEARNING ENGLISH AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN UKRAINE THROUGH PANDEMICS AND WARTIME

The study aimed to analyse online English teaching and learning experience in higher education institutions in Ukraine through pandemics and wartime. To answer our research questions, we employed a mixed-method research design, which considered social, methodological and emotional aspects of education. We conducted quantitative research to collect data on the experience of Ukrainian university teachers of English (N=100) and students (N=277) related to the emergency caused by pandemics and wartime. The qualitative data sources included online interviews and written comments of the participants. The main findings were as follows: teachers experienced challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic such as lack of interaction with students, and unawareness of effective teaching methods in the digital environment. The wartime challenges included: air raids and power outages and, consequently, disrupted communication and isolation, stress and sense of insecurity, excessive workload, with students experiencing technical issues, air raids and communication problems as well as large amount of homework, no access to the software, inconvenient schedule, and their own unwillingness. To solve the problems, teachers introduced an online synchronous mode during the COVID-19 pandemic, supported by blended and asynchronous modes which was a transformational period to teaching and learning English during wartime. The most common among the learning platforms and applications were Zoom and Google Classroom, as well as Moodle, MS Teams, YouTube, and Classtime, listed by both university teachers and students. Social networks such as Telegram, Viber, Facebook etc. were widely used too. To conclude, the COVID-19 pandemic caused Ukrainian teachers and students master new tools to use at online lessons of English, during wartime the demand on already familiar tools, as well as the range of them, increased as they provided more interaction. Considering emotional aspects, the study revealed disturbing data on teachers’ well-being: nearly 50% confessed that they were burned out and emotionally devastated, close to 40% were tired and pushed themselves to continue teaching. Despite these challenges, the majority were able to find solutions in conflict situations with students and colleagues, two-thirds were sure that their work was even more important during the wartime and they found ways to provide emotional support to their students needed in the times of war.

EXPLORING INFORMAL STATISTICAL INFERENCE IN EARLY STATISTICS: A LEARNING TRAJECTORY FOR THIRD-GRADE STUDENTS

Recent research suggests the benefits of supporting a progressive understanding of concepts of inference prior to the teaching of procedures and formal calculations through the study of informal statistical inference (ISI). To contribute to the growing knowledge about the early learning and teaching of statistics, particularly regarding the development of informal inferential reasoning (IIR), we designed a learning trajectory (LT) that addresses ISI in K–4 students (ages 5 to 9 years). This article describes part of the LT in detail, in which third-grade students (n = 12) were introduced to sampling, frequency distribution, randomness and sampling variation as well as to developing a data sense in online lessons. The results of this type of teaching show that the creation and collection of authentic data in a playful context, together with an exploratory analysis of the data as a precursor to utilizing aspects specific to IIR, promoted the integration progress of IIR components in the oral and written informal inferences of students.

The Investigation of the Attitudes of Preservice Pre-School Teachers Towards Distance Education

This descriptive survey study was conducted to determine the attitudes of pre-service pre-school teachers towards distance education. 181 pre-service teachers studying at Sinop University and Nigde Omer Halisdemir University Preschool Education Program in the 2020-2021 academic year participated in the study. The Personal Information Form and the Attitudes Towards Distance Education Scale were used as the data collection tools. The pre-service teachers to be included in the study were selected using the convenience sampling method. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data on personal characteristics and pre-service pre-school teachers’ attitudes towards distance education. The t-test was used to determine whether the attitudes of the pre-service teachers towards distance education differ according to the university they study at, technological tool with which students follow the online lessons, and convenience of the environment in which students follow the online lessons; Mann Whitney U test to determine whether it differs according to gender and having internet connection at home; the ANOVA was used to determine whether it differs according to grade level. The results revealed that the attitudes of the pre-service pre-school teachers towards distance education were at a moderate level. As a result of the research, it was found that the technological tool with which students follow the online lessons, and the convenience of the environment in which students follow the online lessons showed a significant difference in the total attitude scores of the pre-service teachers towards distance education; ıt was found that the university they study at, gender, grade level and having an internet connection at home did not show a significant difference.

Un salto nel mondo digitale. Un progetto condiviso e multimediale per l’apprendimento della lingua tedesca

A Leap into the Digital World: A Shared, Multimedia Project in German Language Acquisition. The German saying “jumping into cold water” means that you find yourself in a new situation with no forewarning. Being thrown into the digital universe by the pandemic was similar, but after taking the first few steps and looking for new ideas and useful tools, we discovered various interactive tools which made online lessons more creative. This article illustrates the design, planning and realization of a collective project in 2020 at the University of Bologna Language Centre, using the application Bookcreator. The proposed assignment is part of the traditional curriculum in A1 German courses: learning how to present oneself to others. Transferring the assignment from paper to an online context enriched the whole task and allowed the participants to use a combination of different media. This method stimulated digital storytelling, the narration by means of digital tools, and resulted in the creation of an e-book. This project shows that digital tools can be used not only to convey linguistic notions, but also to increase motivation, autonomy and creativity in experimenting with language.

ELECTRONIC SUPPORT OF HIGHER EDUCATION SEEKERS IN THE PROCESS OF THEIR PRACTICAL TRAINING

In the era of digitalization of all social life spheres, especially educational environment, wide using of distance and blended learning technologies the process of students’ practical training at higher education institutions demands creating the system of electronic support. The article deals with the demonstration of changing practice paper reporting documents into their electronic analogues as well as it deals with the analysis of its consequences. Thus, a diary of psychological and pedagogical observations should be substituted with a blog. Drafts of lesson plans or upbringing events can be submitted in the form of PDF files, PPT presentations, online lesson records etc. In the research process, theoretical methods were used (analysis, comparison, generalization and systematization of information obtained during the study of scientific literature), as well as practical methods (a survey of students and teachers was conducted regarding the convenience, effectiveness and feasibility of practice electronic reporting). The research aims at proving the expediency of switching to practice electronic reporting and implementation of electronic support reasonability of students of higher education institutions in the period of their practical training. The study of the effectiveness and expediency of electronic support for the practical training of education acquires took place during four academic years. Survey results, including students and academic staff, have shown that moving to practice electronic reporting provides conditions for information to be submitted in different forms, creates opportunities for commenting blog notes, interchanging experience among students, setting dynamic students’ feedback. Using MOODLE system for educational process gives an opportunity to realize student’s activity due to individual educational approach as well as to provide an opportunity for group and collective interaction. A system of electronic courses was created in accordance with the specialties and types of practice of students according to the curricula. Ensuring the high-quality use of modern information technologies depends on the participants’ access to appropriate technical means and the Internet, as well as the level of their digital literacy.

Learning Speaking Problems in Online Learning During Covid-19 Outbreak for ESP Learners

Because of the pandemic, Indonesian government implemented new policies in the education system. Previously, education and training took place in the luring situation on a regular basis, particularly in higher education institutions, and now it is entirely daring. The current study aims to examine students' issues in speaking for ESP contexts during the COVID-19 circumstance when they were learning the English language by the online situation. The descriptive qualitative design was used in this study. The information was gathered using questionnaire in the help of Google form media and also interviews with 40 students from the fourth semester of the Management Informatics Diploma Major at Piksi Input Serang Polytechnic in Banten. Based on this study, the research findings highlighted a variety of issues for students. Six issues emerged during distance learning in the Speaking course. The first issue that arose was students' learning equipment and supporting facilities. The second issue was dealing with students' accessibility restrictions to Online Video Conference. The third issue was students' concerns on the lecturer's materials during an online lesson. The fourth issue was the students' approach to completing the lecturer's task or assignment. The use of online streaming videos as a media of learning resources also had a role in the fifth and final issue that emerged during distance learning amid COVID-19 pandemic situations is students' limited cell signal and internet quota. The findings can be used to further enhance and improve online teaching and learning techniques. Further research into how students deal with obstacles is encouraged.

Communication and Engagement at an Online Russian as a Foreign Language Lesson: Finding Solutions Based on the RuTOC Corpus

The article deals with the current problems of organizing pedagogical interaction in a synchronous online lesson, which concern the criterion of students’ involvement. It offers an alternative view of pedagogical communication from the point of view of multimodal linguistics, which takes into account the semiotic component of online interaction of participants of the educational process. Due to the impossibility to broadcast online the same amount of non-verbal means of communication as in the classroom, and changing the parameter of visibility to its digital format, the search for possible compensatory means of communication has been intensified. Particular attention is paid to the applied aspects of the problem, namely the search for possible solutions based on the RuTOC corpus of online lessons in Russian as a foreign language: that is, what communicative strategies and non-verbal ways of interaction on the part of the teacher can contribute to greater involvement of students in the learning process due to its optimization and greater efficiency. Examples of visible interaction correlating with the principle of visibility in teaching Russian as a foreign language are given.

Development of Hands-on Online Lesson for Adults of Making Drink Bags by Upcycling Old Umbrella Fabrics

Development of Hands-on Online Lesson for Adults of Making Drink Bags by Upcycling Old Umbrella Fabrics