Interactive Online Platform Research Articles

Involving Risk Reduction Practitioners and Other Experts in the Management of Super-Catastrophes via an Online Interactive Platform

Super-catastrophes that lead to extensive disruption and loss amplification are frequently due to domino effects crossing natural, technological, and socio-economic systems. Although secondary effects of natural disasters are often considered in official hazard assessment platforms (e.g., landslides following earthquakes, storm surges), the main catalysts of long chains-of-events, which are network failure and business interruption, are generally not. This is partly due to the difficulty in handling complex and systemic situations. Yet in an increasingly interdependent world, crisis management requires foresight with the ability to consider those secondary effects. Such an ability can be brought in using interactive numerical tools. We have developed an online interactive platform for the pre-assessment phase of super-catastrophes based on Markov chain theory. The tool is centered on the elaboration of a transition matrix of event interactions, from which domino effects can be modeled and ranked in the background. Risk practitioners and other experts first list hazardous events, which are then populated in the matrix in both rows (trigger events) and columns (target events). As the square matrix grows, the platform’s users indicate which events can directly trigger another event in a binary approach. With enough participants, those binary decisions turn into weighted rules of interactions. In the process, the participants may discover missing links and update the matrix accordingly. To cover the full space of possibilities, three categories of events are systematically considered: natural, technological, and socio-economic. A group of experts can generate a transition matrix to explore the concept of super-catastrophe in general or to draw up possible crisis scenarios for decision-makers at any level of a territory (from a city to a country). Use of such a tool in practical situations, its integration into the management of prevention, planning for potential crisis situations, and training are discussed. Particular attention is given to the ability of this platform to help decision making within the context of a crisis unit with the need for quick evaluations.

Designing and delivering representation-focused science lessons in a digital learning environment

Inquiry-based representation-focused approaches in science education have shown promising outcomes when students engage in knowledge building via an active process of constructing, coordinating, and evaluating representations. To date, much of the existing research around these approaches has taken place in pre-digital classrooms, but the increasing importance of digital technologies in contemporary science classrooms that has heightened during the on-going Covid pandemic could have ramifications for such approaches. To explore the potential for productive integration of a digital technology with active learning processes, this study investigated the role an interactive online learning platform played in supporting the construction and refinement of representations by students. This paper draws on research generated in the context of an Australian Grade 9 science class studying a physics unit focused on energy transfer considerations for sustainable housing. The research design featured an exploratory case study approach using multiple methods for data collection including video capture, interviews, and student artefacts. Data analysis involved the application of socio-semiotic perspectives to understand the nature of students’ meaning-making processes through their generation and coordination of both digital and non-digital multimodal representations. This study found that the online platform allowed for extended access and the flexible use of multimodal resources facilitated students’ representation construction activities. However, activities involving teacher-guided discussions and ongoing feedback were limited. The socio-semiotic analysis provided insights into the effective design of online learning sequences to guide conceptual development. This paper concludes by suggesting how specific affordances of interactive online platforms can effectively facilitate the design and delivery of active learning approaches involving representation construction.

No News is Bad News: Strategic Disclosure on Online Interactive Platforms

No News is Bad News: Strategic Disclosure on Online Interactive Platforms

Lifestyle-based health awareness using digital gadgets and online interactive platforms

With the transforming world, awareness of lifestyle-based variation is necessary. The availability of the locally available network and smart devices like wearable health devices (WHDs) based on artificial intelligence (AI) technology prompted us to learn about the disease, its causes, spreads, and precautions. Socioeconomic, environmental and behavioural factors, international travel and migration foster and increase the spread of communicable diseases. Vaccine-preventable, foodborne, zoonotic, healthcare-related and communicable diseases pose significant threats to human health and may sometimes threaten international health security. On the other hand, non-communicable diseases, also known as chronic diseases, are more prolonged. It could be the cause of different factors like genetic, environmental, behavioural or physiological disturbances. Smart wearables help to keep these diseases in check through different sensors installed in them. They can check for the difference in body function, but they can also help the needy consult the physician or practitioner. The data collected from these devices can also check the current health status when compiled with data collected practically. Organizations viz., World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) work collaboratively, leading global efforts to expand health coverage. WHO keeps the nation safe through connecting its people on the health and awareness interactive platforms, and FDA promotes public health through supervision and control, defending its role in human health and services.

Pandemic Information Dissemination and Its Associations With the Symptoms of Mental Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study.

BackgroundThe 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic has added to the mental health strain on individuals and groups across the world in a variety of ways. Viral mitigation protocols and viral spread affect people on all continents every day, but at widely different degrees. To understand more about the mental health consequences of the pandemic, it is important to investigate whether or how people gather pandemic-related information and how obtaining this information differentially affects individuals.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether and to what extent higher levels of COVID-19–related media consumption across information sources are associated with the symptoms of anxiety, health anxiety, and depression, and whether and to what extent using social media and online interactive platforms versus traditional media platforms is associated with the symptoms of anxiety, health anxiety, and depression. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether and to what extent avoidance of COVID-19–related information is associated with the aforementioned symptoms.MethodsIn a cross-sectional preregistered survey, 4936 participants responded between June 22 and July 13, 2020. Eligible participants were adults currently residing in Norway and were thus subjected to identical viral mitigation protocols. This sample was representative of the Norwegian population after utilizing an iterative raking algorithm to conduct poststratification. As 2 subgroups (transgender and intersex individuals) were too small to be analyzed, the final sample for descriptive statistics and regressions included 4921 participants. Multiple regressions were used to investigate associations between the symptoms of psychopathology and COVID-19–related information dissemination. Part correlations were calculated as measures of the effect size for each predictor variable. Due to the large anticipated sample size, the preregistered criterion for significance was set at P<.01.ResultsThe symptoms of anxiety and health anxiety were significantly associated with obtaining information from newspapers (P<.001), social media (P<.001), and the broader categories of online interactive (P<.001) and traditional media (P<.001). The symptoms of depression were significantly associated with obtaining information from newspapers (P=.003), social media (P=.009), and the broader category of online interactive media (P<.001). Additionally, avoidance of COVID-19–related information showed a significant association in all 3 domains of psychopathological symptoms (anxiety and depression, P<.001; health anxiety, P=.007).ConclusionsThis study found significant associations between the symptoms of psychopathology and the use of media for obtaining information related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Significant findings for obtaining information through newspapers, social media, and online interactive media were seen across all 3 measures of psychopathology. Avoidance of COVID-19–related information and associations with the symptoms of psychopathology emerged as core findings, with generally higher effect sizes compared with information attainment.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04442360; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04442360

Affirmation of Unhu as Reflected in Selected Manyika Proverbs

Unhu/ubuntu is one of the important mainstays of black communities in Southern Africa. It emphasizes the connectedness of people and the need for them to work together and sustains families thus ensuring their continued existence. This paper thus argues that the vanhu/abantu (people) of the sub-region have employed proverbs among other ways to ensure that unhu keeps people going even when faced with daunting challenges. It asserts that through the use of some of these aspects of living heritage in the form of expressions like proverbs, unhu has been, and continues to be affirmed. Through an analysis of some proverbs of the Manyika, especially those of the Tangwena people on the border with Mozambique, by employing the speech act theory, this paper discusses how through proverbial lore the Manyika have buttressed and affirmed unhu in their communities, primarily among their children. The paper concludes by emphasizing that such gems of intangible cultural heritage need to be vigorously preserved, promoted and safeguarded through various means that include radio and online interactive platforms.

Readiness in using online interactive platforms for remote teaching

Technological advances offer a new shift of change for society. In this era, it is almost impossible to come by without its help. The Malaysian government has invested highly in information and communications technology (ICT) for online teaching and learning at the current time. Digital technologies have been integrated into the teaching and learning process in almost all public or private schools in Malaysia. The use of multimedia tools has enabled learners to understand difficult concepts or ideas and different types of learning preferences. The purpose of the study is to identify pre-service teachers’ perceptions towards using online teaching platforms as a mode of teaching tool in carrying out service-learning in the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. Survey research was carried out on 94 final-year pre-service teachers from diploma in teaching english as a second language. Findings revealed that pre-service teachers had shown positive perceptions of online teaching platforms for remote teaching. Findings had also shown that pre-service teachers preferred blended learning by combining both classroom and online teaching over traditional classrooms per se.

Deep learning‐driven distributed communication systems for cluster online educational platform considering human–computer interaction

SummaryThe wireless network environment has become increasingly complex, diverse, and dynamic. In recent years, the introduction of new concepts such as green networks and smart networks has diversified the optimization objectives of the spectrum resource management. Under this background, this paper proposes the novel deep learning‐driven distributed communication systems for cluster online educational platform considering human–computer interaction. Before the modeling, the literature review and the state‐of‐the‐art methodologies are introduced. For the framework design, first, the novel distributed communication system is designed considering the integration of the Q‐learning under the deep neural network structure. Then, the cluster computing model is integrated for the system to enhance the robustness. Later, the human–computer interaction together with the movement tracking models is proposed to finalize the interactive online platform. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can extract the information accurately, and transmission efficiency is guaranteed. Compared with the latest platforms, the proposed outperforms from the aspects of accuracy and efficiency.

968 Delivering Human Factors and Non-Technical Skills Training Using Interactive Online Platforms in the COVID Era

Abstract Aim To evaluate the impact and effectiveness of an interactive online human factors (HF) and non-technical skills (NTS) course delivered to Core Surgical Trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic Method A 1-day HF and NTS course was conducted online, using the Zoom platform, to Core Surgical Trainees in the North West. The course consisted of interactive lectures, small group teaching sessions, and self-directed learning with written reflections. Pre- and post-course surveys were administered, evaluating the participants’ awareness, knowledge and skills using a 5-part Likert scale, along with a multiple-choice assessment of knowledge. Statistical analysis was undertaken with significance considered at p &amp;lt; 0.05 Results The course was attended by 63 CT1/2 participants, representing all surgical specialties. In the post-course evaluation, participants’ self-rating of awareness and knowledge for both HF and patient safety increased by between 10-20%. There was a significant increase in the mean post-course test score from 7.54 (SD ± 1.7) to 8.65 (SD ± 1.2) out of 10 (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). The course overall was rated relevant and useful (weighted averages 4.4 and 4.5 respectively) Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first time a video conferencing platform has been used to deliver a live HF/NTS course. This study provides evidence supporting the use of such interactive online platforms in postgraduate surgical education. Training and professional development must continue, despite the evolving pressures from COVID-19. Embracing new methods of education delivery is required, with ongoing reporting and evaluation of education practice, sharing lessons learned and informing the evidence base in postgraduate surgical training during this time

Pengembangan Media Interaktif Pengembangan Media Interaktif Berbasis Game Edukasi dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Guru Sekolah Dasar di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

The presence of the Covid-19 Virus in the world has not only changed the learning culture, but has become a new challenge in developing teacher creativity in the teaching and learning process. This conventional learning pattern that has evolved into technology-based distance learning requires teachers to be able to adapt and adapt to the limited learning needs of students during the pandemic. Digital technology tools are currently very developed, but they are enough to help educators to adapt to the diverse learning needs of today's students. So it is necessary to use the right learning media in carrying out learning during the pandemic. This training aims to train abilities and skills in increasing the creativity of teachers in using interactive learning media during the pandemic using the Quizizz platform. Quizizz is an interactive game-based online platform that can be used in a fun teaching and learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic by utilizing an Android smartphone. The method used is the lecture method and interactive training by involving the teacher as a simulation model.

Conference Skills in Remote Learning

Abstract: Practising conference skills improves students’ language competence for their future careers and increases their motivation to study a foreign language. The project of a “mock scientific conference” developed at the Language Centre at the Faculty of Science of Masaryk University can be seen as an instance of project-based learning. In the first section of our paper, we discuss individual tasks and activities designed for the students at a postgraduate level, including practice in delivering expert talks, writing abstracts and bionotes, organizing the event and performing various roles, such as chairing sessions and leading discussions. The second chapter is devoted to the adaptation of the originally in-class course to the remote-learning environment. It outlines the modifications needed for achieving a successful online communication and the cooperation of students and establishing a meaningful social interaction. Suggestions for an efficient use of interactive online tools, applications and platforms are given that can be employed in enhancing the writing and speaking skills of students.

Protocol for a Prospective Trial to Assess Novel Contouring Education Interventions for Radiation Oncology Residents Using an Interactive Online Platform

Multiple studies have demonstrated that variations in contouring by radiation oncologists are common and associated with worse clinical outcomes including increased toxicity and decreased survival.1 Some of this variation may be due to lack of a standardized contouring curriculum during residency training. Success of the currently utilized apprenticeship model depends on the expertise and skill of the attending physician, the number and variety of cases encountered during the rotation, and the time available to provide feedback.

Organizing knowledge to enable faster data interpretation in COVID-19 research

Enormous volumes of COVID-19 research data have been published and this continues to increase daily. This creates challenges for researchers to interpret, prioritize and summarize their own findings in the context of published literature, clinical trials, and a multitude of databases. Overcoming the data interpretation bottleneck is vital to help researchers to be more efficient in their quest to identify COVID-19 risk factors, potential treatments, drug side-effects, and much more. As a proof of concept, we have organized and integrated a range of COVID-19 and human biomedical data and literature into a knowledge graph (KG). Here we present the datasets we have integrated so far and the content of the KG which consists of 674,969 biological concepts and over 1.6 million relationships between them. The COVID-19 KG is available via KnetMiner, an interactive online platform for gene discovery and knowledge mining, or via RDF and Neo4j graph formats which can be searched programmatically through SPARQL and Cypher endpoints. KnetMiner is a road mapped ELIXIR UK service. We hope this integrated resource will enable faster data interpretation and discovery of linkages between genes, drugs, diseases and many more types of information relating to COVID-19.

Instagram's Influence on Radiology Today: Reviewing the Evolving Educational Journey from a Hospital to National Societies.

We define social media as an interactive online platform that allows users to communicate and exchange knowledge. Educational and medical profiles have slowly emerged on different social media platforms, helping to teach about and publicize diverse aspects of medicine. Radiology is one of the specialties that could potentially benefit the most from social media, as the radiologist tends to have little outside-the-hospital representation. Progressively, audiovisual content has been gaining ground on social networks: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Youtube, TikTok, etc. Instagram appears to be ideally suited for radiology given its image-based nature. In addition, Instagram can also be used as a tool to help radiologists share and discuss radiological images, improve communication with clinicians and patients, advertise themselves and their specialty, and humanize their profession. Nevertheless, legal matters and privacy issues should always be taken into account when using these tools. In this overview, we describe the development of social networks and communication tools in our own radiology department, focusing especially on our Instagram account, as it has had a wide impact on our hospital and radiology residents around the country. We will also provide a summary of the various social media platforms used for radiology education along with their pros and cons, including useful tips for safe and efficient use.

Effectiveness of interactive dual-mode online platform for teaching and assessment of students during COVID 19 pandemic: Narrative experience and reflections of undergraduate medical students

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the perception of the undergraduate students about the online platform developed, through a long-term, qualitative study. COVID-19 enforced initial lockdown and later closing of educational institutes, including medical colleges in India. The circumstances lead to adoption of online means of teaching for teaching the medical undergraduate students. An interactive dual-mode online platform was introduced for teaching and assessment of undergraduate students in our institute also. Materials and Methods: Narrative experiences and reflections of students while attending online classes through the designed and delivered “interactive dual-mode online platform” were collected through open ended, anonymous Google forms. Results: Students were satisfied with the online learning as a stop-gap arrangement. Although they were facing technical snags and internet issues, they were happy that their syllabus was being covered and they were receiving formative assessment, in whatever quantity and mode possible. However, they were concerned about the lack of clinical training. Conclusion: To tide over crisis period, online teaching can be used, but one should shift to onsite teaching as soon as possible, particularly for medical students.

Knowledge, Risk Perception, and Preventive Measures of COVID-19 among Medical and Nursing students in Samoa: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Objectives: There has been unprecedented spread and re-evolving of the SARS-COV-2 throughout the world with the emergence of new strains of the virus. This study investigated the knowledge, risk perception and preventive measures of COVID-19 among Medical and Nursing Students in Samoa. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from August to October 2020 at the NUS. The study was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire, which was distributed on specific social media and interactive online platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp and Moodle groups of Medical and Nursing students. A total of 75 students participated in this study. Results: About 88% of the study subjects were knowledgeable about COVID-19 and majority of them were females. 71% of the students were aware of early diagnosis of COVID-19. There was also a significant level (p=0.003) of association of COVID-19 in persons with underlying conditions and students’ academic levels, depicting that a greater percentage (92%) of the participants' perceived adults above age 65 and individuals in the high-risk groups (diabetic, hypertensive and cancer patients) were more prone to COVID-19. Most of the students (95%) stated that observing basic safety precautions; sneezing and coughing into the elbow (86%), regular hand washing with soap and water (89%), observing personal hygiene and social distancing (84%) and frequent use of hand sanitizers (76%), could prevent the contraction of COVID-19. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that medical and nursing students, who are future frontline healthcare workers in Samoa, showed a considerable level of knowledge, risk perception and preventive behaviour towards COVID-19. Additionally updating the students’ knowledge about the diagnosis and case management of COVID-19 is imperative when implementing proper preventive strategies to curtail the spread of the disease.

Monitoring of dynamic wetland changes using NDVI and NDWI based landsat imagery

Recent initiatives using the GIS tools for mapping and analysis of wetland dynamics bring the hope for an effective wetland management. Degraded or modified wetlands are more sensitive and less resilient to the climate change. This paper focusses on a study of water bodies in Sirmaur District, Uttarakhand, India with the special focus on Renuka wetland. The Renuka wetland, a Ramsar site is affected by global warming, floods and storms and changes due to precipitation. The updated or accurate maps and spatial and temporal changes of Renuka wetland are not available. Only the details about the flora and fauna have been recorded in this region. Traditional methods in mapping and monitoring, like field survey and sampling, are usually labour intensive, time consuming, and expensive and often fail to detect the changes over the regions of wetland zones. The present study is carried using the online interactive cloud-based planetary processing open source platform, Google Earth Engine (GEE). The wetland maps considered are Landsat 7 and 8 images with cloud cover less than 30% during the summer (May) and winter (September) seasons. The suitability index is also calculated based on the area and perimeter of the water body in study region to demonstrate the characteristic change of Renuka wetland over the selected time period. The missing data of NDVI and NDWI is fitted using the harmonic time series and the resultant map with the supervised classification Random Forest shows a high overall accuracy of 90% with a reasonable Kappa coefficient of 0.8. Using the Global Water Occurrence Explorer, the water changes intensity and the seasonality water change over the wetland for the period of 1984–2019 are studied. The results showed the significant insight into the changes over the study region in terms of pixel range with the presence of water and the change in locations in terms of seasonality and persistence.

Effectiveness of the Interactive Perusall Platform in Developing Critical Reading Skills of Middle School Students

The current study aimed to determine the effectiveness of employing the interactive online platform Perusall in developing the critical reading skills of seventh grade students in the State of Qatar. To achieve the goal of the study, the researchers applied a questionnaire to curriculum and teaching methods experts in order to determine critical reading skills appropriate for seventh graders, and then apply the critical reading test to measure six skills: interpretation skill, cause-effect skill, the skill of detecting the author’s bias and prejudice, and reading evaluation skill. The study sample consisted of (36) students from the seventh grade. They were divided into groups: the experimental group included (18) students and the control group included of (18) students. The subject unit was taught the experimental group students using the Perusall interactive platform. The subject unit was also taught to the control group students using the common traditional school method.The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences in the critical reading skills test between the experimental group and the control group in favor of the experimental group that used the Perusall platform in teaching. Through the findings, the researchers recommended conducting similar studies on a sample larger than the current study. They also recommended using Perusall platform to develop critical writing skills. Keywords: Interactive platforms, Perusall, Critical Reading Skills DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-18-03 Publication date: June 30 th 2021

Efficacy analysis of a remote symptom management platform.

1566 Background: Quality of life of cancer patients is a critical part of cancer care. Symptom management is evolving as a multidisciplinary approach, and is increasingly delivered through a combination of physical and remote interactions. CareAcross is an online platform offering personalized, guidelines-based support to cancer patients, that complements physicians’ support and enables remote monitoring. This analysis investigated the improvement in the quality of life of cancer patients delivered through such remote support. Methods: Patients engage with an online interactive platform to receive personalized support based on a variety of parameters, through algorithms incorporating their exact diagnoses, treatments and comorbidities, and more. For symptom management, patients report the presence of specific side-effects via brief questionnaires; for each side-effect reported, they receive tailored support (text and multimedia) to help overcome it. These online questionnaires are repeated periodically to capture the outcome of the supportive process, and provide additional support as necessary. A retrospective analysis evaluated the efficacy of the personalized support: each patient’s reported side-effects were compared before versus after receiving the support, hence calculating the reduced incidence. Results: 2203 patients from 8 countries, with breast, lung, prostate or colorectal cancer (1563, 404, 159 and 77, respectively) reported side-effects, received support, and updated their reports at least once. The median follow-up period was 4.9 months. The patient-reported outcomes on their quality of life revealed substantial improvement, regardless of cancer type (lowest recorded improvement = 25.7%). Commonly reported side-effects included sleep problems, dry mouth, constipation, changes in food taste, and more (see Table). Side-effects reported in specific cancer types also showed substantial improvement, including hot flushes (breast; 32.0% improvement), dyspnea (lung; 38.1%), bowel dysfunction (prostate; 80%) and others. The efficacy of the support to breast, prostate or colorectal cancer patients was similar; support to lung cancer patients exhibited the lowest efficacy (p &lt; 0.05). Fatigue was the most common side-effect. It was also the most resistant to improvement compared to all others (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Digital remote support of cancer patients is a realistic option to improve quality of life. Randomized controlled trials can help quantify its impact on health economics, hospital admissions, resource utilization, and other aspects.[Table: see text]

Multifactorial analysis of cancer patients’ willingness for COVID-19 vaccination.

12062 Background: Public health authorities advocate vaccinations for the general population, including cancer patients and survivors. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, its vaccine has been eagerly awaited, but the extent of cancer patients’ willingness to get vaccinated is not clear. As health promotion is crucial for these individuals, it is important to measure and analyze their willingness to receive the vaccine. Methods: A few days after the regulatory approval for the first COVID-19 vaccine, the CareAcross online interactive platforms were used to evaluate the willingness of patients to get vaccinated. Through an online survey, within a few hours, 1106 cancer patients selected either “Yes, I plan to get the vaccine” or “No, I will not get the vaccine”. The patients were from the UK, Germany, France, Spain or Italy; they had been diagnosed with breast, lung, prostate or colorectal cancer. Their responses were analyzed to determine how their cancer diagnosis (including date, metastatic status, and other aspects), and their country of origin, affected their reported willingness to get vaccinated. Results: Overall, 70.6% of patients indicated willingness to get the vaccine (WTV), and 29.4% reported the opposite (NWTV). The strongest determinant of WTV was the patient’s country of origin: patients in the UK, Spain, Italy, Germany and France reported WTV of 84.1%, 64.2%, 58.7%, 47.4% and 38.3%, respectively. The next strongest determinant was the time elapsed since the patient’s diagnosis: for the largest population with available diagnosis date (451 UK patients), the average time since diagnosis for patients with WTV vs NWTV was: breast, 3.5 vs 2.5 years; lung, 1.6 vs 1.4 years; prostate, 2.4 vs 3.3 years; colorectal, 1.9 vs 1.5 years. Among patients from other countries with available diagnosis date: as the time since diagnosis increased, among 148 Italian patients WTV gradually increased; among 94 Spanish patients, WTV substantially decreased; among 85 French patients, WTV gradually decreased; among 50 German patients, WTV substantially increased. There was no significant correlation of WTV percentages with cancer type; metastatic status; triple negative vs non-triple negative among breast cancer patients; non-small cell vs small cell among lung cancer patients. Conclusions: Despite long-standing efforts of the scientific community for health promotion through the COVID-19 vaccine, a substantial percentage of cancer patients reported no willingness to get vaccinated. This appeared to depend on each patient’s country of origin, and the time elapsed since their diagnosis. This patient input was collected shortly after the first vaccine’s approval. With increasing evidence of efficacy and safety through more vaccinations of citizens and patients, willingness is expected to increase. We are in the process of conducting a follow-up survey to track these changes and update the results to be reportable during ASCO.