Online Charging Research Articles

Charge Management through Process Analyzers

Modern automation solutions for papermaking wet end is a nice example how to utilize process analyzer as part of the machine controls. By wet end management we aim to have stable total and ash consistencies. drainage properties of the headbox suspension. and basic chemistryin paper machine short circulation. Stability is very important, because it's directly connected to paper machine runnability as well as to quality of produced paper. The level and variation of charge have a considerable effect on process status and operation. On-line charge measurement provides valuable information about the wet end chemistry of the paper machine. It is possible to perform charge contgrolbased on measurement by charge analyzer kajaaniCATi. The control provides many benefits for the papermaker. The benefits are process information, stability of process. runnability of papermachine and economical and effective use of chemicals.

抄紙機操業安定のための最新ウェットエンド・コンセプト オンライン・チャージ分析

Over ten years of experience with on-line charge demand analysis has shown that measurements conducted in white water frequently fail to produce meaningful results. One reason. among others, is that white water contains different charge carriers, such as fines, fillers and colloidally dissolved anionic material. In addition, charge carriers that are neutralized upstream from the white water basin escape detection at this particular sampling point. In view of the ongoing trend towards more complex retention aid systems and the increased use of recovered waste paper furnishes, charge measurements in white water are losing importance. Instead, on-line charge measurements should be performed at the source of anionic trash. for example coated broke, TMP or DIP. Another likely measuring point is after the addition of a chemical aid into the thick or thin consistency stock.

Full-Text Delivery

In 1994, the University of Michigan entered into partnership with UMI and HW Wilson to provide access to full-text imaged articles from approximately 600 journals, linking them with the Wilson indexes in the Library's online catalog, MIRLYN. The project has implemented distributed printing, online charging capabilities, and the development of matching algorithms to map images from one vendor to journal index citations from another. This presentation will cover the current status of the project, lessons learned, and future directions.

Internal medicine consultation via the information superhighway.

On-line computer consultation provides an excellent medium by which specialists and general practitioners can communicate to share information. Networks of veterinarians are available on the internet as well as through several on-line service companies. Some of the advantages of on-line consultation include access to the collective wisdom of thousands of veterinarians, better communication through discontinuous interchange on a flexible schedule, rapid response time to requests for information, and better client service through continuing education and improved patient care. Disadvantages include the cost of computer equipment and on-line charges, user computer phobia, and drawbacks common to all types of long distance consultation such as the inability of consultants to physically examine the patient. Overall, the advantages far outweight the disadvantages. On-line veterinary information exchange will continue to expand and will play an even more important role in knowledge transfer in the 21st century.

On-line charging=Increased revenue

Although the new ED charge system is not perfect, it has resulted in improved charging for services delivered; this increase in correct charges has more than offset the resources to develop the entire tracking system project within 1 year. This is one example in which computerization paid for itself, which should help ED managers justify computerization of their departments. It is hoped that more effective charge systems will occur as a component of the computerized patient record in which the patient charge is calculated on the basis of preset formulas for the amount of resources utilized, thus eliminating subjectivity in charging. With the capture of all services rendered, evaluation of practice patterns and outcomes would allow the ED staff to identify effective treatment regimens. Hopefully, unnecessary tests or treatments can be eliminated to promote a decrease in resource utilization and costs without compromising quality patient care.

A clinical librarian program in the intensive care unit.

Clinical decision-making in the intensive care setting frequently requires the physician to obtain additional resource information. Physicians typically consult with colleagues, use personal medical books or files, or use library materials. Clinical librarians may also be used. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an ongoing clinical librarian program in the intensive care setting. During a 3-month period, house officers in the medical and coronary ICUs in a major teaching hospital asked the clinical librarian 66 patient-care questions. Attached to the information selected by the clinical librarian was a questionnaire asking how the information was applied. There was an overall response rate of 65.1%. House officers indicated that the information: a) aided in diagnosis (37.2%), b) contributed to a better understanding of the therapy (51.2%), and c) resulted in improved patient management (30.2%). In some instances, the information was multibeneficial. The clinical librarian spent an average of 47 mins/question, and accumulated an average computer charge of $3.59. Personnel and on-line charges over the 3-month study period averaged $45/question. Clinical librarian programs may deliver patient-specific information in a timely, cost-effective manner. This information has an impact in the intensive care setting.

EBSCO'sSerials Directory:

Librarians may choose from print, online and CDROM formats when purchasing EBSCO's Serials Directory. Subject. access to serials titles and extensive bibliographic descriptions give the print and CD-ROM formats particular value as reference tools. Bibliographic authority, currency, access points and user aids for all three formats meet high standards. While each format has unique advantages depending on a library's size, mission and budget, the preferred choice for many libraries is EBSCO-CD. It is a versatile reference and serials management tool; it provides multiple access points to EBSCO's database without incurring online charges; and users may design customized outputs.

Cost effectiveness of on-line searching of chemical information: an industrial viewpoint.

Cost comparisons and the cost effectiveness of on-line searching of information are reviewed. Topics discussed include on-line vs. manual searching, charge-out of search costs, efficacy of on-line searching, on-line vs. batch computer searching, vendor system comparisons, networking, searcher productivity, telecommunications, role of the intermediary, search transmission rates and on-line charges, editing of recorded searches, and increasing cost of on-line searching of chemical information.