Onion Varieties Research Articles

A Review of the Prospective Effects of Spacing and Varieties on Onion Yield and Yield Components (Allium cepa L.) in Ethiopia.

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most important commercial vegetable crop widely grown throughout the world. It is also an important bulb crop in Ethiopia. However, its production and productivity are restricted by different factors, including biotic and abiotic stresses. This review investigates the potential impacts of spacing and varieties on onion yield and yield components in Ethiopia. Countries around the world are producing onion for its nutritional value, medicinal properties, minerals, proteins, and carbohydrates. In terms of production, onion ranks second only after tomatoes. The average onion yield in Ethiopia is estimated to be 8.8 tons/ha, while in the world, it is approximately 19.7 tons/ha. Inappropriate spacing and inadequate onion varieties are some of the limitations widely described for yield variation in Ethiopia. Thus, to control the size, shape, and yield of onion bulbs, spacing determination and variety improvement are some of the techniques currently employed in Ethiopia. Adama red, Bombay red, and red creole are some of the known varieties in the country, and the intrarow spacings for Adama red and Bombay red are reported to be 4 cm and 6 cm, respectively. Different spacing between onion plants affects how much they produce and other factors such as size and quality, depending on the variety. It is important to assess whether changing spacing makes sense from both a farming and economic standpoint, alongside considering other agricultural methods.

Influence of Soil Drought on Some Biomorphological Indicators and Allium cepa L. Varieties Performance

In the article in 2020-2022, locally improved onion varieties Govsan and Sabir, depending on irrigation regimes (normal watering - 12 times, control, 8 times - hard mode, 4 times - acute mode) during the growing season, some biomorphological indicators - height plants. the number of leaves, the mass of the aerial part, the mass of leaves, “false” stems, roots and bulbs, the length and diameter of the bulbs, the bulb index - and the results of changes in the amount of total wet biomass and plant productivity. light bulbs are presented. It has been shown that biomorphological changes in different onion varieties manifest themselves differently depending on the growth phases and irrigation regime. Artificial soil drought negatively affects the biomorphological parameters of the studied varieties (with the exception of roots, i. e. soil drought does not have a serious effect on the mass of roots) and as a result, the productivity of both varieties decreases, but this decrease is higher in the locally improved variety Govsan than in the relatively drought-resistant Sabir variety. happens. It was found that in the locally improved variety Govsan in acute mode the amount of total wet biomass decreased by 41.3-49.5%, and the weight of the bulbs - by 33.6-52% compared to the control, and in the variety Sabir - which is more stable to drought, these indicators decreased by 20.2 and amounted to 40.2% and 26.5-38.4%. In this regard, the hard regime occupies an intermediate position, that is, in this regime, soil drought does not significantly affect the onion yield, and the yield loss is 7.2-29.6% in Locally Improved Govsan, and 3.2-25% in Sabira. Therefore, in the economic regions of Mil-Mugan and Karabakh, where onions are grown, if there is a serious water shortage in the summer months, it is enough to water this plant 8 times instead of 12, which allows you to save a significant amount. irrigation water (at least 2000 m3/ha).

Phytochemical profile of onion (Allium cepa) var. aggregatum: Comparative study of TNAU varieties with a local indigenous

Aggregatum onion (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum Don.) is widely grown and consumed in southern India. Present study was carried during 2020–23 at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu to map the metabolites and other dietary nutrients contributing to nutraceutical potentials between indigenous varieties and aggregatum onions varieties of Tamil Nadu. Experiment consisted of Co (On) 5 and Co (On) 6 (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University released varieties) and an indigenous variety from Perambalur (PL), Tamil Nadu. In the present study, metabolites of all the 3 varieties were mapped with the GCMS/MS, and the PL was shown to have high phytonutrients with health benefits. Further, in UHPLC, quercetin was identified with a sharp, well resolved symmetrical peak for all the three onion varieties with the retention time of 64.5, 65.5 and 64.5 min respectively. The Co (On) 6 is the improved variety of Co (On) 5 with a quercetin content of 75.05 ± 0.30 mg/kg, followed by PL (11.11 ± 0.51 mg/kg). However, the native cultivar PL (4.52 ± 0.15 mg/kg) has the highest anthocyanin content followed by Co (On) 6 (4.00 ± 0.10 mg/kg). This study therefore, provides preliminary information on metabolites and phenolics in the selected onion varieties of Tamil Nadu.

Post-harvest Storage Losses Study in Onion Genotypes

The study was conducted at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur during Rabi season 2021-22 with the objective to study the storage losses in various varieties of onion and identify those varieties with a good storage life. The experimental material consisted of 15 onion genotypes from different locations in India. Observations on physiological loss in weight, rotting and sprouting percentage were recorded at fortnight level upto 90 days. Variety and storage time had significant effect on weight loss, sprouting and rotting. Overall, during the three months of storage period, minimum physiological loss in weight was observed in LC-1 (5.80%) which was statistically at par with LC-2 (6.05%), Patna Red (6.20%), Bhima Shakti (6.21%), Agrifound Light Red (6.54%) and NHRDF local (6.83%). The minimum rotting was observed in LC-1 (13.32%) which was statistically at par with LC-2 (14.73%). Sprouting was not observed throughout the storage period in any of the genotypes. LC-1, LC-2, Patna Red and Bhima Shakti had good storage as compared to other genotypes. These genotypes can be explored in the breeding programmes for production of high yielding varieties with good storage potential.

Assessment of genetic diversity and stability performance of 38 genotypes of onion (Allium cepa L.)

ABSTRACT The current study was conducted at four different locations in India in order to evaluate the genetic diversity and stability of 38 genotypes of onion (Allium cepa L.) under various climatic circumstances. The genetic diversity was evaluated through cluster analysis which divided thirty-eight genotypes into two major clusters (cluster I and cluster II) each of which had 20 and 18 genotypes. As per Additive Main-effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model, five genotypes from cluster I, namely Accession (Acc.) 1217, 1209, Bhima Shweta, 1639, and 1640 were shown to have greater adaptation, with regressive values of 0.14, 0.74, 1.51, 2.11, and 2.17, respectively and marketable yields ranging from 176.23–227.31 q/ha. The mean performance of genotypes in individual clusters revealed that the cluster I and cluster II genotypes showed maximum marketable yield, total yield and average bulb weight. Based on the findings of the assessment study, these stable genotypes could be utilised as parent plants in future breeding programmes to develop high-yielding onion varieties that not only showcase stability but also possess widespread adaptability, thereby enhancing overall onion crop performance.

Onion Varieties (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Test With Application Of Several Kinds Microbia Consortium Its Influence On Growth and Yield

Shallots are one of the horticultural commodities that Indonesian people need. The use of bacterial consortia in shallot cultivation is expected to be useful for increasing soil fertility due to soil biochemical processes. This research aims to determine the effect of applying a microbial consortium from several products to the growth and yield of several shallot varieties. This research was carried out using a Split Plot Design with a split plot method which consists of two factors, namely: 1. Red onion variety, (V1: local rubber variety; V2: white local variety; V3: local Javanese varieties), 2. Types of decomposing plants (microbial consortium), : (P0: Control; P1: M21; P2: EM4; P3: Beka Decomposer). The research results showed: (1) The variety test showed very significant plant height, number of leaves, fresh stover weight, dry stover weight, tuber diameter, fresh tuber weight per bunch, tuber dry weight per bunch, and tuber dry weight per plot. However, there was no real difference between the number of bulbs per plant and the number of bulbs per plot. (2) The combination of microbial consortia with shallot varieties showed significantly different results regarding the number of leaves and bulb diameter. However, there were no real differences in plant height, fresh stover weight, dry stover weight, number of tubers per plant, number of tubers per plot, fresh weight of tubers per bunch, dry weight of tubers per bunch and dry weight of tubers per bunch. (3) The research results showed that the highest yield was obtained from the combination of V2P1 with the treatment of local white varieties of shallots and the application of the M21 microbial consortium with an average value of 150.27 g/plot (16,905 kg/ha or 16.9 tons/ha).

Comparative effectiveness of the use of mineral and organic fertilizers in the cultivation of onions in an annual crop

We conducted a comparative study of the effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of 5 medium-ripened domestic onion varieties in an annual crop on the alluvial meadow soil of the Moscow region. Laboratory and field experiments were carried out by the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry of the VNIIO branch of the FNCO in 2020–2022 on sufficiently cultivated medium-loamy alluvial meadow soils of the central part of the Moskvoretsky floodplain. In the experiment with the 5th varieties and the 3rd variants of the mineral fertilizer system, the commercial yield of onions was 53.0 t/ha, whereas with the use of an organic fertilizer system – 58.4 t/ha. Accordingly, the increase in yield relative to the control without fertilizers in the first case was equal to 106, in the second – 117%, marketability – 93 and 95%. It has been established that when determining the need of plants for nutrients during the growing season, it is preferable to use methods of leaf diagnostics. On average, for 5 varieties of onion, the yield increase, according to the results of plant diagnostics, turned out to be 13% more than in variants with NPK doses calculated according to soil diagnostics. Biochemical quality indicators for all onion varieties and all fertilizer variants did not differ statistically significantly from the control. The quality of onion products practically did not depend on the applied fertilizer systems. The organic fertilizer system provided the best supply of nutrients to onions in the phase of the beginning of bulb formation, which was crucial for obtaining the greatest yield in an annual crop. On average, for 3 variants of the organic system, the soil contained 2.34 mg/100 g of mineral nitrogen in the phase of the beginning of bulb formation, whereas with the use of the mineral system – 1.65 mg/100 g, or 42% less.

Evaluation of new varieties of multi-tiered onion on economically useful grounds

Relevance. Multi-tiered onion (Allium proliferum Schrad.) refers to valuable perennial spicy-aromatic and medical crops and is widely used in various sectors of the economy: coolies and food industry, traditional and folk medicine.Methods. The aim of the research was to study the economically useful characteristics of new zoned varieties of multi-tiered onions. The objects of research were the local population and new zoned author's varieties of multi-tiered onions Uzgorak and Pachastunak selected by the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy. The studies were carried out in the field and laboratory according to generally accepted methods.Results. As a result of the research, the main morphological, morphometric and phenological characteristics, yield and quality of marketable products (green mass) of the local population and new zoned varieties of multi-tiered onions were studied. The multi-tiered onion variety Uzgorak formed a yield of green mass of 180–190 c/ha, Pachastunak – 185–195 c/ha with a dry matter content of 12.4 and 12.9 %, respectively, crude protein – 17.4 and 17.5% upon reaching technological ripeness in 24–27 and 20–25 days. New author's varieties of multi-tiered onions Uzgorak and Pachastunak are included in the State Register of Varieties of Agricultural Plants of the Republic Belarus and are recommended for home gardening.

Effect of Drying Methods on the Moisture Content and Microbiological Properties of Three Varieties of Dried Onion Slices (Allium cepa)

Post-Harvest losses of onions occurring due to poor handlings and spoilage by microorganisms is worthy of concern. Value addition through drying during peak seasons can reduce losses remarkably. This study sought to evaluate the effects of different drying methods on the microbial load of dried onion slices. Three varieties of onion (red, white and cream) were purchased National Institute for Horticultural Research (NIHORT) Kano sub-station and processed into dried slices using three dryers namely; Solar Cabinet Dryer (SCD), Electric Powered Dryer (EPD) and Kerosene Powered Dryer (KPD) at three different temperatures (50, 60 and 70oC). The dried onion slices were then evaluated for their microbial load; Aerobic Plate Counts (APC), Coliform Counts (CC) and Fungal Counts (FC) using three different media and according to standard methods. The results revealed that MC of onions were reduced from 88.29% to as low as 5.19% during drying. The APC, CC and FC of red onion ranged from 3.67–5.39×102 cfu/g, 1.35–5.39×102 cfu/g and 3.44–4.83×102 cfu/g respectively. The load for white onion ranged from 3.11–5.19×102 cfu/g, 1.31–5.29×102 cfu/g and 3.43–4.53×102 cfu/g respectively while that of cream onion ranged from 3.30–5.33×102 cfu/g, 1.33–5.39×102 cfu/g and 3.42–4.57×102 cfu/g respectively. All the readings fell below the international recommended safe limit for food consumption. The EPD samples at 60oC and 70oC had the significant lowest (p≤0.05) fungal counts in all the onion varieties. Therefore, electric oven dryer at 70oC was the best drying methods and temperature for onion for long time storage.

Enhancing bulb yield through nitrogen fertilization and the use of hybrid onion (Alluim cepa L.) varieties in northwest Ethiopia.

Onions are among the most important cash crops in developing countries, including Ethiopia. However, its production and productivity are very low, which is associated with inappropriate fertilization and the use of low-yielding varieties. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the nitrogen fertilizer rate on the growth, yield, and quality of hybrid onion varieties in northwest Ethiopia. The experiment was conducted at three locations (Koga, Woreta, and Woramit) during the 2021/2022 cropping season under irrigated conditions. The treatments consisted of three hybrid onion varieties (Russet, Jambar, Red Coach) and one open-pollinated onion variety (Bombay Red) and four nitrogen rates (0, 41, 82, and 123 kg ha-1), which were laid out in a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement of 4*4 in three replications. The results of the present study revealed that onion growth, yield and quality were influenced by the nitrogen fertilizer rate and onion variety across all locations. Compared with the open pollinated Bombay Red variety, the hybrid varieties (Russet and Jambar) performed well in terms of bulb diameter, bulb weight, total yield, marketable bulb yield, and pungency. Nitrogen fertilizer applied at a rate of 82 kg ha-1 resulted in the highest growth and yield parameters of onion. The Russet and Jambar varieties recorded the highest marketable bulb yields of 26.50 t ha-1 and 24.57 t ha-1, respectively. Onion varieties treated with the highest nitrogen fertilizer dosage of 123 kg ha-1, particularly the Bombay Red variety, exhibited the longest duration to reach maturity. Onion plants supplied with 82 kg ha-1 nitrogen presented the highest marketable bulb yields, with a value of 26.77 t ha-1. Too much nitrogen above 82 kg ha-1 leads to decreased yield; hence, excess nitrogen is lost to the environment. Furthermore, the Jambar and Russet hybrid varieties and the application of 82 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizers provided the highest net benefit. The hybrid varieties Jambar and Russet and the application of 82 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer can be recommended for onion production in the study area and areas with similar agroecosystems. Since this study is the first of its kind, considering other hybrid onion varieties and optimizing agronomic practices such as spacing and phosphorus fertilizer are also recommended in future research.

Growth, Yield and Economic Advantage of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties in Response to NPSB Fertilizer and Planting Pattern

Haphazard and low soil fertility, low yielding verities and poor agronomic practices are among the major factors constraining onion production in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in East Showa Zone of Adami Tulu Jido Combolcha district in central rift valley areas at ziway from October 2021 to April 2022 to identify appropriate rate of NPSB fertilizer and planting pattern of onion varieties. The experiment was laid out in split plot design of factorial arrangement in three replications. The main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates and varieties (red coach and red king) significantly (p<0.01) influenced plant height, leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf number and fresh leaf weight, shoot dry matter per plant, and harvest index. Total dry biomass, bulb diameter, neck diameter, average fresh bulb weight, bulb dry matter, marketable bulb yield, and total bulb yield were significantly (p<0.01) influenced only by the main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates. In addition, unmarketable bulb yield was statistically significantly affected (p≥0.05) by the blended fertilizer rates and planting pattern. Moreover, days to 90% maturity of onion was affected by the main factor of NPSB fertilizer rate, variety and planting pattern. The non-fertilized plants in the control treatment were inferior in all parameters except unmarketable bulb yield and harvest index. Significantly higher marketable bulb yield (41 t ha-1) and total bulb yield (41.33 t ha-1) was recorded from 300 kg ha-1 NPSB blended fertilizer rate applied. Double row planting method and hybrid red coach onion variety had also gave higher growth and yields. The study revealed that the highest net benefit of Birr, 878,894 with lest cost of Birr 148,006 by the combinations of 150 kg blended NPSB ha-1 with double row planting method (40cm*20cm*7cm) and red coach variety which can be recommendable for higher marketable bulb yield and economic return of hybrid onion for small scale farmers in the study area. Also, for resource full producers (investors), highest net benefit of Birr 1,205,372 with higher cost (159,628 Birr) by application of 300 kg NPSB ha-1 is recommended as a second option. However, the research should be replicated both in season and areas to more verify the recommendations.

HS-SPME GC/MS Volatile profile of the Onion Allium fistulosum L. variety Pereirana, cultivated in Colombia

The study presents a characterization of the volatile organic compounds found in both raw and the essential oil of the “Pereirana Onion,” an endemic Colombian Welsh onion variety for which the composition has not been previously reported. The analysis was conducted using four distinct fibers through the HS-SPME/GC-MS method. The results revealed that chopped Pereirana onions release as many as 29 different compounds, with concentrations up to 20 times higher than those observed in other evaluated onion species (Biónica, Veleña, and Veleña Sonsón). Most of these compounds are sulfur-based, including dipropyl disulfide, (E)-1-(Prop-1-en-1-yl)-2-propyldisulfane, disulfide, methyl 1-(methylthio) propyl, dipropyl trisulphide, and (E)-1-(Prop-1-en-1-yl)-3-propyltrisulfane. Furthermore, steam extraction of essential oils from Pereirana onions led to the identification of up to 70 different compounds. Simple correspondence analysis (SCA) revealed that Veleña and Veleña Sonsón onion species share common compounds but significantly differ from Biónica and Pereirana varieties cultivated in Risaralda, Colombia. These findings suggest potential applications in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries, paving the way for future research and industrial utilization.

Pathogenicity of Puccinia porri on Allium in South Africa

Allium crops are commonly grown in South Africa and harvested as either fresh produce for the domestic and export markets or as seed. Apart from occasional outbreaks on garlic, rust is problematic as a cosmetic disease with unappealing uredinia regularly observed on freshly packed produce of bunching onion and leek in supermarkets. Spore morphology and phylogenetic analysis of five rust samples collected from A. fistulosum (bunching onion) confirmed the causal organism as Puccinia porri. Garlic and bunching onion varieties were mostly susceptible to P. porri, whereas leek varieties were either susceptible or segregating in their response, with bulb onions being resistant. Microscopy of early infection structures showed appressorium formation, stomatal penetration, and a substomatal structure which differentiated into infection hyphae and haustorium mother cells. At microscopy level differences in host response became visible from 48 h post-inoculation onwards with prehaustorial and early hypersensitivity observed as resistance mechanisms in onions.

Yield of different onion varieties depending on the level of mineral nutrition and growth regulators in the conditions of the Southern Forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan

The purpose of research was to determine the peculiarities of the action of Epin-extra, NPK+Epin-extra, Heteroauxin, NPK+Heteroauxin on the yield and chemical composition of onions in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The novelty of the research comprises because for the first time in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan the experiments with the participation of a new variety of Bashkirian selection - Iglinsky 2. Onion yield of the studied varieties Strigunovsky local, Red Baron and Iglinsky 2 in variants with different nutrition backgrounds was higher than in the control by 0.64-9.34 tonnes/ha. The amount of dry matter in varieties Strigunovsky local and Red Baron was higher than normal in all nutrition backgrounds. The maximum yield of onion was formed in Iglinsky 2 variety on the background of Heteroauxin application - 60.5 tonnes/ha or 116.57% in comparison with the control. The presence of weak negative correlation between yield and average daily temperature regime (r = -0.276) was established. A positive correlation between yield, precipitation sum (r = 0.481) and Heteroauxin (r = 0.470) was found. We can use the research results in cultivation of onion in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Russian Federation, is of interest for foreign researchers-breeders.

Optimizing the Planting Date for Onion Production

This investigation was carried out during 2018 and 2019 at the research farm of the Agriculture Faculty of Kabul University, Afghanistan to study the correlation between weather conditions (maximum, minimum and mean temperature, relative humidity, cumulative day light and cumulative rainfall) and onion plant growth, yield and bulbs quality, as well as to find the optimal planting date for onion variety Safid e Paisaye. The data was analyzed with STAR software. The results of this study reveal that, increasing temperature and decreasing relative humidity and rainfall during growing season, caused faster maturity of bulbs, produced small sized bulbs, and finally reduced onion bulbs yield. It was observed that, due to relatively lower temperature and higher relative humidity during early growth stages the onion grown early in spring (seed sown in early March and transplants planted early in May) took longer period for maturation, produced larger bulbs and higher yield. This was also noted that due to longer maturation period the onion plants grown in early spring received a higher cumulative heat and sun light which contributed to improve bulbs quality and yield of onion. Based on this study results it is concluded that, early planting date of onion variety Safid e Paisaye not only increased significantly yield but also improved bulbs quality.

Varietal Screening and Management of Basal Rot Disease of Onion

Onion (Allium cepa L.) belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. It is known as common onion, bulb onion or biennial herb, and is one of the most important vegetable crops in India. However, the crop faces numerous diseases attack, resulting in losses to both quantity and quality. Among the diseases, the basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, is one of the most significant soil-borne diseases. This work aimed to screen various onion varieties for resistance against basal rot in pots under glasshouse condition as well as to assess the efficacy of fungicides against the pathogen under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. It was observed that all onion varieties screened were highly susceptible while Bhima red was just susceptible; none of the varieties were resistant to basal rot. Under in vitro conditions the Fungicides Carbendazim and Tebuconazole, of the given concentration, were cent per cent effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. For the field condition, the module of [carbendazim (2 g/kg) followed by tebuconazole (0.1 %) followed by azoxystrobin (0.1 %)] was the most effective.

Development of Allium cepa potential intron polymorphism markers for molecular breeding of Alliums

Allium cepa is a widely grown crop for its spice and culinary properties. For molecular breeding of Allium cepa, mining and utilization of various sequence-based markers have been widely reported. Unfortunately, none has reported its molecular breeding using potential intron polymorphism (PIP) markers. Due to advantage of intron positioning prediction and practical utility, the PIP markers used for screening the possible polymorphism and cross-transferability in the Alliums. Screening results showed that among 500 Allium cepa potential intron polymorphism (AcPIP) markers, 275 are cross-transferable and polymorphic. Among the 275 AcPIP, 111 polymorphic markers were physically mapped on to 1st to 8th chromosomes of the Allium cepa. Out of the 275 AcPIP containing functionally significant markers, 118 were mapped in onion with Arabidopsis proteome. A set of 10 Alliums were utilized to interpret the polymorphic possibilities of the 500 AcPIP markers. In totality, 55 % AcPIP markers were polymorphic and cross-transferable among the Alliums. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of AcPIP markers ranged from 0.03 to 0.47 and heterozygosity index (H) varied between 0.16 and 0.80. The constructed phylogenetic tree based on the AcPIP markers of 10 Alliums revealed different clusters due to differences in their taxonomic positions. Out of 275 AcPIP markers, 10 AcPIP markers genotyping based Jaccard dissimilarity-based NJ tree of 96 individuals of Allium cepa showed two distinct groups (high total soluble solid; HTSS and low total soluble solid; LTSS). NJ tree and dissimilarity matrix reveal that group I genotypes are distinct, and dissimilar from group II and III genotypes hence it seems that group II and III genotype evolve from group I genotypes. Further we identified nine diverse Allium cepa subsample among which, genotype number 74 has HTSS and could be used for identification and introgression of HTSS coding genes in elite cultivars. Further DNA fingerprint of Alliums with 20 AcPIP markers suggested geographical reach of the released onion varieties. Hence results suggest that 275 AcPIP markers may be useful for accelerating the breeding programme of the Alliums and other species.

Participatory demonstration and evaluation of improved onion variety in East Shewa zone of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia

Participatory demonstration and evaluation of improved onion variety in East Shewa zone of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia

Effect of Spraying with an Extract of Roselle and Salicylic Acid on the Chemical Properties of Two Green Onion Cultivars (Allium Cepa L.)

A field experiment was conducted during the winter agricultural season 2022-2023 at the Agricultural Research Station of the College of Agriculture / University of Basra, Karma Ali, with the aim of studying spraying with roselle extract and salicylic acid and the interaction between them in the chemical characteristics of two varieties of green onions. The experiment included two factors, two varieties of onions (local white and local red) and seven concentrations of spraying three with roselle extract, which are (5, 10, 20) g. L-1 and three with salicylic acid (100, 150, 200) mg. L-1, in addition to the measurement treatment, by three sprays, between one spray and another, 10 days. It was carried out as a one-time split factorial experiment according to the randomized complete block design with three replications, and the medium means of the treatments were compared using the least significant difference at the level of probability 0.05. It was also found that there was no difference between the two cultivars in the content of the leaves of potassium, and the plants that were sprayed with roselle extract at a concentration of 20 mg excelled. L-1 in the aforementioned traits, except for the potassium content of the leaves, where the plants sprayed with roselle extract at a concentration of 10 mg were superior. L-1, as well as red onion plants that were sprayed with roselle extract at a concentration of 20 mg. L-1 showed significant superiority in leaves content of total chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and protein percentage, while the leaves of red onion plants sprayed with roselle extract at a concentration of 10 mg were superior. L-1 in potassium content compared to the control treatment.

Determination of appropriate planting time for better seed yield of onion (Allium cepa) varieties at selected districts of Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Onion is among the important vegetable crops commercially grown both by large and small scale farmers in Ethiopia as well as Arba Minch area. Its seed production (high seed yield and quality) depends on a number of factors such as planting date, bulb size, varieties, soil fertility, growing environments, plant population and adequate plant protection measures. Among these factors, planting time, varieties and growing environment are believed to have a remarkable influence on seed production of onion. The main objective of this study is to determine appropriate planting time for onion seed production and to select high seed yielder onion variety. Mother bulb was produced during June to August and the bulbs are stored in diffused light storage (DLS) about 3o days. Field experiment was conducted in Gamo Zone, Mirab Abaya woreda for two successive years (2021 - 2022) using spacing of 40cm x 20cm in Plot size of 3m x 2m.The experiment consisted of two varieties (Bombay red & Nafis) and four planting times (Mid September, Early October, Late October & Early November) in completely randomized block design in factorial arrangement replicated three times. ANOVA revealed that highly significant differences among treatments (P<0.01) were observed for most characters studied. Mean performance of combined result indicated that variety Bombay red planted in mid October gave highest seed yield (1178.3 kg/ha) whereas the lowest seed yield was recorded from the same variety planted at early October (415.0 kg/ha). Therefore, variety mid October is recommended as a suitable planting time of seed production for variety Bombay red and to be popularized in the study area for better onion seed yield production.