One-dimensional Zigzag Chain Research Articles

Crystal Structures and Luminescent Properties of Two Zinc(II) Complexes with 2-Phenylquinoline-4-carboxylates

Assembly of 2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid and Zn(OAC)2·2H2O gives rise to two complexes [Zn2(C16H10NO2)4 (phen)2(H2O)2]·2H2O (I) and [Zn2(C16H10NO2)4(bpy)2]n (II) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine). Complexes I and II have been characterized by x-ray single-crystal diffraction, infrared (IR), powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and fluorescence spectra. Structural analysis reveals that I is binuclear in structure; two Zn(II) centers are bridged by two carboxylate groups and the terminal water molecule occupies a axial position of the octahedral geometry, which further extends the binuclear unit into a supramolecular framework via intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π···π interactions. Complex II possesses a one-dimensional infinite zigzag chain architecture by bridging of the 4,4′-bipyridne.

Mercury(II) thiolate complexes of two flexible benzimidazole-based ligands

The structure of catena-poly[[{bis[4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate-κS]mercury(II)}-μ-1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1H-benzimidazole)-κ(2)N(3):N(3')] bis(hexafluoridophosphate) 0.25-hydrate], {[Hg(C(16)H(14)N(4))(C(9)H(13)NS)(2)](PF(6))(2)·0.25H(2)O}(n), contains a one-dimensional zigzag chain. The Hg(II) cation is coordinated by two S atoms of two 4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate (Tab) ligands and by two N atoms from two different 1,1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1H-benzimidazole) ligands, forming a distorted seesaw-shaped coordination geometry. The F atoms of the hexafluoridophosphate anion interact with the H atoms of the Tab ligand, generating a two-dimensional network. Furthermore, this layer is connected to neighbouring layers via H···π interactions, thereby forming a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded structure. In catena-poly[[{[4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate-κS]mercury(II)}bis[μ-4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate-κ(2)S:S]{[4-(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate-κS]mercury(II)}-μ-1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(1H-benzimidazole)-κ(2)N(3):N(3')] tetrakis(hexafluoridophosphate)], {[Hg(2)(C(20)H(22)N(4))(C(9)H(13)NS)(4)](PF(6))(4)}(n), each Hg(II) cation is coordinated by two S atoms of two Tab ligands and one N atom of the 1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(1H-benzimidazole) (hbbm) ligand, forming a distorted T-shaped coordination geometry, while longer secondary Hg···S bonds join two such units across a centre of inversion to give the tetravalent cation. Adjacent {[Hg(Tab)(2)](2)(μ-hbbm)}(4+) cations are linked through the centrosymmetric hbbm ligands to afford a one-dimensional chain extending along the b axis. Several F atoms interact with the H atoms of the Tab and hbbm ligands, while the S atom interacts with an aromatic H atom of a different Tab ligand, to afford a complex intra- and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding arrangement in a three-dimensional structure.

Poly[[(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N′)zinc]-μ-2,5-bis(allyloxy)terephthalato-κ2O1:O4

The title compound, [Zn(C14H12O6)(C12H8N2)]n, is a coordination polymer forming one-dimensional infinite zigzag chains along [10] by inter­connection of ZnII atoms by 2,5-bis­(all­yl­oxy)­terephthalate anions via the carboxyl­ate groups. The ZnII atom is located on a twofold axis and is in a distorted tetra­hedral coordination formed by the two carboxyl­ate O atoms [Zn—O = 1.9647 (12) Å] and two phenanthroline N atoms [Zn—N = 2.0949 (14) Å].

Catena-Poly[[[(di-2-pyridylamine-κ2N2,N2′)copper(II)]-μ-benzene-1,3-dicarboxylato-κ3O1,O1′:O3] monohydrate], a zigzag coordination polymer with strong π–π interactions

The novel title coordination polymer, {[Cu(C(8)H(4)O(4))(C(10)H(9)N(3))]·H(2)O}(n), synthesized by the slow-diffusion method, takes the form of one-dimensional zigzag chains built up of Cu(II) cations linked by benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (ipht) anions. An exceptional characteristic of this structure is that it belongs to a small group of metal-organic polymers where ipht is coordinated as a bridging tridentate ligand with monodentate and chelate coordination of individual carboxylate groups. The Cu(II) cation has a highly distorted square-pyramidal geometry formed by three O atoms from two ipht anions and two N atoms from a di-2-pyridylamine (dipya) ligand. The zigzag chains, which run along the b axis, further construct a three-dimensional metal-organic framework via strong face-to-face π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds. A solvent water molecule is linked to the different carboxylate groups via hydrogen bonds. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analyses confirm the strong hydrogen bonding.

Three manganese(II) coordination polymers based on 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives and mono-, bi-, or trimetallic cores

Three Mn(II) coordination polymers based on 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives and mono-, bi-, or trimetallic cores, namely [Mn(L1)(HL1)(Cl)] (1), [Mn(1,4-ndc)(HL1)] (2), and [Mn3(cis-chdc)2(trans-chdc)(L2)2] (3), where HL1 = 1-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1, 10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol, L2 = 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1, 10]phenanthroline, 1,4-ndc = 1,4- naphthalenedicarboxylate and chdc = 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Their structures have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and further characterized by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods. Compound 1 shows a one-dimensional zigzag chain structure. The neighboring chains are extended into a two-dimensional 3-connected (6,3) network by π–π interactions. Interestingly, two (6,3) networks are interpenetrated in a twofold mode. Compound 2 displays a 2D 4-connected (4,4) network structure based on dinuclear Mn(II) units. Adjacent networks are further connected through π–π interactions to form a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. Compound 3 shows a 2D 4-connected (4,4) network structure based on trinuclear Mn(II) units. Further, the π–π interactions among adjacent networks resulted in a 3D supramolecular architecture for 3. Three manganese(II) coordination polymers based on 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives and mono-, bi-, or trimetallic cores and have been successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions, where their physico-chemical and spectroscopic behaviors have been investigated.

Synthesis, characterization and properties of some metal(II) 5-(nicotinamido)isophthalate complexes

Four new complexes, {[M(NAIP)(H 2O) 4]·2H 2O} n (M = Co ( 1), M = Mn ( 2)), {[Zn(NAIP)]·0.5H 2O} n ( 3) and {Cd(NAIP)(H 2O) 2]·1.5H 2O} n ( 4) [H 2NAIP = 5-(nicotinamido)-isophthalic acid] have been prepared and structurally characterized. The ligand NAIP 2− exhibits different coordination modes and leads to the formation of various architectures. Complexes 1 and 2 show a one-dimensional (1D) zigzag chain, where hydrogen-bonding interactions further link these chains to a three dimensional (3D) supramolecular structure. For complex 3, a 3D coordination network with a four-coordinated Zn(II) and NAIP 2− as a SBU was observed. Complex 4 presents a three-connected 2-fold interpenetrated 3D network with a (10, 3)-b net topology. Their luminescent and magnetic properties have been investigated in the solid state.

High-Frequency ESR Measurements of S = 1/2 1-D Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic Zig-Zag Chain (VO)(SO4)(2,2-bpy)

High-frequency electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements of S = 1/2 one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnetic zig-zag chain substance (VO)(SO4)(2,2-bpy) were performed in the temperature region from 1.8 to 265 K. ESR measurements at 265 K show typical powder pattern spectra of the V4+ ion and g || = 1.925 ± 0.001 and g ⊥ = 1.976 ± 0.001 were obtained. Although the magnetic susceptibility shows a maximum at 3.1 K suggesting the existence of a short-range order, no g-shift and line width broadening were observed down to 1.8 K. We suggest that these temperature-independent features of ESR can be attributed to the result of frustration in (VO)(SO4)(2,2-bpy).

Rational Construction of Wide Coordination Space and Control of Adsorption Properties in One-Dimensional Cu(II) Coordination Polymer

A one-dimensional Cu(II) coordination polymer {[Cu(bpetha)(2,2′-bpy)(MeOH)]·2PF6}n (bpetha =1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane; 2,2′-bpy =2,2′-bipyridine) with wide coordination space at the axial site was rationally synthesized and crystallographically characterized, in which [Cu(2,2′-bpy)] units are bridged by bpetha ligands, forming a one-dimensional zigzag chain that shows smooth adsorption for EtOH, MeOH, and H2O vapors.

Biphenyl-3,3′-dicarboxylic acid

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H10O4, contains one half mol­ecule, the complete mol­ecule being generated by a twofold axis. The two benzene rings form a dihedral angle of 43.11 (5)°. Inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into one-dimensional zigzag chains. These chains are further connected into two-dimensional supra­molecular layers by weak π–π stacking inter­actions between neighbouring benzene rings, with centroid–centroid distances of 3.7648 (8) Å.

1,4-Bis(5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)benzene tetrahydrate

In the title compound, C12H12N6·4H2O, the two triazole rings adopt a cis configuration with a crystallographic twofold axis passing through the central benzene group. The benzene and triazole rings are almost coplanar with a dihedral angle of 5.5 (1)°. In the crystal, water mol­ecules are joined together by OW—H⋯OW hydrogen bonds to form a one-dimensional zigzag chain. These water chains are further connected to the organic mol­ecule, forming a three-dimensional network by inter­molecular OW—H⋯N and N—H⋯OW hydrogen bonds. Moreover, π–π stacking inter­actions between triazole rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.667 (1)–3.731 (1) Å] are observed. One of the water mol­ecules shows one of the H atoms to be disordered over two positions.

Seven hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) complexes with mono- and dicarboxylic acids: analysis of packing modes of HMTA complexes in the literature

The crystal structures of seven hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) complexes, or co-crystals, with carboxylic acid donor molecules are reported to explain the link between the molecular structure of HMTA and the crystal structure of the co-crystals, i.e. the dimension and shape of their hydrogen-bonded assembly. A comprehensive and detailed literature survey of HMTA complexes (38), be they neutral co-crystals or salts, with molecules containing carboxylic acid and phenol functional groups reveals that in general two N acceptors are used for strong O-H···N interactions. Owing to the relative arrangement of two of the four N atoms, the most common type of assembly features one-dimensional zigzag chains. Weak interactions of the C-H···N type are formed by N atoms not involved in strong interactions. These chains also form the basis of two-dimensional assemblies. These one- and two-dimensional assemblies feature either two or three functional groups. If only one functional group is on the donor molecule, then wing or V-shaped zero-dimensional assemblies are formed, which can be considered to be the building blocks for one- and two-dimensional assemblies. In general, the HMTA molecules form two-dimensional layers which are stabilized by weak hydrogen bonds. Co-crystals with cyclohexylcarboxylic acid (I), 4-fluorobenzoic acid (II), 4-methylbenzoic acid (III) and cinnamic acid (IV) all feature the V-shaped zero-dimensional assemblies. Co-crystals with cis-1,4-cyclohexyldicarboxylic acid (VI) and trans-1,4-cyclohexylcarboxylic acid (VII) feature the zigzag chains and can be structurally derived from co-crystal (I). Co-crystal (V), with 4-nitrobenzoic acid, has solvent water included and features hydrogen bonding to all four N atoms of the HMTA molecule.

Solvothermal synthesis and structural characterization of a new one-dimensional coordination polymer [Zn(ATIBDC)DPA)] n (H2TIBDC = 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid, DPA = 2,2′-dipyridylamine)

A new one-dimensional (1D) zigzag chain coordination polymer [Zn(ATIBDC)(DPA)] n (H2ATIBDC = 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid, DPA = 2,2′-dipyridylamine) has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Crystal Structure and Photoluminescent Properties of Two Cadmium(II) Complexes with Orotic Acid

Assembly of orotic acid (2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid, H3dtpc) and Cd(OAc)2·2H2O gave rise to two complexes [Cd2(H2dtpc)2(H2O)6] (I) and [Cd(H2dtpc)(bpy)(H2O)]n (II) (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine). Complex (I) and (II) have been characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction, IR, PXRD, TGA and fluorescence spectra. Structural analyses reveal that (I) is a binuclear structure, and complex (II) possesses a one-dimensional infinite zig-zag chain architecture and the chains are further assembled into 2D supramolecular network by strong hydrogen bonding interactions. Crystal data for (I): Monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, a = 9.3221(19) A, b = 6.6315(13) A, c = 15.322(3) A, β = 102.31(3)°, V = 925.4(3) A3, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0269, and wR2 = 0.0604; for (II): Monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, a = 9.9880(2) A, b = 14.5085(2) A, c = 11.6957(2) A, β = 107.976(2)°, V = 1612.10(5) A3, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0234 and wR2 = 0.0554. The Cadmium ions are joined by orotate ligands in different direction to complete a zig-zag chain, which are further assembled by the intermolecular hydrogen bonding to form a two-dimensional structure with remarkable thermal stability.

Assembly, crystal structures and luminescent properties of the lanthanide nitrate coordination polymers with 1,5-bis{[(2′-(2-picolylaminoformyl))phenoxyl]methyl}naphthalene

A new amide type bridging ligand, 1,5-bis{[(2'-(2-picolylaminoformyl))phenoxy]methyl}naphthalene (L), and its complexes with lanthanide ions (Ln Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy) have been designed and assembled. The crystal structures of {[EuL(NO3)(3)(CH3OH)](H2O)}(n) and [TbL(NO3)(3)(CH3OH)](n) display one-dimensional (1-D) zig-zag coordination polymeric chains. At the same time, the solid state luminescent properties of the Sm, Eu, Tb, and Dy complexes were investigated at room temperature. The complexes all exhibit characteristic luminescence emissions of the central metal ions under UV light excitation. The lowest triplet state energy level (T-1) of the ligand indicates that the triplet state energy level of the ligand matches better to the resonance level of Tb(III) ion than other lanthanide ions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Three organic–inorganic hybrid complexes based on the Wells–Dawson polyoxoanion

Three new organic–inorganic hybrid complexes based on the Wells–Dawson polyoxoanion, namely (H2bpp)[Ni2(bpp)2(H2O)4(P2W18O62)]·H2O 1, [Cu6(Hbpy)6(bpy)3(P2W18O62)2]·2H2O 2 and (Him)5[Cu(im)2(P2W18O62)]·4H2O 3 [bpp = 1,3-bis (4-pyridyl) propane, bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine, im = imidazole] have been synthesized and characterized. Complex 1 exhibits a three-dimensional (6, 3)-connected framework with anatase topology constructed from [α-P2W18O62]6− clusters and [Ni(bpp)]2+ fragments. Each [α-P2W18O62]6− anion links to six nickel atoms through six terminal oxygen atoms from four polar and two equatorial WO6 octahedra, which shows a novel coordination mode of a Wells–Dawson cluster with a transition-metal atom. Complex 2 displays an interesting one-dimensional double-chain structure built from [α-P2W18O62]6− clusters and [Cu2(bpy)(Hbpy)2]2+ fragments. To our knowledge, complex 2 represents the first double-chain organic–inorganic hybrid complex based on a Wells–Dawson-type cluster. Complex 3 possesses a one-dimensional zigzag chain structure constructed from [α-P2W18O62]6− anions and [Cu(im)2]+ units through weak Cu···O interactions.

Direct assembly of new cobalt(iii)-lanthanide(iii) heterometallic frameworks with NaCl-like topology

Through hydrothermal treatment, a series of new 3D noninterpenetrating cobalt(III)-lanthanide(III) heterometallic coordination assemblies bearing 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylate (H2bpdc) ligands, CoLn2(bpdc)3(NO3)3(H2O)6·3.5H2O (Ln = Gd (2), Eu (3), Sm (4), La (5)), have been obtained which may be regarded as being derived from Co2(Hbpdc)2(bpdc)2(H2O)2·2H2O (1) with one-dimensional (1D) zigzag chains. The results of single-crystal X-ray analysis and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study show that each Co center in all of the compounds is located in six-coordinate octahedral surroundings, and exhibits the trivalent oxidation state. Compounds 2–5 possess isostructural 3D NaCl-type frameworks containing Ln2O16 building blocks, exhibiting square pores with dimensions of ca. 8 × 8 A2 along the [010] direction, which are occupied by nitrate anions and non-coordinated water molecules. The frameworks of 2–5 are stable up to ca. 300 °C followed by removal of the coordinated and uncoordinated water molecules, as is evident from the associated weight loss. The magnetic and gas adsorption properties for the Co(III)-Gd(III) system have been investigated.

Hydrothermal synthesis and properties of a new 3D lanthanum supramolecule based on the 4-hydroxypyridine 2,6-dicarboxylate and water ligands

A hydrogen-induced lanthanum complex, (HDMA)+[La(HCAM)2(H2O)3]− · 2H2O (I) (H3CAM = 4-hydroxypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, DMA = dimethylamine), has been synthesized in a H2O-DMF (DMF = dimethylformamide) mixed solution and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Complex I crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P \( \bar 1 \) a = 10.2755(11), b = 10.4507(11), c = 12.0016(13) A, α = 92.3510(10)°, β = 92.980(4)°, γ = 117.2670(10)°, V = 1143.4(2) A3, M r = 637.29, ρ c = 1.851 g/cm3, and Z = 2. The complex presents one-dimensional (ID) zigzag chain array, and these 1D chains are further linked into 3D supramolecular frameworks by extensive intra- and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions. The luminescence emission spectra of the complex exhibits favorable fluorescent emission resulted from the ligand-to-metal electron transfer.

Synthesis and structures of pyridinecarboxylate-containing zinc(II) complexes in dien and tren system

Four new zinc(II) complexes [Zn(dien)( μ-nic)] 2(BPh 4) 2·2CH 3OH ( 1), {[Zn(dien)(isonic)]BPh 4} n ( 2), [Zn(tren)(nic)]BPh 4 ( 3) and [Zn(tren)(isonic)]BPh 4 ( 4) (dien/tren = diethylenetriamine/triethylenetriamine, nic/isonic = nicotinate/isonicotinate anion) were synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, 1H NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. In the zinc(II) complexes of dien, both nicotinate and isonicotinate connect the zinc(II) ions via N,O-bis-monodentate mode. Complex 1 contains a centrosymmetric dinuclear unit bridged by two nicotinate anions in anti-parallel way. Complex 2 is characterized by an infinite one-dimensional zigzag chain bridged by isonicotinate anion in an end-to-end mode. The Zn···Zn distance is 6.782 for 1 and 8.805 Å for 2. While in the complexes of tren, both 3 and 4 are mononuclear complexes with nicotinate and isonicotinate coordinated to zinc(II) ion through only one oxygen atom of their carboxylate groups. The zinc(II) ions in all of the four complexes are in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. Complex 3 forms a dinuclear unit and complex 4 forms an infinite 2D sheet structure through intermolecular H-bonds. In all of the crystal lattices, the BPh 4 - counterions act to balance the electronic charge at the same time to construct different 3D structures through noncovalent interactions such as C–H···π, N–H···π and van der Waals interactions.

Synthesis, structure characterization and photocatalytic properties of two new uranyl naphthalene-dicarboxylate coordination polymer compounds

Abstract Two new uranyl-organic coordination compounds, UO2(NDC)[(CH3)2SO)]2 ( 1 ) and [UO2(NDC)(CH2OH)2] ( 2 ) (H2NDC = 1,4-naphthalene dicarboxylate), have been synthesized from the solutions of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG), respectively, through a volatilization method. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses show that compound 1 consists of novel straight chains modified by pairs of DMSO molecules, whereas compound 2 features one-dimensional zigzag chains which are cross-linked by non-coordinating solvent molecules through hydrogen bonding interactions, forming a two-dimensional network. Both 1 and 2 decompose rhodamine B (RhB) molecules efficiently under the irradiation of UV and visible light.

Five novel metal–organic framework constructed by lanthanide metals and 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylate: Hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and thermal properties

Five lanthanide coordination compounds, [Ln 3(bpdc) 4(Hbpdc)(H 2O) 2]·12H 2O (Ln Ce(1), Nd(2) and Pr(3)) and [Ln 2(bpdc) 3(H 2O) 3]·3H 2O (Ln Er(4) and Tm(5)) were obtained from 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylate acid and corresponding lanthanide salts by hydrothermal synthesis. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that 1–3 are isomorphous and isostructural, composed of one-dimensional infinite double zigzag chain structure, and further extended to two-dimensional networks via hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions; while isomorphous and isostructural 4–5 are zero-dimensional discrete moieties and further joined into three-dimensional framework by rich intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions. The pyridyl nitrogen atoms and the carboxylate oxygen atoms of the bpdc ligand are coordinated to lanthanide ions, resulting into versatile coordination modes. Thermogravimetric analyses of 1–5 display a considerable thermal stability.