One-dimensional Copper Research Articles

Novel pseudocapacitive one-dimensional copper pyrophosphate (Cu2P2O7) nanofibers for asymmetric supercapacitor

The redox activity of a supercapacitor electrode can be significantly compromised by irregular, non-uniform, and agglomerated morphologies of the material. The preparation of a one-dimensional fibrous morphology not only ensures a consistent, continuous, and well-separated network of fibers but also results in an increased surface area compared to higher-dimensional structures. In this study, the fabrication of a continuous network of one-dimensional copper pyrophosphate (Cu2P2O7) nanofibers through a straightforward polymer-based electrospinning method followed by calcination at 900 °C is reported. The resulting Cu2P2O7 monoclinic nanofibers exhibited an average diameter of 95 nm, highlighting the enhanced surface area of the material. By employing nickel foam (NF) as a current collector, the Cu2P2O7/NF electrode demonstrated a remarkable specific capacitance of 567.31 F g-1 (357.4 C g-1) at 2 A g-1 in 1 M LiOH electrolyte, surpassing performances in 1 M KOH and 1 M NaOH electrolytes. Furthermore, we designed an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device configuration by incorporating carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as the negative electrode. Cu2P2O7//CNFs asymmetric supercapacitor showcases an exceptional specific capacitance, reaching 143.73 F g-1 (244.34 C g-1) at a current density of 0.4 A g-1. This remarkable performance is complemented by a notable energy density of 57.69 Wh kg-1 and power density of 1104.7 W kg-1. Furthermore, even at an elevated power density of 5132.25 W kg-1, the device maintained a considerable energy density of 22.81 Wh kg-1. These findings underscore the viability of Cu2P2O7 nanofibers as a compelling choice for energy storage devices.

Cu(II) Coordination Polymers for the Selective Oxidation of Biomass-Derived Veratryl Alcohol in Green Solvents: A Sustainable Catalytic Approach.

Four air-stable one-dimensional copper(II) coordination polymers (CP1-CP4) with azide linkers were synthesized using tridentate NNS and NNN ligands. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the molecular structures of CP1, CP3, and CP4. In the presence of TEMPO, all four coordination polymers demonstrated effective catalytic activity for the selective aerobic oxidation of veratryl alcohol, a biomass model compound, under base-free conditions. CP4 exhibited the best catalytic efficiency. Oxidations were conducted at ambient temperature (40 °C) utilizing air as a sustainable oxidant. Selective oxidation of veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde was also conducted in the presence of a catalytic amount of base (5 mol %), and enhanced reactivity was observed. The green solvents, acetone, and water, were used to maximize sustainability. The optimized reaction conditions were applied to broaden the substrate scope of various lignin model alcohols and substituted benzylic alcohols with wide electronic variability. CP4 exhibited high recyclability, consistently providing quantitative yields even after ten consecutive runs. The catalytic protocol demonstrated sustainability and environmental compatibility, as evidenced by a low E-factor (4.29) and a high Eco-scale score (90). Based on experimental evidence and theoretical calculations, a plausible catalytic cycle was proposed. Finally, the sustainability credentials of the different optimized reaction protocols were evaluated using the CHEM21 green metrics toolkit.

Crystal structure and characterization of a new one-dimensional copper(II) coordination polymer containing a 4-amino-benzoic acid ligand.

A CuII coordination polymer, catena-poly[[[aqua-copper(II)]-bis-(μ-4-amino-benz-o-ato)-κ2 N:O;κ2 O:N] monohydrate], {[Cu(pABA)2(H2O)]·H2O}n (pABA = p-amino-benzoate, C7H4NO2 -), was synthesized and characterized. It exhibits a one-dimensional chain structure extended into a three-dimensional supra-molecular assembly through hydrogen bonds and π-π inter-actions. While the twinned crystal shows a metrically ortho-rhom-bic lattice and an apparent space group Pbcm, the true symmetry is monoclinic (space group P2/c), with disordered Cu atoms and mixed roles of water mol-ecules (aqua ligand/crystallization water). The luminescence spectrum of the complex shows an emission at 345 nm, cf. 349 nm for pABAH.

One-dimensional copper oxide nanorods with potential anticancer effects against melanoma cells

In this study, one-dimensional copper oxide nanorods (CuO NRs) as new type anticancer particles were synthesized by hydrothermal method along with sonication. Afterward, the biological properties of synthesized CuO NRs against murine B16F10 melanoma with high metastatic potential and normal fibroblast cell line (3 T3)were evaluated. XRD pattern of synthesized CuO NRs revealed a crystalline structure and FT-IR study disclosed that bands at 438–607 cm−1 and 1010 cm−1 are typically associated with the stretching and bending vibrations of the Cu–O bond. DLS study indicated that prepared NRs have a size distribution in the range of 37–99 nm in solution, with a zeta potential value of −37.00 mV. Finally, TEM analysis demonstrated that CuO NRs have a nanorod-like morphology with an average particle size of 5 nm in width and 25–100 nm in length. Furthermore, we discovered that CuO NRs provided an apparent and selective antiproliferative effect on B16F10 melanoma cells at a minimum concentration of 10 µg/ml, associated with induction of membrane leakage and elevation of oxidative stress. Also, induction of apoptotic process was observed in melanoma cells following exposure to CuO NRs mediated by elevation of cytochrome c, AIF, caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, and downregulation of Bcl-2 genes and proteins. Therefore, it was deduced that both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways were associated with anticancer mechanisms of CuO NRs against B16F10 melanoma. In conclusion, CuO NRs could be appointed as potential nanostructures in the modulation or prevention of skin cancer and may be an indication of a new potential anticancer compound in the treatment of melanoma, which warrants further investigations in future studies.

Design, synthesis, structure analysis and photophysical characterization of robust and solution-processable one-dimensional copper(I) iodide-based inorganic-organic hybrid semiconductors

A series of new one-dimensional (1D) CuI-based inorganic-organic hybrid semiconductors have been designed and synthesized, namely, 1D-(dmpi)3Cu6I9 (1), 1D-(5asn)2Cu4I6 (2), 1D-(Nhex)2Cu4I6 (3) and 1D-(Npipz)2Cu2I6 (4) (dmpi = N,N-dimethylpiperidinium, 5asn = 5-azaspiro[4.4]nonan-5-ium, Nhex = cyclohexanaminium, Npipz = 1-methylpiperazine-1,4-diium). All structures are composed of ionically bonded aliphatic cations and various 1D CuI anionic copper iodide chains. Due to their wide bandgaps, all materials display ultraviolet (UV) emission between 340 and 390 nm, with internal quantum yields (IQYs) up to 6.4 %. All compounds are solution-processable due to their ionic bonding nature and have excellent thermal stability with their decomposition temperature (Td) up to 260 °C, as well as impressive air stability over long time periods. Due to the use of aliphatic cations as structure directing agents, the photophysical properties of these materials are dominated by their inorganic components, as confirmed by electronic structure calculations employing density functional theory (DFT). Additionally, their non-toxicity and facile synthesis suggest that this type of material is promising for practical use. These findings provide helpful insight into the future development of high-performance wide bandgap semiconductors that may be potentially useful in various UV-emitting or other optoelectronic applications.

HKUST-1 derived one-dimensional Cu/N-doped carbon nanofibers for simultaneous detection of acetaminophen and sulfanilamide

The design of novel signal amplification elements was key to improving the sensing and analysis performance of electrochemical sensors. In this work, porous one-dimensional copper nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (Cu-NCNFs) were successfully prepared via the coupled process of electrospinning technology and high-temperature pyrolysis. This coupling of multiple processes and the introduction of heteroatoms pyrolyzed the HKUST-1 particles to generate three-dimensional Cu-doped carbon octahedra and mosaic them inside the one-dimensional carbon nitride channels, obtaining small-sized Cu particles while introducing a large number of N species, and constructing a three-dimensional MOFs-derived metal-carbon hybrid one-dimensional multistage carbon nitride structure. The resulting Cu-NCNFs sensor could simultaneously determine acetaminophen and sulfanilamide and exhibit superior electroanalytical performance, reproducibility, stability, and selectivity. This strategy provides a new approach to preparing novel signal amplification elements for the efficient monitoring of micropollutants.

Selective Gas Sensing under a Mixed Gas Flow with a One-Dimensional Copper Coordination Polymer.

Structural changes of the coordination polymer associated with gas adsorption (gate opening-type adsorption) can be linked to bulk physical properties such as magnetism, electrical conductivity, and dielectric properties. To enable real-space sensing applications, it is imperative to have a system where the selective adsorption of mixed gases can be correlated with physical properties. In this report, we demonstrate that a crystalline sample of one-dimensional (1D) coordination polymer exhibits selective CO2 adsorption while simultaneously displaying dielectric switching behavior in a mixed N2/CO2 gas environment. In the crystal of {[Cu2(2-TPA)4(pz)]·CH3CN}n (1·CH3CN), where 2-TPA and pz are 2-thiophencarboxylate and pyrazine, respectively, paddle wheel-type units of [Cu2(2-TPA)4] are bridged by pz, forming a 1D chain structure. One of the two crystallographically independent 2-TPA units was interacted with the pz moiety of the adjacent 1D chain by π···π interactions, forming a two-dimensional (2D) layer parallel to the ab plane. Activated 1 shows selective CO2 adsorption by a gate opening-type adsorption mechanism, indicating that the CO2 adsorption process is accompanied by a structural change. The change in the real part of dielectric permittivity (ε') under the mixed N2/CO2 gas flow is a result of the selective CO2 adsorption, which was supported by the enthalpy changes (ΔH) associated with CO2 adsorption in two methods: CO2 adsorption isotherms and temperature-dependent measurements of ε' under a mixed N2/CO2 gas flow. The calculated ΔH values were found to be in good agreement across both methods. The CO2 ratio in the mixed N2/CO2 gas flow increased, and the switching ratio of ε' (Δε') also increased. Notably, Δε' exhibited a marked increase beyond the pressure required for gate opening adsorption.

One-Dimensional copper(II) coordination polymer based on 1,2-bis-(4-pyridyl) ethane and 1,10-phenathroline

The one dimensional copper(II) coordination polymer {[Cu(phen)(bpe)(NO3)(H2O)](NO3)(H2O)}n (1) has been synthesized using [Cu(phen)2(NO3)2] (where phen = 1′10-phenanthroline and linker bpe = 1,2-bis-(4-pyridyl) ethane. Complex 1 was characterised by using elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The copper(II) ion is octahedrally coordinated with two nitrogen donor atoms from two bpe, two nitrogen donor atoms from phen, one oxygen donor atom from water and one oxygen donor atom from nitrato. Each 1D polymeric chain is connected to another chain via hydrogen bonding and p....p stacking interaction to form 3D network structures.

Polymeric copper(ii) and dimeric oxovanadium(v) complexes of amide-imine conjugate: bilirubin recognition and green catalysis.

An exceptionally simple amide-imine conjugate, (E)-N'-(4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzohydrazide (L), derived by the condensation of 4-methyl-benzoic acid hydrazide (PTA) with 4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde was utilized to prepare a dimeric oxo-vanadium (V1) and a one-dimensional (1D) copper(ii) coordination polymer (C1). The structures of L, V1 and C1 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The experimental results indicate that V1 is a promising green catalyst for the oxidation of sulfide, whereas C1 has potential for a C-S cross-coupling reaction in a greener way. Most importantly, C1 is an efficient 'turn-on' fluorescence sensor for bilirubin that functions via a ligand displacement approach. The displacement equilibrium constant is 7.78 × 105 M-1. The detection limit for bilirubin is 1.15 nM in aqueous chloroform (chloroform/water, 1/4, v/v, PBS buffer, and pH 8.0).

One-dimensional copper bromide based inorganic-organic hybrids as fuels for hypergolic bipropellants with hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer

In this work, a series of unprecedented one-dimensional (1D) copper bromide-based inorganic–organic hybrids were synthesized as hypergolic fuels. In the absence of promoters, all 1D hybrids exhibited good hypergolic activity toward oxidant HTP (H2O2 with concentration of >95 %). Among the hybrids, the 1-propargyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide-based complex achieved the shortest ignition delay (ID) of 12 ms. The structure-performance relationships revealed that the abundant copper alkynyl bonds distributed in the 1D infinite Cu-Br chain functioned as interconnecting hotspots, which greatly promote the hypergolic efficiency. This work demonstrates that the hybrids combined with HTP have potential applications as green hypergolic bipropellants for rocket.

Anomalous transport regime in a non-Hermitian Anderson-localized hybrid system

In a disordered environment, the average transmission of a propagating wave falls with increasing disorder. Beyond a crossover, transport is arrested because the wave is trapped in the bulk of the sample with exponentially decaying coupling to the boundaries due to Anderson localization. Here, we report the experimental demonstration of anomalous transport of hybrid particles under localizing disorder in a non-Hermitian setting. We create hybrid polariton-photon states in a one-dimensional copper sample with a comb-shaped periodic microstructure designed for microwave frequencies. Non-Hermiticity arises from multiple loss channels existing in the real experimental sample. Disorder is introduced by deliberate alterations of the periodic microstructure. Direct measurement of wave functions was achieved by a near-field probe. At a particular disorder, we observe the onset of Anderson localization of the hybrid states attested to by the exponential tails of the wave function. However, at stronger disorder and under conditions that support localization, an unexpected enhancement in the transmission was facilitated by an emergent miniband. The transmission was traced to the hopping of the hybrid particle over multiple coexisting localized resonances that exchange energy due to the nonorthogonality. These emergent states are manifested in all configurations under strong disorder, suggesting a novel transport regime. This is verified by measuring the averaged conductance which indicates an anomalous transport regime in the hybrid, non-Hermitian environment under strong disorder. These experimental observations open up new unexplored avenues in the ambit of disorder under non-Hermitian conditions.

Understanding the Growth of Copper Oxide Nanowires and Layers by Thermal Oxidation over a Broad Temperature Range at Atmospheric Pressure

In this paper, we explore the development of copper oxide layers and their evolution into nanowires on thermally oxidized copper and underlying chemical processes governing the growth of unidirectional, one-dimensional copper oxide (CuO), especially focusing on the role of underlying oxide layers. Extensive experimental data sets of grown nanowires in an ambient atmosphere at different oxidation temperatures and times were collected, analysed, and correlated with theoretical modeling of growth processes. Detailed microstructural analysis revealed that upon annealing in air, the Cu2O layer of randomly oriented columnar grains forms first, followed by preferentially oriented CuO grains, evolving into CuO nanowires. Our results highlight the importance of copper and oxygen diffusion and concentration in equilibrium between Cu2O and CuO phases in the oxide film and indicate that CuO nanowires originate in twinned CuO grains, which elongate due to the twin boundary’s instability. With broad experimental data sets on growth conditions, we obtain the complete picture of experimental and modeled growth of copper oxide nanowires, which will enable the tailored design of nanowires and their implementation in catalysis, sensing, and other applications.

Crystal structure of catena-poly[[[bis-(1-benzyl-imidazole-κN)copper(II)]-μ-sulfato-κ2 O:O'-[tetra-kis-(1-benzyl-imidazole-κN)copper(II)]-μ-sulfato-κ2 O:O'] N,N-di-methyl-formamide disolvate dihydrate

The title one-dimensional copper(II) coordination polymer, {[Cu(SO4)(C10H10N2)3]·C3H7NO·H2O} n or {[Cu(bzi)3(μ-O2SO2)]·H2O·DMF} n (bzi = 1-benz-yl-imidazole, C10H10N2; DMF = N,N-di-methyl-formamide, C3H7NO), is constructed by monodentate bzi ligands and bridging sulfate anions, leading to chains propagating parallel to the c axis. Within a chain, there are two crystallographic independent CuII ions, each with site symmetry , which form [CuN2O2] and [CuN4O2] polyhedra alternating along the chain direction. The crystal structure is consolidated by weak hydrogen-bonding, C-H⋯π and π-π inter-actions, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.

Experimental and theoretical investigation of structure-magnetic properties relationships in a new heteroleptic one-dimensional triple bridged azido/acetato/DMSO copper (II) coordination polymer

We report the synthesis, structure, and magnetic investigation of a novel one-dimensional copper (II) coordination polymer: formula [Cu(μ1,1N3)(μ1,3OAc)(μ-DMSO)]∞ (1) (OAc=acetate). The connection between neighbouring copper ions arises through a triple bridge involving EO type azide, syn–syn carboxylate and μ-DMSO molecule in apical positions forming an elongated octahedral coordination of copper ions. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show that complex (1) exhibits ferromagnetic intrachain interactions Jchain = +66 cm−1 whereas a metamagnetic behaviour occurs below 2.1 K related with antiferromagnetic inter-chain interactions with a critical field of 600 Oe at 1.8 K. DFT calculations were caried out to rationale the in-chain ferromagnetic interactions between copper ions. We found that the ferromagnetic coupling between copper ions is less sensitive to variation of bond length and/or Cu-N-Cu angle that may be caused by external stimulus such as temperature or pressure.

Multifunctional Catalysis by a One-Dimensional Copper(II) Metal Organic Framework Containing Pre-existing Coordinatively Unsaturated Sites: Intermolecular C-N, C-O, and C-S Cross-Coupling; Stereoselective Intramolecular C-N Coupling; and Aziridination Reactions.

The coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS) are vital in metal-centered catalysis. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provide a unique opportunity to generate and stabilize CUS due to their robust structure. Generally, the generation of CUS in MOFs needs prior activation under heat and high vacuum to remove labile molecules occupying the catalytic sites. Herein, we report a solvothermal synthesis of a ready-to-use copper MOF containing accessible pre-existing CUS that does not need activation. The single crystal X-ray diffraction structure reveals a square planar Cu(II) center with two N-methylimidazoles (Mim) and one benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDC) with the formula unit [CuII(BDC)(Mim)2]n (Cu-1D) forming an infinite one-dimensional (1D) chain along the c axis. The 1D chains are stabilized by noncovalent π-π, CH···π, and H-bonding interaction to give 2D (sheet-like) and 3D networks in the solid state. The quantification of non-covalent interaction is studied by Hirshfeld surface analysis, and the formation of a higher architecture in the solid state is confirmed by SEM analysis. The reported Cu-1D MOF acts as a solid heterogeneous catalyst and exhibits efficient catalytic activity in intermolecular and intramolecular cross-coupling reactions. Intermolecular C-heteroatom cross-coupling of a variety of N-heterocycles, aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic amines and amides (C-N), phenols (C-O), and thiols (C-S) with aryl halides (halide = I, Br) was achieved with 70 to 95% yield, better than the state-of-the-art Cu-based homogenous system. The C-N coupling catalytic cycle is initiated by the in situ reduction of Cu(II) by KOH/DMSO to Cu(I) species. Subsequently, Cu(I) undergoes oxidative addition followed by reductive elimination to form a cross-coupled product. High stereoselectivity was found for the intramolecular C-N coupling reaction to give tetrahydroquinoxalines with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of more than 99%. For a broader application, Cu-1D was applied as the catalyst for the synthesis of a library of aziridines that gives yields of up to 99% with more than 93% recyclability for each cycle.

1D copper (II) based coordination polymer/PANI composite fabrication for enhanced photocatalytic activity

One-dimensional Copper (II) Coordination polymer with pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ligand (CP1) was loaded on PANI through in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline to form 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 12 wt% CP1/PANI composites and study their photcatalytic activities. The photocatalytic efficiencies of CP1 and CP1/PANI composite materials were studied for degradation of methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. Results reveal that CP1/PANI composite materials exhibit higher photocatalytic performances in comparison with that of CP1. The 10 wt %CP1/PANI composite exhibits the highest efficiency of about 88.31 % for the degradation in 210 min. The higher photocatalytic activity of CP1/PANI composite can be credited to the synergistic effect between CP1 and PANI that accelerates the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons (e-) and holes (h+) at the interface between CP1 and PANI. Thus, CP1/PANI composites can be suitably used as an efficient photocatalysts for organic dye degradation.

Fabrication of one-dimensional Bi2WO6/CuBi2O4 heterojunction nanofiber and its photocatalytic degradation property

In this paper, electrospinning method was used to prepare a one-dimensional nanostructured copper bismuthate-bismuth tungstate photocatalyst. The bismuth tungstate nanosheet structure was prepared by solvothermal method, and the copper bismuthate-bismuth tungstate precursor nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning using the doping method. The one-dimensional copper bismuthate-bismuth tungstate nanofiber structure was prepared by the high-temperature decomposition. The results show that the diameter of the bismuth tungstate and copper bismuthate nanofibers is about 280 nm, with continuous and regular fiber morphology. The fibers are composed of semiconductor nano-heterojunction and show good photocatalytic degradation efficiency for tetracycline hydrochloride. After 120 min of illumination, the degradation efficiency is greater than 90%, and it can be recycled and reused. The photocatalytic mechanism analysis showed that the energy band structure of the copper bismuthate-bismuth tungstate nano-semiconductor fiber was a Z-type heterojunction, and the free radical capture experiment showed that h + and •O 2− were main groups involved in oxidation reaction. The structure of high specific surface area of the nanofibers will improve the separation of photo-generated electrons and holes, and the experiment results show it has good performance of photocatalytic. • Electrospinning was used to prepare a one-dimensional nanostructured copper bismuthate-bismuth tungstate photocatalyst. • The fibers are composed of nano-heterojunction and show good photocatalytic performance for tetracycline hydrochloride. • High specific surface area of fibers improves the separation of electrons and holes to show good photocatalytic performance.

Environmentally stable one-dimensional copper halide based ultra-flexible composite film for low-cost X-ray imaging screens

Environmentally stable, low cost, large stokes shift, adjustable area and flexibility are basic factors to prepare scintillator films for their commercial application. Here, a low cost (∼3 $/g) room-temperature ligand-assisted reprecipitation method is used to synthesize one-dimensional crystal structure based on Rb2CuX3 (X = Br, Cl). Rb2CuBr3 exhibits quite high mass yield of 90% with high Photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 59.06%. Importantly, its bright blue emission (90 nm stokes shift) is consistent with the highest optical detection efficiency wavelength range of commercial SiPM. Further characterizations point out that such effective blue emission comes from the recombination of excitons rather than the defects or combination of electron-hole pairs. And the existing strong exciton-photon coupling is conducive to the formation of self-trapped excitons (STEs). Finally, uniform and adjustable area Rb2CuBr3-polystyrene composite films have been successfully obtained. It's fascinating that the films exhibit ultra-flexibility (unchanged performance after multiple bending of 400 times) and excellent stability (subtle attenuation after 30 days of storage in a harsh environment). As an X-ray imaging screen, it presents a sensitive scintillation response to X-ray signals with superior linearity with high-quality images. Therefore, our prepared Rb2CuBr3 scintillator shows great commercial prospects in the field of flexible X-ray detection.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: A new one-dimensional copper(II) coordination polymer: crystal structure and treatment activity on diabetic nephropathy

We, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, have retracted the following article: Pan-Pan Lin, Qiao-Ling Xie & Ling-Wei Chen. A new one-dimensional copper (II) coordination polymer: crystal structure and treatment activity on diabetic nephropathy, Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry. 2021; AHEAD-OF-PRINT, 1-5. DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.1988974 Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data in the article. When approached for an explanation, the authors have been unable to address the concerns raised and have not been able to provide sufficient supporting information. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, we are therefore retracting the article. The corresponding author listed in this publication has been informed. The authors have agreed to retract the article. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.

Mo and Zn-Dual doped CuxO nanocrystals confined High-Conductive Cu arrays as novel sensitive sensor for neurotransmitter detection

The development of sensitive and selective sensors using facile and low-cost methods for detecting neurotransmitter molecules is a critical factor in the health care system in regard to early diagnosis. In this research, an electrocatalyst derived from Mo,Zn dual-doped CuxO nanocrystals-based layer coating over one-dimensional copper nanowire arrays (Mo,Zn-CuxO/CuNWs) was successfully designed using a facile electrodeposition approach and used as an electrochemical sensor for non-enzymatic dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter detection. The synergistic effect caused by the dual-doping effect along with its excellent conductivity produced a large electroactive surface area and an improved hetero-charge transfer, thereby boosting DA sensing ability with a low limit detection of 0.32 µM, wide-range of detection (0.5 µM − 3.9 mM), long-term stability (5 weeks), and high selectivity in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). Also, the sensor accurately determined DA in real blood serum-spiked solutions. The achieved results evidenced that the Mo,Zn-CuxO/CuNWs derived sensor is highly suitable for DA detection. Therefore, it also opens new windows for the development of low-cost, accurate, high-performance, and stable sensors for other neurotransmitter sensing for the purposes of better health care and early diagnosis.