Omentum Transfer Research Articles

The Adipofascial Deltopectoral Flap to Cover the Brachial Plexus in Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and Radiation Plexitis

Revascularisation of the brachial plexus is controversial. Traditional techniques use free tissue transfer of omentum, groin fat or muscle, on the principle of supplying rich quantities of vascularised tissue to wrap around the nerves permitting neural gliding and revascularising the scarred nerves. However, the complexity of an additional microsurgical procedure coupled with uncertainty of their effectiveness have curtailed their clinical application. We describe a local pedicled transposition flap that is a novel modification of the deltopectoral (DP) flap using only the subcutaneous adipofascial tissue vascularised by the medial pectoral perforators. This flap is harvested through the supraclavicular brachial plexus access incision. This avoids free tissue transfer and additional donor scarring, yet provides adequate volumes of well-vascularised tissue for mechanical protection and revascularisation of the plexus. We reviewed sixteen consecutive patients who underwent a pedicled adipofascial DP flap to protect the brachial plexus over the 20-year study period. Inclusion criteria were patients with recurrent thoracic outlet compression and patients with radiation plexitis. At latest follow-up (average 3.6 years), 75% of patients reported the improvement or resolution of symptoms. The majority of patients reported improved pain scores (82%) with an average pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score of 5.1. Patients were very satisfied with scar outcomes, reporting low Vancouver Scar Scale Scores and low scar VAS scores. Post-operative MR imaging, available in 31% of the cohort, demonstrates the maintenance of flap position and vascularity at an average of 2.1 years. This novel and simple technique is recommended in aiding revascularisation and cover of the brachial plexus in recurrent and recalcitrant plexopathy.

Stage-Discharge Prediction for Converging Compound Channels with Narrow Floodplains

AbstractMomentum transfer between a main channel and side floodplains tends to increase the floodplain shear and decrease the main channel shear. The increase and decrease in shear are greatly infl...

Momentum transfer in an agitated vessel with off-centred impellers

AbstractMomentum transfer was investigated in an unbaffled agitated vessel of inner diameter 0.3 m equipped with different off-centred impellers. The distribution of the shear rate on the tank wall as a function of the impeller type and Reynolds number was studied in the turbulent regime of the Newtonian liquid flow. The dependences of the averaged dimensionless shear rate, friction coefficient, and dissipated energy on the Reynolds number and eccentricity ratio were approximated using four-parameter equations.

Effect of drag reducers on transport phenomena in turbulent pipe flow

AbstractMomentum transfer in turbulent pipe flows (d = 51 mm) with and without a drag reducer was studied. Age distributions of coherent fluid structures at the pipe wall were determined at different Reynolds numbers (104<Re<6 × 104) using laser‐Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and a suitable discriminating procedure. Mean ages, mean transfer thicknesses, friction factors, and time‐averaged axial velocity profiles derived from LDV signals were compared with those from axial pressure gradients using the random surface‐renewal model. The distribution of the ages was random, and drag reducers increased the mean age and the mean transfer thickness of the fluid elements at the wall, thus decreasing momentum and heat transfer at the fluid–wall interface. The mechanism of single‐surface renewals was derived from conditionally averaged, local axial fluid velocities obtained from LDV signals.

Pedicled greater omentum transfer to the thoracolumbar spine in a case of pyogenic spondylitis due to MRSA - a case report

A case report of 62-year-old male who was treated with a pedicled greater omentum transfer for thoracolumbar spondylitis due to methicilinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is given. Omentum transfer has been used in many anatomic sites such as scalp, face, oral cavity, upper digestive and respiratory tracts, chest wall, lower trunk, and lower limb since 1963.We report the successful healing to thoracolumbar spondylitis which has infectious dead space due to MRSA. Pedicled greater omentum transfer to the dead space of the infected spine is an option with recurrence of thoracolumbar spondylitis due to MRSA.

Subarachnoid–Pleural Fistulae—Management With a Transdiaphragmatic Pedicled Greater Omental Flap

This report describes the treatment of chronic subarachnoid--pleural fistulae using a pedicled greater omentum transfer flap. To describe a new technique for the management of chronic subarachnoid--pleural fistulae resulting from thoracic dural tears. Thoracic dural tears with leakage of cerebral spinal fluid into the pleural space can occur after thoracic spine surgery. The treatment of chronic subarachnoid--pleural fistulae using an omental flap, however, has not been reported. The clinical, radiographic, and surgical details of two cases are described. Pedicled greater omentum transferred to the thoracic spine was an effective method in the treatment of intractable thoracic dural tears for two patients. These cases demonstrate that pedicled greater omentum transferred to the thoracic spine can be a safe and effective technique for the management of intractable thoracic dural tears and their complications.

Electrical injury of wrist: classification and treatment - clinical analysis of 90 cases

Between January 1980 and December 1989, a prospective study was carried out on 114 upper limbs in 90 patients, which were electrically burned with the wrist as the current entrance site. Based upon extensive clinical investigations of arterial injury and its adverse effect on hand circulation, a grading system is suggested for electrically injured wrists based on the severity of injury. The total amputation rate was 39.4 per cent in this group, which was composed of miscellaneous cases with various injuries. However, in subgroups of Type I to Type IV, the amputation rates were 0, 0, 80 and 100 per cent, respectively. A new method to repair the circumferential wound of an electrically burned wrist as well as to bypass the blood flow to the obstructed hand, using a pedicled greater omentum transfer and vascular anastomosis between gastroepiploic artery and the palmar artery, was successfully used in a Type III case.

A modified halo frame to assist omentum transfer to the scalp

A modification of the halo frame to facilitate management of major scalp wounds is described. It has been used successfully in the management of a major scalp defect covered by a microvascular omental free flap. It has potential application in managing a replanted scalp.

Surgical treatment of actinic brachial plexus lesions: free microvascular transfer of the greater omentum.

Actinic brachial plexus lesions after mastectomy have been treated in 67 cases. Thirty-nine cases have been operated on, 31 of which by means of a free microvascular transfer of the greater omentum. Indications and contraindications of the procedure are discussed, as well as the types of anatomic-pathologic lesions that have been found, and the surgical technique that has been modified and improved over time is presented. Results indicate that free microvascular greater omentum transfer following neurolysis is currently the best method for relief of pain.

Transfert de quantité de mouvement dans un ejecteur liquide—gaz vertical

AbstractMomentum transfer between various liquids and gases has been studied in a vertical liquid‐jet ejector. A correlation based on dimensional analysis has been developed to predict entrained gas quantity as a function of various physical and transport properties of the system.

Microvascular surgery in plastic surgery: Free‐tissue transfer

Progress in microvascular surgery has made possible important advances in reimplantation and transplantation. The author briefly reviews the success of early pioneers of these procedures and discusses the surgical equipment required and the techniques that he uses for microvascular anastomoses. A discussion of the clinical applications of free skin flap transfers, free transfer of omentum and muscle, toe-to-hand transplantation, and vascularized bone grafts, with brief case reports from the author's experience, is included.

Coherent photoproduction of the πO meson on deuterium

The differential cross section of the reaction γD → π O D has been measured at constant omentum transfer, using a counter technique, in a large kinematical region, ranging from 240 MeV/ c to 1000 MeV/ c momentum transfer and from 220 MeV to 1400 MeV lab proton energy.