Oleifera Leaf Extract Research Articles

Dermatoprotective effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on sodium valproate-induced skin damage in rats

Valproic acid is an antiepileptic drug associated with skin-related issues like excessive hair growth, hair loss, and skin rashes. In contrast, Moringa oleifera, rich in nutrients and antioxidants, is gaining popularity worldwide for its medicinal properties. The protective properties of M. oleifera extract against skin-related side effects caused by valproic acid were investigated. Female rats were divided into control groups and experimental groups such as moringa, sodium valproate, and sodium valproate + moringa groups. A 70% ethanolic extract of moringa (0.3 g/kg/day) was given to moringa groups, and a single dose of sodium valproate (0.5 g/kg/day) was given to valproate groups for 15 days. In the skin samples, antioxidant parameters (such as glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity), as well as oxidant parameters representing oxidative stress (i.e. lipid peroxidation, sialic acid, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and total oxidant capacity), were examined. Additionally, boron, hydroxyproline, sodium-potassium ATPase, and tissue factor values were determined. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was also carried out for protein analysis in the skin samples. The results showed that moringa could increase glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, sodium-potassium ATPase, and boron levels, while decreasing lipid peroxidation, sialic acid, nitric oxide, total oxidant capacity, reactive oxygen species, hydroxyproline, and tissue factor levels. These findings imply that moringa possesses the potential to mitigate dermatological side effects.

Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Moringa oleifera Extract against Staphylococcus aureus Identified by Routine and Molecular Methods

Abstract Background: Many diseases caused by bacterial and viral infections may now be treated using herbal extracts instead of chemical drugs. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts against the bacterium employed in the experiment, as a commensal. Staphylococcus aureus can be found on the skin and in the nasal flora. It can also cause invasive, localized illnesses. Many virulence factors are present in S. aureus. It is recognized by routine and molecular methods depending on Vick Staphylococcal gene. Material and Methods: Phytochemical analysis of high polarity solvent leaves was done by using ethanol. Phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, and other compounds in the extract. Using the well-diffusion method, the antibacterial effect of the extracts on microorganisms was investigated. Results: The ethanol extract proved potent against pathogenic microorganisms, with S. aureus showing the highest activity (10–100 mg/mL). In comparison to the concentrations of alcoholic extracts, the zones’ inhibition of bacterial growth in diameters increased. However, dosages of 80–100 mg/mL were highly effective and significant against S. aureus growth, whereas concentrations of 10–20 mg/mL had low post-detected efficiency and concentrations of 40–60 mg/mL had medium post-detected efficiency. Conclusion: These studies demonstrate the validity of the plant’s traditional medicinal properties.

Exploring the antioxidant potential of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts mitigating doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male rats.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used drug in chemotherapy for cancer treatment. However, it can cause the threatening side effect of cardiotoxicity. This study investigates whether the hydro-alcoholic leaves of Moringa oleifera have any protective potential against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. The phytochemical analysis showed that the plant extracts contained bioactive compounds with antioxidant activities. The DOX-treated group confirmed a significant increment in cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, which indicates damage to the cardiomyocytes and also inflammation. However, treatment with the M. oleifera extracts significantly inhibited DOX-induced cardiomyocyte damage, as indicated by the significantly low cTnI release. Furthermore, treatment with M. oleifera extracts further increased antioxidant activities, thereby decreasing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, DOX was found to increase the IL-6 level, and treatment with M. oleifera extracts had a significant impact on the inhibition of IL-6 levels. These results indicate that the M. oleifera extracts have a cardioprotective effect and can play a role as an adjunct drug in mitigating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, thus providing new prospects for the improvement of safety and efficacy in the treatment of cancer.

Alleviation of hexavalent chromium induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster using leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera and Bacopa monnieri

Aim: The present study assessed the potential of Moringa oleifera and Bacopa monnieri leaf extracts in amelioration of Cr (VI) induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Methodology: The 96 hr lethal dose (LD50) of chromium was determined by exposing flies to varied doses (10, 20, 30,40,50,60 mg kg-1) of Cr (VI) through diet. Later, flies were exposed to 0, 30 and 50 mg kg-1 of Cr and treated with leaf extracts to evaluate their alleviating effect on lipid peroxidation, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase. In silico studies analyzed the binding pattern of potential bioactive compounds in leaf extracts to the proposed target proteins. Results: LD50 was 50 mg kg-1 obtained through. The lipid peroxidation increased 2 folds with increase in Cr (VI), however, on treatment concentration with leaf extracts it decreased 1.5 times. While glutathione-s-transferase activity was reduced by 50% in Cr (VI) treated flies, the activity significantly increased by 66% and 76% after treatment with Bacopa and Moringa leaf extracts. Catalase activity showed 50% decrease in the flies treated with Cr (VI), while combined treatment of Cr (VI) and leaf extracts showed a significant increase (1.5 times) in catalase activity suggesting recovery. Molecular docking studies on the active phytochemicals of leaf extracts demonstrated their antioxidant potential on par with taurine (ligand), a known antioxidant. Interpretation: The leaf extracts significantly alleviated the Cr (VI) induced oxidative stress, promising a natural therapy to overcome the harmful effects of Cr (VI) exposure in life forms. Key words: Bacopa monneiri, Chromium toxicity, Drosophila melanogaster, Moringa oleifera, Oxidative stress

Preliminary Study: Antimicrobial Permeation and Release Rates of Biocellulose Wound Dressing Produced Using Acetobacter Xylinum 0416 in Pineapple Peel Waste Culture

Modern wound dressings are employed to hasten the healing of damaged skin. Alginate, foam, hydrogel, hydrocolloid and film are contemporary wound dressings. These contemporary wound dressings are effective for treating wounds because they keep moisture in the wound to help the skin of the damaged tissue heal. Another application for biocellulose (BC) is as a material for treating wounds. This is because biocellulose can absorb exudates from skin wounds and has a considerable water-holding capacity. Because pineapple peel waste has a high concentration of glucose and fructose, it can be used as a fermentation medium to make biocellulose. The manufacture of biocellulose also makes use of the bacterium Acetobacter xylinum 0416. The biocellulose fermentation process lasts five days at 30 °C in an incubator with static conditions. Utilising antimicrobial agents such as silver nanoparticle compounds, Moringa oleifera, or Melastoma malabathricum leaf extract will improve the antibacterial capabilities of biocellulose. The growth of A. xylinum 0416 indicates an exponential phase at 48 hours, where the number of bacterial cells increases, and the process of transferring 20% of the inoculum to the fermentation medium is carried out. BC fermentation in 6-well plates with 3 ml of pineapple peel extract volume at 30°C and pH 5.15 recorded the highest BC wet weight reading at 1.740g and an average of 1.393g. Low concentrations of silver nanoparticles and Moringa leaf extract at 0.02mg/ml, 5mg/l and 0.0125mg/l showed a good effect against the pathogen. The water absorption capacity of the raw BC shows a good absorption value of 144.84.

Green synthesis of a dual-functional sulfur nanofertilizer to promote growth and enhance salt stress resilience in faba bean

BackgroundSalinity is a major abiotic stress, and the use of saline water in the agricultural sector will incur greater demand under the current and future climate changing scenarios. The objective of this study was to develop a dual-functional nanofertilizer capable of releasing a micronutrient that nourishes plant growth while enhancing salt stress resilience in faba bean (Vicia faba L.).ResultsMoringa oleifera leaf extract was used to synthesize sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs), which were applied as a foliar spray at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/l) to mitigate the negative effects of salt stress (150 mM NaCl) on faba bean plants. The SNPs were characterized and found to be spherical in shape with an average size of 10.98 ± 2.91 nm. The results showed that salt stress had detrimental effects on the growth and photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm) of faba bean compared with control, while foliar spraying with SNPs improved these parameters under salinity stress. SNPs application also increased the levels of osmolytes (soluble sugars, amino acids, proline, and glycine betaine) and nonenzymatic antioxidants, while reducing the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA and H2O2). Moreover, SNPs treatment under salinity stress stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO)) and upregulated the expression of stress-responsive genes: chlorophyll a-b binding protein of LHCII type 1-like (Lhcb1), ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain-like (RbcL), cell wall invertase I (CWINV1), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), and ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1 (ERF1), with the greatest upregulation observed at 50 mg/l SNPs.ConclusionOverall, foliar application of sulfur nanofertilizers in agriculture could improve productivity while minimizing the deleterious effects of salt stress on plants. Therefore, this study provides a strong foundation for future research focused on evaluating the replacement of conventional sulfur-containing fertilizers with their nanoforms to reduce the harmful effects of salinity stress and enhance the productivity of faba beans.

Management of Tomato Bacterial Canker Disease by the Green Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles

Bacterial canker disease caused by Clavibacter michiganensis is a substantial threat to the cultivation of tomatoes, leading to considerable economic losses and global food insecurity. Infection is characterized by white raised lesions on leaves, stem, and fruits with yellow to tan patches between veins, and marginal necrosis. Several agrochemical substances have been reported in previous studies to manage this disease but these were not ecofriendly. Thus present study was designed to control the bacterial canker disease in tomato using green fabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNps). Nanosilver particles (AgNPs) were synthesized utilizing Moringa oleifera leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). FTIR showed presence of bioactive compounds in green fabricated AgNPs and UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band in the range of 350 nm to 355 nm. SEM showed the rectangular segments fused together, and XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of the synthesized AgNPs. The presence of metallic silver ions was confirmed by an EDX detector. Different concentrations (10, 20, 30, and 40 ppm) of the green fabricated AgNPs were exogenously applied on tomato before applying an inoculum of Clavibacter michigensis to record the bacterial canker disease incidence at different day intervals. The optimal concentration of AgNPs was found to be 30 µg/mg that exhibited the most favorable impact on morphological (shoot length, root length, plant fresh and dry weights, root fresh and dry weights) and physiological parameters (chlorophyll contents, membrane stability index, and relative water content) as well as biochemical parameters (proline, total soluble sugar and catalase activity). These findings indicated a noteworthy reduction in biotic stress through the increase of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities by the green fabricated AgNPs. This study marks a first biocompatible approach in assessing the potential of green fabricated AgNPs in enhancing the well-being of tomato plants that affected with bacterial canker and establishing an effective management strategy against Clavibacter michiganensis. This is the first study suggests that low concentration of green fabricated nanosilvers (AgNPs) from leaf extract of Moringa oleifera against Clavibacter michiganensis is a promisingly efficient and eco-friendly alternative approach for management of bacterial canker disease in tomato crop.

Fabrication and characterization of bio-nanocomposite from sweet potato starch and Moringa oleifera leaf extract loaded with carbon quantum dots from Coffea arabica grounds

The study aims to generate and characterize a bio-nanocomposite film derived from sweet potato starch and Moringa oleifera leaf extract and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from Arabica coffee grounds employing the solvent casting method. The effect of various concentrations of CQDs (0–400 ppm) was investigated on the physicochemical properties, UV-barrier, antioxidant properties, and biodegradability of the bionanocomposite (BNC) films. The morphological surface of the bio-nanocomposite was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed to evaluate the thermal stability of the samples. Mechanical properties, including tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB), were also assessed. The results show that the incorporation of CQDs with starch-based biofilms had a remarkable impact on the properties of BNC. SEM images confirm the homogeneous structure of the films with slight granulations. Colorimetric analysis indicates the increase in color difference of BNCs as the concentration of CQDs varied. The BNC100 formulation confirmed batter opacity, transparency, and UV-barrier properties while BNC50 possessed significant improvement in tensile, elongation as well as a substantial increase in the melting point. FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed proper chemical interactions among the components within the polymeric structure of the BNC film. In addition, CQD integration has also steadily enhanced the antioxidant properties and biodegradability of BNC films. The fabricated films with CQDs have demonstrated a better quality in terms of optical properties, physical properties, thermomechanical properties, biodegradation rate, and antioxidant behavior that suggest the film's application in food packaging or other relevant fields.

Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Salmonella, toxicity and biochemical effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts in mice

Abstract. Ngemenya MN, Itoe LO, Awah LA, Asongana R, Ndip RA. 2024. Antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Salmonella, toxicity and biochemical effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts in mice. Asian J Nat Prod Biochem 22: 43-50. The emergence of multidrug resistance has significantly compromised the treatment of Salmonella infections. The anti-Salmonella activity, toxicity, and biochemical effects of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf crude extracts were studied by disc diffusion and microdilution against Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) strains. Cytotoxicity was investigated on monkey kidney epithelial cells (LLCMK2) and acute toxicity in BALB/c mice. Both hexane (MOHEX) and methanol (MOMET) extracts produced small zones of inhibition of 8mm at 1 mg and 2 mg per disc, indicating weak activity, but the minimum inhibitory concentration showed high (0.0625 mg/mL) to low activity (10 mg/mL) activity. No minimum bactericidal concentration was recorded at the concentrations tested. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) for methanol and hexane extracts were 2524 µg/mL and 5004 µg/mL, respectively, indicating a low risk of toxicity. No mortality or adverse effects were recorded in the acute toxicity test. Both extracts had no significant effects (p < 0.05) on renal function and one liver enzyme (alanine aminotransferase), but MOMET significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.04), suggesting possible liver toxicity. The study shows that M. oleifera leaves possess bacteriostatic activity against multidrug-resistant Salmonella and are non-toxic; hence, it is a potential alternative treatment against multidrug-resistant Salmonella. Further studies of fractions and pure natural products of the extracts should be pursued.

Effects of Quercetin Fraction from Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Oxidative Markers and Histological Profile of Carotid and Coronary Arteries: An Experimental Animal Study

Effects of Quercetin Fraction from Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Oxidative Markers and Histological Profile of Carotid and Coronary Arteries: An Experimental Animal Study

Assessment of the Proximate and Mineral Compositions of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extracts, the Carcass and Eggs of African Clariid Catfish, Heterobranchus bidorsalis

The need to optimize feed efficiency, feed digestibility and improve metabolism, growth, and reproductive performance of fish has necessitated the use of phytogenic feed additives in aquaculture. A Study was carried out to assess the Proximate and mineral compositions of aqueous and ethanolic Moringa oleifera leave extracts (AMOLE and EMOLE respectively) according to standard procedures. Consequently, these two extracts were used to formulate test diets containing 0.00/100g (control), 1.0g/100g, 2.0g/100g and 3.0g/100g inclusion levels. H. bidorsalis samples (n=216; 800.00+150.00g; 37.50±1.5cm) were randomly distributed in triplicate into 24 concrete tanks of size 6m x 4m x1.3m in a completely randomized 2x4 factorial design and fed at 5% body weight twice daily for 16 weeks. The proximate and mineral compositions of the diets was determined while the carcass and the eggs nutrients compositions were subsequently assessed. The proximate composition of the eggs were significantly higher in crude protein contents than the CP in the MOLE (34.14±0.05), AMOLE (38.84±0.17) and EMOLE (38.44±0.07) diets and the Carcass (37.46±0.28) with range (72.32±0.41 (control) - 78.78±0.58 % (3.0/100g)) while the ash (1.44±0.10 (3g/100g - 2.41±0.10% (control)) and ether (2.88±0.09 (3.0/100g) - 3.25±0.9% (control) ) contents where significantly lower than the highest contents of ash (20.01±0.27%) recorded in fish fed 2.0/100g AMOLE diet and (7.94±0.05%) ether recorded in the control diet. Aqueous extraction method had the highest significant (P<0.05) retention of mineral concentrations: Ca (21.04), P (14.89), Mg (16.40), Na (23.33), K (65.57), Fe (10.67), Cu (6.48) and Zn (5.55) compare to ethanolic extraction method: Ca (2.87), P (12.65), Mg (7.65), Na (19.24), K (13.76), Fe (9.07), Cu (2.40) and Zn (2.32). For the carcass, only Manganese, Iron and Copper compositions were significant (P<0.05) among all treatment groups and the control. These findings have far reaching nutritional importance in the healthcare system and will help to address undernutrition in fish broodstock management in a cost effective manner. Thus, the use of M. oleifera leaves extracts as phytogenic feed additives and nutrients booster should be encouraged and sustained towards sustainable aquaculture development.

Effects of Neem, Moringa, and Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Coating on Postharvest Shelf Life and Quality Retention of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

This study aimed to investigate the effects of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), Azadirachta indica (neem), and Moringa oleifera (moringa) leaf extracts on the shelf life and quality retention of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits during storage. Thirty-five (35) red, matured tomato fruits were collected, rinsed and grouped for each treatment with AgNPs, neem and moringa coating: Control (n=5), moringa aqueous leaf extract (MALE) (n=5), neem aqueous leaf extract (NALE) (n=5), 1:9 and 6:4 moringa aqueous leaf extract synthesized silver nanoparticles (MALE-AgNPs) (n=5), 1:9 and 6:4 neem aqueous leaf extract synthesized silver nanoparticles (NALE-AgNPs) (n=5), respectively. The firmness, shelf life, and postharvest decay percentage of the tomato fruits were determined. Additionally, fungi associated with the postharvest deterioration of the fruits were isolated and identified using standard procedures. From the results of this study, tomato fruits coated with either neem or moringa crude extract showed the longest shelf life, as compared to the coating with AgNPs. Additionally, two fungi, namely Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus, were isolated from the decayed tomato fruits. In conclusion, the neem and moringa leaf extracts are effective in the extension of the shelf life and retention of the quality of tomato fruits.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using medicinal plant Moringa oleifera leaf extract and assessment of its antioxidant activity

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using medicinal plant Moringa oleifera leaf extract and assessment of its antioxidant activity

Response of Yield, Quality, and Bioactive Constituents of Green Onion to Foliar Spraying with Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract and Yeast Extract

Response of Yield, Quality, and Bioactive Constituents of Green Onion to Foliar Spraying with Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract and Yeast Extract

Effect Of Variations In Concentration And Length Of Soaking Leaf Extract Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) To Bioavaibility Content Nutrition And Response Antioxidant Flour Bucket (Artocarpus Communist) As Material Raw Making Biscuit MP-ASI

The Effect of Varying Concentrations and Soaking Time of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract on the Bioavailability of Nutritional Content and Antioxidant Response of Breadfruit Flour (Artocarpus Communis) as Raw Material for Making MP-ASI Biscuits. The first 2 years are characterized by very rapid physical and social development and growth which is influenced by food and nutritional intake. The aim is to analyze the effect of variations in concentration and soaking time of Moringa leaf extract on the bioavailability of nutritional content in making MP-ASI biscuits. The research used a multi-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Factor x variation of Moringa leaf extract concentration 0%; 10%; 20% and 30% and the y factor is the soaking time for 6 hours; 12 hours and 18 hours, each treatment was repeated 3 times. Data Analysis Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). significant differences in treatment in DMRT analysis. The research results show that the treatment with a concentration of Moringa leaf extract of 30% with a soaking time of 18 hours because the average shows an increase in the antioxidant response and good nutritional content, the antioxidant response is 77.51 ppm (strong), vitamin A 356.08 μg/100, iron (Fe) 9.03 mgFe/ 100. For protein, carbohydrates, fat, water and ash, the best results were obtained from a combination treatment of 30% Moringa leaf extract with a soaking time of 6 hours, namely, 10.13% protein, 41.43% carbohydrates, 8.71% fat, 4.95% water and 1.64% ash. There is an influence of variations in concentration and soaking time on the response of antioxidants, protein, carbohydrates, fat, in MP-ASI biscuits as shown by the ρ value 0.000 < α 0.05.

The curative effect of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaf in an animal model of liver fibrosis

Studies about the prevention effect of Moringa oleifera on liver fibrosis has been reported. However, its curative effect has not been reported, yet. This study was conducted to evaluate the curative effect of M. oleifera leaf extract on liver fibrosis. It was a laboratory experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. Rats were divided into 5 groups i.e. normal control which received intraperitoneally injections of 1 mL/kg BW of 0.9% NaCl solution twice a wk for 11 wk. Liver fibrosis control which received intraperitoneally injections of 1 mL/kg BW of 10% CCl4 solution twice a wk for 11 wk. Three M. oleifera treatment group which received intraperitoneally injections of 1 mL/kg BW of 10% CCl4 solution twice a wk for 11 wk continued by M. oleifera leaf ethanolic extract at dose of 600 mg/kg BW daily for 3 (MO3), 6 (MO6), and 10 (MO10) wk, respectively. The liver fibrosis level was assessed based on the METAVIR score. Histopathological analysis of liver tissues demonstrated that the 11-week CCl4 induction successfully resulted in liver fibrosis in rats (F3 and F4). The administration of M. oleifera leaf ethanolic extract decreased METAVIR scores ranged from F3 to F1. The optimal reduction of the METAVIR scores (F1) was observed in MO3 group after 6 wk administration (p<0.05). It was indicated that M. oleifera leaf ethanolic extract ameliorated liver fibrosis. In conclusion, M. oleifera leaf ethanolic extract has a curative effect against liver fibrosis.

GC-MS Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anticancer, Cytotoxicity, and Hypoglycemic Properties of the Libyan Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Mice

GC-MS Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anticancer, Cytotoxicity, and Hypoglycemic Properties of the Libyan Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Mice

Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates

In response to the escalating concerns surrounding antibiotic resistance and associated side effects, interest in plant extracts and bioactive compounds derived from medicinal herbs has been resurgent. This study investigates the Phytochemical Screening, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) Analysis, and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts against clinical isolates. Utilizing aqueous and ethanolic extractions, the study determined the yield percentages as 16.25% and 7.14%, respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins in both extracts, with the absence of phenol. The antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method, showing inhibitory effects against the tested isolates. The ethanolic extract exhibited superior antibacterial activity, with a maximum zone of inhibition (17mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 800mg/ml. The aqueous extract demonstrated a maximum zone of inhibition (12mm) against the same bacterium at the same concentration. Comparative analysis with standard antibiotics revealed competitive inhibitory effects, especially against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, GCMS analysis identified sixteen phytochemical compounds in the ethanolic extract and eleven in the aqueous extract. The findings underscore the significant antibacterial potential of Moringa oleifera extracts, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The GC-MS results provide crucial insights into the bioactive chemical profile, supporting the potential therapeutic applications of Moringa oleifera in combating various infections. This study contributes valuable knowledge to exploring alternative treatments amid growing antibiotic resistance concerns.

Chemical and sensory properties evaluations in sea salt fortified with Moringa oleifera leaf extract

As a natural ingredient containing many nutrients and beneficial to human health, Moringa oleifera leaf extract can be used as a food-fortification ingredient. Fortifying daily seasonings such as salt with M. oleifera leaf extract can help to fulfill human daily nutrition requirements and deliver health benefits. This research aimed to study the influence of fortifying sea salt with M. oleifera leaf extract on the product's chemical characteristics and sensory properties. M. oleifera leaf extract was added into fine salt with different concentrations of 20% and 40% (w/v) and heated at 55℃ for 10 mins. The chemical properties were analysed to evaluate the nutritional properties of the product, for instance, β-carotene, vitamin C, moisture and NaCl content. Subsequently, sensory properties are presented to assess product preference from panellists. The result showed that the β-carotene and vitamin C in 20% and 40% treatments were 12.641 to 27.922 μg/ kg and 5.06 to 7.392 mg/kg, respectively. The moisture content in control, 20%, and 40% treatments were all below 5%. NaCl content, as the major compound in the product, was affected by adding M. oleifera leaf extract into the product. Applying 40% M. oleifera leaf extract to the salt significantly decreased the NaCl content of the product compared with 20% treatment and control. All sensory properties attributes have decreased as an increase of M. oleifera leaf extract concentration. Compared with the 40% treatment, the 20% treatment showed a higher value of sensory properties. A preference for salt fortification was also shown at the 20% treatment in the neutral midpoint. Thus, an additional 20% of M. oleifera leaf extract provided higher nutritional content than the control and was more acceptable to consumers than the 40% treatment.

Effect of moringa oleifera with pure and Zn-doped Mn and Ni nanoferrites for hyperthermia applications

Nanoferrites like spinel manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) and inverse spinel nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) have an efficient heating deportment to the destruction of neoplasm. The incorporation of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf extracts with magnetic nanoparticles as heat mediators is an effective approach for treating magnetic hyperthermia. This study investigated the potential heating behavior of bare, Zn-doped MnFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with Moringa oleifera leaf extracts as magnetic hyperthermia agents. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed the spherical-like morphology of MnFe2O4 NPs with no impurities in the EDX spectra. X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the cubic spinel and inverse spinel structure for MnFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 NPs, respectively. Magnetic properties of the prepared nanoferrites exhibit low coercivity values (in the range of 13–18 Oe representing superparamagnetic behavior. Further, the binding energies of the prepared nanoferrites were revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effective magnetic anisotropy constant (Keff) was calculated to be around 3.9–5.9 kJ/m3 by electron spin resonance. An increased specific surface area (120.69 m2/g) and wider porosity (17.053 nm) were observed for MnFe2O4/MO NPs through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Thermal properties were investigated by measuring the effective specific absorption rate in an alternating magnetic field ranging from 23 to 31 * 10−9 W/g Oe2 Hz. Results indicated that the green synthesized MnFe2O4/MO NPs are promising agents for magnetic hyperthermia applications in cancer therapy.