Oldenburg Burnout Inventory Research Articles

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of radiation oncologists during COVID-19 pandemic.

Cancer care hospitals are taking measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Doctors and health-care workers might be suffering from burnout. Measures taken to reduce overcrowding in hospitals might be making access to essential cancer care difficult. The study aims to understand changes in practice, levels of burnout, and other psychological aspects in radiation oncologists working in a regional cancer center during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through online Google Forms. The participants who were included in the study were doctors working in the department of radiation oncology. A 25min survey consisting of multiplechoice questions related to the changes at work during COVID19, and standardized questionnaires assessing fear of Covid 19 and burnout. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was used in this study to assess burnout. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale was used to assess fear induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Out of 71 professionals who participated in this study, most of them belonged to the category of residents (84.5%) and the rest were consultants (15.5%). Rescheduling of the patients' radiation treatment to convenient time slots to avoid overcrowding, preferring hypofractionated radiotherapy, and the use of telephonic consultations to prioritize outpatient appointments were the most commonly used measures. The results have shown that 62% of the doctors have experienced symptoms of exhaustion and disengagement, indicating a presence of burnout. However, aspects related to fear of COVID have been revealed to be less prevalent among the participants.

Wypalenie wśród studentów kierunków menedżerskich podczas nauki zdalnej w trakcie pandemii Covid-19 (raport z badań ankietowych)


 
 
 The development of Covid-19 pandemic forced mass use of distance learning in the school system, including higher education. The rapid change and related consequences may contribute to the so-called academic burnout. The fol- lowing research questions are stated in the article: to what extend did management courses students experience academic burnout while distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic? How did distance learning change their academic burnout? Did the mode of study (full-time/external) differentiate students’ opinions? The subject of the study comprised of 172 randomly chosen students of management courses, i.e. Management, Economics and Logistics. A technique of an online survey was made use of, using a compartmentalised and standardised survey questionnaire, including The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory questionnaire – student version (The OLBI-S). It was demonstrated that in the majority of subjects academic burnout increased while distance learning during Covid-19 pandemic. A slightly higher level of burnout was detected in the case of ‘exhaustion’ than ‘disengagement’ scale. Moreover, differen- ces between full-time and external students were noticed, as in general a higher level of burnout characterised the former category of respondents.
 
 

Psychometric Properties of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory in a Portuguese Sample of Aircraft Maintenance Technicians.

From its initial conceptualization as emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal efficacy for the help professions, burnout has received increasing attention in modern times, especially after the 2019 WHO’s inclusion of this syndrome in the ICD-11 list. Burnout can be measured using several psychometric instruments that range in dimensionality, number of items, copyrighted, and free use formats. Here, we report the psychometric properties of data gathered with the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) in a sample of Portuguese Aircraft maintenance technicians. As far as we know, this is the first study addressing the burnout syndrome in this occupational group. Data gathered with the OLBI displayed good evidence of validity related to internal structure, to other variables, with good evidence of reliability. We showed that burnout significantly correlated with mental and physical fatigue emphasizing the vital critical role that these variables play with safety in the aviation industry.

Exploring the Validity Based on Internal Structure of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory – Medical Student (OLBI-MS)

Construct The study gathers validity evidence for the use of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory – Medical Student (OLBI-MS), a 16-item scale used to measure medical student burnout. The 16 items on the OLBI-MS are split to form two subscales, disengagement and exhaustion. Background Medical student burnout has been empirically linked to several detrimental professional and personal consequences. In recognition of the high prevalence of medical student burnout, one recommendation has been to regularly measure burnout using standardized measures that have strong validity evidence for their intended use. The OLBI-MS, a frequently used measure of medical student burnout, was adapted from the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). The OLBI has been studied in many occupational settings and been found to have a two-factor solution in majority of these populations, but there is limited validity evidence available that supports the use of the OLBI-MS subscales in a medical student population. Approach Two years of Association of American Medical College Year 2 Questionnaire data (n = 24,008) were used in the study for a series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The data from the first year (n = 11,586) was randomly split into a confirmatory and exploratory sample, with the data from the second year (n = 12,422) used as a secondary confirmatory sample. Because the questionnaire is administered to medical students during their second year of undergraduate medical education, we consider this a study as providing validity evidence specifically for the measure’s use with that population. Findings The two-factor structure of the OLBI-MS was not empirically supported in the second year medical-student population. Several of the items had low inter-item correlations and/or moderate correlations with unexpected items. Three modified versions of the OLBI-MS were tested using subsets of the original items. Two of the modified versions were adequate statistical explanations of the relationships in the data. However, it is unclear if these revised scales appropriately measure all aspects of the construct of burnout and additional validity evidence is needed prior to their use. Conclusions The use of the OLBI-MS is not recommended for measuring second-year medical student burnout. It is unclear if the OLBI-MS is appropriate for medical students at all, or if different measures are necessary at different stages in a medical student’s professional development. Additional research is needed to either improve the OLBI-MS or use it as a foundation for a new measure. Supplemental data for this article is available online at at www.tandfonline.com/htlm .

A descriptive study of mental health and burnout among Nigerian medical students.

Increasing attention is being paid to medical students' mental wellbeing globally due in part to their exposure to stressors inherent in medical education and the numerous reports of elevated rates of mental health conditions in this population. This study aimed to identify stressors and determine prevalence rates of psychiatric morbidity, substance use and burnout in a sample of Nigerian medical students. In a cross-sectional online survey, 505 medical students from 25 Nigerian medical schools completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, short version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the CAGE questionnaire and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). The most commonly reported sources of stress were study (75.6%), money (52.3%) and relationships (30.1%). Nine students (1.8%) had received a mental health diagnosis prior to medical school but this number had increased to 29 (5.7%) whilst in medical school, with the majority being cases of anxiety and depressive disorders. The prevalence of psychological distress was 54.5%, but <5% of affected students had received any help for their mental health conditions. Twenty five students (5%) met criteria for problematic alcohol use and 6% had used cannabis. The proportions of students who met criteria for disengagement and exhaustion domains of the OLBI were 84.6% and 77.0% respectively. The prevalence of psychological distress and burnout is high among medical students. Interventions for medical students' well-being should be tailored to their needs and should target risk factors related to personal, organisational and medical school academic structure attributes.

Wellbeing and mental health among medical students in Indonesia: A descriptive study.

Medical students face high pressures to perform academically, which may lead to poor psychological well-being, burnout, and even mental illness. This study aims to evaluate the mental health, degree of burnout and substance misuse among medical students in Indonesia in order to to build a system that supports the prosperity of future doctors. In February to March 2020, we conducted an online survey of Indonesian medical students to assess burnout (using Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, OLBI), minor psychiatric illness (General Health Questionnaire 12, GHQ12), and alcohol abuse (CAGE questionnaire). A total of 1,729 students from 29 universities participated in the study; 93% felt disengaged, 95% felt exhausted, and 74% were identified to have mild psychiatric illness. We discuss potential factors that need to be explored in further research, including further concerns related to developments since the pandemic, and the need for potential interventions at both local and national levels to enhance the wellbeing of medical students.

Analysis of the Sense of Occupational Stress and Burnout Syndrome among Working Physiotherapists-A Pilot Study.

Background and Objectives: As medical service employees, physiotherapists are prone to suffer from job-related stress and are at great risk of experiencing occupational burnout. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the level of generalized stress, occupational burnout syndrome and occupational stress in a group of professionally active physiotherapists and to answer the question: which psychosocial and physical factors (work characteristics) present at the given workplace were perceived as the most stress-inducing in the study group and in various subgroups? Materials and Methods: This study included 70 physiotherapists, mean age 40.1 ± 11.6, employed in sanatoria and outpatient clinics. An authorial survey, the Subjective Assessment Work Questionnaire, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Inventory to Measure Coping Strategies with Stress Mini-COPE were used. Results: The study group of physiotherapists was characterized by a moderate level of stress, a high level of occupational stress and a moderate level of occupational burnout. The most common stressors reported by the participants included the lack of rewards at work, the sense of uncertainty resulting from workplace organization, the sense of threat, social interaction, and the lack of control. Conclusions: The knowledge of the level of occupational stress among health care professionals (including physiotherapists) and, most importantly, the assessment of stress-inducing psychosocial and physical factors present at the given workplace may prove useful while designing a prevention and health protection strategy.

BURNOUT AMONG PEDIATRIC TRAINEES IN INDONESIA: A NATIONAL SURVEY

Background: The intense workload and complex learning environment in pediatric specialist training program may lead to trainees’ burnout. The study aimed to assess burnout and the associated factors among pediatric trainees in Indonesia.Methods: We conducted a multicentre study involving all (15) pediatric training institutions in Indonesia from June to August 2019. A General Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was translated to Indonesian language. The OLBI comprised of 16 questions which assessed exhaustion (8 questions) and disengagement (8 questions). The online questionnaire was self-completed by pediatric trainees in the study sites. Ordinal regressions were performed to assess risk factors (age, marital, sex, resident stage of training, and university) for exhaustion and disengagement.Results: A total of 841 trainees from 15 pediatric training institutions in Indonesia completed the survey (response rate 71.2%). The majority (72.1%) of the trainees was female with mean age of 31.2 ± 2.9 years. The Cronbach’s-alpha was 0.74. The mean exhaustion and disengagement scores were 2.58±0.23 and 2.51±0.23, respectively. The proportion of vigor, mild, moderate and severe exhaustion were 48.3%; 42.0%; 9.0%; and 0.7%, respectively. The proportion of dedicated, mild, moderate and severe disengagement were 36.9%; 46.5%; 14.5%; and 2.1%, respectively. The stage of training (junior-intermediate stage), after adjusted to age, sex and institution was significantly increase the risk for exhaustion [odd ratio 1.47 (95%CI; 1.22-1.76)]. Disengagement level was significantly different among pediatric training institutions (located in Java and outer Java) [odd ratio 0.68 (95%CI; 0.529-0.885)].Conclusion: Burnout was common among pediatric trainees in Indonesia.

Diagnostic Performances of an Occupational Burnout Detection Method Designed for Healthcare Professionals.

Background: We aimed to assess the validity (criterion and cross-cultural validity) and reliability of the first occupational burnout (OB) detection tool designed for healthcare professionals in Belgium in the context of Swiss medical practice. Methods: First, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the Tool. We developed this tool based on the consultation reports of 42 patients and compared its detection to the results of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), filled-in by patients before a consultation. Second, we performed an inter-rater reliability (IRR) assessment on the OB symptoms and detection reached by the Tool between a psychiatrist, two psychologists, and an occupational physician. Results: The Tool correctly identified over 80% of patients with OB, regardless of the cutoff value used for OLBI scores, reflecting its high sensitivity. Conversely, its specificity strongly varied depending on the OLBI cutoff. There was a slight to fair overall agreement between the four raters on the detection of OB and the number of OB symptoms. Around 41% of symptoms showed a substantial to an almost perfect agreement, and 36% showed a slight to a moderate agreement. Conclusions: The Tool seems useful for identifying OB of moderate and strong severity in both the Belgian and Swiss contexts.

Individual Differences and Susceptibility to Burnout Syndrome: Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Its Relation to Exhaustion and Disengagement.

The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity and occupational burnout. This analysis makes it possible to explore the problem of sensitivity as a predictor of burnout syndrome and to discuss adequate coping strategies in the work environment to improve employee well-being. The sample consists of 516 employees (236 women; Mage = 28.97, SD = 6.62 years). The Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS; 27 items) was used to measure sensory processing sensitivity; the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI; 16 items) was used to measure exhaustion and disengagement from work. The analysis of sensitivity is based on the ‘DOES’ model of a highly sensitive person, which includes depth of processing (D), overstimulation (O), emotional reactivity and empathy (E), and sensing the subtle (S). Burnout due to exhaustion and disengagement is analyzed. The factor analysis of the HSPS confirms its three-factor structure. The results indicate significant relationships between sensory processing sensitivity and burnout symptoms. However, the influence of specific aspects of sensitivity on the burnout problem varies: the results indicate that higher emotional reactivity is linked to worse burnout symptoms, but sensing the subtle shows the opposite effect and may be a protective factor against exhaustion. Significant gender differences were observed [F(511,1) = 136.63, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.21]; women revealed a significantly higher level of general sensitivity (Mwomen = 4.66, SD = 0.62) as compared to men (Mmen = 4.01; SD = 0.64). Awareness of one’s high sensory-processing sensitivity and its potential outcomes in the work environment may be essential in order to implement appropriate regulatory strategies. Proactive strategies aimed at reducing prolonged emotional overload may be critical for highly sensitive employees. Recognizing high sensitivity may reduce burnout symptoms and improve well-being at work.

Mental health and wellbeing of Indonesian medical students: A regional comparison study.

Our previous research found very high levels of burnout and mental health problems among medical students across Indonesia, in line with rates in many other countries. This study further analyses the data by comparing six different regions of Indonesia to determine any differences between them on such measures and to look for possible explanations. Our sample of 1,729 students reported high levels of burnout and 'mild' psychiatric illness across all six regions. There were however significant differences between some regions. Sumatran students reported the lowest scores for both the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ12) scales. Sources of stress also varied among regions, with relationships and study the most reported. Further exploration of possible cultural differences is needed as well as prompt mental health support for medical students.

Wellbeing and mental health amongst medical students in Canada.

Research:There is abundant data revealing that there is significant rate of rates of Psychiatric morbidity, psychological stress, and burnout in the medical student population. A core study group in the UK collaborated with 12 countries around the world to review medical student wellness. In this context we surveyed 101 medical students at the Cummings medical school, Calgary, Canada during the height of the COVID pandemic regarding their wellbeing and mental health.Results/main findings:Prior to medical school 27% reported a diagnosis with a mental disorder. Whilst at medical school 21% reported a mental health condition, most commonly an anxiety disorder and or depressive disorder. The most commonly reported source of stress was study at 81%, the second being relationships at 62%, money stress was a significant source of stress for 35%, and finally 10% reported accommodation or housing as stressful. Interestingly only 14% tested CAGE positive but 20% of students reported having taken a non-prescription substance to feel better or regulate their mood. Seventy-five percent of medical students met specific case criteria for exhaustion on the Oldenburg Burnout inventory 74% met criteria for the GHQ questionnaire.Conclusions:These findings confirm that medical students are facing significant stressors during their training. These stressors include, in order of frequency, study, relational, financial, and accommodation issues. Nonprescription Substance use was a common finding as well as exhaustion and psychiatric morbidity. Future interventions pursued will have to address cultural issues as well as the organizational and individual determinates of stress.

Burnout, stress and Type D personality amongst hospital/emergency physicians

IntroductionIn previous studies, physicians have been identified as a high-risk group for burnout.Although the work environment has received more attention than specific determinants of personality traits, the latter might contribute to burnout.Study objective.We aimed to investigate the association of Type D personality, job and organizational determinants with burnout, stress and work engagement as outcome factors among emergency physicians and hospital physicians working in intensive care and surgery departments.We specifically focused on our group of emergency physicians.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, self-report questionnaires were distributed via social media using a specific survey link to 531 Belgian hospital physicians working at the Emergency Department, Intensive Care, and Surgery Department between October 21, 2018, and April 11, 2019. The survey instrument included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, job characteristics, organizational factors, job satisfaction, social support by supervisors and colleagues (Leiden Quality of Work Questionnaire for Medical Doctors) and Type D personality (Distress Scale-14) and as outcomes burnout (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory) and work engagement (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale). A multiple regression analysis was used to examine the associations between the determinants and each of the outcomes with emergency physicians as the study population.ResultsEligible data were available for 436 questionnaires and involved 212 emergency physicians, 162 other hospital physicians (Intensive Care and Surgery Department) and 62 residents concerning both groups of physicians. Type D personality ranged from 28.5 to 29.1% in emergency physicians and other hospital physicians. Additionally, even after correcting for job-related and organizational factors, emergency physicians with Type D personality were seven times more likely to have a high risk for burnout.ConclusionAs a result, this study offers a new perspective on the associations between burnout, stress and Type D personality. Type D personality might be a personality-related risk factor for burnout among emergency physicians. Therefore, we recommend enhanced prevention measures that take into account this individual factor in the further development of coaching programs. Improving the professional well-being of emergency physicians is necessary, especially in the scope of the recent COVID-19 pandemic, which has put a high demand on acute and emergency care departments.

61 Burnout in Core Surgical Trainees and Potential Use of Mindfulness

Abstract Aim Surgical trainees deal with long hours and stressful work content. We aimed to assess the burnout levels in London trainees, and trial a mindfulness intervention. Method London core surgical trainees (CST1) were asked to complete an online survey including validated burnout scoring system (Oldenburg Inventory). 54 of a possible 78 trainees responded (69%). We then asked them to take part in a 2-week mindfulness intervention (approximately 5 minutes a day using the app Headspace). We later resurveyed. Results 60% of trainees who answered the survey feel ‘somewhat’ or ‘completely’ burnt out. Oldenburg burnout inventory calculates 85% of trainees to be ‘disengaged’ and 93% ‘exhausted’. 13/54 trainees completed the mindfulness training. 10 out of 13 trainees found this to be ‘somewhat’ or ‘massively’ helpful for burnout. Conclusions A high percentage of year one surgical trainees can be categorised as burnt out. The low uptake of mindfulness may speak to lack of capacity trainees have to invest in resources that will self-resolve this. We cannot say with significance whether mindfulness helped burnout (and length of trial could be too short) but the majority who did trial report positive experience with mindfulness.

Burnout on the frontline: the impact of COVID-19 on emergency department staff wellbeing.

BackgroundBurnout is a syndrome resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. Healthcare professionals are particularly susceptible to this occupational phenomenon. There is limited literature currently published addressing burnout in the context of the Irish frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectivesOur study aims to determine the rate and degree of burnout present in the emergency department (ED) staff at St. James hospital Dublin (SJH) and at Cork University Hospital (CUH), in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA cross-sectional study was performed on a convenience sample of medical staff and healthcare staff in the ED at Cork University Hospital and St. James Hospital Dublin, two major University Hospital EDs. Burnout was measured using the Oldenburg burnout inventory (OLBI) a standardised 16-question instrument. Participants also provided demographic data and answered several questions relating to the pandemic.ParticipantsNinety-nine participants across two departments responded (a response rate of 30%). All ED cohorts were represented.ResultsBurnout was identified in almost three quarters of respondents (74%). The mean burnout scores were 2.42 (OLBI cut-off 2.18). There was mean disengagement level of 2.25 and a mean exhaustion level of 2.59. There was no statistically significant variance between staff, by demographics (i.e. occupation, years working in the ED, age, or gender). There was no significant difference in burnout rates or scores between St. James Hospital, Dublin, and Cork University Hospital, though the former tended to have a higher rate of burnout at 81% vs the 67% burnout observed in CUH.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic may be contributing to the long-established problem of health care burnout. The trajectory of this disease is still unclear. Consistent, progressive measures to address staff well-being, and support frontline workers, are imperative going forward.

Interest of a Joint Use of Two Diagnostic Tools of Burnout: Comparison between the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory and the Early Detection Tool of Burnout Completed by Physicians.

Most research on burnout is based on self-reported questionnaires. Nevertheless, as far as the clinical judgement is concerned, a lack of consensus about burnout diagnosis constitutes a risk of misdiagnosis. Hence, this study aims to assess the added value of a joint use of two tools and compare their diagnostic accuracy: (1) the early detection tool of burnout, a structured interview guide, and (2) the Oldenburg burnout inventory, a self-reported questionnaire. The interview guide was tested in 2019 by general practitioners and occupational physicians among 123 Belgian patients, who also completed the self-reported questionnaire. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis allowed the identification of a cut-off score for the self-reported questionnaire. Diagnostic accuracy was then contrasted by a McNemar chi-squared test. The interview guide has a significantly higher sensitivity (0.76) than the self-reported questionnaire (0.70), even by comparing the self-reported questionnaires with the interviews of general practitioners and occupational physicians separately. However, both tools have a similar specificity (respectively, 0.60–0.67), except for the occupational physicians’ interviews, where the specificity (0.68) was significantly lower than the self-reported questionnaire (0.70). In conclusion, the early detection tool of burnout is more sensitive than the Oldenburg burnout inventory, but seems less specific. However, by crossing diagnoses reported by patients and by physicians, they both seem useful to support burnout diagnosis.

Evaluation of Perceived Social Stigma and Burnout, among Health-Care Workers Working in COVID-19 Designated Hospital of India

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has notably changed the working and community environment for health-care workers (HCWs) leading to burnout and feeling of being stigmatized by the community due to their work. This study aims at assessing the prevalence of burnout, perceived social stigma, and their demographic and work-related predictors. Methods: A cross-sectional study using Oldenburg Burnout Inventory and perceived stigma scale was carried out among 348 HCWs in COVID-19 designated hospital at Ahmedabad about 6 months after the onset of the outbreak in September 2020. The prevalence of burnout was assessed in two dimensions: disengagement and exhaustion. Severity of each was measured on low, moderate, and high levels. Results: Total 348 HCWs participated in study with a mean age of 28.05 ± 6.75 years. Two hundred and sixty-five (76.15%) HCWs experienced burnout and 200 (57.47%) high levels of perceived stigma. The level of burnout was measured on three severities. Factors which predict high burnout are female gender, lower education, unmarried status, living in a nuclear family, and high perceived stigma. Work characteristics such as duty hours, days of working, monthly income, and work experience does not predict burnout. Intern doctors had high burnout (87.25%, χ 2 = 28.067, P &lt; 0.001) while nurses had high perceived stigma (70.97%, χ 2 = 14.307, P &lt; 0.05). Perceived stigma is positively correlated with burnout (r = 0.26, P &lt; 0.001) with its both components, disengagement (r = 0.19, P &lt; 0.001) and exhaustion (r = 0.30, P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Burnout and stigmatization are prevalent among HCWs. Psychological interventions needed to reduce their burden and improve quality care during pandemic.

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Chinese nurses.

AimThis study aims to develop a reliable and validate Chinese version of Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI).DesignA cross‐sectional validation design was adopted in this study.MethodsAfter obtaining the copyright by contacting with the author, the original English OLBI was developed to Chinese by forward translation, back‐translation, cultural adaptation and a pre‐test (20 nurses). The Chinese OLBI and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were administered to 641 clinical nurses during July and August, 2020. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α coefficient), split reliability (split half coefficient), construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and criterion validity (comparison with MBI, using Pearson correlation analysis) were assessed.ResultsThe Chinese OLBI included 16 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted two factors with a cumulative contribution of 62.245%. Two‐dimensional structure (exhaustion and disengagement) was confirmed. It has good internal consistency (Cronbach's α coefficient values of 0.905, 0.933 and 0.876 for the total questionnaire, exhaustion dimension and disengagement dimension, respectively), split half reliability (split half coefficient = 0.883, p < .01) and criterion validity (r = 0.873, p < .01). Pearson coefficients between 16 items and the scale varied from 0.479–0.765. An acceptable model fit (χ2/df = 2.49, RMSEA = 0.068, TLI = 0.906, CFI = 0.922, SRMR = 0.061) was achieved.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Nursing Students.

Higher education students, especially nursing students, have drawn more attention as a group that is vulnerable to the risk of developing burnout syndrome. To test the psychometric properties of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory in Nursing (OLBI-N). The OLBI-N validity and reliability was tested in a sample of 476 nursing students. The validity was assessed with explorative and confirmative factor analyses. For hypothesis testing, we evaluated the correlation between burnout and academic self-efficacy. Two factors (exhaustion and disengagement) were identified, and the confirmative factor analysis of the OLBI-N yielded a good fit. The OLBI-N was significantly correlated with academic self-efficacy (r = .29, -.37, p < .01). The OLBI-N is a valid, reliable questionnaire for measuring burnout among nursing students.

Are we 'gritty' enough? The importance of 'grit' in O&G training: Association of passion and perseverance with burnout, thriving and career progression.

Objective assessment of grit and its association with burnout in obstetrics and gynaecology (O&G) training is underexplored. This study utilises the Short Grit Scale and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory to investigate the association of grit with burnout, thriving and career progression among O&G trainees and Fellows in Australia/New Zealand. A cross-sectional survey of the RANZCOG (Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists) members was conducted. Participants were categorised by seniority level (core trainees, advanced trainees and Fellows). Mean grit and burnout scores were compared with one-way analyses of variance. Correlation between grit and burnout was estimated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with high vs low burnout. Grit was categorised as low/medium/high for regression models. A total of 751 (26%) participants completed the survey. Fellows reported higher mean grit than core (P=0.02) and advanced trainees (P=0.03), and lower mean burnout than core trainees (P<0.001). Moderate negative correlation was demonstrated between grit and burnout scores (r=-0.34). In the multivariable model, only seniority (adjusted adds ratio (OR): 0.40 for Fellows vs core trainees, P=0.008) and grit levels (adjusted OR:4.52 for low versus high, P<0.001; 2.32 for low vs medium, P=0.001) were significantly associated with burnout. This study demonstrates the protective role of grit in combating burnout among RANZCOG trainees and Fellows. While further well-designed studies are warranted, findings from our study are expected to help the College in developing targeted interventions and subsequently minimise burnout-related adverse outcomes in high-risk groups.