<h3>History</h3> Pathological changes in the temporomandibular joint of early modern man have been reported.<sup>1</sup>The surgeon of the Old Kingdom of Egypt, 3000 B. C., knew the anatomy of this joint. The earliest known surgical text, the Edwin Smith Papyrus,<sup>2</sup>has one case, a "dislocation of the mandible," with the method of reduction that is still used today. In 1842, Cooper is said<sup>3</sup>to have reported snapping in the temporomandibular joint, and in 1887 Annandale<sup>3</sup>repositioned the articular disc and sutured it to the outer side of the joint. Lang has been named<sup>3</sup>as the surgeon who introduced disc extirpation (1909). The role of the dental apparatus in temporomandibular joint disturbances was first noted by Prentiss<sup>4</sup>and Summa<sup>5</sup>in 1918. Costen<sup>6-10</sup>and Goodfriend<sup>1113</sup>in the early 1930's called attention to the diversity of symptoms produced by pathology of the temporomandibular joint,
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