Old-industrial Regions Research Articles

Типология старопромышленных регионов

The article presents an approach to the classification of old-industrial regions, to identify and to give a general characteristic areas of this type. Asked to identify six types of old-industrial regions, each of which is designed graphical model, reflecting the specificity of the socio-economic development of the territory. Presents empirical interpretation typology on the example of old-industrial regions of the Central Federal district of Russia.

Неоиндустриализация как фактор повышения экономической безопасности старопромышленных регионов

This paper proves that the paradigm of the world of the XXI century is neoindustrialization on the basis of alternative strategic goals of the global economy associated with the formation of post-industrial society and financialization neoindustrialization. A systematic proposal for the driving forces and mechanisms for its implementation is suggested. It is shown that target-oriented approach can be successfully used at the regional level as a mechanism for economic neoindustrialization of an old-industrial region. Conceptual approach to developing comprehensive program of industrial development in the industrial region that implements the ideas of neoindustrialization in relation to industry of Sverdlovsk region is presented. It was found that the regional technology platform can be an effective tool for combining the interests of territorial and sectoral development. It is proved that the idea of neoindustrialization can be realized only as a result of wise industrial policy and road map formation for the movement to an entirely new high-tech based industrial development. In the process of forming, the problem of neoindustrialization of a «pure» market as a factor in increasing the economic security is actualized.

Теоретичні аспекти підвищення потенціалу екологізації інноваційної діяльності промислових підприємств старопромислових регіонів

Розглянуто проблему підвищення рівня екологічної складової інноваційної діяльності промислових підприємств старопромислового регіону, визначено підходи до розвитку мотивації екологізації інноваційної діяльності в умовах функціонування промислових підприємств у регіоні, промисловому місті.

The future of old industrial regions in a carbon-constrained world

Even if a global agreement is achieved on climate change issues, it is likely that national policies will continue to differ. Consequently, the competitiveness of some industries could be affected and the so-called ‘carbon leakage’ effect might occur. This effect is more likely for those industries with a risk of relocation. Most of the studies that examine the carbon leakage phenomenon look at implications at the national or supra-national level, and neglect the important fact that some of the key industries affected are highly concentrated in the old industrial regions (OIRs). From a regional perspective, it is clear that these areas are affected more severely by climate policies. Using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, the impacts for one of the most vulnerable sectors – the iron and steel (IS) sector in the European OIR of the Basque Country (BC) – are first examined. The analysis is then replicated for the OIR of the North RhineWestphalia (NRW) region in Germany. The results show that although total effects may be diluted from a national perspective, the economic impact at the regional level may be quite large and may significantly reduce regional gross domestic product (GDP). This has broader implications for the OIRs and suggests a need to further explore policy insights for economic development and adaptation in them.

The Regionale

From 1989 to 1999 the Emscher Park International Building Exhibition (IBA Emscher Park) was an innovative approach to regional development in an old-industrial region by project-based strategies and setting new themes like “change without growth”, “ecological development by urban landscape” and “cultural renewal with industrial heritage”. As a result of this successful strategy in 1997 a new program setup by the State Government of North Rhine-Westphalia was to act as a platform for the promotion of innovative approaches in regional development in the whole country. Six Regionales were launched and implemented along these principles during the 2000 to 2010 period. Two further projects are scheduled to be completed by 2016. The Regionale 2006 in the Bergisch City Triangle of Wuppertal, Solingen and Remscheid in fact covered an early industrialized conurbation on the periphery of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area. The region understood it as a structural program capable of uniting the strategies for inner-city renewal into one course of action with approx. 22 smaller projects—this to raise the profile of the economic location and to carve out the identity of the cultural landscape. Above all, via the thematic complex of Living Industrial and Entrepreneurial Culture, endeavors were made early on to involve the SME community and other committed entrepreneurs in the plans for regional development.

Az ipar hagyományos terei: A régi ipari térségek

A tanulmány tárgya a régi ipari térségek, az ipar 20. századi fejlődésében meghatározó növekedési terek válsága és átalakulása. A továbbiakban először röviden ismertetjük a régi ipari térségek jelentőségét és működésük külső makroökonómiai feltételrendszerét a II. világháború utáni gazdaságokban, kitérve a puha költségvetési korlátok versenytorzító szerepének differenciált értékelésére. Ezt követően bemutatjuk, hogy milyen külső okok vezettek a térségek növekedési pályájának kifulladásához, illetve hogyan jutottak el a válságok okait vizsgáló releváns szakirodalmi elméletek a belső (endogén) tényezők szerepének felismeréséig. Végül megkísérlünk választ adni arra a kérdésre, hogy miként értelmezhető (illetve értelmezhető-e) a régi ipari térségek problémája az államszocialista és posztszocialista gazdaságokban.

Divergent Patterns of Adaptation Among Central European Old Industrial Regions

With the fall of the socialist system, Central European economies underwent a strong industrial crisis, which was particularly damaging to concentrated spaces of mining, heavy industry and mass production. Referred to as Old Industrial Regions (OIRs) or sometimes Old Industrial Areas in regional studies (cf. Steiner, 1985, 2003; Cooke, 1995; Boschma and Lambooy, 1999), these regions experienced widespread economic, social and environmental degradation, and were widely considered the losers of transition processes with prospects of long-term stagnation (Gorzelak, 1998). The failure of socialist economies was strongly associated with images of industrial dereliction and decay; criticisms of the planning system often focused on industrial policy as a central dilemma (e.g. Janossy, 1969; Kornai, 1980; Winiecki, 1986), and some of the early democratic movements also included an environmentalist, anti-industrial element. If we examine the industrial crisis from a comparative perspective, we can find that many of the symptoms which surfaced in post-socialist OIRs had clear antecedents in Western European examples from the 1970s and 1980s, just as the industrialisation of the 1950s and 1960s was comparable to similar, although much less brutal western development campaigns such as in the Italian Mezzogiorno or France’s rural peripheries. Furthermore, it is also possible to speak of

Regionale Effekte einer CO2-Zertifikate-Politik — Ein Problemaufriss

Emissions trading with carbondioxide (CO2 certificates shall probably be the market-oriented instrument of environmental policy with the broadest impact. Consequently, one should also expect considerable spatial effects. Therefore, the question, of what kind these effects will be, should be asked at an early stage so that spatial planning can prepare for them. The analyses of this paper, which due to the lack of experience and consequently of quantitative data can only be of an exploratory kind, show that the spatial effects shall vary greatly. Most probably the consequences will hit the — already disadvantaged — old-industrial regions beyond proportion. As opposed to this, modern agglomerations will be best off, not least because of their stronger power to shift the burden. Under the anyway increasing conflict of interest between national growth and interregional equalization, which spatial planning faces, this is an important result. Thus, if emissions trading increases by volume, as is to be expected, spatial planning has to be prepared early for noticeable spatial effects. To demonstrate the spatial structure and approximate relative importance of this burden, was the intention of this paper.