Ointment Base Research Articles

Topical application of cocoa extract (Theobroma cacao L.) to prevent photoaging by increasing superoxide dismutase levels on wistar rats skin exposed to ultraviolet light A

Background: The latest trend in anti-aging prevention is projected through the use of antioxidants derived from natural ingredients with minimal side effects compared to chemicals. Cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the sources of natural antioxidants with high flavonoid antioxidant content. This study aims to determine the effect of topical application of cocoa extract to prevent photoaging in wistar rats exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA) light. Methods: Experimental research with animal models using 36 wistar rats exposed to UVA and divided into 2 groups, given 10% cocoa extract cream and basic cream on the back area. The parameters assessed were superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in skin tissue. Comparative analysis with independent T-test using SPSS version 21 to compare SOD levels of both groups. Results: Superoxide dismutase levels in both groups were found to be normally distributed (p> 0.05). The results of the comparative test with the Independent T-test found that the mean SOD levels of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group at 8.07 ± 1.99 ng/ml and 5.04 ± 1.54 ng/ml (p< 0.001; 95% CI: 1.82-4.24). Conclusion: Topical application of 10% cocoa extract cream on the skin of Wistar rats exposed to UVA light resulted in higher levels of superoxide dismutase in the rat skin tissue than the control.

Fabrication of geraniol nanophytosomes loaded into polyvinyl alcohol: A new product for the treatment of wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of geraniol nanophytosomes in accelerating the healing process of wounds infected with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a mouse model. The physicochemical properties confirmed physical properties and successful synthesis of the nanophytosomes. Wounds were induced and mice (n = 90) were treated with a base ointment (negative control group) and/or mupirocin (positive control) and also formulations prepared from geraniol (GNL), geraniol nanophytosomes (NPhs-GNL), and PVA/NPhs-GNL. Wound contraction, total bacterial count, pathological parameters and the expressions of bFGF, CD31 and COL1A were also assessed. The results showed that topical administration of mupirocin and PVA/NPhs/GNL increased wound contraction, fibroblast and epithelization and also the expressions of bFGF, CD31 and COL1A while decreased the expression of total bacterial count and edema compared with negative control mice (P = 0.001). The results also showed that PVA/NPhs-GNL and mupirocin could compete and PVA/NPhs-GNL formulation was safe. In conclusion, the prepared formulations accelerated the wound healing process by modulation in proliferative genes. Geraniol nanophytosomes loaded into PVA could improve the healing in infected full-thickness wounds healing process and can be used for the treatment of infected wounds after future clinical studies.

Investigation of Cream and Ointment on Antimicrobial Activity of Mangifera Indica Extract

Abstract: Medicinal plants have curative properties due to the presence of various complex chemicals substances of different composition which are found as secondary plants metabolites in one or more parts of these plants mangifera indica linn ( MIL) is a species of mango in the an acardiaceae family. Phyto constituents in the seed extract may be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the plants. The purpose of the study was to formulate and evaluate the antimicrobial herbal ointments and creams form extract of the antimicrobial herbal ointments and cream bases in different concentration 1%,5%,and 10% the formulation ointments and cream of MIL .we're subjected to evaluation of uniformity of weight measured of ph viscosity, spreadability acute skin irritation study stability study and antimicrobial activity. Our study shows that M.I has high potential as an ointments and creams for topical use .thus the present study concluded that formulation of the M.I are safe and efficient carrier with potent antimicrobial activity.

The effect of topical magnesium on healing of pre-clinical burn wounds

BackgroundMagnesium (Mg) is an essential factor in the healing process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Mg creams on healing burn wounds in the rat model. MethodsTo induce burns under general anaesthesia, a 2 × 2 cm2, 100 °C plate was placed for 12 s between the scapulas in 100 male adult Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were divided into five groups (n = 20); positive control (induced burn without treatment); vehicle control (received daily Eucerin cream base topically); comparative control (induced burn and treated daily with Alpha burn cream topically); Treatment 1 and 2 (received daily Mg cream 2% and 4% topically, respectively). All animals were bled for hematological assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA) and TNF-α and sacrificed on days 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21 after interventions for biomechanical, histological, and stereological studies. ResultsStereologically speaking, in treatment groups an increase in dermal collagen volume and fibroblasts was noticed. In treatment groups, the length of vessels, angiogenesis, and skin stretch increased, but the wound area, MDA, and TNF-α level decreased. ConclusionMg cream was effective in healing burns.

The study of the pharmacological activity of a cream with a white willow bark extract on the model of contact non-allergic dermatitis

Despite the achievements of medicine, dermatological skin diseases are an urgent problem today as the incidence rate increases annually. A promising direction of modern pharmacotherapy of dermatoses is the creation of innovative etiotropic topical agents on a plant basis. Aim. To study the pharmacological activity of a combined cream with a white willow (Salix alba L.) bark extract and zinc perithionate under the conditional name “Pyrisalix” against the background of the experimental non-allergic dermatitis induced by turpentine oil. Materials and methods. As the study object, a cream made with the active substances of a thick extract of white willow bark and zinc perithionate on a cream base was used; it corresponded to the pharmacotechnological indicators by colloidal, thermal stability and the description of oil/water (20 % of the oil phase). The model of alternative chronic inflammation, non-allergic contact dermatitis, was induced in white non-linear rats by daily application of turpentine oil to the depilated area. The effectiveness of the “Pyrisalix” cream was evaluated based on the total leukocyte count, the peripheral blood leukocyte composition, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), including the leukocyte-ESR ratio index (LI-ESR), the skinfold thickness, and the skin cover condition. In our experiment, the phagocytic activity of granulocytic neutrophils in a leukocyte suspension obtained from heparinized blood was determined to assess the activity of nonspecific immune factors. Results. The emulsion base of the cream has been determined, according to which the product developed has thermal and colloidal stability. In the course of studying the pharmacological activity of the “Pyrisalix” cream on themodel of non-allergic skin inflammation based on the dynamics of local manifestations of contact dermatitis, hematological, and immunological parameters, it has been found that the “Pyrisalix” cream has a pronounced preventive and therapeutic effect due to its anti-inflammatory and immunological properties. In the experimental conditions, the anti-alterative action of the cream on the emulsion oil/water base studied was equal to or even significantly exceeded the activity of the reference drugs – “Fladex” ointment and “Psorikap” cream by the intensity of inhibition of inflammatory processes in the skin, reduction in total leukocyte count, and normalization of the functional activity of granulocytic neutrophils. Conclusions. The combined cream “Pyrisalix” on the emulsion oil/water base demonstrates a significant antiinflammatory activity on the model of non-allergic contact dermatitis. The combined cream “Pyrisalix” is a promising agent for further study in the treatment of dermatoses.

RETRACTED: Accelerative effects of alginate-chitosan/titanium oxide@geraniol nanosphere hydrogels on the healing process of wounds infected with Acinetobacter baumannii and Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of alginate-chitosan/titanium oxide/geraniol (Alg-Csn/TiO2@GRL nanosphere) nanospheres hydrogels on the healing process of the wounds infected with Acinetobacter baumannii and Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. The nanospheres were successfully synthesized and their physicochemical properties such as DLS, FTIR, FE-SEM, TEM, XRD and also their safety and in-vitro antibacterial activity were assessed and confirmed. Following induction of the infected wounds, the mice were treated with s base ointment (Control), mupirocin® as standard control group and also hydrogels prepared from Alg-Csn@GRL, Alg-Csn/TiO2 and Alg-Csn/TiO2@GRL. Wound contraction, total bacterial count, expression of bFGF, VEGF, IGF-1, CD68 and COL-1 A, iNOS and eNOS were measured. The results showed the treatment of wounds with Alg-Csn/TiO2@GRL hydrogels significantly accelerated wound contraction, decreased total bacterial count and reduced the expressions of CD68, iNOS and eNOS and increased the expressions of VEGF, bFGF, IGF-1 and COL-1 A compared with other groups. It can be concluded that Alg-Csn/TiO2@GRL hydrogels expedite the wound healing process by their effects on bacteria and subsequently inflammation and increasing the expression of proliferative genes. The Alg-Csn/TiO2@GRL hydrogel can be utilized in combination with other agents for the treatment of infected wounds after future clinical studies.

Birch bud colloid ointment, production technology and therapeutic activity

The successful reproduction of the herd and the growth of livestock productivity is largely hampered by morbidity, i.e.: surgical diseases (bruises, abscesses, bursitis, arthritis, myositis, stretching and rupture of muscles, tendon-ligamentous apparatus, synovial and mucous bags, etc.), breast diseases (injuries, bruises, hematomas, mastitis, etc.). These diseases are still widespread and account for more than 40% of the total number of non-communicable diseases. They cause great economic damage to livestock farms, due to a significant decrease in the productivity of sick animals, the expenditure of material resources for their treatment, premature culling, and often the death of sick animals. Positive results in the fight against this kind of diseases (common characteristic signs of which are – swelling, tension, swelling, soreness with elevated local temperature and functional disorders) that distinguish them into one large group of dangerous diseases can be obtained not only by implementing a complex of general zootechnical and veterinary measures that need to be carried out systematically, on a daily basis, but also by providing drugs with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties (in combination). The article presents some results of the technology of preparation and therapeutic activity, birch bud colloid ointment, obtained by dispersing birch buds in the laboratory of analytical chemistry and chemical colloids of the Moscow State Medical University, which was insisted on alcohol, mixed into the ointment base and used as stable emulsion ointments. Ointment is a soft dosage form consisting of medicinal substances and a base, intended for application to the skin, wounds or mucous membranes, that is, for external use [2,3].

The Utilization of Secang Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Extract Nanoemulsion as Natural Pigment in Lip Cream Preparations

Lip cream is a semi-solid lipstick preparation. One of the important ingredients in lipcream preparations is a variety of colorants. Secang wood contains the active compound brazilin which gives it a yellow to purple color which can be used as a natural dye. The conventional lip cream preparations from extracts have low homogeneity and unstable, so it is necessary to increase the stability of the preparation by making a nanoemulsion of secang wood extract which is incorporated into the lip cream preparation. The preparation of 10% secang wood extract nanoemulsion preparation using Tween 80, Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), and PEG 400 with particle size reduction using a bath sonicator. The concentration of the nanoemulsion preparation was 1% (F3) and 3% (F4) incorporated into the lip cream base and conventional lip cream preparations with the same concentration (F1 and F2). The test results for the size of the 10% secang wood extract nanoemulsion globules were 127.54 ± 0.45 nm (PI: 0.3 ± 0.013). The test results for the F3 and F4 nanoemulsion lipcream preparations had a pink to purple color, pH 6-6.4, spreadability of 5.9-6.8 cm, adhesion of 5.5-6 seconds, the preparation was homogeneous and non-irritating, compared with conventional lip cream preparations F1 and F2 are not homogeneous, the color of the lip cream is paler, and the irritating properties are very mild in both formulas. The conclusion of this research is that secang wood extract can be formulated into a nanoemulsion preparation and incorporated into a lip cream preparation.
 Keywords: Brazilin, Color, Dye, Sonicator Bath

SNG100, a novel topical treatment for moderate atopic dermatitis, in patients aged 6years or older: A randomised, double-blind, active-controlled trial.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases. It is associated with significant itch and impaired quality of life. Systemic treatments are efficient but associated with side effects. Novel topical treatments with a favourable safety profile are needed. SNG100 is a novel composition of hydrocortisone 1% in a cream base comprising sulphated polysaccharide (SPS; extracted from in-house cultivated Porphyridium Cruentum unicellular algae), a well-known hydrating, moisturising and a skin barrier repairing agent. To assess the safety, usability and efficacy of SNG100 cream in patients aged ≥6years with moderate AD. In this proof of concept phase I, double-blind, randomised trial, participants received one of three treatments for 14days: SNG100 twice daily (BID), hydrocortisone 1% BID or mometasone furoate once daily (QD). The primary endpoint was the safety and tolerability of SNG100 cream compared to hydrocortisone 1% and mometasone furoate. The secondary endpoint was the subject's usability of SNG100. Exploratory efficacy endpoints included percent change from baseline in SCOring AD (SCORAD), Eczema Area and Severity Index, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure, Dermatology Life Quality Index, pruritus Numerical Rating Score (NRS), peak pruritus-NRS and Investigator's Global Assessment. Subjects were also followed up without any treatment for additional 14days. Overall, 66 participants were screened, and 60 patients were randomised. SNG100 demonstrated a high safety profile, similar to marketed products hydrocortisone 1% and mometasone furoate 0.1%, with no unanticipated drug safety related events. SNG100 and mometasone furoate 0.1% cream achieved almost similar and statistically significant greater percentage reductions from baseline in SCORAD as compared to hydrocortisone 1% cream. SNG100 demonstrated significant improvement in NRS as compared to hydrocortisone 1% cream. Remarkably, SNG100 led to a lasting effect with only 29.4% of subjects returning to IGA3 during the follow-up period compared to 50% and 38.9% in the hydrocortisone 1% and in mometasone furoate treatment arms, respectively. Topical SNG100 is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated innovative treatment for moderate AD. Trial registration number: NCT04615962 (Topical Cream SNG100 for Treatment in Moderate AD Subjects).

Optimisation of seed oil and powder of Momordica charantia in the formulation of body scrub cream

Background: Momordica charantia seed oil and powder are potential ingredients for a body scrub. The seeds contain fatty acids to moisturise the skin, and the mineral content to remove dead skin cells and nourish the skin. Objective: To determine the optimal efficiency of Momordica charantia seed oil and powder on body scrub cream produce. Methods: The body scrub used W/O (water-in-Oil) cream base. Simplex Lattice Design was used to determine five formulas. The irritation test with the Draize Skin Test method was carried out on rats (n = three, in each formula), and the Primary Dermal Irritation Index (PDII) was calculated. Informed consent from the female participants has been obtained for the hedonic test. Results: The body scrub cream produced appropriate organoleptic, was not irritating, and was stable after centrifugation and cycling test. The optimum formula contained five grams of oil and one gram of powder with a pH of 5.21; viscosity of 205.33 dPa.s; spreading of 6.12cm; adhesion time of 19.86 seconds; rate of washing of 20.60 seconds; a colour value of 4.04; scent value of 2.90; and texture value of 2.98. Conclusion: The optimised body scrub cream yielded a good formula which can be developed as a body scrub preparation.

Topical Application of Siberian Pine Essential Oil Formulations Enhance Diabetic Wound Healing.

This study aimed to develop novel topical formulations based on a natural component (0.5% of Siberian pine essential oil) and to assess its wound-healing capacity through macroscopic, histopathological, and biochemical examination. The phytochemical profile of Pinus sibirica essential oil (PSEO) and rheological analysis and safety potential of formulations were determined. The wound-healing effect was evaluated on an excision wound model in diabetic Wistar albino rats randomly divided into the following groups topically treated with (1) untreated, (2) 1% silver sulfadiazine, (3) ointment base, (4) gel base, (5) PSEO ointment, and (6) PSEO gel. Formulations containing PSEO were stable and safe for skin application. Three weeks of treatment with both PSEO formulations (ointment and gel) led to a significant reduction in wound size (98.14% and 96.28%, respectively) and a remarkably higher level of total hydroxyproline content (9.69 µg/mg and 7.26 µg/mg dry tissue, respectively) relative to the control group (65.97%; 1.81 µg/mg dry tissue). These findings were in correlation with histopathological results. Topically applied PSEO formulations were associated with a significant reduction in most of the measured pro-oxidants and enhanced activity of the antioxidant defense system enzymes (p < 0.05). Our findings showed that gel and ointment with PSEO demonstrated significant wound-repairing capabilities in the excision wound model.

Sustainable Ice Cream Base: Harnessing Mango Seed Kernel (Mangifera indica L. var. Tommy Atkins) Waste and Cheese Whey

The agro-food industry plays a crucial role in enhancing living standards; however, inadequate losses and waste management persists as significant challenges within its processes. Particularly, mango and cheese processing generate substantial waste, leading to ecological disruptions, economic losses, and concerns related to food security and public health. To address these issues, this study was aimed at utilizing this waste to produce a high-quality ice cream base, thereby valorizing the discarded materials. This approach not only adds nutritional value but also contributes to food security and sovereignty. The raw materials (cheese whey, oil, and starch) were subjected to physicochemical characterization, leading to the development of three different ice cream base formulations. Subsequently, the ice cream bases were evaluated for their physicochemical, functional, and sensory properties. The findings of this study revealed that mango seed kernel and cheese whey waste contain valuable components that enable the creation of an ice cream base with excellent physicochemical, functional, and sensory properties. Moreover, this research showcases a promising solution for effectively valorizing food waste and generating value-added products such as ice cream, thus promoting sustainability and resource optimization within the agro-food industry.

Topical Cream Derived From Hylocereus polyrhizus (Red Dragon Fruit) Extract Accelerates Wound Healing Through Increased Hydroxyproline and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Levels: A Pilot Study.

The red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) extract (RDFE) is frequently used for a variety of therapeutic purposes (e.g., boosting the immune system, promoting a healthy gastrointestinal system, improving wound healing). We investigated the effects of a topical cream containing 7.5% RDFE on hydroxyproline and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) levels and wound healing. On Day 0, we divided a total of 36 albino male Wistar rats into two equal groups. Using an 8-mm punch biopsy, we created a circular excision to fascial depth on the back of each rat. On Day 1, we treated the control group (n = 18) with 20 mg of base cream and the RDFE group (n = 18) with 20 mg of 7.5% RDFE cream. We measured hydroxyproline and FGF-2 levels in the wound tissue using an ELISA method on Days 3, 7, and 14. We found that on Day 3, hydroxyproline levels were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (p = .031). We also found a significant correlation between FGF-2 levels in the treatment group and wound diameter (p = .02). On the basis of the results of this study, we concluded that using a topical cream containing 7.5% RDFE has the potential to accelerate wound healing by increasing levels of hydroxyproline and FGF-2 in the wound.

FORMULASI FOUNDATION (ALAS BEDAK) DARI CANGKANG TELUR AYAM NEGRI

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Foundation (Compact Powder) is a decorative cosmetics (makeup) used in cosmetology as a base before sprayed powder. Foundation serves to disguise pale skin, make face powder more attached to the surface of the skin, and cover blemishes acne scars. Chicken’s egg shell contains carbonate calcium (CaCO3) at around 94%, also protein and vitamins. CaCO3 has a strength to revet and gives the radiant effect when face powders be used, so that egg shell are well suited as a base material foundation. Foundation is made in the form of a lotion product (liquid) and cream by using a base Na-CMC 0,25% ; 0,5% and 0,75%. Whereas, optimization of cream base with various concentrations Emulsifying Wax is 10%, 9%, 8%, 7% dan 5%. The results on optimization of lotion base obtained optimal base is base with a concentration of 0,75%, whereas the optimum concentration cream base is 8%. Domestic chicken egg shell’s powder obtained from the process of pollination using a mortar. Cream foundation created in six formulas, namely the first formula containing 5% of active subtance, second formula containing 7,5%, third formula containing 10%, fourth formula containing 12,5%, formula fifth containing 15% and sixth formula containing 17,5%. Stability cream test’s result showed the stocks is stable during 30 days of storage. Having done hedonic test on respondent 52 people based on preference level, obtained result is the first formula become the first order of most preffered with a percentage of 73,5%, second formula at 71,9%, 62,3% for third formula, fourth formula at 57,3%, and fifth formula at 51,2% and sixth formula is 44,6%.&#x0D; Keywords : Foundation, egg shell, cream.

Topical application of a TRPA1 antagonist reduced nociception and inflammation in a model of traumatic muscle injury in rats.

Musculoskeletal pain is a widely experienced public healthcare issue, especially after traumatic muscle injury. Besides, it is a common cause of disability, but this pain remains poorly managed. However, the pathophysiology of traumatic muscle injury-associated pain and inflammation has not been fully elucidated. In this regard, the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) has been studied in inflammatory and painful conditions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of the topical application of a TRPA1 antagonist in a model of traumatic muscle injury in rats. The mechanical trauma model was developed by a single blunt trauma impact on the right gastrocnemius muscle of Wistar male rats (250-350g). The animals were divided into four groups (Sham/Vehicle; Sham/HC-030031 0.05%; Injury/Vehicle, and Injury/HC-030031 0.05%) and topically treated with a Lanette® N cream base containing a TRPA1 antagonist (HC-030031, 0.05%; 200mg/muscle) or vehicle (Lanette® N cream base; 200mg/muscle), which was applied at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 46h after muscle injury. Furthermore, we evaluated the contribution of the TRPA1 channel on nociceptive, inflammatory, and oxidative parameters. The topical application of TRPA1 antagonist reduced biomarkers of muscle injury (lactate/glucose ratio), spontaneous nociception (rat grimace scale), inflammatory (inflammatory cell infiltration, cytokine levels, myeloperoxidase, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activities) and oxidative (nitrite levels and dichlorofluorescein fluorescence) parameters, and mRNA Trpa1 levels in the muscle tissue. Thus, these results demonstrate that TRPA1 may be a promising anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive target in treating muscle pain after traumatic muscle injury.

Uji Efektivitas Sediaan Salep Ekstrak Daun Kenikir (Cosmos Caudatus Kunth) Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Pada Kelinci Jantan New Zealand White

Kenikir Leaf Extract (Cosmos Caudatus Kunth) is a medicinal plant that can be used to heal cut wounds. This research aims to determine the compound content in kenikir leaves, determine the physical quality and stability of kenikir leaf extract ointment preparations, and determine the effective concentration for healing cuts on the backs of male New Zealand White rabbits. This type of research is experimental, making ointment formulations using kenikir leaf extract made in 3 concentrations, namely 10%, 15% and 20%. In ointment testing, organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, spreadability tests, adhesion tests, pH and viscosity tests are carried out. Testing the effectiveness of wound healing using 5 groups, namely Betadine ointment (+), ointment base (-), kenikir leaf extract ointment 10%, 15% and 20% on 5 rabbits with a wound length of 1.5 cm was carried out until the 3rd day. 7. The data was processed statistically using One Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variant) and continued with the LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. The results of this research show that kenikir leaf extract ointment 10%, 15% and 20% produces an ointment that meets the requirements of the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, spreadability test, adhesiveness test and pH test, as well as providing healing effects on cuts and wounds in rabbits and The most effective healing power is 20% kenikir leaf extract ointment.

New localities and sexual dichromatism in Blue-green eyed Spotted Cuscus Spilocuscus wilsoni Helgen et Flannery, 2004 (Mammalia: Marsupialia: Phalangeridae) from Biak Island, Indonesia

Spotted cuscuses are medium-sized tree-dwelling mammals native to tropical forests of Australo-Papua that primarily feed on fruits and leaves. They belong to the phalangerid genus Spilocuscus (Gray, 1862). The difference in pelage color between male and female Spilocuscus wilsoni has not yet been well described morphologically. In the present study, we describe the coat color of four S. wilsoni individuals: a male adult, a sub-adult male, a sub-adult female, and a juvenile female. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral body section images were captured on camera, and body weight &amp; length, tail &amp; ear length were measured. The adult male S. wilsoni had brown spot and blotch patterns on the dorsal and lateral regions, and the ventral region was plain beige. The sub-adult male had distinct spot patterns without blotches on the dorsal and lateral regions, while the ventral region was plain with a cream base color. The sub-adult female had a mottled pattern that blended with the base color, making a silvery appearance. The female juvenile was spotless throughout, with a foundation hue ranging from creamy to somewhat yellow.

Development of herbal skin care formulations from the hydro-alcoholic extract of Leucas zeylanica (L.) W.T.Aiton

Introduction: Leucas zeylanica (L.) W.T.Aiton is a plant used in traditional medicine as a remedy against several dermatological conditions. The high UV-filtering potential observed for the aqueousmethanolic extract of this plant suggests its suitability to develop herbal skin care agents. Therefore, this study was undertaken to develop herbal skin care formulations from the aqueous methanolic (hydro-alcoholic) extract of the whole plants of L. zeylanica and evaluate the photoprotective efficacy. Methodology: Three formulations were prepared by incorporating different concentrations (25%, 50%, and 75%) of the extract into an aqueous cream base. Thereafter, the UV filtering potential and sun protection factor (SPF) were determined. Results: The formulation comprised of 75% of the extract displayed the highest UV absorbance as well as the highest SPF value (26.76±3.82). All formulations in general exhibited good photostability profiles. The anti-tyrosinase assay revealed very mild tyrosinase inhibitory potential of the aqueous methanolic extract of L. zeylanica. Therefore our formulations do not interfere with the biosynthesis of melanin, the natural photoprotectant molecule in the skin, unlike most commercial sunscreens. Conclusion: The strong and broad-range UV-filtering potential, high SPF and photostability profiles observed for the sunscreen formulation comprised of 75% of the extract suggest the potential utility of L. zeylanica extract for the development of herbal skin care formulations in a commercial scale.

Review of the Healing Potential of Burn Wounds with Aloe Vera Extract Cream: The Influence of Formula and Virgin Coconut Oil Application

This paper discusses the potential of using Aloe vera extract cream with various formulas, including the incorporation of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) as a cream base, for burn wound healing. The study aims to investigate the healing effects of second-degree burn wounds in mice using Aloe vera extract cream with different formulas. Phytochemical analysis identified the presence of phenols, tannins, and saponins in the Aloe vera extract. The results of the wound healing tests indicate that Aloe vera extract creams with different formulas have the potential to accelerate healing, with a healing time range of 8 to 14 days. Formulas containing VCO as a cream base showed faster healing, likely due to the medium-chain saturated fatty acid content in VCO that supports tissue regeneration. Aloe vera extract also possesses cleansing and antiseptic properties that can prevent infections in wounds. Although healing times varied among the different formulas, the main conclusion is that Aloe vera extract creams have the potential to support the healing of second-degree burn wounds.

Experimental research on the development of composition of complex action ointment based on phytocomplex

The aim of the work is to develop the composition of a complex action ointment based on active pharmaceutical ingredients of natural origin for the treatment of cheilitis of various etiologies. Materials and methods. The development of the ointment base by selecting active pharmaceutical ingredients and auxiliary substances determined by organoleptic, physicochemical, rheological and microbiological research methods. Results. Studies of the antimicrobial activity of experimental samples have established that the optimal ointment base is a water/oil emulsion, which provides better API release rates than absorption bases. According to the results of structural and mechanical studies, the introduction of the API complex reduces the structural viscosity of the ointment base. Furthermore, the ability of the ointment to thin out with an increase in the gradient of the shear rate is shown, which will contribute to the uniform distribution of the API during the technological process and the easy application of the ointment to the skin. The study of textural properties of the experimental ointment samples (cohesion, adhesion, and elasticity) also confirmed the satisfactory spreadability of the sample. The optimal container for its consistent properties was chosen according to the results of the ointment's structural, mechanical and textural properties. A test of the effectiveness of antimicrobial preservatives was conducted, resulting in the minimum effective concentration of sodium benzoate in the amount of 1 % was substantiated. Furthermore, based on the results of a complex of studies, the composition of the emulsion ointment was developed, which includes vaseline (liquid paraffin) 20 %, emulsifiers glycerol monostearate 5.5 %, polysorbate-80 3.5 %, viscosity regulator of the aqueous phase hydroxyethyl cellulose 3 %, phytocomplex API "Phytol" (concentrated aqueous extract of burdock root: oak bark: pot calendula in the ratio 5:1:1.5, respectively) and essential oils of tea tree 1 % and geranium 1.5 %, purified water. Conclusions. Based on organoleptic, physicochemical, rheological and microbiological studies, the composition of the ointment of complex action was developed based on active pharmaceutical ingredients of natural origin for the treatment of cheilitis of various etiologies.