Oil Stove Research Articles

Internet of things with NodeMCU ESP8266 for MPX-5700AP sensor-based LPG pressure monitoring

The use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders as fuel has become a basic need for the community. LPG is more efficient than oil stoves, but LPG also poses a danger. The dangers contained in gas cylinders cause users to be afraid to check the availability of gas in cylinders because the checking process must be directly close to the gas cylinder. Because of this danger, users do not check gas availability, causing it to run out of gas when cooking. To solve this problem, a system is needed to detect the availability of LPG contents, which can be monitored remotely so that users will feel safe because they are not close to gas cylinders. The condition of gas cylinder availability can be remotely monitored using the internet of things (IoT) method. Therefore, an IoT-based LPG pressure monitoring tool was designed. A tool designed using the MPX-5700AP sensor is useful for detecting gas pressure values in LPG cylinders. IoT is used to monitor LPG pressure using the Blynk application. The buzzer module is a tool for sending sound signals as information on the condition of gas cylinders. The NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller processes and sends data to the Blynk application. System testing is carried out in three conditions: full, close to empty, and empty. The results of this test showed an error value of 3.41% and an accuracy rate of 96.59%.

Reducing the Waste Oil Decomposition and Producing a useful Energy Conversion Process

Our project is about waste oil burning system, now a days many of the fuels are available to run a vehicle or to produce power. Nowadays we are using the many source of power and the same thing it will not properly disposed and it affect the environment , we have to stop affecting the environment. So we decided to used as Waste Oil is defined as any petroleum-based oil , In world wide approximately 1.3 billion gallons of waste oil are generated from the crankcases of millions of automobiles and trucks whenever the oil is changed. Approximately 200 million gallons of waste oil are not disposed of properly. Waste oil can be disposed of in a variety of ways, including by sending it off-site (some facilities, like your local garages and waste disposal facilities, are allowed to handle the waste oil), burning it as fuel and selling the used oil claims are made that the used oil is to be burned for energy recovery, and then it is shipped to a used oil burner who burns the used oil in an approved industrial furnace or boiler. A minimum flash point of 100°F.. According to the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) , a waste oil furnace is a type of furnace that is used for heating and is powered by old oil that is free of hazardous impurities. Boilers powered by waste oil can be utilised for a variety of commercial tasks in addition to heating. In our project we are deside to fabricate waste oil stove by reducing the use of the LPG or other electrical stove. In the burners were developed as a way to effectively burn the waste oil and to provide alternative heating systems.In this project work all the challenging parts are fabricated as per innovative design and then rigidly assembled to perform the indented function. We have to recycle the waste oil and reduce the pollution.

PENGOLAHAN MINYAK JELANTAH SEBAGAI PENGGANTI BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK PADA KOMPOR MINYAK BERTEKANAN

Used cooking oil (Jelantah's oil) is a frying rest oil which can't be used again to fry because it contains compounds that are quite dangerous for human health, which can be destructive for humans healthy. Beside to reduce an ambient contamination, used cooking oil can be recycled as an alternative fuel, in this case as to replace kerosene. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the primary Air Fuel Ratio on the combustion process in pressurized stove oil and knowing whether or not the direct combustion process of used cooking oil as an alternative fuel. The filth on used cooking oil must be removed to avoid a streaming gagging on koil. Analyzing used cooking oil water rate. Fuel tank loaded with used cooking oil. Fill the compressor with an air to pressurize the fuel tank. Used cooking oil streamed inside the tank by manages flow rate then stream air with regulatory crane so up to scale which particular on flowmeter gases. Ruled air flow rate with scales regulatory crane flowmeter until up to stable state on appreciative given. Measuring temperature on burn tool with positioning different one (Spuyer, burner, burner's tip, kindled tip). The larger the primary Air Fuel Ratio, the better the mixing so that the total conversion of triglycerides into CO2 and CO products is greater. Used cooking oil may be directly used as an alternative fuel into an oil stove, especially pressured oil stove.

Analisis Pembuatan Bahan Bakar dari Pirolisis Thermal dan Katalitik Limbah Plastik Low Density Polyethylene

Increasing global warming due to the uncontrolled use of fossil fuels has resulted in climate change which is currently a worldwide concern. Various efforts to use alternative energy have been made to overcome these problems, one of which is Pyrolysis technology to convert solid plastic waste into liquid fuel. Pyrolysis is a heating process, or the working principle is the same as distilling a raw material particle that will change shape from a solid to a gas and then passing through a condenser tube to cool down so that the steam will turn into a liquid. This process generally takes place at temperatures between 500-800°C. The pyrolysis process occurs with the help of heating from LPG gas. From the data obtained, further testing can be carried out on the physical and chemical properties of the pyrolysis oil to determine its characteristics. The physical properties tested included density and viscosity, while the chemical properties tested were the calorific value of the plastic pyrolysis process. The next step is to test the pyrolysis oil using WBT (Water Boiling Test) to determine the performance of the oil stove with pyrolysis oil as fuel. From the results of the efficiency of the stove from the pyrolysis of plastic oil, it is known that the largest input energy (Qin) is obtained in the pyrolysis oil without a catalyst in the first condenser of 2375,291 watts. The result of sensible heat (SH) of the most significant pyrolysis oil sample from pyrolysis without a catalyst in condenser one is 125.4 watts. The highest latent heat value was found in the pyrolysis of natural zeolite catalyst in condenser three at 231.752 watts, while the highest thermal efficiency value of pyrolysis using natural zeolite catalyst in condenser one was 28.39%. Natural zeolite catalysts reduce the liquid and solid products but increase gas products. The catalysts from pyrolysis oil have a darker color than without a catalyst. The cause is the reaction of the catalyst during the pyrolysis process.

Modification of Hand Molding Flower Vase for Thermo Plastic Recycling

Broadly speaking, plastics can be grouped into two groups, namely: thermoplast plastics and thermoset plastics. Thermoplast plastics are plastics that can be repeatedly printed in the presence of heat. Thermoplast plastics include: PE (Polyethilene), PP (Polypropylene), PS (Polystirene), ABS (Abutile Butadine Styrene), Nylon, PET (Polyethilene Terephthalete), POM (Polyacetal), PC (Polycarbonate) etc. Meanwhile, thermoset plastic is plastic which, if it has undergone certain conditions, cannot be reprinted because the polymer structure is in the form of a three-dimensional network. In making flower vases using hand molding tools, there are still shortcomings, such as during the melting process of plastic material, the heat given by the oil stove has not yet maximally spread the heat to the mold which causes the results to be not optimal. Besides, the heat given by the oil stove is not yet known by the operator. , because in the manufacture of flower vases have not used a controller to determine the temperature in the hand molding tool, the old mold results in the cylinder cannot be used for tensile testing. Therefore it is necessary to modify the hand molding tool. Based on the results of testing the tools that have been done, the following conclusions can be drawn: The product has a height of 16 cm, a thickness of 4 mm, a hand-molding tool can be a solution for reducing waste in the environment, plastic can be formed into a product that is valuable by processing it according to the temperature.

Design of Rice Husks Gasification Stove

The human population increases every year, reported from the official website of the United Nation, in 2011 the world population reached 7 billion people. Then in 2016 reached 7.4 billion people and the world population in 2020 reached 7.7 billion people. It is estimated that by 2030 it will grow to 8.5 billion people and by 2050 to reach 9.7 billion inhabitants. which makes energy needs also increase. With these facts, we design gasification stove biomass energy that aims to reduce the use of non-renewable fuels. The study aims to design a rice husks gasification stove to minimize agricultural waste. In this study, there is an innovation in tar reduction using dolomite as a catalyst. This research uses qualitative research methods that are presented descriptively. The gasification stove design is inspired by the oil stove with the addition of an iron pipe that serves as an oxygen supplier. The design of gasification stoves using rice husk as fuel was successfully carried out. This stove is proven to be one of the tools to maximize the potential of using rice husks as fuel. Finally, we hope that this research can continue to be refined in further studies to maximize the utilization of rice husk waste as renewable alternative energy.

Arduino Based Temperature And Humidity Monitoring Control System for Day Old Chicken (DOC) Cage

In general, conventional cattle sheds using manual systems and human labor are very reliable, in the conventional process of heating cattle sheds, we still encounter many using oil stoves and lamps as a DOC heating process. However, the use of oil stoves and lamps is dangerous and unstable. In addition to the DOC heater using the lamp, there is also a DOC heater using an element heater.
 The advantage of using a heating element, the temperature can be adjusted according to your needs. The use of heating elements in chicken coops is still rarely used. Therefore, a research was conducted on the manufacture of a temperature and humidity monitoring control system based on Arduino Mega in the Day Old Chicken (doc) cage.
 DHT 11 sensor accuracy level calibrated with room temperature measuring instrument Taffware HTC-2 is known DHT 11 sensor has an accuracy in reading temperature that is 96% with a dispute of 3.8%. And the accuracy in reading humidity is 89.8% with a difference of 11%.

Demand-side decarbonization and electrification: EMF 35 JMIP study

Japan’s long-term strategy submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change emphasizes the importance of improving the electrification rates to reducing GHG emissions. Using the five models participating in Energy Modeling Forum 35 Japan Model Intercomparison project (JMIP), we focused on the demand-side decarbonization and analyzed the final energy composition required to achieve 80% reductions in GHGs by 2050 in Japan. The model results show that the electricity share in final energy use (electrification rate) needs to reach 37–66% in 2050 (26% in 2010) to achieve the emissions reduction of 80%. The electrification rate increases mainly due to switching from fossil fuel end-use technologies (i.e. oil water heater, oil stove and combustion-engine vehicles) to electricity end-use technologies (i.e. heat pump water heater and electric vehicles). The electricity consumption in 2050 other than AIM/Hub ranged between 840 and 1260 TWh (AIM/Hub: 1950TWh), which is comparable to the level seen in the last 10 years (950–1035 TWh). The pace at which electrification rate must be increased is a challenge. The model results suggest to increase the electrification pace to 0.46–1.58%/yr from 2030 to 2050. Neither the past electrification pace (0.30%/year from 1990 to 2010) nor the outlook of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (0.15%/year from 2010 to 2030) is enough to reach the suggested electrification rates in 2050. Therefore, more concrete measures to accelerate dissemination of electricity end-use technologies across all sectors need to be established.

The utilization of waste cooking oil (wco) in simple stove as an alternative fuel for household scale

The use of LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) fuel as a substitute for kerosene fuel on the stove has advantages in its excellent combustion process, but there are several weaknesses in its use, namely the risk of gas leakage in the LPG cylinder, and of course the high price of LPG cause increasing the community burden. The purpose of this study was to produce a waste cooking oil simple stove on a household scale. This research used an experimental method which was conducted for 6 (six) months, began from February 2020 to July 2020. The stages of the research were data collection, making waste cooking oil stove design, preparing tools and materials, making waste cooking oil stoves and testing it. The results showed that the flame produced on the waste cooking oil stove was stable, but the resulting fire was still red due to the incomplete combustion process caused by the lack of air/oxygen pumped into the stove. The advantage of this waste cooking oil stove is the simple installation, portable to use, inexpensive manufacturing cost and more safety than using LPG stove.

Oil stove modification to get optimum performance on jatropha oil usage

This research is based on the idea to combine efforts on promoting jatropha oil as one of renewable and green energy resources, and efforts to help “house hold oil stove industries” continuing their production even-though more people change kerosene to LPG as their main fuel for cooking. Regarding the idea, this research aims to modify oil stove which has been sold in the market, which was designed for kerosene fuel, to be able to use with jatropha oil and other oil as its fuel in the good performance. Two approach methods based on the physical oil characteristic has been done. They were modification of wick material, and “oil pre-heating system” implementation. The result shows that no wick material having good performance when implemented for jatropha oil usage due to its high viscosity. Original wick has best performance compare to modified wicks. By using original wick, implementation of oil pre heating system has been successfully increasing fuel rate combustion from 0.43 kg/h to 0.63 kg/h, and increasing the total system efficiency from 9.54% to 16.1%.

Temperature influence on chemical properties of jatropha curcas L. oil extracted with mechanical screw press

Pure plant J.curcas oil has been used in direct injection compression engines and plant oil stoves without any engine modification necessary. Oil quality information and preservation are essential knowledge to avoid the wear and breakdown of combustion engines. This study focused on investigating the generated temperature during mechanical extraction with a mechanical screw press type (Komet D85-1G) on J.curcas oil quality. Chemical properties of extracted J.curcas oil were analyzed and the results were compared with the chemical extraction method (soxhlet) and DIN 51605. Most of the characteristic chemical properties of J.curcas oil extracted with a mechanical extraction method did not exceed the threshold norm DIN 51605. The standard deviation and coefficient of variation between all experiments was very small. This means, that the characteristic oil quality was not influenced by temperatures generated when alternating different screw parameters. The analyzed variable chemical properties of J.curcas oil extracted by mechanical extraction (AV, FFA, TC, P, Ca, K and WC) were above the allowed limit described by standard norm DIN 51605, except CR and Na contents, which fulfill the standard norm. The standard deviation and coefficient of variation of analyzed experiments varied from 13 to 46%. These proved that oil extraction is influenced by temperature generation when using different screw press design parameters. The highest temperature was generated on point T3 and the best correlation values were achieved between temperature T3 and variable chemical properties. The temperature at the cohesion zone T3 is an indicator for oil quality determination. Mechanical extraction temperatures below 90 °C at the compression zone and 70 °C at the oil outlet would produce oil quality, which allows the direct use of the oil as fuel or for biodiesel production.

Hourly electricity consumption in Norwegian households – Assessing the impacts of different heating systems

This paper analyzes how different heating systems affect hourly electricity consumption in detached houses in Norway. Hourly electricity meter data, weather data, and response data from a household survey are merged into a large panel data set, and multiple regression models are applied to isolate the impacts of different heating systems for each hour of the day during the heating period. The results show that compared to direct electric heating, the additional use of air-to-air heat pumps, wood burning stoves, and oil stoves leads to relatively constant reductions in hourly electricity consumption over the course of the day while largest reductions – especially during hours of morning peak consumption – are achieved by using non-electric central heating systems. The presented method can be applied to other energy carriers, metering intervals and consumer groups and – depending on the data available – be used to model individual and aggregate regional energy demand with a high temporal resolution as well as to analyze how area-wide changes in climatic factors and important consumer characteristics will affect consumption of different energy carriers in smart energy systems.

Corrosion induced by coir fibre in packaging

An interesting case of extensive dezincification of wickless, pressure type oil stove which could be directly traced to the use of defective filling material in packaging was investigated.

Effect of container depth and sedimentation time on quality of Jatropha curcas L. oil

Jatropha curcas oil production in rural areas might improve the living standards of rural communities inducing economic growth and welfare of rural farmers. Rural communities have the potential to become independent with respect to the production of fuel for cooking, lighting and heating. The oil produced for energy in rural areas should not require to be highly processed, in order to produce it locally at low costs. The main objective of this study was to analyze the effect of two sedimentation systems on J. curcas oil quality, namely a horizontal and a vertical sedimentation container. Chemical analyses for J. curcas raw and sedimented oil were analyzed according to DIN-norm standards. The sedimentation time needed to achieve a relative clarified fluid of 80% was about 3.5 times shorter for a horizontal container than for a vertical one. Among the characteristic chemical properties only the kinematic viscosity of raw and sedimented oil exceeded the threshold according to DIN 51605. The limit values of variable chemical properties for fulfilling plant oil stove requirements were reached after 117h for the horizontal sedimentation system and after 378h for the vertical one. The horizontal sedimentation system showed better clarification efficiency in a shorter time. Moreover, chemical qualities such as characteristic and variable chemical properties were improved after clarification. Total contamination in the sedimented oil was reduced to a value of about 100mg/kg after 55days of sedimentation, which is sufficient to meet the standard for oil used in plant oil stoves. By reducing the total contamination the variable chemical properties were also improving, and aside from the phosphor content, quality requirements for use in plant oil stoves could be met by sedimentation.

Numerical investigation of the flow inside the combustion chamber of a plant oil stove

Recently a low cost cooking device for developing and emerging countries was developed at KIT in cooperation with the company Bosch und Siemens Hausgerate GmbH. After constructing an innovative basic design further development was required. Numerical investigations were conducted in order to investigate the flow inside the combustion chamber of the stove under variation of different geometrical parameters. Beyond the performance improvement a further reason of the investigations was to rate the effects of manufacturing tolerance problems. In this paper the numerical investigation of a plant oil stove by means of RANS simulation will be presented. In order to reduce the computational costs different model reduction steps were necessary. The simulation results of the basic configuration compare very well with experimental measurements and problematic behaviors of the actual stove design could be explained by the investigation.

An Outbreak of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Yamagata Prefecture Following the Great East Japan Earthquake

Background: In the aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake, most of the areas in Yamagata prefecture experienced a serious power failure lasting for approximately 24 hours. A number of households were subsequently poisoned with carbon monoxide (CO) due to various causes. In this study, we conducted a survey of CO poisoning during the disaster. Methods: A questionnaire regarding CO poisoning associated with the disaster was sent to 37 emergency hospitals in Yamagata prefecture. Results: A total of 51 patients were treated for unintentional CO poisoning in 7 hospitals (hyperbaric oxygen chambers were present in 3 of the hospitals). The patients (18 men, 33 women) ranged in age from 0 to 90 years. The source of CO exposure was charcoal briquettes (23 cases; 45%), gasoline-powered electric generators (18 cases; 35%), electric generators together with oil stoves (8 cases; 16%), oil stoves (1 cases; 2%), and automobile exhaust (1 cases; 2%). Blood carboxyhemoglobin levels ranged from 0.5% to 41.6% in 49 cases. Of these, 41 patients were treated by normobaric oxygen therapy, while one was intubated for artificial respiration. Additionally, 5 patients (10%) were treated by hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and 3 patients (6%) experienced delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae. Conclusion: CO sources included gasoline-powered electric generators and charcoal briquettes during the disaster. Storm-related CO poisoning is well recognized as a disaster-associated accident in the United States, but not in Japan. We emphasize that public education is needed to make people aware of the dangers of CO poisoning after a disaster. In addition, a pulse CO-oximeter should be set up in hospitals.

Profile of acute thermal burn admissions to the intensive care unit of a tertiary burn care center in India

Aim: To analyze the profile of acute thermal burn patients admitted to intensive care unit of a tertiary burn care center in India. Materials and Methods: Acute thermal burn patients admitted to the burn intensive care unit during June, August and December 2011 representative of summer, monsoon and winter season were included in this study. Observations: Overall 416 patients were admitted during this period. A total of 162 patients fulfilled the study criteria. Females outnumbered male victims. Patients in the age group of 20-40 years were most affected. Burns in females involve greater total body surface area (TBSA). Liquefied petroleum gas stoves, kerosene oil stoves and kerosene oil lamps are the most common causes of burns reporting to our center. Average distance travelled by patients to reach this hospital was 69.4 kilometers. Ten percent of the female thermal burn victims were pregnant and 3% were lactating. Discussion: An education program is needed to make the population aware of various etiological factors causing burns and their prevention. Safer means and practices should be adopted in kitchen. Local health care facility should play a major and proactive role in managing burns. Burn care needs to be decentralized for better management.

Generation of NOx and CO from Gas or Oil Stove

Generation of NOx and CO from Gas or Oil Stove

Difficult Extubation In A Child With Developing Neck Contracture.

A 5 year old male child, weighting 18 kg, was scheduled to undergo skin grafting following a post burn raw area on chest and neck. The burns were a result of bursting of an oil stove four months back. The burn area included anterior and posterior part of the chest, neck and upper part of arms bilaterally. Following burn the child had developed mentosternal contracture with a raw area in the lower part of neck and upper chest, a receding jaw and inability to close the mouth. The surgeons planned for skin grafting while release of neck contracture was planned at a second stage. Routine haematological investigations were normal.

Review: The Clash Within

THE CLASH WITHIN Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future Martha C. Nussbaum Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007. 403PP, US$29.95 cloth (ISBN 978-0674024823)The acts of genocide that were the Gujarat pogroms of 2002 are arguably the most shameful events in India's recent past. In response to a fire that had consumed a railway coach and killed 58 Hindu passengers returning from a religious pilgrimage, Hindus set out on a horrendously brutal rampage. In an organized and orchestrated manner, Hindu nationalists, with the blessing of the ruling party, targeted Muslim neighbourhoods, killing more than a thousand Muslims, raping and sexually torturing Muslim women, and burning and looting Muslim houses. The cause of the railway coach fire is still unknown, but while initially there were rumours that it had been set by Muslims, it is now speculated that kerosene oil stoves used by the pilgrims themselves were likely to blame. In her most recent book, Martha Nussbaum centres two important arguments around this particular episode: one relating to the resiliency of Indian democracy in the face of a crisis of religious minority accommodation, and the other suggesting that North American and European democracies might learn from India's experiences of accepting its pluralism and the complexities and tensions embedded in accommodating differences. In a perceptive examination of the Indian case, she points out that Huntington's thesis of a clash of civilizations - Islam versus the west - does not hold. Instead, she argues that the clash is fundamentally at two levels: at the macro level of the nation and at the micro level of the individual. In all nations, according to this view, there is a constant tension between those who accept differences and accord equal respect to others, and those, particularly among the majority, who seek homogenization and a single worldview. For the individual, the clash is between, on the one hand, the desire and urge to dominate and, on the other, the willingness and the obligation to live with others on equal terms, respecting differences whatever the consequences.In this passionately written and engaging book, Nussbaum takes us through a thorough analysis of the Gujarat pogroms. She explains why Gujarat was the site of this tragedy: it borders on Pakistan, has a more educated and urbanized Muslim population compared with the rest of India, was experiencing increased foreign investment and a weak labour movement, and had a poor education system of rote learning that failed to encourage critical thinking. In the course of her analysis, we are made familiar with different faces of the Hindu right; India's three founding fathers - Gandhi, Tagore, and Nehru; Indian constitutional principles enshrining both individual rights and group rights and the contradictions emerging out of these paradoxical principles; and the rise and dominance of the Hindu right and its assault on Indian history text books and scholars both within and outside India who did not support so-called authentic Indian history and the so-called positive image of the Hindu religion abroad.Although Nussbaum does not overtly posit a theoretical linkage between political institutions and the role of the political leadership and their vision, the resilience of Indian democracy can be attributed to the vision of the founding fathers (Gandhi the spiritual visionary, Tagore the educator, and Nehru the statesman with practical skills); the successful construction of its constitution; and the implementation of its various basic principles such as fundamental rights, judicial review, federalism, and the parliamentary system. …