Oil Production Pipelines Research Articles

Calculation method for the amount of contaminant oil during sequential transportation through product oil pipelines

A considerable amount of oil contamination is caused by the presence of the trailing oil. This paper aims to simulate and analyze the influences of trailing oil on the quality of oil products in undulating sections. By studying the formation mechanism of mixed oil at inclining pipeline sections and the influences of velocity and oil batches on incline sections, as well as both ups and downs, the correlation is obtained between replacement time of different batches and velocity at various sections. By applying FLUENT 14.5, the maximum time of volume fraction of contaminant oil from 1% to 99% is simulated at cross-sections among different pipeline sections. Aiming at the relationship between oil product replacement time and change time of mixing section volume fraction and flow velocity, the mixing increment of undulating section relative to straight section is obtained. Combining with the empirical mixing length calculation equation, the equation for calculating mixing length considering terrain undulation is obtained. Combined with the actual operation data of Lan-Chengyu’s product oil pipeline, the error of the new mixed oil length calculation equation and actual oil mixing is 0.7966%. Excessive cutting amount of mixed oil will result in the waste of refined oil, and the less cutting amount will cause pollution of refined oil. The new mixed oil length calculation equation can more accurately guide the oil mixing cutting work at the oil station.

Диагностическое обслуживание оборудования и трубопроводов нефтегазовых производств при риск-ориентированном подходе к эксплуатации

Диагностическое обслуживание оборудования и трубопроводов нефтегазовых производств при риск-ориентированном подходе к эксплуатации

Разработка метода и устройства непрерывного контроля герметичности нефтепродуктопровода

The article addresses the issues of diagnosing the tightness of oil pipelines. Methods of monitoring and diagnosing the tightness of oil product pipelines are presented, their advantages and disadvantages are determined. A method and technical solution for the continuous monitoring of the tightness of an oil product pipeline is proposed. The theoretical justification of the proposed method for determining leakage based on a change in the dielectric constant of the soil is given.

Ладожский нефтепродуктопровод: что рассказали архивы?

Ладожский нефтепродуктопровод: что рассказали архивы?

Simplified Layer Model for Solid Particle Clusters in Product Oil Pipelines

Pipe corrosion caused by the pressure tests using water before starting the normal operation occurs often in Chinese product oil pipelines because of remaining water. To explore the migration of the corrosion impurities in the product oil pipelines, this study started from the force balance principle and considered the entire particle cluster as the research object. This paper established a one-dimensional migration model, and proposed the Froude number equality criterion to calculate the particle cluster length in the equilibrium state. The proposed criterion was verified by experiments. A loop was built to conduct the tests and obtain the migration velocities of the particle cluster from the non-equilibrium state to the equilibrium state in the pipeline. The proposed model was verified using the experimental data. Verification results demonstrate that the model can describe the development process from the non-equilibrium state to the equilibrium state of particle clusters after sudden external disturbance and accurately predict some important parameters, including the velocity of the particle cluster in the equilibrium state and the critical velocity that leads to the transition from fixed bed flow to moving bed flow. The model provides the theoretical basis and calculation method to remove corrosion impurities from product oil pipelines.

Методология управления качеством сложных технических систем на объектах магистрального трубопроводного транспортa нефти и нефтепродуктов

Методология управления качеством сложных технических систем на объектах магистрального трубопроводного транспортa нефти и нефтепродуктов

Формирование базы знаний и банков данных обоснования прочностной надежности системы трубопроводного транспорта нефти и нефтепродуктов

Формирование базы знаний и банков данных обоснования прочностной надежности системы трубопроводного транспорта нефти и нефтепродуктов

Развитие подходов к решению задач обеспечения прочности, ресурса и безопасности магистрального нефтепроводного транспорта

Ensuring the strength, service life and safety of the trunk pipelines is related to one of the most important areas of the fundamental scientific research and applied developments. Their results are of the undeniable importance for the design, construction and operation of the pipeline systems. In solving these problematic issues, for many decades the provisions were used related to the classical theories of the thin shells and strength theories, which formed the basis of the engineering calculations for determination of the pipeline parameters values. Occurrence of various damages and destructions during the process of operation of the oil pipelines and oil product pipelines, posed new challenges on improving their calibration calculations. Latest directive government decisions on the application of risk-oriented approaches during industrial safety analysis are the basis for the creation and use of the unified methodology for assessment and ensuring functioning of potentially hazardous industrial facilities (including trunk pipelines). Its development is carried out by joint efforts of academic, leading industry institutes and other scientific centers of Russia. Presented analysis of the complex problems of strength, service life and safety is based on the approaches implemented by OOO «Transneft» (head scientific subdivision of PAO «Transneft»).

A method for fast simulating the liquid seepage-diffusion process coupled with internal flow after leaking from buried pipelines

Abstract Once the oil pipeline leakage accident occurs, it is of great significance to predict the leakage volume and the diffusion range of leaked oil accurately and efficiently in order to reduce the contamination degree and formulate the environmental impact assessment and repair scheme. In this paper, a prediction model of leakage intensity of leaked oil and seepage-diffusion range in soil is proposed. Firstly, the entire leakage process inside and outside of buried product oil pipeline is simulated, including the process of pipe flow, orifice outflow, and seepage-diffusion, and thus the model of seepage-diffusion of oil in soil is established. Secondly, the coupling solution of seepage-diffusion in soil both before and after the transient pipe flow being terminated is accomplished via interactively transmitting the key parameters between the pipe flow and the seepage-diffusion process. Thirdly, the comparison of simulated data with experiment results proves that the flow-seepage-diffusion coupled model has better applicability and a higher accuracy in acquiring the severity, quantity, and range of the leakage. Finally, the effects of pressure transmission coefficient, leak orifice's size, leakage flowrate, pipe diameter, leak orifice's position, pipe depth, and diffusion resistance are systematically analyzed. Thus, the characteristics of dynamic seepage-diffusion of leaked oil in porous soil are investigated, which provides an important basis and technical support for pipeline accident treatment.

THE USE OF SOFTWARE CALCULATION MODULES FOR ANALYZE OF SEISMIC IMPACT ON OILFIELD PIPELINES

At the present stage, the existing infrastructure of oil production pipelines, as well as related equipment, which were designed and built in the Soviet period, are irreparably outdated. It is this fact that causes a steady increase in the costs of maintaining the equipment and performing repairs, as well as an increase in the number of accidents at the facilities. In the short term, when the functioning equipment is almost exhausted and at the same time, development of new gas and oil fields that are more distant or previously difficult to develop begins, it will become necessary to commission new pipelines with higher technical characteristics. If you do not develop virtual prototypes, then the material costs of creating new equipment or upgrading old ones will be huge. Since the implementation of work related to the exploration of new oil and gas fields is associated with high risks and uncertainties, it currently seems expedient and promising to use computer modeling in this area and develop new software products. Among other things, attention should be paid to the fact that the ANSYS software package is currently actively used in various industries. This is due to the fact that it includes a complete set of linear and non-linear models of materials, as well as a number of mathematical solvers, as well as a set of specialized tools that allow carrying out different types of analysis. Speaking about the mechanics of deformable solids, in this area using this software package one can perform both simple linear and non-linear statistical calculations, as well as more advanced dynamic ones, including harmonic and spectral analysis, analysis of random vibrations and transients. Also, within the framework of the complex, approaches to the analysis of the influence of seismic factors on oilfield pipelines using software calculation modules, including ANSYS software, Solid Works Simulation, are presented. The results of a comparative analysis of the calculation of the effect of seismic factors on the object, for the receipt of which the ANSYS 19.0 software package was used, are demonstrated by the example of the operation of a fragment of an oil field pipeline. The ANSYS software package includes a set of tools to solve a wide range of seismic problems, regardless of the nature of the source data, how complex the circuit is, and what accuracy of the solution is required. Due to this, the user can consciously choose which approach to solving a particular seismic problem will be optimal

Numerical Study on Diesel Oil Carrying Water Behaviors in Inclined Pipeline Based on Large Eddy Simulation

Water accumulation in low-lying areas of product oil pipelines always leads to corrosion damage of pipelines. Predicting the law of product oil carrying water can provide reference for the optimization of pipeline operation parameters and corrosion protection. A Volume of Fluid (VOF) model of oil-water two-phase flow based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) was established to investigate the diesel oil carrying water behaviors in inclined uphill pipes. Through comparative study of experimental and simulation results based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method, it is proved that the two-phase flow model based on LES-VOF can capture flow pattern characteristics such as wavy stratified flow, stratified flow and dispersed flow under different flow conditions. The model was used to simulate the oil carrying water process at different inlet oil flow velocities and inclination angles of uphill pipe on experimental scale. It was found that the shear rate of the oil-water interface increases with the increase of the inlet oil velocity, which leads to the increase of oil carrying water capacity. With the increase of slope angle, the two-phase flow pattern gradually transits from wavy stratified flow to dispersed flow. The model established in this paper provides a new method for the study of oil carrying water in product oil pipeline.

A method for detecting the early stages of local corrosion processes

The article discusses the issues of monitoring the parameters of carbon dioxide corrosion of oil and gas production equipment and pipelines. The features of the main control methods traditionally used in the construction of corrosion monitoring systems, both in gas and in oil environments, are described. The article shows the random nature of local corrosion. A new approach to the creation of systems capable of detecting manifestations of local corrosion in real time and corresponding to the concept of “smart” deposits is proposed.

Effect of specimen geometry, quenching and trigger mechanism on crushing performance of single hat column

Paraffin deposition in the crude oil production pipeline has been an alarming problem to the flow assurance community. This phenomenon causes a tremendous amount of material loss in the production and substantial resources are expended to resolve these flow assurance problems—which included the chemical treatment. This study examined an agricultural non-ionic silane-based surfactant and its blends (with silica nanoparticles) as a flow improver using Malaysian light crude oil (42.4°API). In particular, this study performed the following experimental measurements: wax appearance temperature, pour point, viscosity, and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. The result showed that the surfactant-nanoparticles blend affected the viscosity (significant reduction by approximately 67 %) within certain temperature range and were able to depress both pour point (to 4°C) and wax appearance temperature (15.6°C). It was also revealed that the most potent blend consisted 400 ppm of silane-based surfactant and 200 ppm of SiO2 nanoparticles. The study also evaluated the underlying mechanisms for the variation of viscosity through FTIR spectroscopic analysis.

Evaluation of silane-based surfactant nanohybrid as flow improver in a Malaysian light crude oil

Paraffin deposition in the crude oil production pipeline has been an alarming problem to the flow assurance community. This phenomenon causes a tremendous amount of material loss in the production and substantial resources are expended to resolve these flow assurance problems—which included the chemical treatment. This study examined an agricultural non-ionic silane-based surfactant and its blends (with silica nanoparticles) as a flow improver using Malaysian light crude oil (42.4°API). In particular, this study performed the following experimental measurements: wax appearance temperature, pour point, viscosity, and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. The result showed that the surfactant-nanoparticles blend affected the viscosity (significant reduction by approximately 67 %) within certain temperature range and were able to depress both pour point (to 4°C) and wax appearance temperature (15.6°C). It was also revealed that the most potent blend consisted 400 ppm of silane-based surfactant and 200 ppm of SiO2 nanoparticles. The study also evaluated the underlying mechanisms for the variation of viscosity through FTIR spectroscopic analysis.

海外成品油管道项目风险管理计划实践分析

海外成品油管道项目风险管理计划实践分析

手工下向焊工艺在成品油管道换管施工中的质量保证措施

手工下向焊工艺在成品油管道换管施工中的质量保证措施

Formation Mechanism of Trailing Oil in Product Oil Pipeline

Trailing oil is the tail section of contamination in oil pipelines. It is generated in batch transportation, for which one fluid, such as diesel oil follows another fluid, such as gasoline, and it has an effect on the quality of oil. This paper describes our analysis of the formation mechanism of trailing oil in pipelines and our study of the influence of dead-legs on the formation of trailing oil. We found that the oil replacement rate in a dead-leg is exponentially related to the flow speed, and the length of the dead-leg is exponentially related to the replacement time of the oil. To reduce the amount of mixed oil, the main flow speed should be kept at about 1.6 m/s, and the length of the dead-leg should be less than five times the diameter of the main pipe. In our work, the Reynolds time-averaged method is used to simulate turbulence. To obtain contamination-related experimental data, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is used to simulate different flow rates and bypass lengths. MATLAB software was used to perform multi-nonlinear regression for the oil substitution time, the length of the bypass, and the flow speed. We determined an equation for calculating the length of the trailing oil contamination produced by the dead-leg. A modified equation for calculating the length of the contamination was obtained by combining the existing equation for calculating the length of the contamination with new factors based on our work. The amounts of contamination predicted by the new equation is closer to the actual contamination amounts than predicted values from other methods suggested by previous scholars.

Анализ проектной и эксплуатационной нагруженности линейной части магистральных нефтепроводов и нефтепродуктопроводов

Анализ проектной и эксплуатационной нагруженности линейной части магистральных нефтепроводов и нефтепродуктопроводов

Optimal design of an oil pipeline with a large-slope section

ABSTRACTOne of the important issues in the operation of a long-distance oil pipeline in a large-slope area is pressure control, especially for the section after the turning point. In this study, a method to optimally design an oil pipeline with a large-slope section is proposed. The method is based on a stochastic mixed-integer linear programming model with minimal total cost as the objective function to determine the size of the pipeline, the location, the operational plan of pump stations and the location of pressure reduction stations. Hydraulic calculations and different types of oil product are considered. The uncertainty in flow rates of the pipeline is studied by the proposed stochastic programming approach. This method is applied to a real case of designing an oil product pipeline in a large-slope area.

Ecological advantages of underground coal gasification in the Republic of Tuva

Based on the analysis of the current situation with gas supply in the region (low gas supply of the population, lack of thermal generation based on gas), possible ways of solving the problem of providing gas for housing, industrial and communal facilities in the Republic of Tuva are being considered. The results of a study of the possibilities of using liquefied hydrocarbon gas, gas extracted from coal mining in the Ulug-Khem basin, gas from the underground fire of the Erbeksky coal deposit are presented. The needs for gas of all categories of consumers are estimated: the population, thermal generation enterprises, social and household spheres in the region. Prospects for gas supply are set out in connection with the solution of environmental problems: the reduction of air pollution in cities and towns. The directions of the solution of the problem of gasification of Tuva in the long-term prospect are substantiated, options for transferring the economy of the republic to the main gas supply, construction of the oil product pipeline are considered.