Oil Processing Company Research Articles

Isolation and Identification of Pyrene Degrading Bacteria and its Pathway from Suez Oil Processing Company, Suez, Egypt.

Isolation and Identification of Pyrene Degrading Bacteria and its Pathway from Suez Oil Processing Company, Suez, Egypt.

Mental workload measurement in operator control room using NASA-TLX

The workload, encountered a combination of physical workload and mental workload, is a consequence of the activities for workers. Central control room is one department in the oil processing company, employees tasked with monitoring the processing unit for 24 hours nonstop with a combination of 3 shifts in 8 hours. NASA-TLX (NASA Task Load Index) is one of the subjective mental workload measurement using six factors, namely the Mental demand (MD), Physical demand (PD), Temporal demand (TD), Performance (OP), Effort (EF), frustration levels (FR). Measurement of a subjective mental workload most widely used because it has a high degree of validity. Based on the calculation of the mental workload, there at 5 units (DTU, NPU, HTU, DIST and OPS) at the control chamber (94; 83.33; 94.67; 81, 33 and 94.67 respectively) that categorize as very high mental workload. The high level of mental workload on the operator in the Central Control Room is a requirement to have high accuracy, alertness and can make decisions quickly

Source apportionment and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in road dust from urban industrial areas of Ahvaz megacity, Iran.

This study investigates the occurrence and spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (Hg, Cd, Cu, Mo, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Al, Fe, Mn, V and Sb) in 67 road dust samples collected from urban industrial areas in Ahvaz megacity, southwest of Iran. Geochemical methods, multivariate statistics, geostatistics and health risk assessment model were adopted to study the spatial pollution pattern and to identify the priority pollutants, regions of concern and sources of the studied PTEs. Also, receptor positive matrix factorization model was employed to assess pollution sources. Compared to the local background, the median enrichment factor values revealed the following order: Sb>Pb>Hg>Zn>Cu>V>Fe>Mo>Cd>Mn>Cr≈Co≈Al≈Ni. Statistical results show that a significant difference exists between concentrations of Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Sb, V and Hg in different regions (univariate analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test p<0.05), indicating the existence of highly contaminated spots. Integrated source identification coupled with positive matrix factorization model revealed that traffic-related emissions (43.5%) and steel industries (26.4%) were first two sources of PTEs in road dust, followed by natural sources (22.6%) and pipe and oil processing companies (7.5%). The arithmetic mean of pollution load index (PLI) values for high traffic sector (1.92) is greater than industrial (1.80) and residential areas (1.25). Also, the results show that ecological risk values for Hg and Pb in 41.8 and 9% of total dust samples are higher than 80, indicating their considerable or higher potential ecological risk. The health risk assessment model showed that ingestion of dust particles contributed more than 83% of the overall non-carcinogenic risk. For both residential and industrial scenarios, Hg and Pb had the highest risk values, whereas Mo has the lowest value.

Enhancement the Bioremediation of Crude Oil by Nanoparticle and Biosurfactants

The present study concerns the bioremediation process of oil contaminated soil from Suez Oil Processing Company. Nineteen crude oil-degrading bacterial isolates were isolated from this oil-polluted area. Four bacterial species showed the highest growth rate on crude oil hydrocarbons. The bioremediation process was studied by pure and bacterial consortium. The oil contents in the different microcosms reduced up to 80% via bioremediation after 7 days. The Gas Chromatographic analysis of the crude oil remaining in different culture media after one week was determined. The nanoparticle and biosurfactant showed selective bioremediation enhancement for n- and iso- paraffins. The percentage biodegradation was reached into the maximum value in microcosm containing biosurfactant, nanoparticle and bacterial consortium of the best four bacterial strains into 90% after 7 days. The complete degradation of some different members of polyaromatics and the percentage biodegradation of other polyaromatics increased in different microcosms which investigated by HPLC analysis.

Research on the Mathematical Model for Developing the Oil Processing Company Environmental Strategies

As an attempt to define and characterize the elements required for the ERE systems optimal driving programs (objective of reaching future) in this paper are presented the results made the connection ENE-ECO in order to optimize the operating mode of the oil processing companies installations, depending on environmental and energy indicators. Strong companies in the field, studies (and even started applying) modern methods based on mathematical modeling and neural networks for the correlations between energy indicators and the environment on the one hand, and processing parameters on the other. In order to structure such an optimization methods, the paper presents a mathematical model and calculation program for determining energy and environmental indicators, depending on processing parameters, which become tools of own conception, applicable to any production installation. The study of these models, enable to identify the specific conditions, that must be satisfied for that economic processes to friendly coexist for long term with the environment, namely, to have an minimal impact, meaning that the resulting residues from the economic activity of the organization to be as less harmful as possible for the environment.

Assessing of organic content in surface sediments of Suez Gulf, Egypt depending on normal alkanes, terpanes and steranes biological markers indicators

The Semi-enclosed Suez Gulf records various signals of high anthropic pressures from surrounding regions and the industrialized Suez countries. The sedimentary hydrocarbons have been studied in 6 coastal stations located in the Gulf of Suez. Non-aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS to assess organic content in surface sediments of Suez Gulf, Egypt depending on alkanes, terpanes and steranes biological markers indicators. The results showed that the hydrocarbons are originated from multiple terrestrial inputs, biogenic, pyrolytic. Several ratios of hydrocarbons indicated the predominance of petrogenic in combination with biogenic hydrocarbons. Al-Attaqa harbor, Suez oil processing company, Al-Nasr Oil Company, AL-Kabanon and EL-Sukhna of Loloha Beach are the main sources of petroleum contamination.

Kontribusi Faktor-Faktor Pendorong Terhadap Penerapan PROPER di Perusahaan Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit di Propinsi Riau

The objective of this study was to describe the implementation of Company Environmental Performance Programme (PROPER) on palm oil processing company in Riau Province and to analyze the effect of determining factors such as the announcement of company performance in the mass media, banking factor, global market demands, legal sanctions and the company's commitment to the implementation of the PROPER. Samples were selected at purposive random from palm oil processing plants located in Riau province which participated in PROPER in the year of 2013-2014. Data analysis were performed by multiple linear regression. The result shows that there was significant influence of the variables of the announcement in the mass media, banking factor, global market demands, legal sanctions and the company's commitment to environmental performance (PROPER). Variation of the independent variables (announcement in the mass media, banking factor, global market demands, legal sanctions and company’s commitment) could explain only 36.1% of the dependent variable (PROPER) while the remaining 63.9% is explained by other variables. Analysis of single determinant such as announcement in the mass media and global market demands has nonsignificantly positive effect on the environmental performance (PROPER). While the smooth provision of credit by banks and legal sanctions has non-significantly negative effect on the environmental performance (PROPER). On the other hand, the company's commitment in managing the environment has significant positive effect to the environmental performance (PROPER).

Determinants for CSR in Developing Countries: The Case of Indonesian Palm Oil Companies

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is playing an increasingly important role in developing countries like Indonesia, where the palm oil industry, in particular, has caused public concern over its possible impacts on the environment. A land reallocation program called NES has been initiated by the Indonesian government with the aim of harmonizing the benefits of palm oil production between the palm oil processing companies and small-scale farmers. This is of particular interest as the CSR activities of the companies could provide an indicator of their attitudes toward a socially acceptable management style. This research aims to find empirical evidence to identify the driving forces behind the CSR activities carried out by palm oil companies in Indonesia. The results of the regression analysis performed on data from a questionnaire survey of large-scale palm oil companies concluded that not only the size of the company but also the performance of the NES scheme and the perception of relationships with local communities are major driving forces that stimulate participation in CSR activities.

Evaluating supply chain relationship quality, organisational resources, technological innovation and enterprise performance in the palm oil processing sector in Asia

Purpose– This paper aims to evaluate the relationship between organisational resources, technological innovation, relationship quality and enterprise performance, as well as the mediating effect of firm–supplier RQ.Design/methodology/approach– A survey was conducted of the palm oil processing sector in Malaysia, consisting milling, refining and oleo-chemical companies. Data were gathered and used to statistically test hypotheses that underpinned a proposed conceptual model.Findings– Organisational resources have a direct impact on RQ, which, in turn, has a direct effect on performance indicators such as financial performance, market effectiveness and strategic objectives. RQ is a mediator in some of the resource-performance relationships, which underpins the genesis of the research undertaken. The mediating role played by RQ in promoting business performance in the palm oil processing sectors, is achieved through translating the effects of organisational resources into improved business performance.Research limitations/implications– The main limitation of this study lies in its cross-sectional nature. A single respondent was drawn from each company, and information from each respondent was obtained only once and at a single point in time.Practical implications– The results offer some suggestions to top management, e.g. on the type of resources to invest in and exploring vital relational issues that enhance performance outcomes and the impact of different sets of resources on relational dynamics.Originality/value– Very little is known about the application of resource-based view in the Asian context, or how RQ affects business performance from the East Asian perspective. By confirming the strong impact of RQ on business performance in the Asian context, the study adds value by providing evidence from the East. The study also makes a contextual contribution, by demonstrating the applicability of the observed relationships among palm oil processing companies from a non-Western, collectivist society.

The Effect of Two Amine-Based Corrosion Inhibitors in Improving the Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel in Sea Water

This study investigates the effect of two amine-based corrosion inhibitors in reducing the corrosion rate (CR) of 1018 carbon steel in formulated sea water. For discussion purposes, the two inhibitors are named Inhibitor A (belongs to the alkyl pyridine benzyl chloride quaternary family of inhibitors) and Inhibitor B (belongs to the alkyl amines family of inhibitors). The two inhibitors are routinely considered for applications by Saudi Aramco, the world’s largest oil producing and processing company, for reducing its corrosion problems in carbon steel pipelines carrying oil and gas. The experimental apparatus was a circulating flow loop system inside an autoclave. The experimental work was performed at pH 8.2, 55 °C, and 1000 rpm. The inhibitors were evaluated at three different concentrations of 5, 10, and 15 ppm. The CR was determined using the weight loss method and electrochemical methods such potentiodynamic sweep and linear polarization resistance. The experimental results indicate that Inhibitor B reduced the CR more than that of Inhibitor A.

Quality Assessment of Effluent Discharges from Vegetable oil Plant

The quality of effluent discharges from a vegetable oil processing company, located in Anambra State – South east Nigeria, was evaluated relative to regulatory body – Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) standard. Wastewater quality parameters namely; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), total hydrocarbon content (THC), oil and grease, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, and temperature were determined weekly on effluent samples, for a period of 12 weeks, using standard methods. The effluent data were subjected to statistical correlation. BOD values ranged from 10.80 – 94.20 mg/L, with 90% occurrence value of 81.20 mg/L, which exceeded FEPA set limit of 50mgLl by 62.40% for about 14% of the time. DO level ranged from 2.70 – 4.60 mg/L which was below the saturation point of 7.5mg/L at 300C. THC, Oil and Grease consistently exceeded the set limit of 10 mg/L. Effluent pH range of 4.60 - 9.60 was outside FEPA range of 6-9. However, TDS and temperature levels were consistently within permissible limits through out the period under investigation. There is need for proper treatment and monitoring of effluent to ensure consistent quality that meets environmental standard.Keywords: Quality parameters, set limits, percent occurrence value, period, regulatory

Organisational capabilities and relationship quality

PurposeThe paper aims to examine the mediating role of relationship quality in the relationship between organisational capabilities and business performance in palm oil processing companies in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a mail survey and achieved a final sample of 330 palm oil processing companies.FindingsThe results show that relationship quality has strong mediating effects on the relationship between market orientation, learning orientation, and innovativeness and business performance, but does not have any significant effect on the relationship between manufacturing capabilities and performance.Practical implicationsThe study has implications for academics, managers and policy makers.Originality/valueThe major contribution of this paper is to fill the gaps in theoretical and empirical perspectives about the mediating role of relationship quality.

Libyan Petroleum Institute experience in evaluation ofdesalination plants in the Libyan oil sector

A study by the Libyan Petroleum Institute of Libya (LPI) evaluated the performance of desalination at fourLibyan oil-processing companies for two years of operation. The performance criteria were performance ratios, conversion ratios, availability factors and thermal efficiencies. Mass and energy balances of the units were checked. Construction materials used with regard to corrosion resistance and mechanical strength were checked. Cost analysis was conducted for each of the desalination units. The cost of unit product of distillate water was compared with international costs of water. Problems facing the desalination units were discussed and an attempt made to suggest solutions.

Utilization of technogenic material from an oil-processing company in the production of building ceramics

The results of studying the possibility of using a technogenic material (catalyst) in the production of building ceramics are discussed. The physicochemical properties and structural parameters of ceramic samples are given. In the case of introducing the catalyst in a molding mixture, the firing temperature should be increased and the amount of the catalyst should not exceed 7–10%.

Evaluation of activated sludge treatment and settleability in remediation of edible oil effluent

Wastewater discharged from the edible oil industry contains a very concentrated amalgamation of organic and inorganic materials making it a problematic effluent to treat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activated sludge treatment of edible oil effluent from a sunflower oil processing company in KwaZulu-Natal. A 28 &#8467; laboratory-scale modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) activated sludge process was used to treat refinery effluent from the industry. Pre-flocculation of the effluent was necessary to remove the bulk of the fats, oils and greases (FOG) prior to treatment. Routine analyses of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (TP), total suspended solids (TSS), dilute sludge volume index (DSVI) and FOG were conducted in conjunction with microscopic analyses of floc structure, filamentous bacteria and protozoa. An average COD removal of 81% was obtained for the flocculated effluent, at a 15 d sludge age and 24 h hydraulic retention time. However, significantly high TSS values were observed in the treated effluent as a result of sludge-oil aggregation, pin-point floc formation and high numbers of freeswimming bacteria. Microscopic analysis confirmed an absence of filamentous bacteria resulting in poor floc formation, subject to shearing. Periods of soybean oil effluent addition, however, resulted in sludge bulking with DSVI measurements as high as 770 m&#8467; /g. Fluctuating protozoan populations were also correlated to fluctuating TSS values and were found to be negatively impacted by uncontrolled pre-flocculation. Water SA Vol.29(3) 2003: 245-250

A generic framework for transforming EXPRESS information models

The ability to share information on an enterprise-wide basis is a key requirement for large manufacturing and processing industries such as automotive, aerospace and oil processing companies. The Standard for the Exchange of Product Model data (STEP-ISO 10303) addresses this through formats and programming interfaces derived directly from domain-related information models written in the EXPRESS information modelling language. However, these formats and programming interfaces are predetermined, and not always well suited to current information processing technologies. In this paper, a framework for manipulating EXPRESS models is described. The goal is to retain the STEP concept of the direct mapping of an information model to an implementation, but to do so in a way that enables alternative implementation strategies to be adopted. This system, called STEPWISE, allows the user to specify manipulations and model transformations in order to convert models from one form into another. This might, for example, involve conversion from a conceptual model to an implementation-level data model, creating a subset of a model, or even adding concepts to a low-level model that represents a legacy data format. The transformations are carried out on the models in such a way that the integrity of the referencing and the constraints can be maintained as far as possible. Various examples of model manipulation are described in order to illustrate the issues that must be considered when manipulating sophisticated conceptual models.