Oil Pipeline Construction Research Articles

Vibration Effect Induced by Rock Breaking Technology Based on Dry Ice and Energy-gathered Agent in Trench Excavation

Rock breaking technology based on dry ice and energy-gathered agent has been developed and successfully applied in trench excavation for construction of oil pipeline. The vibration velocity waveform induced by this technology was monitored in site test to determine the attenuation law of vibration velocity with hypocentral distance. The results show that this rock breaking technology is effective method of trench excavation. It does not excessively damage the adjacent rock mass, ensuring the integrity of ditch walls. The vibration velocity induced by this technology is decay with the increase of hypocentral distance. At the hypocentral distance of 10m, the vibration velocity reduces to less than 20mm/s, which meets the requirements of the safety standard of blasting vibration in general buildings engineering. The results of this experiment have an important guiding effect on the field engineering practice and application of rock breaking technology based on dry ice and energy-gathered agent.

Full-scale experimental investigation of the fracture behaviours of welding joints of APL X80 wide plate based on DIC technology

With the advances in material research and pipe manufacturing, the construction of oil and gas pipelines is developing continuously, and the evaluation of welding joints with defects has become the focus of pipeline safety research. In this study, two full-scale wide plate tensile tests were performed on Ø1422 mm × 25.7 mm X80 specimens with original and repaired welding joints. By comparing and analysing the experimental load–displacement responses, as well as the synchronous monitoring results of strain gauge and digital image correlation (DIC) system, the variation trend of the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) with distal strain, and the strain capacity of welding joints under different critical CMOD conditions were obtained. This way, the difference in bearing capacity between the original and the repaired welding joints was further determined. Under the same load condition, the driving force of the defect crack expansion at the repaired welding joint was smaller. When the critical CMOD was 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm, the strain capacity of the repaired welding joint was increased by 0.12% and 0.35%, respectively. Therefore, the repair operations of the welding joint effectively strengthen its deformation capacity. This research can provide a valuable data basis for the subsequent verification of numerical analysis models, and can also be referenced for the safety evaluation of pipelines with crack defects.

From the history of the problem of oil transportation and storage. Contribution of Shukhov V.G.

A significant part of the oil consumed in the world is transported from production and processing sites to consumers via tankers and pipelines. According to experts' forecasts, the demand for oil and petroleum products in the coming years will be significantly higher than in 2020. In Russia, the oil transportation market is developing in several directions. The main directions are investing in pipeline transport and improving the design of tanks for storing oil and petroleum products. The article considers the contribution of the great Russian engineer V.G. Shukhov to the solution of the problem of oil transportation and storage and in general to the development of the oil industry. In the article "Oil Pipelines" (1884) and in the book "Pipelines and their application in the oil industry" (1894), V.G. Shukhov gave precise mathematical formulae for describing the processes of oil and fuel oil flowing through pipelines, creating a classical theory of oil pipelines. He is the author of the projects of the first Russian main pipelines: Baku-Batumi with a length of 883 km (1907) and Grozny-Tuapse with a length of 618 km (1928). Shukhov V.G. designed and then supervised the construction of oil pipelines of the companies "Branobel", "G.M. Lianozova and sons" and the world's first heated fuel oil pipeline. Working in the oil fields in Baku, Shukhov V.G. developed the basics of lifting and pumping oil products, proposed a method of lifting oil using compressed air — airlift, developed a calculation method and technology for the construction of cylindrical steel tanks for oil storage facilities.

Is it win-win alignment of the Chinese Belt and Road initiative and the Nurly Zhol programme in Kazakhstan? A case study

China’s Belt and Road Initiative is far-reaching policy which aims to expand and strengthen China’s influence in the international sphere. It encompasses many countries around the globe and has the intention of achieving mutual economic growth. Through Belt and Road Initiative, China is establishing multiple strategic partnerships with both small and large countries through the development of infrastructure: the New Silk Road routes from Asia to Europe; the construction of oil and gas pipelines between Central Asia and China; and modernized seaports. This study will analyse the Chinese initiative as evidence for hegemonic stability theory in relation to long-term impact; and the convergence between the Belt and Road and Nurly Zhol programmes in relation to short-term impacts on the development of Kazakhstan. The methods used are theory building; and a comparative analysis of the two programmes in terms of establishing a strategic partnership between China and Kazakhstan. The China International Initiative is an entirely new global mechanism of international cooperation that aims to achieve mutually beneficial and successful development. The participating countries that are actively involved in it, and will receive significant benefits, and this is about 150 countries and more than 30 international organizations that have already signed documents on cooperation with China within the framework of this initiative. In conclusion, conclusions are given regarding the alignment of interests with the program Nurly-Zhol and from the Chinese initiative for the development of the Belt and Road.

A ALAVANCA ENERGÉTICA RUSSA: A Utilização do Setor de Petróleo e Gás como Instrumento Geopolítico.

Neste texto busca-se sistematizar o papel da industria do petroleo e gas (PG Geopolitica Energetica; Petroleo e Gas. ABSTRACT: This text seeks to systematize the role of the oil and gas industry (P&G) in the geopolitical strengthening of the Russian Federation in the post-Cold War period. The analysis focuses on the actions taken by the country after the arrival of Vladimir Putin to power, since the corporatist nature of his government, based on a “vertical of power”, favors the use of the referred sector for geopolitical purposes. The motivation for writing an article is to contribute to the systematic studies of the Kremlin's initiatives around the energy lever of power and the reactions raised by these initiatives in other actors in the region. Our goal is to characterize the variable “Russian oil and gas sector”. This will be carried out based on quantitative analysis with regard to the verification of measurement elements linked to the variable, such as export volumes, however, qualitative analysis will also be used. Results indicate three fronts of central action of the great Russian strategy with respect to the sector: Europe, China and close foreigners, based on projects for the construction of oil and gas pipelines and strategic investments in partner countries.. Keywords: Russian Federation. Energy Geopolitics. Oil and Gas.

Анализ причин разрушения деталей трассового изготовления

About 4 % of the connecting pieces used in the construction of oil pipelines in the 1950s–1970s were manufactured in the field. Despite the fact that in recent years the number of such parts has significantly reduced, failures associated with their lack of reliability occupy a noticeable share in the total number of failures in the system of oil trunk pipelines. The purpose of this work is to analyze the typical causes of failure of connecting parts using the example of a tee bend with a reinforcing plate. The authors carried out structural and fractographic studies of the defective structure. On the basis of information about the operating conditions and the actual characteristics of the bend metal, as well as data on the centers of destruction and the nature of crack propagation, computer modeling of the stress-strain state of the part was carried out. Based on the results of metallurgical studies and computer modeling, it was established that the cause of the formation of a through crack in the weld at the junction of the main oil pipeline and the reserve branch was excess stresses in the area of welding of the reinforcing plate to the branch, exceeding the tensile strength of the material of the tee branch pipe.

Study of An Environmentally Friendly Oil Pipeline Cleaning Technology Based on Self-Propelled Intelligent Robot

Polymers, coke, oil dirt, limescale, sediments and rust corrosives, which are adhered to pipe wall, will be generated during the oil pipeline transport, thus leading to degradation of production efficiency, increasing the energy consumption and seriously impacting oil transport quality, efficiency and safety. What’s worse, this will result in blockage and thus interrupt the flow and suspend the production. Based on modern artificial intelligence (AI) and new-type environmental protection technologies, a self-propelled robot of intelligent manipulation is proposed and enters oil pipeline to conduct environmentally friendly cleaning using high-pressure water jet, and the cleaning wastewater can be recycled. This environmentally friendly intelligent pipeline robot is applicable to detection and high-pressure water jet cleaning of circular variable-sectional-diameter pipelines in closed environment. Furthermore, it is capable of online pipe wall quality detection for horizontal, vertical and turning circular pipelines, and also cleaning effect evaluation. According to the operating principle, an environmentally friendly oil pipeline cleaning technology based on intelligent robot is proposed by combining the technical characteristics in the existing oil pipeline design and construction, in an effort to provide a reference for intelligent cleaning and automatic visual inspection and evaluation of oil pipelines.

Occurrence, sources and potential risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a permafrost soil core, northeast China.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an AMS 14C-dated permafrost soil core extracted from continuous permafrost zone were measured to reconstruct the pollution history from the early Holocene (ca. 15480 a BP) and its potential risks under climate changes were evaluated in northeast China. Total PAH concentrations varied from 209 to 2161 ng/g through the core, which were moderately contaminated in the surface but heavily contaminated historically. Factor analysis indicated that volcanic activity, diagenesis from biological precursors and palaeo forest fires were dominant PAH sources, while petroleum emission was identified in the active layer due to the construction of China-Russia oil pipeline. Significant increases in 5-ring, 6-ring and 7 carcinogenic PAHs (p < 0.05) were observed from surface to the interface of the active layer and ice-rich permafrost layer, showing a selective downward migration in the active layer which might be effected by the repetitive cycles of freezing and thawing. Results implied that PAHs in the ice-rich permafrost layer could lead to an unpredictably serious consequence under the further climate warming.

To the issue of application of thermoplastic reinforced pipes for the construction of oil and gas pipelines in the Arctic

Ensuring the safety of oil and gas facilities and increasing their facility life are today one of the most important tasks. Emergencies related to rupture and damage of steel pipelines because of their wear and tear and external factors are still the most frequent cases of emergencies during the transportation of hydrocarbons. To expand the fuel and energy complex in the north, in the direction of the Arctic, alternative types of pipelines are needed that solve the problems of reducing energy and labor costs in oil and gas companies, reducing the risk of environmental disasters and depressurization of pipelines during hydrocarbon production. Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic pipes can be such an alternative. This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the materials of a composite system consisting of a thermoplastic pipe (inner layer) and reinforcing fibers (outer layer); we are discussing the design of the structural system consisting of polyethylene (inner layer) and aramid fibers (outer reinforcing layer).

Role of NGOs in Promoting Salience of Stakeholders and Social Issues

Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) often pressure governments and companies to change solutions to social problems such as environmental degradation by shaping powerful resistance and forming coalitions. There are gaps in understanding how NGOs influence managers’ interpretation of the significance of social issues and social groups in stakeholder and issue salience assessments. This paper aims to explore NGO activism in the Russian Arctic region that emerged during oil pipeline construction and outcomes of resulting regional legislation on social impact assessment and compensation extended to indigenous peoples. It is based on the analysis of qualitative data collected in 2006-2019 using Salience and Institutional Analysis and Design framework, which allows to examine the role of NGOs in elevating salience of indigenous peoples as stakeholders and their concerns within the nexus of business- government-community operating at operational, collective-choice and constitutional levels. The new regulation appears to address NGO activism at the collective-choice level, but actually limits NGOs’ ability to influence radical change at the constitutional level of environmental governance. As a result, active participation of NGOs adds external legitimacy to government innovations, while paradoxically reifying the exclusion of indigenous groups from critical governance functions such as distribution of benefits and participation in modification of solutions.

APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC WORKS FOR SURVEYING OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES

During the construction of oil and gas pipelines, a complex of engineering and geodetic works is necessary to ensure the geometric parameters of the designed routes during their laying. Therefore, the development of new methods for performing engineering and geodetic works for tracing linear structures using modern instruments is an urgent task. The purpose of this research is to analyze the modern methodology for the implementation of engineering and geodetic works for surveying and construction of the gas pipeline. The object of surveying is the route of the main gas pipeline «Aikhal-Udachny». The approbation of the methodology for performing engineering and geodetic works surveying for the «Aikhal-Udachny» gas pipeline was carried out and an analysis of the results was given.

Study on inner corrosion behavior of high strength product oil pipelines

Pipeline transportation is one of the five major modes of transportation. Inner corrosion problems in product oil pipelines are widespread but have not received attention, and high strength product oil pipelines are rarely used in China. In this paper, morphology and composition analysis and electrochemical methods were used to study the corrosion behaviors and characteristics of API 5L X65, X70 and X80 steel product oil pipelines. The feasibility of using high strength product oil pipelines in the transportation environment of product oil under the condition of inner corrosion is discussed, and the support for the safe operation of product oil pipelines is provided. The research results show that X80 pipeline steel has advantages over X65 and X70 pipeline steel. In the simulated liquid system of sediments in product oil pipeline, as the immersion time increases, the corrosion rate of X65, X70 and X80 pipeline steels shows a trend from high to low. Morphological analysis and electrochemical analysis showed that X80 pipeline steel showed better performance and adaptability to the environment, and its aerobic corrosion reaction was slower than that of X65 and X70 pipeline steel. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show that the three pipeline steels have the same corrosion mechanism, and all of them form Fe2O3, FeOOH, FeCO3, and FeS. The corrosion process is similar but the speed is different. This is attributed to the more corrosion-resistant trace elements in the X80 pipeline steel composition and the structure more compact. The application of high strength API 5L X80 steel in the product oil pipeline is still in its infancy, and it will be more practical to accelerate the development of API 5L X80 steel to make it more applicable to the construction of product oil pipelines.

Imperatives for the Amendment of the Nigerian Oil Pipelines Act

Pipelines have been recognized to be one of the most effective means of transportation in any oil producing state. It however has its technicalities, hence the provision of regulations and guidelines for their operation. Nigeria as an oil producing state has been operating with pipelines for many years now, but in all ramifications it has not had the best and efficient oil pipeline system. This research work was as a result of the failure of the Oil Pipelines Act and its subsidiary Regulation, Guidelines and Procedure for the Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Oil and Gas Pipelines and their Ancillary Facilities, to create for an effective pipeline operation. This research applied a doctrinal type of methodology and adopted an analytical, comparative and descriptive approach. It was found that the problem with the Nigerian Oil Pipelines Act, is that it is outdated. The Act has been in existence for more than 50 years; and because of this, it cannot meet the current needs and trends in the country. Some of the needs are: meeting up with Technological Advancements, Managerial and maintenance skills, Environmental Protection, Efficiency in transportation and Security issues. More importantly it cannot take care of the current exigenecies in the country with regard to transportation of oil. This research has offered some recommendations to improve the oil pipeline system. Some of which includes a proper creation for an effective monitoring system. This should be done by qualified personnel and also with the use of advanced technology obtainable in some countries like the US. This advanced technological monitoring system will not only report any vandalization, but will also indicate when there is need for maintenance especially pipeline corrosion. There should be more creation of oil and gas pipelines in all the cities to discourage transportation of petroleum products through tanker which over the years have been the cause of so many road accidents and fire outbreaks. There should be an improvement on the types of pipelines operated; this should include new age pipelines. These problems associated with the Oil Pipelines Act necessitated the call for its amendment.

Trenchless Construction Technologies for Oil and Gas Pipelines: State-of-the-Art Review

AbstractWith the accelerated construction and aging of underground oil and gas pipelines, trenchless technology (TT) has developed rapidly in recent years. This paper briefly introduces the trenchl...

Construction of Long-Distance Oil Pipelines

Construction of Long-Distance Oil Pipelines

Automatic labeling algorithms and their applications in weld seam of oil pipeline

Building information model (BIM) technology has become an important tool for construction practitioners to improve the engineering design, construction and management. However, it has not been widely used in petrochemical industry, such as oil pipeline construction. This paper presents an automatic labeling algorithm based on BIM technology. We used simulated annealing algorithm to optimize the overlap of pipe weld label positions, resulting in the sequential pipe welds. We used this algorithm in oil pipeline construction and verified its automatic labeling effect on pipe welds.

Collateral Conversion in Cross-Border Infrastructure Financing Projects

Due to its geographical position, and also because of the potential integration of the Western Balkans economies into the European single market in the near future, in recent years, important and legally challenging cross-border infrastructure projects have taken and will continue to take place in Albania. These complex projects, such as the construction of railways, gas and oil pipelines and others, are challenging to finance, not to mention the legal challenges they face including the occupation of construction sites and easement. Above all, providing collateral is a crucial factor in increasing the chances of successfully financing, implementing, and completing these projects; particularly where in such projects the assets themselves used as collateral are purchased, created, and built during the implementation phase. In this article I will address some Albanian legal issues to be considered in the process of legal assessment of the quality and provision of collateral in financing of cross-border infrastructure projects. Specifically, I will address some specific legal issues associated with the conversion of collateral. The need for this analysis arises from the challenges involved in implementing such projects in Albania and also from the need to recognize the compatibility of the legal provisions and their applicability in different jurisdictions. Especially when the same pool of lenders are available for the companies building and developing the relevant infrastructure networks in multiple cross-border states. Below, I have itemized the key issues to consider when seeking to secure such financing.

К вопросу о механизме тепло- и массопереноса влаги при термическом воздействии на мёрзлые грунты при строительстве и эксплуатации нефтегазопроводов

К вопросу о механизме тепло- и массопереноса влаги при термическом воздействии на мёрзлые грунты при строительстве и эксплуатации нефтегазопроводов

Исследование влияния свойств грунта на производительность бурового термомеханического инструмента для применения при строительстве и эксплуатации нефтегазопроводов

Исследование влияния свойств грунта на производительность бурового термомеханического инструмента для применения при строительстве и эксплуатации нефтегазопроводов

油气管道施工企业目标成本管理模式的探究与应用

油气管道施工企业目标成本管理模式的探究与应用