Presence Of Oil Research Articles

Water in nigella oil microemulsion for enhanced oral bioavailability of linagliptin.

Linagliptin is hydrophilic antidiabetic with poor oral bioavailability due to poor permeability and pre-systemic metabolism. The objective was to assess w/o microemulsion for enhanced oral bioavailability of linagliptin. Nigella oil was used as oily phase based on its reported antidiabetic effect. Isopropyl myristate (IPM) or capryol were combined with nigella oil to impart intestinal membrane permeabilizing abilities. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed utilizing nigella oil in presence and absence of isopropyl myristate or capryol as oily phase using Tween 60 as surfactant. W/O microemulsion formulations were selected from the constructed phase diagrams and linagliptin was loaded in the internal aqueous phase at a concentration of 0.5mg/ml. The prepared formulations were physically evaluated and linagliptin in vitro release was monitored. Eventually, the in vivo hypoglycemic effect was assessed using diabetic rats. The developed microemulsions were of w/o type and exhibited Newtonian flow behavior with nigella/capryol microemulsion recording the lowest viscosity. The recorded droplet size values were 104.9, 121.2 and 86.4nm for nigella, nigella/IPM and nigella/capryol microemulsions, respectively. All microemulsion formulations showed slower drug release rate compared with aqueous suspension with nigella/capryol microemulsion showing the highest release rate compared to other microemulsions. Release data from microemulsion best fitted to Higuchi model. In vivo oral hypoglycemic activity measurement reflected a more intensified hypoglycemic effect with rapid onset after oral ingestion of microemulsion compared to linagliptin dispersion. Nigella oil/IPM-based microemulsion was ranked as the most effective. The investigation highlighted the feasibility of w/o microemulsion for enhanced oral bioavailability of hydrophilic drugs like linagliptin.

Utilization of ladle furnace slag for fabrication of geopolymer: Its application as catalyst for biodiesel production

This study focuses on recycling of ladle furnace slag for fabrication of geopolymer. Moreover, its application as a catalyst for biodiesel production is the main goal of this study. Several batches of geopolymer were prepared from ladle furnace slag and metakaolin in the existence of alkali activator. Phase identification of prepared geopolymers was inspected by x-ray diffraction and FT-IR while the physical properties (bulk density and apparent porosity) were examined giving the Archimedes' rule. Furthermore, the compressive strength was also tested. An attempt for application of prepared geopolymers as catalyst for biodiesel production was conducted using geopolymer fine powders (calcined at different temperatures) and soybean oil in presence of methanol. To evaluate the efficiency of prepared biodiesel, its density, Kinematic viscosity and flash point were determined. The results revealed that geopolymer bulk materials were successfully prepared from ladle furnace slag and kaolin. The prepared geopolymers have good physical and compressive strength. The best compressive strength (21 MPa) of prepared geopolymer was obtained for the batch composed of 60% ladle furnace slag and 40% metakaolin. Also, the results of density, viscosity and flash point of produced biodiesel were in the standard range, i.e. 0.848–0.885 g/cm3, 2.8–5.1 mm2/s and 90–135 °C, respectively.

Natural Oils\\Silicon based materials for imparting new properties to cellulose based fabrics

Water-repellent cotton and blended (cotton/polyester) fabrics have been obtained by treating them with solutions made of PDMS with mesoporous silica microcapsules loaded with different natural plant oils in presence of a crosslinker. The microcapsules were formed by using Emulsion solvent evaporation method using mesoporous silica as shell materials and natural oils (flaxseed oil, castor oil, olive oil, and soybeans oil) as a core material. The formed silica mesoporous micro capsuled were characterized by using different techniques. Different formulation ratios of PDMS, silica, silica loaded with oils, and different kinds of crosslinkers were tested to find out the best formulation recipe by using pad- the dry-cure method. The treated fabric was characterized by using different techniques.

Kinetics study of cold rolling lubricant degradation through advanced instrumental techniques

AbstractResearch was focused on understanding the degradation kinetics of cold rolling oil used in the rolling mill at Tata Steel. Aged rolling oil leads to various surface defects. Ageing phenomenon is influenced through thermo‐mechanical behaviour, oxidation, hydrolysis and presence of iron fines. Ageing of cold rolling oil in presence of iron fines was systematically performed at various temperature followed by thermo‐mechanical wear tests. With variation in intensity of ageing, change in physico‐chemical parameters and fatty acid distribution (FAD) within triglycerides could be observed. The impact of the controlled ageing on performance parameters like lubrication, evaporation kinetics and oxidative stability were also studied. Thermo‐oxidative ageing depletes antioxidant concentration within the rolling oil resulting in rapid oxidation of unsaturated fats. This leads to rapid build‐up of high molecular weight ingredients resulting in formation of fatty acid soaps or scum. The resultant scum negatively impacts the boundary lubrication and evaporation kinetics of rolling oil.

Catalytic upgrading of crude tire oil produced from hydrothermal liquefaction of scrap tire using Pd/Al2O3 nanocomposite

In this study, hydrothermal catalytic upgrading of crude tire oil was conducted in the presence of formic acid to decrease the viscosity, increase the high heating value (HHV), and improve the chemical composition of the liquid crude tire oil. Palladium nanoparticles immobilized on the surface of magnetic alumina (Pd/Al2O3/Fe3O4) were used as the catalyst. The catalyst had surface area of 101.67 m2/g and micropore volume of 0.31 cm3/g. Furthermore, EDS analysis showed that the palladium content of the catalyst was 2.29 wt%. Crude tire oil was produced by using the hydrothermal liquefaction process of scrap tire oil in presence of deionized water with a tire/water mass ratio of 1:4 in a molten salt bath using a cylindrical batch reactor. The effect of temperature (280–350 °C) and reaction time (20–120 min) on the upgrading process was evaluated. Finally, the Central Composite Design (CCD) method was applied for optimizing the process to increase mass and energy yield and improve the quality of the produced fuel. The mass yield of the produced fuel oil was in the range of 61 to 93 %. The results of the catalytic upgrading process illustrated that the content of sulfur and oxygen in the optimum state, compared to the crude tire oil, decreased by 86 % and 53 %, respectively; also, the HHV increased by 11 %.

Biosynthesis of sulfonated carbon catalyst from carbohydrate polymer derivatives for epoxidation of Croton macrostachyus seed oil

In the present study, biosynthesis of sulfonated carbon acid catalyst from brewery spent grain through carbonation process followed by sulphonation method used for production of epoxy oil from Croton macrostachyus seed oil in presence of acetic acid as oxygen carrier and hydrogen peroxide as oxygen donor in the epoxidation reaction. Thermogravimetric, X-ray diffractometer, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscope, and FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) were used to characterized the synthesized sulfonated carbon catalyst. The result confirmed the catalyst can be used effectively for epoxidation of Croton macrostachyus seed oil. The influence of four independent variables for epoxidation reaction on the selectivity of epoxy was analyzed by response surface methodology. The maximum relative selectivity of 99.84% was obtained at a 65 °C reaction temperature of, 2:1 ratio of hydrogen peroxide to double bond of oil, 4% of sulfonated carbon acid catalyst, and 5 h of epoxidation reaction time. 1HNMR spectra showed the presence of epoxide ring appeared in range of 2.75–2.98 ppm and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy spectra detected epoxy ring group at wave number of 828.5 and 1237–1251 cm−1 . Thus, epoxidized Croton macrostachyus seed oil is renewable material that can be replaces petrochemical resources.

Formulation of biocompatible microemulsions for encapsulation of anti-TB drug rifampicin: A physicochemical and spectroscopic study

Surfactant-based microemulsions have emerged as an advanced material for universal drug carriers for poorly soluble drugs. These microemulsions (MEs) are based on ionic liquid as oil in presence of traditional surfactants which have been receiving ample attention from research communities all over the world. In this study, we have reported oil-in-water MEs containing a hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6) as oil phase, nonionic surfactants Brij35/Triton X100 and water. The microstructure of these BmimPF6-in-water (IL/w) MEs were identified by using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The breaks observed in the absorption spectra of both probe (p-nitroanaline) and drug (rifampicin) versus wt% of IL can be used to confirm the formation of MEs. Similar behavior has been observed in the emission spectra of fluorescence probe (pyrene) and drug in presence of varied wt% of IL which supported the results of the absorption spectroscopy. The results from dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements showed that the MEs had a nearly monodisperse droplet size distribution (PDI < 0.4) which indicates the homogeneity in distribution of the ME formulations. The incorporation of rifampicin-drug in the MEs shows notable changes which suggests the accumulation of drug in the palisade layers of the MEs. Further, the surface free energy properties of the MEs are explored from surface tension (γ) measurements. The changes in γ in these different MEs may be due to the changes in microstructures of the ME systems which can be helpful to recognize the transitions occurring in the ME structures. This study offers a better understanding of MEs features and paves path towards the potential applications of MEs in pharmaceutical industry.

Comparative analysis of renewable diesel and biodiesel produced from Jatropha oil

AbstractThe quest of moving from conventional diesel fuels to alternate fuels is never‐ending. Renewable diesel stands out as it has a similar molecular structure to that of diesel. Renewable diesel from hydroprocessing of Jatropha oil in presence of ruthenium catalyst is not much researched and the same has been worked upon in this paper. The objective of this paper is to analyze physiochemical properties of renewable diesel (R100), biodiesel (B100), and blends of diesel (D100) and renewable diesel and to check the operational feasibility. Renewable diesel was mixed in 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, by volume in diesel. It was observed that renewable diesel had better cold flow properties than diesel. Calorific value (CV) of renewable diesel and biodiesel was 1.84% and 3.92% less than diesel respectively. Present study shows up to 30% renewable diesel in diesel is a substitute fuel, as their viscosities (2.55, 2.60, 2.64cSt), densities (834.4 kg/m3, 831.87 kg/m3, 830.6 kg/m3) and CVs (42.42 MJ/kg, 42.30 MJ/kg, 42.09 MJ/kg) are close to diesel (2.42cSt, 837 kg/m3 and 42.57 MJ/kg). This is also confirmed by a storage stability test conducted for 24 weeks. Cetane number of blends of R100 greater than 30% are found to be high; this can interfere with engine power output hence requiring amendments in current engines, which is not possible, therefore it is feasible to use blends only up to 30% of R100. GC–MS and Fourier transform infrared radiation showed a higher number of hydrocarbon atoms with diminutive oxygen percentage in R100, vis‐a‐vis, higher levels of unsaturation with more oxygen in B100.

Ultra-fast self-repairing of anti-corrosive coating based on synergistic effect between cobalt octoate and linseed oil

A new microcapsule was prepared by a facile emulsions process for improving the self-repairing speed of anti-corrosive polymer coating. The microcapsule is based on the cobalt octoate/linseed oil and GO nanosheets, which acts as core and shell. The new microcapsule in polyurethane coating provided the ultra-fast self-repairing speed (ca.5.0 min). The result was attributed to synergistic catalytic curing reaction of linseed oil in presence of cobalt octoate and O2. Furthermore, it also improved their anti-corrosion properties due to the good barrier of the GO nanosheets. The work confirms the formation of anti-corrosive polymer coating with ultra-fast self-repairing performance for various applications.

Molecular dynamics study on the use of Deep Eutectic Solvents for Enhanced Oil Recovery

The suitability of using Deep Eutectic Solvents for chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery operations is analyzed from the nanoscopic viewpoint using classical molecular dynamics simulations. Four different eutectics were considered based on Choline Chloride, as hydrogen bond acceptor, plus urea, glycerol, ethylene glycol or levulinic acid, as hydrogen bond donors. Two main effects were studied to study their suitability: i) eutectic solutions – oil interfacial tension and ii) wettability of oil droplets on calcite surfaces in presence of eutectic solutions to study the possible evolution from oil wet to water wet behavior. Different eutectic concentrations in water halide solutions, as a model of brine in reservoirs, are studied. The main physical properties such as interfacial tension or contact angle are analyzed as well as the behavior of the oil in presence of the eutectic solutions in terms of intermolecular forces, energy of interactions, molecular arrangements and adsorption at the corresponding interfaces. The reported results allow to infer the nanoscopic effects on the basis of the use of eutectics for enhanced oil recovery operations, thus providing the information which may contribute to the development of environmentally friendly operations using these low-cost green solvents.

Effect of decalin as hydrogen-donor for in-situ upgrading of heavy crude oil in presence of nickel-based catalyst

The effect of decalin as hydrogen-donor on the catalytic and non-catalytic hydrothermal upgrading of heavy crude oil was studied. The donating (dehydrogenation) capacity and conversion of decalin in presence of nickel-based catalyst (nickel (II) stearate) were evaluated. In addition, the changes in composition of dehydrogenated products, release and consumption of hydrogen during decalin dehydrogenation in presence and absence of Ni-stearate and heavy crude oil were studied. All of the upgrading and dehydrogenation experiments were carried out at 300 °C, 72 bar (1044.27 psi) and 24 h of reaction time. The upgrading of heavy crude oil in presence of decalin and Ni-stearate exhibited a good performance for conversion of decalin as well as for promoting the in-situ upgrading of heavy crude oil. The maximum decalin conversion level was found to be 21.95% in the presence heavy crude oil, water and nickel stearate. Ni-stearate was mainly in-situ transformed into particles of NiO and Ni3S2, which took the role of active phases for catalyzing the dehydrogenation of decalin and promoting heavy crude oil upgrading. The use of decalin as a hydrogen-donor together with catalyst resulted in high viscosity reduction (69.2%), increase of saturates content (especially low molecule weight alkanes C10-C20), decrease of resins and asphaltenes content, and removal of sulfur and nitrogen.

MgO doped magnetic graphene derivative as a competent heterogeneous catalyst producing biofuels via transesterification: Process optimization through Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

In the last few decades, production of alternative fuels has been a global concern among the environmental scientists in view of scarcity of fossil fuels and increasing global warming. Biodiesels are being synthesized as green fuel by transesterification of different oils and fats over diverse synthetically developed novel heterogeneous catalysts. In this present work,a magnetically reusable hybrid nanocatalyst of basic nature has been designed for the production of biodiesels by transesterification of waste corn oil and rapeseed oil in presence of methanol. During the synthesis of catalyst, magnetic CuFe2O4 nanoparticles were amalgamated with graphene oxide (GO) by using pistachio leaf extract and subsequently MgO nanoparticles were impregnated over it. The catalyst was physicochemically characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, elemental mapping, XRD, VSM and TGA studies. The reaction parameters like reaction time, the methanol/oil molar ratio and the catalyst loading were optimized through Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken experimental design. In addition, the catalysts was magnetically retrieved quite easily and reused five times in succession without considerable loss in its reactivity in the transesterification reaction.

Optimized conversion of waste cooking oil into ecofriendly bio-based polymeric surfactant- A solution for enhanced oil recovery and green fuel compatibility

Waste cooking oil (WCO) is generally considered a global waste but with prospective for secondary use such as fuels or chemicals. In the present work, functionalizing of WCO to polymeric surfactants through a cleaner approach with high emulsification ability for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) of fossil crude and enhanced biocrudes solubility in petroleum crudes is proposed. The influence of synthesis conditions (temperature, time and concentration of reactants) on intermediates and the resulting polymeric surfactants was investigated. Products were characterized by UV–Vis, 1H NMR, FT-IR, and DLS technique, and particle stability and Zeta potential were evaluated. The results showed the high stability of the fossil crude-surfactant-brine emulsion. The affinity of the polymeric surfactant for EOR under Danish reservoir was also investigated. It was observed that the IFT of brine-surfactant emulsion (31.35 dyn/cm) was reduced to almost half compared to neat saline water (68.82 dyn/cm), and that the viscosity of fossil crude oil in presence of polymeric surfactant was significantly decreased. Finally, the polymeric surfactant was employed to assess compatibility of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and pyrolysis biocrudes with fossil refinery streams with an aim to promote their integration into existing refinery. Consequently, the correlation between compatibility and molecular structure was drawn based on the experimental investigation on miscibility studies. The results obtained during the phase behaviour and IFT studies showed the high emulsification ability of functionalized polymeric surfactant for the enhanced crude oil recovery at reservoir conditions. In conclusion, the study introduces the concept of reusing WCO as an ecofriendly polymeric surfactant for EOR and green fuel compatibility enhancer.

Evaluation of emulsified silicone oil with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography.

To report emulsified particles and related complications after removal of silicone oil (SO) by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and fluorescein angiography (FA). A prospective, single-center investigation was performed using SD-OCT, FA and flare cell photometry measurements to evaluate in a cohort of eyes with emulsified silicone particles after removal of long-term SO tamponade. Nineteen eyes of the 19 patients with emulsified silicone particles detected in ophthalmoscopic exam were included in the study: 13 (68%) were male, and 6 (31.6%) were female, and their mean age was 52.75 ± 16.06years. Preoperative diagnoses were rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in all eyes. The mean duration of the silicone oil's presence in the eye was found as 12.63 ± 4.87 (7-26) months. SD-OCT examination postoperatively showed small, round and hyper-reflective structures compatible with emulsified silicone particles on preretinal surface in 7 (36.8%) eyes, intraretinally in 6 (31.6%) eyes and in the vitreous in 12 (63%) eyes. FA imaging demonstrated pearl-like hyper-fluorescence at early and late phases on the large blood vessels in 9 (47.4%) eyes. Late phase hyper-fluorescence due to leakage on the macula was observed in 17 (89.5%) eyes. Diffuse peripheral leakage and hyper-fluorescence was detected in 11 (57.9%) eyes. Flare levels were higher in eyes with emulsified SO compared to unaffected fellow eyes (p < 0.05). Emulsified silicone particles that remain in the eye may lead to retinal complications and inflammation in addition to their known complications such as keratopathy and glaucoma. The particles that lead to inflammation and presence of inflammation may be examined by imaging methods such as SD-OCT and FA. Removing the SO before emulsification would be suitable for avoiding such complications.

NOVEL STRAINS OF MICROORGANISMS DEGRADING PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS

Novel strains of hydrocarbons degrading microorganisms were isolated from oil contaminated soil and bottom sediments and identified. Isolates oxidize components of crude oil in presence of oxygen and can be used as a part of commercial biological products for oil destruction.

BIOFUEL VIA INTERESTERIFICATION OF RAPESEED OIL WITH METHYL ACETATE IN PRESENCE OF POTASSIUM t-BUTOXIDE/THF

Transesterification does not allow to make full conversion of oil to biodiesel because the by-product glycerol cannot be included in the composition of biofuel. Interesterification constitutes a full conversion process with production of triacetin (TA) instead of glycerol, which can be included in the composition of biofuel and allows to increase its yield. Both interesterification and transesterification effectively occur only in presence of catalysts. Results of the investigation of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts indicate the superior importance of catalyst solubility in starting reaction mixture. Partial solubility can remarkably lower the activity of homogeneous catalyst and extremely increase that of formally heterogeneous one. The reaction mixture of interesterification reaction is less polar than that of transesterification, and potassium tert-butoxide (t-BuOK) should be more appropriate catalyst for interesterification than sodium methoxide which is used in most cases. The catalytic system t-BuOK/t-BuOH substantially increases the yield of TA and changes the properties of obtained biofuel. Whereas the content of the TA in the interesterification reaction mixture does not achieve the same level from the theoretically predicted as the FAME, the occurrence of side reaction between t-BuOH and TA cannot be excluded. This paper presents a study of the interesterification of rapeseed oil in presence of catalytic system t-BuOK/THF (catalytic system without alcohols) with the aim of establishing the influence of aprotic tetrahydrofuran to the proceeding the reaction, composition of reaction mixtures and their fuel properties. Obtained results show that the absence of alcoholic hydroxyl groups in the catalytic system insufficiently increases the activity of catalytic system but fails to increase the yield of FAME.

Decontamination of soil containing oil by natural attenuation, phytoremediation and chemical desorption

An experiment was performed for 240 days to evaluate the oil removal through natural attenuation (NA) and phytoremediation (PH) combined with surfactant (SF), in soil up to 76,585 mg kg−1 of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). A completely randomized design was applied using a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement, with four concentrations of oil and six recovery technologies. The technologies were combinations of Leersia hexandra (Lh) grass, NA (native microorganisms), and doses of Tween® 80. The results recorded treatment means with statistical differences (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05 and 0.01). Oil in presence of 5% SF stimulated the formation of grass roots. The SF promoted a significant increase in the biomass of grass stems and leaves but did not contribute to oil removal or microbial density. Unexpectedly, the PH inhibited the removal of oil and induced a decrease in fungi, hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria, and heterotrophic fungi. NA combined with 2.5% SF removed 95% of 48,748 mg of TPH. The best technology for soil decontamination was bioremediation through hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria stimulated with 2.5% SF.

Ultrasound–assisted biodiesel production using heterogeneous base catalyst and mixed non–edible oils

In the present study, the ultrasound–assisted biodiesel production from mixed feedstock of non–edible oils in presence of KI impregnated ZnO as a catalyst in batch reactor was investigated. The production was optimized by using two approaches (1) feedstock optimization and (2) process parameters optimization. Various non–edible oils at optimum volumetric ratio were blended and used as feedstock for transesterification reaction. Biodiesel yield was optimized by Box–Behnken statistical design. The maximum triglyceride conversion of 92.35 ± 1.08% was achieved at optimized conditions of catalyst loading = 7% (w/w); alcohol/oil molar ratio = 11.68:1 and reaction temperature = 59 °C. Transesterification process with mechanical agitation was used as base case for identification of role of sonication in the process. The transesterification process was analysed for kinetic behaviour using pseudo first order kinetics and Eley–Rideal mechanism based model. Overall activation energy of transesterification process for mechanically agitated and ultrasound–assisted systems was calculated as 135.4 and 123.65 kJ/mol, respectively. However, the sum of activation energies of three reaction steps of Eley–Rideal mechanism (64.69 kJ/mol and 46.63 kJ/mol, for mechanically agitated and ultrasound–assisted system, respectively) was much lower. This discrepancy is attributed to mass transfer limitations in the system, even in presence of sonication.

Voltammetric fingerprinting of oils and its combination with chemometrics for the detection of extra virgin olive oil adulteration

In the present work, two approaches for the voltammetric fingerprinting of oils and their combination with chemometrics were investigated in order to detect the adulteration of extra virgin olive oil with olive pomace oil as well as the most common seed oils, namely sunflower, soybean and corn oil. In particular, cyclic voltammograms of diluted extra virgin olive oils, regular (pure) olive oils (blends of refined olive oils with virgin olive oils), olive pomace oils and seed oils in presence of dichloromethane and 0.1 M of LiClO4 in EtOH as electrolyte were recorded at a glassy carbon working electrode. Cyclic voltammetry was also employed in methanolic extracts of olive and seed oils. Datapoints of cyclic voltammograms were exported and submitted to Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Square- Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). In diluted oils, PLS-DA provided a clear discrimination between olive oils (extra virgin and regular) and olive pomace/seed oils, while SIMCA showed a clear discrimination of extra virgin olive oil in regard to all other samples. Using methanolic extracts and considering datapoints recorded between 0.6 and 1.3 V, PLS-DA provided more information, resulting in three clusters-extra virgin olive oils, regular olive oils and seed/olive pomace oils-while SIMCA showed inferior performance. For the quantification of extra virgin olive oil adulteration with olive pomace oil or seed oils, a model based on Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis was developed. Detection limit of adulteration in olive oil was found to be 2% (v/v) and the linearity range up to 33% (v/v). Validation and applicability of all models was proved using a suitable test set. In the case of PLS, synthetic oil mixtures with 4 known adulteration levels in the range of 4–26% were also employed as a blind test set.

Fast Pyrolysis of Rapeseed Oil in Presence of CuO Supported SBA-15 Catalysts

In this study SBA-15 based catalysts loaded with copper oxide were synthesized, characterised and investigated in fast catalytic pyrolysis of rapeseed oil using catalyst mixing method. Results of catalyst characterisation showed that all synthesised samples are mesoporous silica with uniform hexagonal shape cylindrical pores with space group P6mm and average pore size of 6 nm. Supported CuO did not influence the uniform hexagonal shape; however surface area and pore diameter decreased with increasing CuO loading. Investigation of fast pyrolysis of rapeseed oil shows that supporting with CuO suppresses the deoxygenation in form of H2O, CO and CO2 =regardless of the amount of CuO. At the same time supported CuO increased the content of oxygenates in the pyrolysis products = linearly to the CuO amount till 6-8% m/m of CuO. Further scale up the CuO content lowered the yield of oxygenates.