Administration Of Oil Research Articles

Nephroprotective effect of milkfish, patin, and snakehead fish oil by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has been linked to a number of long-term problems caused by diabetes mellitus. Inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways contribute to DN development and progression. Many studies have shown the preventive advantages of diets rich in substances like anti-inflammatory and antioxidant elements like omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) in preventing DN. Milkfish (Chanos chanos F.), patin (Pangasius micronema Blkr.), and snakehead fish (Chana striata Bloch) are types of fish oils that are known to contain n-3 FA. This study aims to prove the nephroprotective effect of the three types of fish oil in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. Thirty male rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into six groups (n = 5): the non-diabetic group, the diabetes mellitus group, the diabetic with 150 mg/kg metformin orally group, the diabetic with 1000 mg/kg milkfish oil orally group, the diabetic with 1000 mg/kg patin fish oil orally group, and the diabetic with 1000 mg/kg snakehead fish oil orally group. Diabetes models were induced using 65 mg/kg streptozotocin and 230 mg/kg nicotinamide intraperitoneally. The test was carried out for 8 weeks, followed by the observation of the biochemical profiles of blood, urine, oxidative stress, and the immunohistochemistry of the kidneys. A normally and homogeneously distributed test followed by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the LSD post hoc test were used to look at the data. At p≤0.05, the data was considered statistically significant. The results showed that serum creatinine levels did not differ significantly after the administration of milkfish, catfish, and snakehead fish oil for 8 weeks (p≥0.05). Different results were shown where the levels of serum BUN, uric acid, urine urea, and microalbumin urine were significantly different after administration of the three types of fish oil (p≤0.05). The same results were shown in oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde) and inflammation (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) profiles (p≤0.05). The conclusion is that milkfish, patin, and snakehead fish oils have moderate nephroprotection by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Chemical characterization, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of Lippia lacunosa, a species used by the Bandeirantes

Ethnopharmacological relevanceLippia lacunosa Mart. & Schauer is an endemic plant from the Serra do Espinhaço mountain range located on the Atlantic plateau, Brazil. It is known as “chá de pedestre” and “rosmaninho” in folk medicine. This species has a characteristic mango aroma and is widely used by the population for flu, colds, sinus infections, coughing, relaxing baths, and foot baths after long walks. It is often confused with and, therefore, used interchangeably with L. rotundifolia and L. pseudothea. Aim of the studyThis study aimed to increase scientific knowledge on the ethnopharmacological use of Lippia lacunosa through the evaluation of the micromolecular composition and anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the hexane and ethanolic extracts, essential oil, and fractions in mice. Materials and methodsThe chemical profile of L. lacunosa extracts and fractions were obtained by chromatographic methods such as Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC), Gas Chromatography (GC), Column Chromatography (CC), and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Carrageenan-induced paw edema was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity in mice. Mechanical allodynia induced by carrageenan and hot plate tests were employed to evaluate the antinociceptive activity. ResultsThe main constituents found in the essential oil were the monoterpenes myrcene (13.81%), linalool (6.84%), ipsenone (21.2%), and myrcenone (25.44%); and sesquiterpenes elemol (7.30%) and spathulenol (3.15%). The chromatograph fractionation of essential oil yielded a fraction rich in the main compounds (F33), ipsenone and mircenone. In experimental models of paw edema and mechanical allodynia induced by carrageenan (600 μg, 30 μL, i.pl.), the administration of hexane extract, essential oil (50 or 100 mg/kg, p.o.) or majority fraction (10 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced paw edema. The ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg) reduced mechanical allodynia only in the 2 nd h of evaluation. On the other hand, the hexane extract (50 or 100 mg/kg) and essential oil (100 mg/kg), as well as the majority fraction (10 mg/kg), reduced mechanical allodynia throughout the evaluation period. The hexane extract, essential oil, and majority fraction F33 also reduced the heat-induced nociceptive response. Also, majority fraction F33 did not affect the time mice spent in the rota-rod apparatus. ConclusionsThe elucidation of the composition of the essential oil and the demonstration of the activity of L. lacunosa in experimental models of acute inflammation and also in models of nociceptive and inflammatory pain can help to increase knowledge on the ancient ethnopharmacological use by the Bandeirantes, aiming at the evaluation of the species as a candidate for herbal medicine or phytopharmaceutical in the treatment of patients with inflammatory and painful conditions.

Effect of Different Anaesthetics on Hematology and Blood Biochemistry of Labeo rohita

The current study aims to determine the effect of four different anesthetics such as MS-222 (100 mg/L), tobacco extract (50 mg/L), propiscin (1.0 ml/L) and clove oil (40 mg/L) on the hematology and blood biochemical parameters of Labeo rohita. Blood was sampled 10 minutes after the anesthesia was administered and again after 24 hours. Except for the clove oil 24h measurements, there was a significant difference in the number of blood cells in all anesthetic applications (P<0.05). Hemoglobin and hematocrit values were not altered after 24 hours of treatment with clove oil and propiscin. MCV, MCH and MCHC values were not significantly affected in any application except clove oil 24h. Biochemical parameters, including total protein and glucose level, significantly changed (P<0.05) in propiscin and clove oil group. Enzymatic activities such as ALT changed significantly with MS-222, and AST values were nonsignificant (P>0.05) with tobacco, Change has been detected in ALP with MS-222 and tobacco calcium and magnesium showed non-significant differences with anesthetics. Overall all the parameters were affected by anesthetics used in the current research, however, it was established that 24 hours following the administration of clove oil, the discrepancies in blood values had vanished to a great extent.

The Effect of In Ovo Administration of Rosemary Essential Oil on Hatchability, Relative Hatching Weight, and Embryo Mortality Rate in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

This study aimed to determine the effects of air sac injection of rosemary essential oil at different concentrations in ovo in quail eggs on hatching rate, relative chick weight at hatching, and embryonic mortality rate. A total of 1060 Japanese quail eggs were divided into four groups: negative control (non-injected), positive control (30 µL sterile distilled water/egg), and two treated groups with 1 and 3 µL oil/egg, respectively. The concentration of 3 µL/egg showed a toxic effect on embryonic development, as revealed by the significantly (p = 0.015) higher post-injection mortality rate (18.21%) compared to 1 µL/egg with 8.3%. Furthermore, hatchability was significantly increased (p = 0.0001) with 1 µL/egg compared to 3 µL/egg with 69.1% and 44.48%, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the concentration of 1 µL/egg and the control groups (p = 0.822). Both l and 3 µL essential oil/egg significantly enhanced (p = 0.0001) relative chick weight at hatching by 67.14% and 70.32%, respectively, compared to the control groups. In conclusion, injecting eggs with 1 µL oil/egg showed positive effects both on hatching and relative chick weight. The concentration of 3 µL/egg was revealed to be toxic, with dramatic effects on embryonic survival.

Multiple Bone Metastatic Invasion with Clinical Implications due to Ductal Mammary Carcinoma – Case report and Short Literature Review

Multidisciplinary approach of clinical cases in rehabilitations units can be very complex and divers. Method: We present a case of a woman 30 years old, whose oncological histo-ry begins 9 years ago, when the diagnosis of invasive ductal mammary infiltrating ca-nelular carcinoma grade I was made and treated by tumorectomy (lumpectomy). The pa-tient refused oncological treatment at that time and resorted to alternative medicine dur-ing a period of 7 years: diet without sugar and animal products; regular vitamin B17 treatments; almond kernel cure; high-dose intravenous vitamin C treatment for; intrave-nous ozone therapy; apitherapy with bee venom; oral administration of cannabis oil dur-ing the past four years until now; physical therapy. Results: The evolution is marked by the appearance of multiple bone metastatic lesions. The most worst clinical consequence was a hyperalgesic cervicobrachial neuralgia, due to multiple C6-T3 lytic lesions diag-nosed 2 years ago and C7 compression (close to spinal cord injury), situation which had as medical approach two surgeries interventions, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Con-clusions: The rehabilitation program was adapted to every stage of clinical evolution and was marked by many complications. All the steps were made for functional improvement and for increase the quality of life.

Use of Olive Oil as an Effort to Prevent Damage to Skin Integrity: A Case Study

Background: Diabetes mellitus, also known as diabetes, is a collection of symptoms in a person due to increased blood sugar (glucose) levels, so that the pancreas works harder to produce insulin to balance sugar levels in the blood. The 2018 Riskesdas stated that the prevalence of DM in Indonesia had increased from 6.9% in 2013 to 8.5% in 2018. One of the herbal treatments in the study was olive oil. Olive oil is one of the natural ingredients recommended to help the healing process of diabetic wounds. The benefits of olive oil are able to treat diabetic wounds. Purpose: This case study is to find out whether olive oil can help heal damaged skin integrity in elderly people with diabetes. The research design used is a descriptive case study. The research subject is Mrs. A who is an elderly 54 years old. Results: The results of a case study conducted for 7 days of olive oil administration showed that there was a change in reaction to damage to the integrity of the skin of elderly people with diabetes mellitus after being given olive oil. Conclusion: there is an effect of olive oil on damage to the integrity of the skin of the elderly. By applying olive oil to dry skin areas. Suggestion: Olive oil is a non-pharmacological natural therapy method that can moisturize the skin in patients with diabetes mellitus. Giving olive oil can also be developed in the treatment room to help treat wounds in the elderly with diabetes mellitus.

Rosmarinus officinalis and Mentha piperita Oils Supplementation Enhances Memory in a Rat Model of Scopolamine-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-like Condition.

Alzheimer's disease is regarded as a common neurodegenerative disease that may lead to dementia and the loss of memory. We report here the nootropic and anti-amnesic effects of both peppermint and rosemary oils using a rat model of scopolamine-induced amnesia-like AD. Rats were administered orally with two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg) of each single oil and combined oils. The positive group used donepezil (1 mg/kg). In the therapeutic phase, rats were administered scopolamine (1 mg/kg) through the oral administration of oils. During the nootropic phase, both oils showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in radial arm maze latency times, working memory, and reference memory errors compared with the normal group, along with significant (p < 0.05) enhancements of long-term memory during the passive avoidance test. Therapeutic phase results revealed significant enhancements of memory processing compared with the positive groups. In the hippocampus, oils exhibited an elevation of BDNF levels in a dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemistry findings showed increased hippocampal neurogenesis suppressed by scopolamine in the sub-granular zone, and the anti-amnesic activity of single oil was enhanced when the two oils combined. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) of the two oils revealed sufficient compounds (1,8-Cineole, α-Pinene, menthol and menthone) with potential efficacy in the memory process and cognitive defects. Our work suggests that both oils could enhance the performance of working and spatial memory, and when combined, more anti-amnesic activity was produced. A potential enhancement of hippocampal growth and neural plasticity was apparent with possible therapeutic activity to boost memory in AD patients.

Protective effect of almond oil and primrose oil on neurochemical and lipid profile in ovariectomized rats

Introduction: Ovariectomies rats were used to assess the preventive effects of almond and primrose oils on their lipid and neurochemical profiles. Methods: The experimental groups were as follows: Group 1: A negative control group. Group 2: Rats given an oral dose of almond oil (800 mg/kg/d) for 30 days. Group 3: Rats given an oral dose of primrose oil (500 mg/kg/d) for 30 days. Group 4: Untreated ovariectomized rats. Group 5: Ovariectomized rats given an oral dose of almond oil (800 mg/kg/d) for 30 days. Group 6: Ovariectomized rats given an oral dose (500 mg/kg/d) of primrose oil daily for 30 days. Results: Oral administration of almond and primrose oils significantly decreased mean (P &lt; 0.05) serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) concentrations and raised high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the ovariectomized groups compared to group 4 (P &lt; 0.05). They also increased leptin and estradiol (E2) concentrations in groups 5 and 6. Administration of oils showed a marked increase in noradrenalin, dopamine, and 5-hydroxytyramin levels and a marked decrease in PGE2 and COX-2 levels (P &lt; 0.05). Rats given almond and primrose oils revealed minor capillary congestion in the hippocampus in brain sections. Conclusion: Administration of almond or primrose oils may improve central nervous system functions and decrease the risk of cardiovascular illnesses. They also might be effective against atherosclerosis, inflammation, endocrine disorders, and cognitive impairments for women who undergo surgical menopause prior to their natural menopause.

Caraway Oil as a Multimodal Therapy for Neuropathic Pain: Investigating the Mechanisms of Action in Rats with Chronic Constriction Injury

Neuropathic pain, a prevalent concern associated with various pathological conditions, poses a significant public health risk due to its poorly understood pathophysiology and treatment complexities. Multimodal therapy is often the most efficacious approach to managing neuropathic pain, yet it is also highly labour intensive. The exact underlying causes of neuropathic pain are unclear; evidence suggests that cytokines, neuropeptides, and neurotrophic factors may play a role in its pathogenesis. The current study aimed to investigate the anti-neuropathic pain activity of caraway oil and the molecular mechanisms underlying its actions in rats with CCI, a model of neuropathic pain. Behavioural evaluations of cold allodynia, heat hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, and mechanical hyperalgesia were conducted using the acetone spray test, hot plate test, Von Frey hair test, and pinprick test, respectively. Additionally, the level of TNF-α in the sciatic nerve was examined as an indicator of inflammation, and NGF and substance P levels were determined in the DRG to identify mechanistic processes. Rats were administered caraway oil orally at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg for 21 days. Results indicated that caraway oil administration significantly reduced behaviour associated with injury-related pain and elevated TNF levels. After an anti-NGF injection on the 21st day, significant attenuated behavioural effects were observed. Furthermore, caraway oil administration was able to inhibit the upregulation of NGF in DRG caused by CCI and minimize the increase in substance P in DRG. These findings suggest that caraway oil has promising therapeutic potential for managing neuropathic pain by targeting peripheral and secondary sensitization mechanisms.

Therapeutic Potential of Clove Essential Oil in Diabetes: Modulation of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Enzyme Activities.

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin deficiency due to the destruction of pancreatic β cells, leading to hyperglycemia, which in turn induces vascular complications. In the current study, we investigated the effect of intraperitoneal administration of clove essential oil (CEO: 20 mg/kg body weight) on certain oxidative stress and glucose metabolism enzymes, as well as the expression of proinflammatory mediators. Administration of CEO to diabetic rats showed a significant decline in blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, and xanthine oxidase, compared to the streptozotocin group. Furthermore, these treated rats elicited a notable attenuation in the levels of lipid peroxides, and thiols groups in both liver and brain tissues. The activities of antioxidant and metabolic enzymes were reverted to normality in diabetic upon CEO administration. In addition to its protective effects on red blood cell hemolysis, CEO is a potent α-amylase inhibitor with an IC50 =298.0±2.75 μg/mL. Also, treatment of diabetic rats with CEO significantly reduced the iNOS expression in the spleen. Our data showed that CEO has potential beneficial effects on diabetes, which can possibly prevent the pathogenesis of diabetic micro- and macrovascular complications.

Differences in bioavailability and cognitive-enhancing activity exerted by different crystal polymorphs of latrepirdine (Dimebon®).

Introduction: Pharmacokinetic characteristics as well as cognitive-enhancing nootropic activity of latrepirdine (Dimebon®) in relationship with its polymorphic forms have been studied in SD and Wistar rats. Methods: The pharmacokinetics of six polymorphs (A, B, C, D, E, F) of latrepirdine were studied in male SD rats after 7days of oral administration in corn oil at a dose of 10mg/kg once a day. Blood and brain samples were taken on the 7th day of administration at 15min, 30min, 60min and 120min after administration and analyzed for latrepirdine content by LC-MS. The cognitive-enhancing nootropic effect was studied in male and female Wistar rats after 9days of oral administration in corn oil at a dose of 10mg/kg, after prior administration of scopolamine, an agent that causes memory impairment similar to that in Alzheimer's disease. The animals' cognitive function was studied in the passive avoidance test. Results: When studying the pharmacokinetics, the highest bioavailability both in the blood and in the brain was demonstrated by polymorph E, whose AUC was the highest relative to other polymorphs. In the study of the cognitive-enhancing nootropic effect, polymorph E also showed the highest activity, whose values of the latent period of entering the dark chamber did not differ from control animals, and differed from other polymorphs. Conclusion: Thus, the crystal structure has been shown to play a key role in the bioavailability and efficacy of latrepirdine, and polymorph E has also been shown to be a promising drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases associated with memory impairment, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Effects of Various Lipid Sources and L-Carnitine Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Antioxidants Enzyme Ability of Dog Conch Larvae, Laevistrombus canarium

A feeding experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary lipid sources and L-carnitine on the growth performance, body component, muscle fatty acid composition, and antioxidant enzyme ability of average weight of 0.28 g dog conch larvae, Laevistrombus canarium. Three sources of lipid: fish oil, soybean oil, and beef tallow were tested in combination with two levels (0 and 0.5%) of L-carnitine. The dog conch larvae fed diets containing fish oil with L-carnitine supplementation exhibited the highest weight gain. After air exposure challenge, the liver tissue of dog conch fed the diets containing soybean oil and beef tallow without supplemented L-carnitine had lower levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD, U min−1), phenoloxidase (PO, U min−1), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx, mU/mL) activity. The activity of SOD, PO, and GPx of dog conch larvae increased with increasing levels of dietary L-carnitine. In particular, dog conch larvae fed the diet containing fish oil supplemented with L-carnitine exhibited significantly ( P &lt; 0.05 ) enhanced antioxidant responses. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the muscle tissue of dog conch larvae fed the diet containing fish oil without L-carnitine supplementation showed significantly ( P &lt; 0.05 ) higher activity. It was concluded that dietary administration of L-carnitine can enhance resistance against beta-oxidation, and the administration of fish oil in the diet was the best strategy to promote growth due to high nutritional availability.

First Insights on the Administration of Insect Oil (Black Soldier Fly Larvae) in the Diet of Juvenile Onychostoma macrolepis.

The use of insect products in aquatic feed is the focus of the aquaculture industry. Black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFLO) has been examined as a potential lipid source for diets for some fish species, but its utilization on Onychostoma macrolepis has not been explored. The influences of substituting fish oil (FO) with BSFLO in the diet on growth, biological indicators, approximate composition, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity and expression of lipid metabolism genes in juvenile O. macrolepis were investigated in an eight-week feeding experiment. Four experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0 (control), 25% (BSFLO-25), 50% (BSFLO-50) and 100% (BSFLO-100) FO with BSFLO, and then randomly assigned to twelve aquariums with ten fish (1.75 ± 0.05 g) in each aquarium. The findings showed that the growth indicators, body composition and serum biochemistry in the BSFLO-25 and BSFLO-50 groups had no statistical differences from those of the control group. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (91.22-94.96 U/mgprot) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) (1.12-1.16 nmol/mgprot) in the liver appeared to be significantly the highest and the lowest in the BSFLO-25, BSFLO-50 and BSFLO-100 groups (p < 0.05). The adipocyte size and intraperitoneal fat index value of fish fed on the BSFLO-100 diet were significantly decreased compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The expression levels of lipid catabolism genes pparα, (peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha) and cpt1a (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 isoform a) in the BSFLO-100 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The above results indicated that it was feasible to replace 25-50% dietary FO with BSFLO in juvenile O. macrolepis. Dietary BSFLO supplementation could enhance the antioxidant capacity of the liver and suppress intraperitoneal fat accumulation in O. macrolepis. The use of other insect oils in the diets of this species will be evaluated in future research.

The preventive effect of Zingiber officinale essential oil on demyelination of corpus callosum in a cuprizone rat model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent neurological disability among young adults. Anti-inflammatory drugs have shown to be effective in MS. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of Zingiber officinale (ginger) have been shown and proven in many phytotherapy studies. This study aimed to evaluate effects of ginger essential oil on preventing myelin degradation in a rat model of MS. In this study, we divided 49 rats into 7 groups; 4 control and 3 experimental groups that received 3 different dose of ginger essential oil (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg/day) for treatment of cuprizone-induced demyelinated rats. Basket test and transmission electron microscopy were performed in this study. Olig2 and Mbp genes and proteins were respectively evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histologically, cuprizone created demyelination in the corpus callosum fibers. Remyelination of fibers was seen in the group treated with the medium dose of ginger essence, by toluidine blue staining. transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed increased thickness of the myelin of fibers in all 3 treated groups (p<0.05). Feeding by the medium dose of ginger essence significantly increased the levels of Mbp and Olig2 genes (p<0.05). ELISA test showed that 100 mg/kg/day of ginger caused a significant difference between experimental and the cuprizone-induced groups (p<0.05). Our findings suggested that administration of ginger essential oil prevented demyelination and improved remyelination of rats` corpus callusom and can be used as an effective substance in the prevention of MS.

Protective Effect of Olive Oil and Nigella Seed Oil on some Physiological Parameters in Rabbits Administered D-galactosamine

This study was to evaluate some physiological parameters for the protective effect of olive oil and nigella seed oil in rabbits administered D-galactosamine (D-GaIN) (600 mg/kg) a single dose with concentrations of body weight of rabbits on some parameters of blood (84) of the male rabbits weighted (400-550g) and (10) weeks of age were randomly divided into six groups, six rabbits in each group, given all the animals normal food during the experimental period of 1,2 and 3 weeks, explained to the animals at the end of each period of experience and took blood samples to measure (Hb,RBC.s, WBC.s,WBC.d,N, WBC.d,L, WBC.d,M, WBC.d,E) was reached the following conclusions: D-GaIN injection caused gradually increase in Hemoglobin level (Hb) and WBC.s and reached the peak level in three weeks post treatment compared to control group. The joint administration of olive oil with D-GaIN to experimental animals improving of effect D-GaIN on oxidative stress with varying degree, there was gradually decreased in mean value of Hb and WBC.s at three-week compared to D-GaIN group. However, the elevation in the mean value of WBC.d.L, WBC.d.N and WBC.d.E in two weeks compared to control. The treatment with Nigella oil after injecting D-GaIN to experimental animals influencing on hematological parameters with varying degree, treatment with Nigella oil after injecting D-GaIN to experimental animals influencing on hematological parameters with varying degree, there was gradually increase in mean value of Hb and WBC.d.L in two weeks compared to control group. Similarly, the mean value of WBC.d.N, WBC.s (9.30±2.03×103 cell/cu.mm. blood) counts were recorded in one week compared to control and D-GaIN groups.

Topical Rice Bran Oil (Oryza sativa L.) Has The Same Effect With 2% Topical Minoxidil To Prevent Senile Alopecia Through Improved Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Protein Expression, Hair Follicle Diameter And Length In Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed To Ultraviolet B Light

Background: The hair aging process also known as senile alopecia occurs follicle miniaturization, shortening of the anagen phase and increasing proportion of hair in the telogen phase which results in hair loss and hair thinning. Rice bran oil contains ϒ-Oryzanol which has the effectiveness as the natural antioxidant to increase hair growth. Tochopherol, policosanol, γ-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid have been shown to have role in inhibiting 5α-reductase enzymes, increasing hair growth factors such as VEGF and reduce inflammation. Method: This study was an experimental analytic research post-test only control group design that was perform at Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. This study used 30 Wistar male rats (Rattus norvegicus) and divided into three groups: Negative control group with administration of paraffin oil (P), positive control group with administration of 2% minoxidil (M), and treatment group with administration of 100% rice bran oil (R) for 21 days. Results: there was a significant difference in VEGF levels between the M (153.49 ± 1.7 ng/L) and P (85.5 ± 1.88 ng/L) (p < 0.001), and R (152.25 ±0.94 ng/L) and P (p<0.001), but there was no difference between the M and R groups (p=0.088). There was a significant difference in hair follicle diameter between the M (10.7±4.87 µm) and P (5.73±2.18 µm) (p= 0.030) and R (9.72±319 µm) and P (p=0.013). However, there was no difference in hair follicle diameter between the M and R (p = 0.857). There was a significant difference in hair length between the M (12.02±2.09 mm) and P (7.53±1.12 mm) (p <0.001) and R (13.12±2.14 mm) and P (p < 0.001). However, there was no difference in hair length between the M and R (p = 0.495). Conclusion: Rice bran oil has the same effect with 2% topical minoxidil as a gold standard to prevent senile alopecia through improved VEGF protein expression, the follicle diameter and hair length of wistar rat that were induced to ultraviolet B. The results of this study are expected to be used as a reference for further research.

Gallic acid and sesame oil exert cardioprotection via mitochondrial protection and antioxidant properties on Ketamine-Induced cardiotoxicity model in rats

Ketamine is a cardiotoxic agent and can deplete ATP in cardiomyocytes through mitochondrial dysfunction. We investigated the effects of gallic acid and sesame oil in ketamine-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups including control; ketamine; ketamine + gallic acid; ketamine + sesame oil; gallic acid and sesame oil. Serum cardiac marker, cardiac tissue oxidative stress markers, histopathological analysis and mitochondrial toxicity parameters (succinate dehydrogenase activity, mitochondrial swelling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and collapse of mitochondria membrane potential) were measured on the fifteen days of the study. The results showed that ketamine administration increased serum cardiac markers, oxidative stress parameters, histopathological alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac tissue. Gallic acid and sesame oil administration in presence of ketamine was observed to decrease serum cardiac markers, oxidative stress parameters, histopathological alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac tissue. The results suggest that gallic acid and sesame oil exert cardioprotection via mitochondrial protection, antioxidant properties and ultimately improving mitochondrial function and cardiac function.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil alleviates testis failure induced by Etoposide in male rats

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a shrub used to treat hepatic, intestinal, renal, respiratory, and reproductive failures. Etoposide a plant-based compound derived from Podophyllum pelltatum, has been used for human malignancies treatment. However, it induces testis, and hepatic failures. In the present study, impact of rosemary essential oil against testis failure, lipid parameters, and hepatic enzymes in male rats has been studied. Forty male Wistar albino rats were grouped in a completely randomized design with Etoposide injection (ETO), rosemary supplementation (ROS), with Etoposide injection and rosemary supplement (ETO+ROS), and control rats with no Etoposide injection and no rosemary (CON). The experiment lasted for seven consecutive weeks including one week as acclimatization time. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and blood samples were analyzed for serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), total Protein (TP), glucose (GLU) and testosterone. The left testis was harvested for histological examination. Results showed that rats with Etoposide injection had higher ALT, AST, and ALP the control rats. No significant difference was found among treatments in terms of glucose concentration in blood. Rosemary supplemntaion decreased cholesterol and TG concentration and increased HDL concentration in male rats. Furthermore, administration of rosemary essential oil increased blood testosterone but decreased ALT and AST. The epithelial height of seminiferous tubules was decreased significantly in ET as compared with CON. Rosemary essential oil lessened the adverse effect of Etopside on epithelial height in rat testis as it is shown in ET+ROS. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of rosemary essential oil alleviated liver toxicity and functional testis damage induced by Etopside.

The Influence Of Giving Coconut Oil On The Event Diaper Rash In Babies

Naturally processed ingredients that can be considered as an alternative topical therapy that can be used for skin care in babies who experience diaper rash and as a prevention of diaper rash are CO.The purpose of this study was to find the Effect of Coconut Oil Administration on the Incidence of Diaper Rash in Babies in the Work Area of the New Jumpandang Health Center.The research was conducted from January to April 2022 at the Jumpandang Baru Health Center. This research is an experimental study with the design of Two Group Posttest Only Design which aims to find the influence between independent variables and dependent variables. The population in this study was all babies who visited and were at the Jumpandang Baru Health Center as many as 30 people using purposive sampling techniques.The results showed that out of 30 respondents as a sample, it was divided into two groups with 15 people in the intervention group given coconut oil and 15 people in the control group who were not given.The results showed that of the 15 respondents who were sampled in the intervention group, after being given coconut oil, 4 people (37.5%) had diaper rash and 15 people were not given to 13 people who had diaper rash. The results showed that there was an effect of coconut oil administration on the incidence of diaper rash in babies with a value of ρ = 0.001&lt;from α = 0.05.It is necessary for the Puskesmas to plan counseling programs, especially regarding the provision of coconut oil and to midwives to further increase their attention to providing information about the importance of giving coconut oil with diaper rash to babies.

Toxicological effects of repeated subcutaneous administration of corn oil for 4 weeks in rats

Toxicological effects of repeated subcutaneous administration of corn oil for 4 weeks in rats