Ohm's Law Research Articles

Toroidal current eigenmodes in the vacuum vessel of an elliptical cross-section tokamak

Abstract The currents induced in a tokamak resistive wall during fast transients play a significant role in plasma dynamics, which makes their modelling a mandatory part of the equilibrium problem. In numerical models with axisymmetric wall, the wall is usually divided into a vast number of filaments (sometimes it is several hundreds), in each of which the corresponding circuit equation is solved. It is clear that such treatment is not suitable for analytical calculations. At the same time, it was established [Portone, \textit{Nucl. Fusion} \textbf{45}, 926 (2005)] that only three periodic functions of the poloidal angle, or so-called vessel modes, are sufficient to accurately describe the ITER vessel response to the plasma vertical motion. In our paper, we address the problem of the eddy current eigenmodes derivation analytically, beginning from the Maxwell equations complemented with the Ohm's law for the resistive wall. The result is an explicit form of eddy current eigenmodes on a toroidal shell with elliptical cross-section, and their resistive decay times as functions of the wall elongation.

In vitro investigation of monoglycerides and zinc glycinate: anti-inflammatory and epithelial barrier function.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the in vitro immune-modulatory effects of monoglycerides and zinc glycinate with porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) and their impact on epithelial barrier integrity using the intestinal porcine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-J2). Cell viability was assessed using a Vybrant MTT assay to determine the appropriate dose range of monoglyceride blend (C4, C8, and C10) and zinc glycinate. In experiment 1, IPEC-J2 cells (5 × 105 cells/mL) were seeded and treated with each compound (monoglycerides: 0, 25, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL; zinc glycinate: 0, 2, 5, 12.5, 25, and 50 µg/mL). Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured by Ohm's law method at 0h (before treatment) and at 24, 48, and 72h posttreatment. In experiment 2, PAM were collected from 6 clinically healthy piglets (7wk of age) and seeded at 106 cells/mL. After incubation, the cells were treated with each compound and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The experimental design was a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement with 2 doses of LPS (0 or 1 μg/mL) and 6 doses of each compound (monoglycerides: 0, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL; zinc glycinate: 0, 25, 50, 100, 250, and 500 µg/mL). Cell supernatants were collected to analyze the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using PROC MIXED of SAS with a randomized complete block design. IPEC-J2 cells treated with 250 or 1,000 μg/mL of monoglycerides, or 5 μg/mL of zinc glycinate had increased (P < 0.05) TEER values at 48 or 72h posttreatment, compared with control. The LPS challenge increased (P < 0.05) the production of TNF-α and IL-1β from PAM. In the non-challenge group, 50 or 100 μg/mL of monoglycerides stimulated (P < 0.05) TNF-α and IL-1β production from PAMs. Treatment with 25 or 100 μg/mL of zinc glycinate also enhanced (P < 0.05) TNF-α production from PAM. In LPS-treated PAM, 1,000 μg/mL of monoglycerides increased (P < 0.05) IL-1β production, while zinc glycinate suppressed (P < 0.0001) the secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β at the doses of 100, 250, and 500 μg/mL. In conclusion, the results of this in vitro study indicate that monoglycerides positively affect the barrier function of the epithelium, while zinc glycinate may have strong immune regulatory benefits. Future animal studies will be required to verify their impacts on animal gut health, systemic immunity, and growth performance.

The Influence of Impedance on the Efficacy of Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) uses the heat generated by a high-frequency alternating electric current, and according to Ohm's and Joule's law, the delivered current is inversely proportional to the circuit impedance. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether tissue impedance during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for benign thyroid nodules is related to the degree of volume reduction. This observational study included consecutive patients treated with RFA for benign thyroid nodules from February 2020 to August 2023. Technical effectiveness was defined as a volume reduction percentage (VRP) >75% at 6 months after the treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the potential role of clinical factors and changes in tissue impedance on technique effectiveness. Totally 72 patients were included with 73 benign thyroid nodules. Maximal impedance peaks reached <18 times, and mean procedural impedance ≤300 Ω were significantly associated with a volume decrease of >75% at bivariate analysis. These cutoff points were exploratory, as no existing literature suggests these variables are related to the degree of volume reduction. After adjusting for age, volume, and composition, significant associations were found for mean electrical impedance in the multivariate analysis (OR = 4.86 [confidence interval [CI] 1.29-18.26], p = 0.019). The energy adjusted by volume (delivered energy) was not associated with a VRP >75% (p = 0.7746). This study suggests that a mean procedural impedance </= 300 Ω is related to the effectiveness of RFA as measured by VRP. Additional prospective and randomized studies are needed to compare electrical parameters with VRP. 3 Laryngoscope, 134:5231-5238, 2024.

Dissipative split-charge formalism: Ohm's law, Nyquist noise, and non-contact friction.

The split-charge equilibration method is extended to describe dissipative charge transfer similarly as the Drude model, whereby the complex-valued frequency-dependent dielectric permittivities or conductivities of dielectrics and metals can be mimicked at non-zero frequencies. To demonstrate its feasibility, a resistor-capacitor circuit is simulated using an all-atom representation for the resistor and capacitor. The dynamics reproduce the expected charging process and Nyquist noise, the latter resulting from the thermal voltages acting on individual split charges. The method bears promise to model friction caused by the motion of charged particles past metallic or highly polarizable media.

Quantifying the Mesoscale Contribution to FACs During a Magnetospheric Substorm

AbstractMesoscales, which couple small to large scales, and vice‐versa, are critical to the magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling. Optical and radar measurements indicate that dynamical mesoscale features are present in the ionosphere, however quantifying their contribution to the overall dynamics remains a challenge. We use a new ionospheric data assimilation technique, Lompe (Local mapping of the polar ionospheric electrodynamics), to specify ionospheric electrodynamics using a wide variety of input data and a priori assumptions about the physical nature of the ionospheric electric field. We isolate the terms of the ionospheric Ohm's law and find that mesoscale structures in the FACs are driven by Hall gradients, while the larger scale patterns are associated with the divergence of the electric field. We calculate the relative contribution of mesoscales to the overall FAC patterns during a magnetospheric substorm, and find that in the nightside, mesoscale FACs contribute up to 60% of the total.

Chaotic dynamics in a class of generalized memristive maps.

The memory effects of the memristors in nonlinear systems make the systems generate complicated dynamics, which inspires the development of the applications of memristors. In this article, the model of the discrete memristive systems with the generalized Ohm's law is introduced, where the classical Ohm's law is a linear relationship between voltage and current, and a generalized Ohm's law is a nonlinear relationship. To illustrate the rich dynamics of this model, the complicated dynamical behavior of three types of maps with three types of discrete memristances is investigated, where a cubic function representing a kind of generalized Ohm's law is used, and this cubic function is a simplified characteristic of the famous tunnel diode. The existence of attractors with one or two positive Lyapunov exponents (corresponding to chaotic or hyperchaotic dynamics) is obtained, and the coexistence of (infinitely) many attractors is observable. A hardware device is constructed to implement these maps and the analog voltage signals are experimentally acquired.

Absence of Additional Stretching-Induced Electron Scattering in Highly Conductive Cross-linked Nanocomposites with Negligible Tunneling Barrier Height and Width.

The intrinsic resistance of stretchable materials is dependent on strain, following Ohm's law. Here the invariable resistance of highly conductive cross-linked nanocomposites over 53% strain is reported, where additional electron scattering is absent with stretching. The in situ generated uniformly dispersed small silver nanosatellite particles (diameter=3.6nm) realize a short tunneling barrier width of 4.1nm in cross-linked silicone rubber matrix. Furthermore, the barrier height can be precisely controlled by the gap state energy level modulation in silicone rubber using cross-linkers. The negligible barrier height (0.01eV) and short barrier width, achieved by the silver nanosatellite particles in cross-linked silicone rubber, dramatically increase the electrical conductivity (51710Scm-1) by more than 4 orders of magnitude. The high conductance is also maintained over 53% strain. The quantum tunneling behavior is observed when the barrier height is increased, following the Simmons approximation theory. The transport becomes diffusive, following Ohm's law, when the barrier width is increased beyond 10.3nm. This study provides a novel strain-invariant resistance mechanism in highly conductive cross-linked nanocomposites.

Synergetic engineering of oxidizable, redox, and inert metal decorated copper oxide for non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing applications

Abstract In the quest for efficient resistive switching (RS) materials for both non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing applications, a variety of functional materials have been researched in the last few years. Herein, we systematically synthesized Ni, Ag, and Au decorated copper oxide (CuxO) by using an electrochemical approach and investigated their RS performance for both non-volatile memory storage and neuromorphic computing applications. By tuning various electrochemical parameters, we optimized Ni, Ag, and Au decoration over the CuxO switching layers to understand the effect of oxidizable, redox, and inert metal decoration, respectively. Fabricated Ni-CuxO/FTO, Ag-CuxO/FTO, and Au-CuxO/FTO devices show forming-free bipolar and analog properties of RS behavior. The electrical measurements asserted that the electrodeposited Ni-CuxO/FTO RS device shows excellent RS, non-volatile memory, and synaptic learning properties compared to the Ag-CuxO/FTO, and Au-CuxO/FTO devices. Moreover, the statistical and Weibull distribution parameters suggested that the Ni-CuxO/FTO RS device has lower switching variation than the other two devices. The conduction mechanisms of all devices are investigated by fitting the appropriate physics-oriented models. It was found that Ohmic and Child's square law were dominated during the charge transport and the RS process occurred due to the filamentary switching effect. Results suggested the electro-decorated/-deposited Ni-CuxO is a suitable switching layer for memory as well as neuromorphic computing applications.&amp;#xD;

Electronic Properties of ZnO Nanowires: A First-Principles Analysis Using Two-Probe Methodology

In this study, the electrical characteristics of pure ZnO nanowires are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) inside the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) paradigm. We clarify the underlying electronic behaviours by a thorough analysis of I-V curves, density of states (DOS) spectra, and transmission spectra. All calculations are carefully carried out using the Quantum Wise Atomistic Tool Kit programme and the Generalised Gradient Approximation (GGA). Our results show that localised d orbitals dominantly contribute to ZnO nanowire transmission properties. We also investigate the effect of doping with copper on these characteristics. Gradual doping from pristine to 2 and 4 Cu atoms shows significant enhancements, indicating a clear relationship between electrical properties and doping concentration. Notably, the device's potential as a resistor is highlighted by the greater linearity of current with copper doping, demonstrating adherence to Ohm's law. Moving beyond basic research, we tackle real-world issues in sensing applications, including the quick identification of copper molecules in water. We provide light on the Au-ZnO-Au structure's potential for sensor applications by thoroughly discussing its electron transport properties. In conclusion, this study advances our knowledge of the electrical characteristics of ZnO nanowires and how doping modifies them, opening the door to their application in a variety of electronic and sensing devices.

Electron-only Reconnection and Ion Heating in 3D3V Hybrid-Vlasov Plasma Turbulence

We perform 3D3V hybrid-Vlasov simulations of turbulence with quasi-isotropic, compressible injection near ion scales to mimic the Earth’s magnetosheath plasma, and investigate the novel electron-only reconnection, recently observed by NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, and its impact on ion heating. Retaining electron inertia in the generalized Ohm's law enables collisionless magnetic reconnection. Spectral analysis shows a shift from kinetic Alfvén waves to inertial kinetic Alfvén and inertial whistler waves near electron scales. To distinguish the roles of inertial scale and gyroradius (d i and ρ i), three ion beta (β i = 0.25, 1, 4) values are studied. Ion-electron decoupling increases with β i, as ions become less mobile when the injection scale is closer to ρ i than d i, highlighting the role of ρ i in achieving an electron magnetohydrodynamic regime at sub-ion scales. This regime promotes electron-only reconnection in turbulence with small-scale injection at β i ≳ 1. We observe significant ion heating even at large β i, with Q i/ϵ ≈ 69%, 91%, and 96% at β i = 0.25, 1, and 4, respectively. While ion heating is anisotropic at β i ≤ 1 (T i,⊥ > T i,∥), it is marginally anisotropic at β i > 1 (T i,⊥ ≳ T i,∥). Our results show ion turbulent heating in collisionless plasmas is sensitive to the separation between injection scales (λ inj) and ρ i, β i, and finite-k ∥ effects, necessitating further investigation for accurate modeling. These findings have implications for other collisionless astrophysical environments, like high-β plasmas in intracluster medium, where processes such as microinstabilities or shocks may inject energy near ion-kinetic scales.

PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PHET SIMULATION PADA PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA DI SMA PEMBANGUNAN V YAPIS KOTA JAYAPURA

The aim of this community service activity is to introduce students and teachers to the use of the Phet Simultion application in Direct Electric Current material, namely Ohm's Law. This activity was carried out at the Development V Yapis High School, Jayapura City. There were 34 students involved in this activity consisting of classes XI and XII Science. This activity was carried out in two stages, namely, first we delivered brief material related to direct electric current and related Phet Simulation along with the steps for using the Phet Simulation. After the material is presented, the goal is to distribute the LKPD so that students can easily understand the material and use the phet application. Then, a simulation is carried out regarding the use of phet, namely on Ohm's law material. When the simulation took place, the students and teachers were very enthusiastic because they had just found out that we could use the Phet application to carry out practicums.

Photodetector performance analysis of a hybrid MnPc/DLC device with high photoresponsivity, sensitivity, and On/Off ratio

The fabrication and characterization of high-performance devices for optoelectronic applications, particularly their response to incident light, are crucial. In this study, a MnPc/DLC device was fabricated using thermal evaporation and magnetron sputtering techniques, and its fundamental optoelectronic properties were characterised. Key diode parameters including barrier height, ideality factor, reverse saturation current, series resistance, and shunt resistance were determined using several methods, such as TE, Ohm's Law, the modified Norde method, and the Mikhelashvili method. The results from these methods were found to be consistent with varying light intensities. Additionally, photodetector parameters of the MnPc/DLC device were measured at ±1 V under light intensities of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mW/cm2, and the findings were compared with the literature. The maximum values for photocurrent, photoresponsivity, photosensitivity, specific detectivity, and on/off ratio were 6.41 × 10−2 A, 2.49 A/W, 2.02 × 105, 5.8 × 109 Jones and 2.06 × 103, respectively. Notably, the photocurrent, photoresponsivity, photosensitivity, and on/off ratio values were found to be significantly higher and more promising compared to those reported in the literature.

Counterion Blockade in a Heterogeneously Charged Single-File Water Channel.

The Possion-Nernst-Planck theories fail to describe the ionic transport in Angstrom channels, where conduction deviates from Ohm's law, which is attributed to the dehydration/self-energy barrier and dissociation of Bjerrum ion pairs in previous work. Here, we find that the cations can be strongly bound to the surface charge, which blocks the ionic transport in a single-file water channel, causing nonlinear current-voltage curves. The presence of free ions significantly increases the probability of bound ions being released, resulting in an ionic current. We find that ionic conduction gradually becomes Ohmic as the surface charge density increases, but the conduction amplitude decreases due to the increased friction from the bound ions. We rationalize the ionic transport using 1D Kramers' escape theory framework, which describes nonlinear ionic current and the impact of surface charge density on the I-V curves. Our results show that the strong Coulomb interaction between the counterion and surface charge may cause ionic blockade in Angstrom channels.

Mathematical Modeling of Electrical Power Systems for Fault Detection

Control networks are critical offices that have to be exceptionally solid and productive. Finding issues in these frameworks is exceptionally imperative for keeping them steady, keeping gear from breaking, and maintaining a strategic distance from long power blackouts. It has gotten to be clear that scientific modeling may be a awesome way to think about and discover issues in control frameworks. Taking after this strategy requires making a scientific show of the control framework, which incorporates motors, transformers, transmission lines, and loads. A few physical laws, like Ohm's Law and Kirchhoff's laws, are frequently utilized within the models to accurately show how electrical circuits work when they are working legitimately and when they aren't. On the off chance that you need to discover issues, you'll utilize numerical models to form flaws like brief circuits, open circuits, and ground deficiencies appear genuine. Through examining how the framework responds to these fake issues, engineers can make programs that can discover genuine flaws and tell where they are when they happen. These calculations frequently utilize strategies like evaluating the state, evaluating the parameters, and recognizing designs. Utilizing real-time information to figure the current state of the framework is what state estimation is all approximately. On the other hand, parameter estimation is all almost finding changes in framework parameters that might cruel there is a problem. Design acknowledgment employments past information and machine learning to discover peculiarities and sort diverse sorts of flaws. Differential conditions, framework polynomial math, and numerical strategies are fair some of the progressed science instruments that are frequently utilized to unravel the complicated conditions that depict how the power framework works. Putting these models beside unused computer innovations like high-performance computing and real-time simulations makes issue location strategies more exact and quicker. As green vitality sources and shrewd network advances are included to control frameworks, they will continue to alter. Mathematical modeling will become more and more important to make sure they work safely and efficiently. It talks about how to mathematically model electrical power systems to find faults, what they can be used for, and what the future holds for this field.

A nonlinear phase-field model of corrosion with charging kinetics of electric double layer

Abstract A nonlinear phase-field model is developed to simulate corrosion damage. The motion of the electrode-electrolyte interface follows the usual kinetic rate theory for chemical reactions based on the Butler-Volmer equation. The model links the surface polarization variation associated with the charging kinetics of an electric double layer (EDL) to the mesoscale transport. The effects of the EDL are integrated as a boundary condition on the solution potential equation. The boundary condition controls the magnitude of the solution potential at the electrode$-$electrolyte interface. The ion concentration field outside the EDL is obtained by solving the electro$-$diffusion equation and Ohm's law for the solution potential. The model is validated against the classic benchmark pencil electrode test. The framework developed reproduces experimental measurements of both pit kinetics and transient current density response. The model enables more accurate information on corrosion damage, current density, and environmental response in terms of the distribution of electric potential and charged species. The sensitivity analysis for different properties of the EDL is performed to investigate their role in the electrochemical response of the system. Simulation results show that the properties of the EDL significantly influence the transport of ionic species in the electrolyte.

Analytical prediction of the formation factor for anisotropic mono-sized unconsolidated porous media

The rectangular Representative Unit Cell (RUC) models for mono-sized isotropic unconsolidated porous media have been extended to anisotropic media. Volume averaging was applied to Ohm's law in order to propose analytical expressions for the formation factor for electrical conduction in terms of the pore-scale linear dimensions. The formation factor, crucial for understanding electrical conduction in porous media, has significant applications in subsurface geophysics, petroleum reservoir characterization, and the durability assessment of construction materials. These analytical models provide valuable insights for optimizing the electrical properties of porous structures in various engineering fields, for example in mapping groundwater resources, differentiating oil-bearing zones in reservoirs, and predicting ion migration in concrete. Aspect ratios of the cell and solid dimensions have been introduced, and the formation factor expressed in terms thereof for five different arrays, i.e. a regular, a non-overlapping streamwisely fully staggered, an overlapping streamwisely fully staggered, a non-overlapping transversally fully staggered, and an overlapping transversally fully staggered array. The Laplace equation has furthermore been solved numerically for two-dimensional versions of the different arrays and the formation factor computed for several values of the aspect ratios. The proposed analytical models have been validated against the generated numerical data and compared to experimental and numerical data obtained from the literature. The proposed models have also been adapted to include a percolation threshold porosity in order to improve the model predictions for very low porosity media.

Enhancing voltage regulation in high-speed digital circuits: A simulation-based analysis of the modified Ohm's law

Voltage droop is a significant challenge in high-speed digital circuits, impacting the reliability and performance of electronic systems. This paper introduces a novel approach based on a Modified Ohm's Law to address this issue. By incorporating nonlinear resistance effects, the Modified Ohm's Law provides a more accurate representation of circuit behavior, particularly under dynamic conditions. Through a rigorous simulation framework, the behavior of power supply models under varying load conditions is analyzed. The paper systematically examines circuit responses, load variations, and power supply dynamics, integrating both Standard and Modified Ohm's Law to compare their effectiveness in voltage regulation. The simulation results indicate that the Modified Ohm's Law provides a more accurate prediction of voltage behavior, particularly under rapid load changes, leading to significant improvements in voltage stability. The applied parameter sweep analyses reveal that adjusting the time constant of the power supply within the Modified Ohm's Law framework yields superior voltage regulation compared to traditional methods. Additionally, the analysis of frequency and amplitude variations demonstrates the robustness of the Modified Ohm's Law in maintaining voltage stability across different operational scenarios. This approach effectively addresses the nonlinearities in resistance, reducing voltage droop and enhancing the reliability of high-speed digital circuits. The findings demonstrate the potential of the Modified Ohm's Law in practical applications, suggesting further research and real-world experimentation to fully explore its benefits and implementation strategies. This work contributes to the advancement of voltage regulation techniques, offering a robust solution to the persistent problem of voltage droop in modern electronic systems.

Study of the Electrophysical Properties of "Surkhon-104" Grade Cotton Fibers Alloyed with \(KMnO_4\)

In this article, the physical properties of cotton fibers sort of "Surkhon-104" with thermal treatment were studied. The main results of the research are as follows. The electrophysical and photoelectrical properties of cotton fibers doped with KMnO4 were studied. The research was carried out in the temperature range of 300-360 K and voltage in the range of 0-100 V. Temperature dependence of electrical conductivity of cotton fibers was studied. It was proved that the current flowing from all samples prepared as a research object obeys Ohm's law. It was found that the photoconductivity caused by ultraviolet and visible light in the cotton fibers sample is mainly related to the formation of inter-zone electron-hole pairs. it was found that the electrical conductivity increased significantly due to the photogeneration of charge carriers. The long-term relaxation of photoconductivity was determined, which is related to the localization of electrons to Et2=Ec-1,5 eV levels.

Accuracy and scalability of incompressible inductionless MHD codes applied to fusion technologies

Abstract It is well-known that magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) dominates the dynamic of the liquid metal flows inside the breeding blankets (BB) of future nuclear fusion plants by magnetic confinement. MHD is a multiphysics phenomenon involving both electromagnetism and incompressible fluid mechanics. From the computational point of view, the simulation of MHD flows in fusion relevant conditions entails a significant challenge. Indeed, due to the shape of the induced electrical currents inside the bulk of the fluid, high spatial resolutions are needed to capture the large gradients found in boundary layers and 3D effects. Besides, solving the equations accurately typically requires very small time steps for the transient algorithms. Over the past few decades, some parallel MHD codes have been developed with success to simulate complex flows in increasingly realistic geometries. Among them, the MHD tools of commercial CFD platforms have attracted attention due to their relatively soft learning curve. Most of these codes are based on the so called ϕ-formulation which, by applying the divergence free condition of the current density to the Ohms law, reduces the electromagnetic part of the problem to a single Poisson equation. As a downside, the approach segregates the fluid and electromagnetic problem. In practice, this establishes important limits to the mesh element size, to the mesh quality and to the time-step needed to obtain accurate and stable solutions that maintains charge conservation at a discrete level. In this work, these limits are explored for the commercial platform ANSYS-Fluent using a test geometry under different conditions. As an alternative, a new code based on Finite Element Methods (FEM) is introduced as well. This open-source code, called GridapMHD (https://github.com/gridapapps/GridapMHD.jl), aims at solving the full set of MHD equations using a monolithic approach. GridapMHD is still in early stages of development but it has already shown promising results.

An integrated bipolar electrode with shared cathode for dual-mode detection and imaging of CEA

In this paper, we designed a novel shared cathode bipolar electrode chip based on Ohm 's law and successfully constructed a dual-mode dual-signal biosensor platform (DD-cBPE). The device integrates ELISA, ECL, and ECL imaging to achieve highly sensitive detection and visual imaging of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The unique circuit structure of the device not only realizes the dual signal detection of the target, but also breaks the traditional signal amplification concept. The total resistance of the system is reduced by series-parallel connection of BPE, and the total current in the circuit is increased. In addition, Au@NiCo2O4@MnO2 nanozyme activity probe was introduced into the common cathode to enhance the conductivity of the material. At the same time, due to the excellent peroxidase (POD) activity of NiCo2O4@MnO2, the decomposition of H2O2 was accelerated, so that more electrons flowed to the BPE anode, and finally the dual amplification of the ECL signal was realized. The device affects the current in the circuit by regulating the concentration of the co-reactant TPrA, thereby affecting the resistance of the system. Finally, different luminescent reagents emit light at the same potential and the luminous efficiency is similar. In addition, the chip does not need external resistance regulation, which improves the sensitivity of the immunosensor and meets the needs of timely detection. It provides a new idea for the deviceization of bipolar electrodes and has broad application prospects in biosensors, clinical detection, and environmental monitoring.