Official Attitudes Research Articles

Examining the relationship between officer attitudes and behaviour in a multi-site trial of procedural justice training

Abstract While reformers view police training as an important means for improving performance, the training evidence base has historically been weak. Little research has focussed on how training impacts both attitudes and behaviour in the field, and the extent to which changes in attitudes following a training program are linked to officer behaviour in the field. This paper uses data from a multi-site randomized trial of procedural justice training in hot spots to assess the attitude–behaviour link. We ask to what extent do officers’ attitudes about procedural justice impact their behaviour in the field? We find no support for officer baseline attitudes being predictive of their use of procedural justice with the public. But for trained officers, we do find evidence that attitudes following training are related to behaviour in observed interactions in the field. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for police training and training evaluation studies.

ДВІ ШЛЯХТИ, ДВІ ДОЛІ: СТАНОВИЩЕ ПОЛЬСЬКОГО ДВОРЯНСТВА НА ПОДІЛЛІ НАПРИКІНЦІ XVIII–XIX ст.

The existence of the Polish nobility on the territory of Podilia can be conventionally divided into two periods. During the first period, which related to 1795–1830, the policy of St. Petersburg in relation to the strata remained relatively loyal. The gentry was transferred to noble status, representatives of the group could apply for positions in the civil service, freedom of religion was preserved. The situation changed radically after The November Uprising of 1830–1831, after which the Russian empire took a course to limit the freedoms of the Polish nobility. The rentier gentry will experience a great collapse. The courtiers, who remained tax-free strata and didn’t hurry to swear allegiance to the emperor, were an obstacle for the Russian empire. In addition, St. Petersburg saw a potential danger in the political activity of the group that had a hand in the uprising. Over time, the rentier gentry were equalized in rights with the Ukrainian peasantry. The great gentry also experienced social and economic oppression, against which the government initiated demonstrative punitive trials. The educational and cultural policy of the anti-Polish direction included the persecution of church clergy and trials of students, the closing of churches and religious schools, the elimination of Greek Catholicism, etc. The Russian government was aware that the fight against culture is an effective tool that will help Poles to forget their ethnicity, so it spared no effort and no money. The initial attitude of the government officials of the Romanov state towards the nobility was the usual deception. The Polish uprisings of 1830–1831 and 1863–1864 were only a pretext for starting a repressive policy against a group that came from Russia’s hated rival, the Rzeczpospolita. The further attitude of the imperial ideologues was aimed at humiliating and subjugating the nobility, turning it into a second-rate figure of the state hierarchy and an obedient tool in the hands of St. Petersburg. A variety of tools were used: discriminatory legislation, humiliating trials, exile to a katorga, transfer of peasants to the rank of peasants in the case of the rentier gentry. However, the Russian Empire remained powerless, because Polish landowners continued to prevail in Podilia and retain strong influence.

Impact of Postsecondary Education on Police Officers’ Selective Law Enforcement Attitudes: Does the Choice of Academic Major Matter?

With the increasing challenges in policing, selective law enforcement, a flexible policing strategy, is widely considered an effective way of maintaining law and order. Officers with favorable attitudes towards selective enforcement commonly use discretion to prioritize responses based on the seriousness of offenders and offenses and to balance their roles of law enforcement, service calls, and maintenance of order. However, as the calls for police officers to pursue higher education continue to gain momentum, it is not known whether college experience, particularly the choice of academic major, influences police officer attitudes toward selective enforcement. Using qualitative data from regular police officers in Murang’a County, a peri-urban county in Kenya, we sought to determine the influence of college academic majors on police officers’ selective law enforcement attitudes. We relied on socialization theory and used a descriptive cross-sectional design. The sample size was 95 police officers with postsecondary experience, selected randomly. We collected data using self-administered structured questionnaires and conducted inferential analysis using SPSS version 22. We established that officers’ academic major has no statistically significant relationship with their selective law enforcement attitudes. We concluded that there is little evidence that what a police officer studies in college affects their role orientation. The study recommends that encouraging police officers to pursue higher education in general will increase their attitudes towards selective law enforcement. Limitations and suggestions for future studies have been discussed.

SOSIALISASI PENDIDIKAN POLITIK : PENTINGNYA NETRALITAS APARATUR PEMERINTAH DESA MENYONSONG PEMILU 2024

General elections in a country are an effort to realize good governance and the realization of a democratic state. However, it causes legal problems in the field such as the occurrence of attitudes of state officials or state officials, in this case, one of which is the head and village officials who often participate in efforts to win one of the candidates participating in the election. The method used is Discussion, Simulation.The results of this activity can provide high understanding among the Juwiring Village Government Apparatus, Cepiring District, as well as increase student experience to take part in the implementation of Political Education courses

제주 지역 여성경찰공무원의 여성차별이 근무만족에 미치는 영향

The job of the police is to prevent crime and, when a crime occurs, quickly initiate an investigation and apprehend the criminal. Recently, the attitude of female police officers in responding to criminals has been socially criticized. However, the police not only responds to crime but also provides security services to the public, so while the role of male police officers is becoming more important, the role of female police officers is also becoming more important. In previous research on the police, research is being conducted focusing on various research topics such as police organization and job satisfaction of police officers. However, research on female police officers' discrimination against women or female police officers' job satisfaction is somewhat limited. In addition, the police profession is an occupation with a strong sense of professional ethics, which means protecting the country and its citizens, and its sense of duty is considered important. Accordingly, this study sought to verify what moderating effect professional consciousness has on work satisfaction among female police officers in terms of discrimination against women. As a result of the study, discrimination against women was found to have an effect on work satisfaction, but the interaction term between discrimination against women and work consciousness did not show statistically significant results. However, it was confirmed that work consciousness affects work satisfaction. In other words, it was confirmed that female police officers have an effect on work satisfaction due to their work consciousness, but that discrimination against women does not affect work satisfaction no matter how excellent their work consciousness is. Based on these research results, discrimination against women, work satisfaction, and professional consciousness of female police officers were discussed.

THREAT" AS MENTAL VIOLENCE IN THE SYSTEM OF WAYS OF COMMITTING OFFICIAL VIOLENT CRIMES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

Statistics of official violent crimes committed by law enforcement officers, on the one hand, indicates a decrease in their number, on the other – the latency of such acts and opposition to their investigation due to the loyal attitude of law enforcement officers themselves. In 2016, 949 crimes were registered under paragraphs "a, b, c" of Part 3 of Article 286 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in 2017 – 799, in 2018 – 711, in 2019 – 626, in 2020 – 503, in 2021 - 367. In this regard, of particular importance in the investigation of such crimes is the correct establishment of the methods of their commission. Based on the analysis carried out by the author, both criminal-legal and scientific questions of the definition of "threat" as mental violence in the system of ways of committing the crimes under consideration were raised. The novelty of the topic of the publication lies in the study of "threat" as mental violence in the system of ways of committing official violent crimes through the prism of scientific sources and law enforcement practice. The purpose of this publication is to define the term "threat", to establish a correct assessment of mental violence in the system of methods of committing official violent crimes, to highlight special signs of "threat" as mental violence. On the basis of theory and law enforcement practice, the author reveals the term "threat" taking into account the specifics of official violent crimes, the boundaries of mental violence in these categories of cases are established, certain signs of "threat" as mental violence are highlighted, legislative ideas are proposed.

Village Government Policy in Reducing Poverty

This research aims to find out how local government policies reduce poverty in Baringin Village, Lubuk Kilangan District, West Sumatra. Includes policy strategies, policy steps, and follow-up Local government policies and village community development, as well as factors that influence local government policies not being optimal in reducing poverty in Baringin District, include budget factors, community factors, resource factors, community factors, and apparatus attitudes. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive. In collecting data, field research was carried out using observation techniques with the aim of directly knowing the data needed. Then carry out interview techniques and conduct library research by searching for documents related to local government policy issues related to reducing poverty in Baringin Village. The results of this research show that the local government's policy in reducing poverty in Baringin Subdistrict is quite good. This can be seen from the policy programs implemented by the subdistrict government, which can be directly felt by the community. However, in the implementation of local government policies to reduce poverty, there are of course obstacles or factors such as budget, lack of communication, less creative human resources, and less professional attitudes of officials.

Boris Sinani: 246 Days in the Life of a Participant in Revolutionary Events in Russia in 1917

From the example of Russian officer Boris Semenovich Sinani’s fate, the authors have attempted to reconstruct the events of the first days of the February Revolution, including certain aspects of the work of the “military headquarters of the revolution” - the Military Commission, as well as the reasons for the creation and nature of the functioning of the Union of Republican Officers of the People's Army. Through their research, the authors have revealed the complexity of the relationship between the Provisional Committee of the State Duma and the Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, as well as the attitude of the Russian officers to the revolutionary changes in the country. The authors note that the name Sinani was taken as a pseudonym by Georgy Borisovich Skalov, another participant in the revolution and the Civil War, and this choice played a tragic role in the fate of the latter. The study is based on the analysis of the documents of the Union of Socialists of the People's Army stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, memoirs, and their comparison with published scientific works. The authors have also attempted to reconstruct the main lines of interaction and contradictions between officer groups during the Great October Socialist Revolution.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH UTILIZATION OF HEALTH SERVICE TO COMMUNITIES IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE LUBUK PAKAM PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER

Utilization of health care, improved, prevented and cured disease and restored individual or family health in the medical center, where health-care services are performed well, more and more will take advantage of health care, but the opposite may result if the service is felt inadequate. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors associated with the use of health care in the medical center. This type of research is quantitative using a design design for sectionals. The population in this study is the entire community of officers in the human employment area of the central human housing centre 62 people with 33 samples. The instrument used is a questionnaire Data analysis used Chi Square test, univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with a significant level of 5% with an error rate of = 0.05.Analysis shows that there is a relation between an officer 's attitude with a health care user (p value=0.003) < ? 0,005, there is a perception of pain using health care (p value= 0.001) < ? 0.005 and a waiting time relation with health care (p value= 0.003) < ? 0.005. Based on the results of the study, it is suggested that the Lubuk Pakam Health Center is expected to improve the quality of services provided to patients as well as evaluate and pay attention to waiting times to make them even more efficient.

Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitude and Motivation of Officers in Managing the COVID-19 Vaccine Cold Chain: A Systematic Review

Background: Vaccines are an important tool in preventing serious infectious diseases. Cold chain management is essential to maintain vaccine quality, including storage, transportation, and distribution at appropriate temperatures. This study aims to investigate the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and motivation of health workers responsible for cold chain management of the COVID-19 vaccine. Method: This was a systematic literature review study by searching through databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Semantic Scholar, and Frontiers, using some keywords. 76 relevant previous studies were found. After filtering for publication year (post-2019), they reviewed 19 articles' abstracts. However, 10 articles lacked information on vaccine officers' knowledge, attitudes, and motivation in cold chain management. Thus, only 9 articles were included in the review. Results: The results show that adequate knowledge, training, and understanding of guidelines significantly influence desired vaccine cold chain management practices. These studies also highlight the importance of understanding guidelines, efficient implementation, and sustainability aspects in vaccine management. Conclusion: This research concludes that to increase the effectiveness of vaccination programs, efforts are needed to increase knowledge, training, and implementation of guidelines among health workers responsible for the vaccine cold chain. Efforts to understand and implement sustainable practices are also crucial. The conclusions from this research can help decision-makers improve vaccine cold chain management to ensure the success of the vaccination program.

Concussion injury management, perception, and knowledge in amateur field hockey.

Field hockey has a high risk for sports-related concussion (SRC) injuries due to the speed and intensity of the game, current rules, field surfaces and equipment composition. Head injuries are the second most common reported injury and up to 75% of SRCs go unreported or undetected. This increases the subsequent injury risk, long-term health consequences and prolonged injury recovery. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of SRC in hockey players within the Southern Gauteng Hockey Association (SGHA) premier league. Concussion knowledge and attitudes of hockey players, coaches, umpires, and officials were also investigated. A partially mixed sequential dominant status design (QUANT-qual) was used, divided into two phases. In Phase One hockey players, coaches, umpires, and technical officials (n=119) completed a modified RoCKAS-ST questionnaire. In Phase Two, a focus group discussion with umpires (n=3) and interviews with coaches (n=3) were conducted. Injuries to the shoulder, neck, head, and face were reported from stick use (n=98); ball use (n=102) and collisions (n=187). Only 19% of hockey players were diagnosed with SRC, indicating that many of these injuries were undetected or not reported. Responses from the focus group discussion and interviews indicated that coaches, umpires, and officials felt they had insufficient knowledge of SRC. The recognition and management of on-field injuries require improvement to enhance the injury detection system.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIALIZATION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS GERIATRIC CARE AMONG CLINICAL OFFICERS IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY HEALTH CENTERS, KENYA

The rapid growth of the elderly population in Africa poses significant healthcare challenges due to scarcity of geriatric care workers The scarcity can be partially attributed to the attitude towards elderly care. This current study was conducted in Nairobi, Kenya to investigate the attitude of clinical officers towards geriatric care and explore the relationship between their attitude and their socialization. Using a cross-sectional research design, the study involved 302 clinical officers working in 99 health centres across Nairobi City County. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and the chi-square test. The findings indicated that 58% of the respondents held a positive attitude towards elderly patients, while 42% displayed a negative attitude. Notably, socialization was found to be significantly associated with attitude towards geriatric care c2(1) =10.204, p<.05. The study's results underscore the crucial role of socialization in shaping and influencing the attitude of clinical officers towards geriatric care in Nairobi's healthcare facilities. By leveraging on clinical officers as socialisation agents, healthcare systems can strive to provide better care for the expanding pool of geriatric caregivers in the country.

Uloga ruske vojne elite u Oktobarskoj revoluciji 1917.

Based on unpublished archival materials, memoirs and relevant literature, the paper analyses the attitude of officers of the Russian General Staff towards the fall of the Provisional Government of A. F. Kerensky and the rise of the Bolsheviks, which ended with a coup d’état on October 25 (November 7), 1917. New archival data was found in the unpublished memoirs of Lieutenant General Vladimir Vladimirovich Marushevsky (1874–1952), the last Chief of the General Directorate of the General Staff of Russian Army at the time of the October Revolution, who ended his life in exile in Yugoslavia.

PENINGKATAN DETEKSI-AKSI BERBASIS DATA, INFORMASI, DAN KEJADIAN AKTUAL UNTUK PEMETAAN SITUASI KAMTIBMAS MELALUI PEMOLISIAN PREDIKTIF DALAM RANGKA PEMELIHARAAN KAMTIBMAS

This study aims to determine the increase in the base of action-detection based on data, information and actual incidents for mapping the Kamtibmas situation and to determine the maintenance of security and public order using predictive policing. This study uses a qualitative approach with a mix method that uses the level of understanding, attitude and orientation of police officers towards increased detection based on data, information and actual incidents which can be identified through surveys. These problems are then analyzed using the concept of predictive policing, the dimensions of predictive policing, and the basis for mapping the Kamtibmas situation with a predictive policing approach. The results of this study obtained that the data presented in this section are data obtained through interviews and tabulation results on the attitudes of research respondents. Respondents' attitudes towards the main issues studied in this study, which are related to increased detection of data and information-based actions as well as actual incidents which form the basis for compiling the Kamtibmas situation map. There has been an increase in requests for Harkamtibmas activity reports in the form of data and information from each function in the regional unit. Request this report in both digital and manual format. Data and information needed in addition to filling out centralized digital and manual report formats. Since the existence of the Presisi program, especially the emphasis on predictive policing, there has been an increasing push to increase action-detection activities and to expand information and data sources. As a consequence, improving personnel capabilities and improving operational activities also need adjustments. Therefore, this research needs to be socialized more periodically in order to increase the motivation, understanding and ability of personnel at the Satwil and Bag, Sat, sie levels in supporting increased action detection based on data, information and actual events and it is necessary to develop a mechanism for integrating and collaborating data and information from each part and function through a data center that can and is easily accessed.

REVIEW: Award-winning account of Taranaki taonga’s long journey home

Te Motonui Epa, by Rachel Buchanan. Wellington: Bridget William Books, 2022. 251 pages. ISBN: 9781990046582.
 TE MOTONUI EPA is a brilliant account of how five carved panels that were smuggled out of New Zealand were recovered after a long struggle and prompted major reassessments in official attitudes towards preserving Indigenous artefacts. The story begins during the Musket Wars when Ngāpuhi and Ngāti Whātua rivalry led to clashes in which warriors armed with European weapons fought for dominance in the North Island. As war spread to the Taranaki, Te Ātiawa hapū dismantled their most important public buildings and hid significant pieces in the Peropero swamps.

Pengetahuan dan Sikap Petugas Taruna Siaga Bencana dalam Pencegahan Kebakaran

Factors that affect the level of preparedness of an officer are years of service, level of knowledge, and preparedness training. The working period of an officer affects the level of preparedness of an officer. Officers who work longer have a better level of preparedness 3 than new officers. The level of knowledge also influences the officer's preparedness efforts, a person's level of preparedness can be formed by how often the person gets knowledge or information regarding prevention and preparedness. Preparedness training held in a company also affects the level of preparedness when a fire disaster occurs, officers who take part in training have better preparedness than officers who do not take part in training. The aim of the study was to describe the level of knowledge and attitudes of cadets responding to disasters in a fire disaster. This study uses a descriptive research method using a cross-sectional approach which is a study of several populations observed at the same time (Nursalam, 2017). By distributing questionnaires to research respondents, with the intention of knowing the description of the knowledge and attitudes of disaster cadet response officers in handling fire disaster preparedness in the province of South Sulawesi.

Marco Aurelio tra ortoprassia e «nomen Christianum»

Abstract - It is known that the hostile attitude of Marcus Aurelius towards Christianity has even an autograph attestation in a famous fragment of Marc. Aur. Τὰ εἰς ἑαυτόν 11.3, based on this testimony the princeps philosophus, on the one hand reproached the Christians for their lack of reasonableness, on the other the obstinate theatricality with which they faced martyrdom. At the end of an analysis aimed at retracing the testimonies of the acts of the Martyrs, apologists and historians and writers, it was decided to 'drop' the individual episodes attributable to the twenty years of the Aurelian principality in the broader context of administrative and legislative reforms of the princeps . What emerged was the absence of an ad hoc regulatory provision and more generally a hostile attitude of administrators and officials, which also reflected a hostility of the ‘intellighenzia’ of the time. In essence, more elements, local – such as the gladiator shows – and global, such as the plague and religious and normative conservatism, as well as the administrative reorganization, contributed, perhaps beyond an ill-concealed antipathy of the princeps, conservative both in the legislative and in the religious one, to create unfavorable conditions for Christians, during the Aurelian age.

The Effect Of Regional Financial Accounting Systems And Utilization Of Information Technology On SKPD Performance With Attitude Of Government Apparatuses As A Moderating Variable

This study aims to test whether the moderation of the attitude of government officials can influence the regional financial accounting system and the use of information technology on SKPD performance. The population and samples selected in this study were Regional Work Units (SKPD) in the DKI Jakarta area, questionnaires which would be distributed to Regional Work Units (SKPD) in the DKI Jakarta area with a total of 236 samples. The software used is SmartPLS (Partial Least Square). The results of hypothesis testing in this study found that the regional financial accounting system has a positive and significant effect on SKPD performance, the use of information technology has a positive effect on SKPD performance, the attitude of government officials on SKPD performance has a positive and significant effect, the attitude of government officials can strengthen the influence of the regional financial accounting system on SKPD performance and moderating the attitude of government officials are not able to strengthen the influence of the use of information technology on SKPD performance.

Competence of Public Health Center Health Extension Officers in the Tual City Health Service Work Area

This research aims to determine health promotion competency through the abilities, attitudes, and skills of Community Health Center extension officers in the work area of the Tual City Health Service. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach. There were 13 informants with the criteria as holders of the Promkes Program at the Community Health Center. Data collection techniques use in-depth interviews and activity documentation. The research results show that the officers' abilities regarding health promotion, competence, strategies, methods, and media use are still based on experience because the professionalism of extension officers has not been standardized. Officers' efforts still need to meet national standard health promotion coverage. The attitude of officers needs to be improved because it is hampered by the lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure for counseling and the monotonous creativity of officers due to lack of training. Officers' skills in using media are adequate, although still limited to print media and cross-sector collaboration. Difficulty accessing transportation and lighting equipment (electricity), especially at community health centers located on islands, is the cause of hampered health education.

Attitudes Towards the Position of Israel Regarding the Provision of Aid to Druze in Syria During the Civil War in Syria

"This article examines the perceptions and attitudes towards the position of the State of Israel and Israeli Druze regarding the provision of aid to Druze in Syria during the civil war in Syria that took place between the years 2011 and 2017. The main goal of this article is to examine the perceptions and attitudes of senior officials in the Druze community and in Israel regarding the aid provided to Druze in Syria and its impact on the national and Druze identity among the Druze population in Israel. Keywords: Druze, civil war, Israel, Syria."