Office Operations Research Articles

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Commodity Trading and Risk Management Solutions

This paper explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on commodity trading and risk management. It delves into how AI technologies can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of front office, middle office, and back office operations. The paper discusses various applications of AI, including price forecasting, real- time market insights, risk assessment, fraud detection, and the generation of Business Intelligence (BI) reports and dashboards. Additionally, it examines how AI can automate reconciliation processes, simulate prices, and audit master and transactional data for compliance purposes. Real-life examples of AI-enhanced Commodity Trading and Risk Management (CTRM) software are provided to illustrate these benefits. The paper also addresses the challenges and future prospects of AI implementation in this sector. Keywords Artificial Intelligence, Commodity Trading, Risk Management, CTRM, Price Forecasting, Market Insights, Risk Assessment, Fraud Detection, Business Intelligence, Reconciliation, Price Simulation, Data Auditing, Compliance, Automation.

Cloud and Data Transformation in Banking: Managing Middle and Back Office Operations Using Snowflake and Databricks

Cloud and Data Transformation in Banking: Managing Middle and Back Office Operations Using Snowflake and Databricks

The Prevalence and Associated factors of muscles and skeleton systems in The Air conditioning assembly plant

This research aimed to study the prevalence and factors related to musculoskeletal disorders among air-conditioner assembly line operators. This study was conducted on a group of 193 operators performing duties at an air-conditioner assembling factory. The interview method aimed at collecting data consisted of individual factors, job characteristic factors, environmental satisfaction factors, working posture factors, psychological factors as well as parts of the body. The interview process was conducted from May to July 2023. After the sample group of operators had been interviewed, the results of the study were summarized as follows; the cross-sectional study revealed that there were five significant factors of musculoskeletal disorders which were individual factors such as gender (p<0.001) and education (p=0.001), job characteristic factors such as section (p=0.01) and work duration (p<0.001), environmental factors such as temperature (p=0.006), working posture factors such as work with hand above shoulders (p<0.001), and psychological factors (p=0.008). Moreover, it was found that the lower back (31.6%) and the shoulders (28.5%) were the most of body parts being injured in the air-conditioning assembly work respectively. Therefore, it is clear that these factors were significantly related to musculoskeletal disorders. There are two main recommendations for this research. Firstly, RULA and REBA analysis should be conducted to assess the risk level of musculoskeletal disorders. Secondly, the number of sample group should be increased. In addition, other study should be done in this point hereinafter, apart from assembly line operators, other work type should be surveyed such as, office operators and forming metal operators.

The Effect Of Work Discipline and Work Environment On Employee Loyalty Of The Post Office Operations Division Main Branch Surabaya 60000

The goal of this study is to determine how employee loyalty is affected by work environment and discipline in the operations division of the Surabaya Main Branch Post Office 60000. Primary data from questionnaires given to respondents served as the basis for this study. Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) is a statistical analysis tool used in research data processing that use partial least squares analysis methodologies. According to the study’s findings, employee loyalty is positively impacted by work environment and discipline.

Manajemen Risiko Bisnis BMT di Tengah Pandemi COVID-19

The economic contraction in the MSME (Micro Small and Medium Enterprises) sector during the Covid pandemic directly impacted financial business performance. On a micro scale, BMT (Baitul Maal wat Tamwil) as a sharia microfinance institution is affected by the weakening of economic activity in the MSME sector. This is understandable because in its activities, BMT makes MSMEs its business partners. From a business aspect, the impact experienced by BMT is the emergence of various risks; increasing problematic financing, liquidity and operational risks. The results of this qualitative research show that; Firstly, business risks that arise at BMT NU Jawa timur Balung Branch and BMT UGT Nusantara Rambipuji Jember include financing risk, operational risk and liquidity risk. Financing risk is characterized by a high number of problematic financing. Meanwhile, operational risks are characterized by restrictions on access to the office, physical distancing, and increased operational costs. Meanwhile, liquidity risk is characterized by an abundance of funds in cash. Second, risk management at BMT NU Jatim Balung Branch and BMT UGT Nusantara Rambipuji Jember is carried out sequentially starting from risk identification, measurement, analysis and control activities. Based on this process, tactical steps are then developed to handle each aspect of risk. Financing risks include financing moratorium steps, intensive collection, restructuring and creating reserves for losses. Operational risks are approached by the issuance of new rules regarding office operating systems and rules related to the implementation of Health procedures.

Evaluation of Units Established for Curriculum Support: A Collaborative Action Research

The curriculum includes educational activities that determine the struggle for survival and sustainability of a university's departments. Approaches that seek more flexible solutions and have a post-positivist understanding are needed to manage this system. One of these approaches is action research, first used by Kurt Lewin (1946) to solve social problems. In this study, four offices were established to make the curriculum at a state university in Turkey more functional, and the contributions of regulating these offices with Collaborative Action Research (CAR) were discussed. The most valuable outcome of the study is that it has presented a model for collaborative teaching in higher education that can be used as a guide to support curriculum studies. On the other hand, CAR has made valuable contributions to office operations, collaboration, consultation, continuous improvement cycle, and problem identification (needs assessment). This research, which lasted for two years, has provided important services to participants in addressing current difficulties in office operations.

The Role of Digital Leadership in The Digitalization Transformation of The East Java District Attorney's Office in Improving Public Services Through The “SI PANDU” Application

Sustainable development that affects all organizations brings a new transformation that prioritizes IT adaptability and effective services. The need for effective and practical life services is the primary need of the global community today. Therefore, digital leaders, in this case, play a critical role in creating a digital transformation strategy at the East Java High Prosecutor's Office in a visionary and targeted manner by creating an application called SI PANDU, which integrates the external and internal operations of the East Java High Prosecutor's Office which also improves the quality of public services. Based on this background, this study aims to review how digital leaders at the High Prosecutor's Office are able to encourage innovation in the emergence of the SI PANDU application as a form of action against the sixteenth SDG's point. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literacy study approach to obtain in-depth results. From this study, the results were also obtained that digital leaders have three indicators mastered to create innovation, namely profoundly understanding people, digitalizing organization and driving and integrating tech trends. These three components exist in the East Java District Attorney's Office so that they can observe trends and follow their development to realise effective public services.

Exploring impacts of thermal and lighting conditions on office workers’ subjective evaluations, cognitive performance and EEG features in multi-person offices

Exploring impacts of thermal and lighting conditions on office workers’ subjective evaluations, cognitive performance and EEG features in multi-person offices

Membangun Sistem Kearsipan Berkualitas Untuk Mendukung Tata Kelola Kantor Yang Baik Di SD IT Al-Hijrah

This research aims to analyze building a quality archiving system to support good office governance. The method in this research is a qualitative research method. Interview data was transcribed and reviewed using thematic content analysis. The study reports key data themes that include improving operational efficiency, increasing transparency and accountability. In this way, researchers investigate how teachers can build a quality archiving system to support good office governance. The research results show that implementing an integrated and modern archiving system can reduce human error, speed up access to information, and increase transparency and accountability in office operations. Implementation of this system also plays an important role in increasing administrative efficiency and facilitating the achievement of overall organizational goals.

The Use of ICTs in Front Office Department

This research project investigates the effective implementation and impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) within the Front Office Department of hotels. The study aims to evaluate the contribution of ICTs to operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and overall performance in customer-facing organisational functions. Utilising a cluster sampling approach, incorporating surveys, and case studies, the research assesses the current usage of ICT tools, identifies challenges and opportunities, and proposes strategies for improved integration. The study explores the diverse ICT applications adopted by front office departments, including customer relationship management (CRM) systems, communication platforms, and data analytics tools. The research assesses the efficacy of these technologies in streamlining processes, enhancing communication, and cultivating a responsive and customer-centric environment. The findings offer valuable insights for both academic researchers and industry practitioners that are seeking a comprehensive understanding of the ways in which ICTs influence front office operations. The research not only highlights successful implementations but also addresses potential hurdles and considerations for hotels aiming to harness ICTs for optimal front office performance. Lastly, the study provides a solid foundation for future research and offers practical recommendations to guide hotels in elevating their front office capabilities through thoughtful ICT integration.

DESIGN OF INVENTORY MONITORING INFORMATION SYSTEM OF OFFICE EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES AT BAZNAS CITY OF BANDUNG BASED ON MACRO EXCEL (VBA)

BAZNAS, the National Amil Zakat Agency, is the official institution overseeing zakat management at the national level. In Bandung City, BAZNAS runs programs such as Healthy Bandung, Smart Bandung, Taqwa Bandung, and Caring Bandung, contributing to the city's prosperity. To streamline office operations, related institutions must conduct inventory activities for office equipment and supplies. However, BAZNAS Bandung City currently employs a manual inventory management system, involving paper-based recording, recapitulation, and individual input into Excel sheets, leading to inefficiency, security concerns, and data loss risks. Recognizing the need for improvement, a new information system has been designed using Microsoft Excel, Macros, and Visual Basic Applications. The design includes Data Flow Diagrams and Entity Relationship Data to enhance the management and monitoring of inventory data, ensuring data integrity and structured inventory activities. Project evaluations, following the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) principle, show that the system meets institutional needs and is user-friendly. Users are provided with a manual book during testing to enhance system understanding. While the trial results are positive, constructive feedback suggests the need for further feature enhancement to ensure smoother system operation and greater overall benefits. This information system aims to speed up and simplify inventory data management, bringing efficiency to BAZNAS Bandung City's operations.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ RPA СИСТЕМ ДЛЯ РОБОТИЗАЦІЇ ОБЛІКОВИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА ПІДРИЄМСТВАХ

The article explores Robotic Process Automation (RPA) as a technological solution that enables end-users to program or train software robots to perform various operations such as data processing, system interaction, and office tasks. It identifies typical office operations that can be automated using RPA and emphasizes that accounting processes can be effectively automated using robotic software agents. Key areas of accounting process automation are identified, including period closing, reporting, accounts receivable and payable, cash management, general ledger management, inventory, and others. Implementation cases of RPA from various sectors such as technology, printing, and manufacturing have shown significant positive results, including reduced processing time, cost savings, and improved efficiency and accuracy of processes. It is highlighted that the most frequently chosen processes for RPA are purchasing and selling and internal reporting, characterized by routine nature and lack of need for complex decisions. Automating such processes leads to significant productivity and accuracy improvements in accounting. The automation of processing incoming tax invoices is discussed. The benefits of automating accounting are examined, including reduced error risk, increased efficiency, time and resource savings, accuracy and compliance assurance, enhanced analytics, improved process management, greater visibility of results, geographical and cultural independence, and positive impact on employees. Preconditions, challenges, and risks affecting the expected outcome of RPA automation are analyzed. Key aspects to consider when implementing RPA include process design, compatibility with existing IT infrastructure, data security and confidentiality, support and maintenance, as well as task limitations.

Effectiveness of an ICT-Skills Enhancement Short Course Program for Barangay Functionaries ICT-Based Office Operation

In an era marked by rapid technological advancements, the role of local government officials and functionaries is transforming due to the growing integration of information and communication technology (ICT) into governance processes. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the ICT-Skills Enhancement Short Course program for enhancing ICT-based operations among Barangay Functionaries within the rural context of the 10 Barangays in the Municipality of Hagonoy, Davao del Sur. This study employed a descriptive-pre-experimental research design, specifically the one-group pre-test post-test design, to assess the effectiveness of the intervention by comparing participants' measurements before and after the intervention. Before the implementation of the ICT Skills Enhancement Short Course program, the descriptive rating indicated a developing stage, suggesting that participants had only acquired a minimum level of knowledge. Following the implementation, the participants’ level of skill transitioned from developing to proficient. Using a paired sample T-test, results revealed a significant difference in the level of skills before and after the implementation. These findings underscore the importance of adopting the ICT Skills Enhancement Short Course program to enhance government services in barangays.

BEST PRACTISES IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AMONG THE POLISH PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BODIES PARTICIPATING IN THE EMAS SCHEME

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present best practices in environmental management for offices, consistent with the sectoral reference document, implemented in the Polish public administration bodies participating in the EMAS scheme. Design/methodology/approach: The assumed research method was based on the analysis of secondary sources in form of environmental statements. The selection of sample was targeted and the research involved a complete analysis among 19 organisations conducting business activity identified with the NACE code 84, for which sectoral reference document introduced by the Commission Decision (EU) 2019/61 of 19 December 2018 is applicable. Additionally, each organisation runs office activities. The described analysis allowed to identify most frequently used practices oriented on reducing environmental impact of office operations. Findings: Most frequent practices identified among the research participants include printing on both sides, printing only necessary documents, electronic document flow, turning off redundant equipment and light, monitoring and reporting failures of water supply system, waste sorting and rational planning of commuting and business trips. Practices listed above can be implemented in organisations with different profile of activity, and also in households. Research limitations/implications: The described research was limited to a certain extent, because some organisations had not indicated environmental management practices in their reports, or listed only part of the implemented actions. Further research might focus on practices used in public administration bodies, e.g. in the area of mobility or sustainable energy and climate policy. Practical implications: The key input of the described research are examples of environmental management practices that could be implemented in organisations with different profile of activity and also in households. Social implications: This study presents examples of activities important for the fulfilment of the EU sustainability goals, mainly focused on the improvement of overall quality of life. Originality/value: The outcomes of the study can supplement previous research concerning the EMAS scheme with examples of specific solutions implemented in public administration bodies (and possible to implement in most organisations) in order to reduce the negative environmental impact.

Application of Interview Protocol Refinement Framework in Systematically Developing and Refining a Semi-structured Interview Protocol

A semi-structured interview is a data collection method used in qualitative inquiry. It involves the use of preconstructed questions to elicit information about a topic under investigation. A well-prepared interview protocol is an important tool for collecting quality data. Hence, preparing interview protocols and refining them to ensure precision and relevance is an important step to warrant the credibility and quality of data. This article discusses the steps taken to refine an interview protocol developed to conduct an analysis of the English language speaking skills needs of front office operators in the Maldives tourism industry. It describes the application of the Interview Protocol Refinement (IPR) Framework to refine the interview protocol. The four phases of the IPR Framework were used: (1) ensuring interview questions aligned with research questions, (2) constructing an inquiry-based conversation, (3) receiving feedback on the interview protocol, and (4) piloting the interview protocol. The application of the IPR Framework resulted in a fine-tuned interview protocol. The first phase helped to attain interview questions aligned with research questions. This phase helped in fine-tuning the interview protocol by ensuring that the interview questions aligned with the purpose of the research. The second phase allowed the building of an inquiry-based conversation that reflects the context of the research, thus creating an interview protocol designed to obtain specific information through conversation. The next phase aided in improving the protocol based on readers’ feedback. This phase helped in refining the interview questions by changing the content and wording of some questions and reordering them. The last phase resulted in conducting an interview in a real setting and testing the interview protocol. This helped to refine the interview protocol further by rephrasing interview questions for clarity, adding details to some questions, and modifying the linguistic composition of some questions. The IPR Framework involves an iterative refining process, thus enhancing the quality and trustworthiness of the interview protocol.

The Study of Performance of Provincial Governments: Does Frequent Transfer of Officials Matter?

Nepal is federal country with three levels of governments, viz. federal, province and local. Among these, province government is new structure and its performance is important for the stability of province and the federal system. The performance of province is mainly determined by the frequency of transfer of top level bureaucrats and the availability of the staffs in province ministry. This study establishes the relation between frequent transfer of top level bureaucrats, availability of staffs and the performance of province government further digging out other factors affecting the performance of province government. The purpose of the study is to examine data from secondary sources, focus groups, field observations, interviews with key informants, and other sources that includes both quantitative and qualitative data. The study established the relation between performances of province government with frequent transfer of top level bureaucrats of province ministries of Lumbini Province. There has been effect of such frequent transfer of the top level bureaucrats in the performance of Lumbini Province government to the large extent in planning, implementation, resource management, risk management, liability management, accountable management, effectiveness of office, coordination among other staffs and offices, and policy making. But the impact on daily office operation has been found very low. Federal and province governments are suggested to reduce the frequent transfer of top level bureaucrats and manage the full staffing condition of province ministries.

The operation of child welfare offices in the Scandinavian model in the light of international and Polish law

In the article, I will discuss the issues already examined by the institute regarding the rights of families in Scandinavian countries. I will take into account a few cases and look for an answer about the cause and effect relationship. The chapter on the history of the Scandinavian countries, regarding sterilization laws and eugenics policy, will be important.

시도교육청 교원정원 운영 현황 분석 및 진단 방안 연구

The purpose of this study is to present an analysis and diagnosis model for reviewing the appropriateness of the teacher quota operation of the local education offices to improve the efficiency of teacher operation and to prepare a reasonable national-level teacher allocation plan. To this end, 21 detailed indicators (drafts), including basic quotas, appropriate size, future education, and appropriateness of supply and demand plans, were presented through analysis of the operation and diagnosis of teachers' quotas at the metropolitan and provincial offices of education. In addition, an analysis model was developed using the number of students and schools as predictors to analyze the adequacy of teacher quotas at the metropolitan and provincial offices of education. Using the regression coefficients derived from the analysis results, the expected and actual quotas for teachers by the metropolitan and provincial offices of education were compared to present changes in areas that under- and overcrowded teacher quotas, and proposed ways to utilize the analysis results. As a result of the study, first, it was necessary to upgrade the data management system related to the designation and index of analysis specialized institutions for the adequacy analysis and diagnosis of teacher quota allocation at the metropolitan and provincial offices of education, second, the introduction of a minimum teacher allocation system, and third, improvement of teacher allocation methods in overcrowded classrooms or new schools, and finally, transparency of teacher allocation standards and methods by metropolitan and provincial offices of education.

Human Resource Accounting Methods And Practices In India - Conceptual Framework

Human resource accounting (HRA) has very high significance not only for the management, but also for analyst and even for employees. It helps management in better utilization, planning management of human resources in the organization while for analyst, Even today, when a good deal of work has been done in this field, it is very much unfortunate that there is not only set pattern or generally accepted method either for valuation of human resource or for their recording in books of accounts or for the disclosure of information by means of different statements. Human resource is one of the most important back office operations of any organization or business. The skills, creativity and ability of human beings cannot be replaced by machines. No machine can ever come up with a unique advertising idea without the human input. Thus companies must learn to recognize and appreciate the value of their employees. This paper highlights the significance of Human resource valuation and methods to measures human assets value. This paper also describes true costs of planning and recruitment and depicts the limitations of human resource accounting.

PENGARUH MANAJEMEN TALENTA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR CAMAT TEMBILAHAN HULU KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR

This research aims to examine the influence of talent management and work motivation on employee performance at the Tembilahan Hulu Subdistrict Office, Indragiri Hilir Regency. The research results show that talent management has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Implementation of effective talent management strategies, such as the introduction and development of potential employees and the placement of employees based on their skills and interests, contributes positively to employee performance. Apart from that, work motivation also has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, such as a sense of accomplishment, responsibility, recognition, and financial incentives, provide additional encouragement for employees to achieve better performance. The practical implication of this research is the importance of developing effective talent management policies and programs and creating a work environment that supports employee motivation. By implementing this strategy, it is hoped that employee performance can be improved, which in turn will have a positive impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of office operations and increase public trust in the services provided.