Odontaspis Ferox Research Articles

Historical and Contemporary Occurrence of Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) (Lamniformes: Odontaspididae) in Turkish Seas, with New Records from the Region

Historical and Contemporary Occurrence of Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) (Lamniformes: Odontaspididae) in Turkish Seas, with New Records from the Region

Centralized red muscle in Odontaspis ferox and the prevalence of regional endothermy in sharks.

The order Lamniformes contains charismatic species such as the white shark Carcharodon carcharias and extinct megatooth shark Otodus megalodon, and is of particular interest given their influence on marine ecosystems, and because some members exhibit regional endothermy. However, there remains significant debate surrounding the prevalence and evolutionary origin of regional endothermy in the order, and therefore the development of phenomena such as gigantism and filter-feeding in sharks generally. Here we show a basal lamniform shark, the smalltooth sand tiger shark Odontaspis ferox, has centralized skeletal red muscle and a thick compact-walled ventricle; anatomical features generally consistent with regionally endothermy. This result, together with the recent discovery of probable red muscle endothermy in filter feeding basking sharks Cetorhinus maximus, suggests that this thermophysiology is more prevalent in the Lamniformes than previously thought, which in turn has implications for understanding the evolution of regional endothermy, gigantism, and extinction risk of warm-bodied shark species both past and present.

Northerly range expansion and first confirmed records of the smalltooth sand tiger shark, Odontaspis ferox, in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Three Odontaspis ferox (confirmed by mtDNA barcoding) were found in the English Channel and Celtic Sea in 2023 at Lepe, UK (50.7846, -1.3508), Kilmore Quay, Ireland (52.1714, -6.5937), and Lyme Bay, UK (50.6448, -2.9302). These are the first records of O. ferox in either country, and extend the species' range by over three degrees of latitude, to >52° N. They were ~275 (female), 433 (female), and 293 cm (male) total length, respectively. These continue a series of new records, possibly indicative of a climate change-induced shift in the species' range.

Updated Checklist of Chondrichthyan Species in Croatia (Central Mediterranean Sea)

Almost half of all chondrichthyan species in the Mediterranean Sea are threatened with extinction, according to the IUCN Red List. Due to a substantial lack of access to data on chondrichthyan catches in the Mediterranean Sea, especially of threatened species, the implementation of conservation measures is extremely insufficient. This also concerns the Adriatic Sea. Here we present a detailed and up-to-date assessment of the species occurring in Croatian waters, as the last checklist of chondrichthyans in Croatian waters was conducted in 2009. Occurrence records from historical data, literature and citizen science information have been compiled in order to present a comprehensive list of species occurrences. We found 54 chondrichthyan species between 1822 and 2022, consisting of a single chimaera, 23 rays and skates, and 30 shark species. Here, four additional species are listed but are considered doubtful. Five species are reported here for the first time for Croatian waters that were not listed in the survey from 2009. Nearly one-third of the species reported here are critically endangered in the entire Mediterranean Sea, based on the IUCN Red List. Additionally, we revisited the Croatian records of the sandtiger shark Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810 and discussed its potential confusion with the smalltooth sandtiger shark Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810). Our results thus provide novel insights into the historical and current distribution patterns of chondrichthyan fishes in the Croatian Sea and provide a basis for further research as well as conservation measures.

The dentition of the extinct megamouth shark, Megachasma applegatei (Lamniformes: Megachasmidae), from southern California, USA, based on geometric morphometrics

Megachasma applegatei is an extinct megamouth shark (Lamniformes: Megachasmidae) commonly found in late Oligocene‒early Miocene marine deposits of the western USA, that is known only from isolated teeth exhibiting odontaspidid tooth design. In this study, we investigated the tooth morphometry of the extant megamouth shark (Megachasma pelagios) and smalltooth sandtiger (Odontaspis ferox: Odontaspididae) to aid in the reconstruction of the dentition of M. applegatei based on the tooth morphometry of 207 isolated fossil teeth from the lower Miocene Jewett Sand of southern California. Our landmark-based geometric morphometric analyses show that M. applegatei not only possesses a wider morphological range of teeth than M. pelagios, but also has morphological variation that can be corresponded to different tooth types in O. ferox, forming a unique heterodont dentition typical for macrophagous lamniform sharks known as the ‘lamnoid tooth pattern’. Therefore, our study suggests that the dentition of M. applegatei could have also exhibited the lamnoid tooth pattern. In order to reconstruct the dentition of M. applegatei, specific tooth specimens plotted on the morphospace of M. applegatei were selected by identifying teeth of specific tooth types in the corresponding morphospaces of M. pelagios and O. ferox. However, because the total number of teeth per each dental series cannot be ascertained, we generated three sets of reconstructed dentition for M. applegatei. The first set modeled the dentition of O. ferox, the second set representing an intermediate form between O. ferox and M. pelagios, and the third set mimicking the dentition of M. pelagios, with the assumption that the true dental pattern for M. applegatei lies somewhere between the first and third tooth sets, possibly close to the second set. This study represents the first case of using geometric morphometrics to reconstruct the dentition of an extinct shark.

First Confirmed Record of the Smalltooth Sand Tiger, Odontapis Ferox, in Galicia (NW Spain)

The smalltooth sand tiger shark Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) appears to have an extensive and fragmented distribution in tropical and warm-temperate worldwide oceans. One female of O. ferox was caught and released by a small-scale fishery vessel in Ría de Arousa (Northwest of Spain), subsequently stranded still alive on the coast (42°33’18.4"N 8°49’18.3"O) after a few hours. The individual (336 cm total length, weight ~ 300 kg) was identified based on a collection of features including the characteristic dentition, body morphology and by molecular assignment. This is the first confirmed record of O. ferox in Galician waters. This finding complements the knowledge of the geographic distribution and occurrence of this rare and sparse species in the Northeastern Atlantic.

New record of smalltooth sand tiger Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) in the Mediterranean

AbstractOne shark was landed at the Naval Base Pasha Liman, Bay of Vlore, Albania, the Adriatic Sea. Photographic records only enabled the specimen to be placed in family Odontaspididae or Carchariidae. Later examination of the preserved head, dry jaw and dentition identified the specimen as Odontaspis ferox. This is a rare record and the northernmost Mediterranean observation of this species, and the first Adriatic record for several decades.

New records of the ragged-tooth shark, Odontaspis ferox, from the western North Atlantic Ocean, with a summary of regional occurrences

Four new records of the ragged-tooth shark (Odontaspis ferox, i.e., smalltooth sand tiger), are reported from recreational and commercial fisheries in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Two specimens of unknown sex were caught in the recreational swordfish (Xiphias gladius) fishery in the northern Gulf of Mexico [about 225 and 250 cm total length (TL)], a mature male was caught in the South Atlantic Bight (about 200 cm TL) by an angler targeting barrelfish (Hyperoglyphe perciformis), and another mature male was caught in the Sargasso Sea off Bermuda (about 275 cm TL) by a commercial fisher targeting Atlantic wreckfish (Polyprion americanus). All four specimens were incidentally caught on rod-and-reel and released alive. The Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Bight specimens reported herein contribute to the limited number of ragged-tooth shark interactions in these regions, while the observation in Bermuda is the first documented record for this locality.

The complete mitogenome of the Critically Endangered smalltooth sand tiger shark, Odontaspis ferox (Lamniformes: Odontaspididae)

Here, we report the first complete mitochondrial genome for the smalltooth sand tiger shark, Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810). The circular mitochondrial genome was found to be 16,682 bp in length and contains 37 genes, a control region and the replication origin of the L-strand (OL). The base composition of this mitogenome is 32.6% A, 23.3% C, 12.8% G, and 31.3% T. Phylogenetic analysis of Lamniformes indicates that O. ferox did not group with Carcharias taurus and so the taxonomic classification of Odontaspididae needs to be revised. This study promotes conservation genetics for this poorly studied shark species which is listed critically endangered in the Mediterranean Sea.

ANALYSIS OF SUPERIOR COMMODITIES OF MARINE CAPTURE FISHERIES IN CENTRAL BANGKA REGENCY, INDONESIA

This research aims to analyze the superior commodities of catch fisheries subsector in Central Bangka Regency. The method that was used in this research is descriptive method. The analysis approach which were used are Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share analysis (SSA), and Typology Klassen (TK). Based on the results of the research, the catch fisheries subsector in Central Bangka Regency is a potential and non base subsector, but growing faster in The Province of Bangka Belitung Islands. Based on the results of the analysis of LQ, SSA and TK acquired the superior commodities of catch fisheries in Central Bangka Regency consists of 11 commodities seen from production (tonnes) and value of the production (Rp). These types of fish are mullet, black-barred halfbeak, indian mackerel, scad fish, smallfin gulper shark, smalltooth sand tiger, dorab wolf-herring, tonguesole fish, sharpnose hammer croaker, crabs, and swimming crabs. Based on the results of this research recommended to continue to maintain the conditions of the fishing ground for the 9 types of fish caught, keep the fishing trip so that production is maintained for regional income and increasing the welfare of fishermen in Central Bangka Regency.

First record of the ragged-tooth shark, Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810), in the Venezuelan Caribbean

One specimen of the ragged-tooth shark, Odontaspis ferox, was caught by a commercial shark fishery to the north of Cape Codera (10° 56′ N, 66° 02′ W), northeastern Venezuela. The specimen (sex unidentified, ~ 180 cm TL, ~ 30 kg) was identified on the basis of its dry jaw and characteristic dentition: which comprise teeth moderately large, with prominent narrow cusps and two or three pairs of lateral cusplets. This is the first record of O. ferox in the Venezuelan Caribbean, and this finding complements the knowledge of geographic distribution of this rare species in the Western Central Atlantic.

Catching of a Large Specimen of Smalltooth Sand Tiger Odontaspis ferox (Odontaspididae) near the Southern Part of Walvis Ridge (Southeastern Atlantic)

Catching of extremely large (520 cm) specimens of smalltooth sand tiger Odontaspis cf. ferox (Odontaspididae) near the southern part of Walvis Ridge (Southeastern Atlantic open waters) is documented for the first time. This species was found earlier in the Atlantic Ocean in the near-continental waters and island regions of the northeastern Atlantic from the Bay of Biscay to Morocco, including the Mediterranean Sea. In the open waters of the southeastern Atlantic, the species was not recorded previously.

Occurrence of the vulnerable smalltooth sand tiger shark, Odontaspis ferox , in the Canary Islands, first evidence of philopatry

Occurrence of the vulnerable smalltooth sand tiger shark, <i>Odontaspis ferox</i> , in the Canary Islands, first evidence of philopatry

A molecular approach towards taxonomic identification of elasmobranch species from Maltese fisheries landings

The mitochondrial genome, through the application of DNA barcoding, provides a powerful tool for identifying species even when specimens are either incomplete or belong to species that exhibit cryptic diversity. In fisheries management accurate identification of whole or part of the specimens landed is a fundamental requirement for the conservation of species affected directly or indirectly by the fisheries activities. In this study cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) sequences were used to genetically distinguish 36 elasmobranch species collected from Maltese (Central Mediterranean) commercial fisheries landings. Each species was analysed using these two mtDNA loci where COI (610bp) and ND2 (990bp) efficiently distinguished between the various species studied, leading to the identification of 101 haplotypes, with the intraspecific p-distance ranging between 0 and 0.75% (mean 0.10%, SD ±0.13%). This study enhances the molecular data available on elasmobranchs by providing new ND2 sequences for various species, while providing both COI and ND2 data for poorly studied Mediterranean species including: the large pelagic sharks Alopias vulpinus, A. superciliosus, Carcharhinus altimus, C. plumbeus, Carcharadon carcharias, Isurus oxyrinchus, Prionace glauca and Odontaspis ferox; the smaller demersal sharks Somniosus rostratus, Squatina aculeata, S. oculata and Squalus sp.; and the endemic stingray Dasyatis tortonesei. It also confirmed the landings of species whose identification relies strongly on molecular tools, namely Squalus sp. and D. tortonesei, which are both first confirmed records amongst Maltese fisheries landings. Morphologically, the latter two species, can be easily misidentified with S. blainville and D. pastinaca respectively. Additionally, this study evaluated the genetic differences between different polychromatic forms of Raja clavata, R. radula and Dipturus oxyrinchus. Based on the currently analysed specimens, no significant genetic differences were found between the various forms and thus no further speciation within the species was identified.

Elasmobranchs observed in deepwaters (45-330m) at Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica (Eastern Tropical Pacific)

Isla del Coco is an oceanic island 500km off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. It is a National Park and its marine fauna has been relatively well protected. The island is famous for its elasmobranch (sharks, rays and skates) sightings in shallow waters. Here we present a catalogue of the deepwater elasmobranchs observed with the DeepSee submersible. Five species of sharks, six species of skates and one ray have been observed between 45 and 330m depth. Triaenodon obesus, the white tip reef shark, was commonly observed between 80 and 301m, but only in the afternoons. Sphyrna lewini, the scalloped hammerhead shark, was observed as deep a 303m, but commonly between 45 and 90m, and close to the island. Odontaspis ferox, the smalltooth sand tiger shark, was observed between 82 and 316m. Echinorhinus cookei, the prickly shark, was observed between 91 and 320m. Rhincodon typus, the whale shark, was observed only close to the island, between 77 and 80m. Taeniura meyeni, the marbled ray, was observed only close to the island, between 45 and 90m. A Dasyatis sp., similar to the the diamond stingray, was observed only once close to the island at 60m; this is the first report of this genus at Isla del Coco National Park. Manta birostris, the giant manta, was only observed close to the island at 90m. Mobula tarapacana, the sicklefin devil ray, was observed between 60 and 326m, extending its maximum depth almost 10 times what has been reported. Aetobatus narinari, the spotted eagle ray, was observed only close to the island between 60 and 82m. Torpedo peruana, the Peruvian torpedo ray, was observed only once at 313m, and is the first record of this species from Isla del Coco National Park. Citation: Cortés, J., A. Sánchez-Jiménez, J.A. Rodríguez-Arrieta, G. Quirós-Barrantes, P.C. González &amp; S. Blum. 2012. Elasmobranchs observed in deepwaters (45-330m) at Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica (Eastern Tropical Pacific). Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (Suppl. 3): 257-273. Epub 2012 Dec 01.

NUEVOS REGISTROS DE PECES DE ESQUELETO CARTILAGINOSO PARA EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO Y UNO COMO AMPLIACIÓN DE SU DISTRIBUCIÓN GEOGRÁFICA EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO PARA BOCAS DE CENIZA, DEPARTAMENTO DE ATLÁNTICO, COLOMBIA

Three new records of cartilaginous fishes are added and the area of distribution of one species is expanded for the Colombian Caribbean. These are: the bramble shark Echinorhinus brucus (Bonaterre), the sand tiger shark Odontaspis ferox (Risso), the roughtail stingray Dasyatis centroura (Mitchill) and the bluntnose sixgill shark Hexanchus griseus (Bonaterre). The animals were captured by artisanal fishermen from Las Flores, Barranquilla, using long-lines, at Bocas de Ceniza, next to the mouth of the Magdalena river (Atlántico Department), Colombian Caribbean

First record ofOdontaspis ferox(Risso, 1810) in the temperate south-eastern Indian Ocean from in situ observations in a deep-water canyon using baited video

Journal of Applied IchthyologyVolume 33, Issue 1 p. 133-135 SHORT COMMUNICATION First record of Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) in the temperate south-eastern Indian Ocean from in situ observations in a deep-water canyon using baited video C. M. Wellington, Corresponding Author C. M. Wellington claire.wellington@fish.wa.gov.au Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia Correspondence Claire Wellington, Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. Email: claire.wellington@fish.wa.gov.auSearch for more papers by this authorC. B. Wakefield, C. B. Wakefield Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, WA, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorW.T. White, W.T. White CSIRO National Research Collections, Australian National Fish Collection, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author C. M. Wellington, Corresponding Author C. M. Wellington claire.wellington@fish.wa.gov.au Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia Correspondence Claire Wellington, Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. Email: claire.wellington@fish.wa.gov.auSearch for more papers by this authorC. B. Wakefield, C. B. Wakefield Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, WA, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorW.T. White, W.T. White CSIRO National Research Collections, Australian National Fish Collection, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 07 November 2016 https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13190Citations: 5Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume33, Issue1February 2017Pages 133-135 RelatedInformation

Homology of Lateral Cusplets in the Teeth of Lamnid Sharks (Lamniformes: Lamnidae)

Teeth are a potentially rich source of character data for phylogenetic studies of living and fossil sharks, but there are many uncertainties about the homologies of tooth loci as well as structural details of teeth in different taxa. Here, we provide new developmental data on the so-called lateral cusplets of the teeth in Lamniformes. We studied the five living species of Lamnidae (Lamna nasus, L. ditropis, Isurus oxyrinchus, I. paucus, and Carcharodon carcharias) and a more basal lamniform, the Sand Tiger Carcharias taurus, using light microscopy and micro-CT scanning. We also studied a single skeletal specimen of the smalltooth Sand Tiger, Odontaspis ferox. Structures in the teeth of juvenile White Sharks, C. carcharias, were interpreted as lateral cusplets in some previous studies, but we show that they develop differently from lateral cusplets in the teeth of Lamna and Carcharias. We conclude that the structures in Carcharodon are not homologous to the lateral cusplets of Lamna and Carcharias taurus a...

Composition of glycosaminoglycans in elasmobranchs including several deep-sea sharks: identification of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate from the dried fins of Isurus oxyrinchus and Prionace glauca.

Shark fin, used as a food, is a rich source of glycosaminoglyans (GAGs), acidic polysaccharides having important biological activities, suggesting their nutraceutical and pharmaceutical application. A comprehensive survey of GAGs derived from the fin was performed on 11 elasmobranchs, including several deep sea sharks. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were found in Isurus oxyrinchus, Prionace glauca, Scyliorhinus torazame, Deania calcea, Chlamydoselachus anguineus, Mitsukurina owatoni, Mustelus griseus and Dasyatis akajei, respectively. CS was only found from Chimaera phantasma, Dalatias licha, and Odontaspis ferox, respectively. Characteristic disaccharide units of most of the CS were comprised of C- and D-type units. Interestingly, substantial amount of CS/dermatan sulfate (DS) was found in the dried fin (without skin and cartilage) of Isurus oxyrinchus and Prionace glauca. 1H-NMR analysis showed that the composition of glucuronic acid (GlcA) and iduronic acid (IdoA) in shark CS/DS was 41.2% and 58.8% (Isurus oxyrinchus), 36.1% and 63.9% (Prionace glauca), respectively. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of this CS/DS consisted of E-, B- and D-type units. Shark CS/DS stimulated neurite outgrowth of hippocampal neurons at a similar level as DS derived from invertebrate species. Midkine and pleiotrophin interact strongly with CS/DS from Isurus oxyrinchus and Prionace glauca, affording Kd values of 1.07 nM, 6.25 nM and 1.70 nM, 1.88 nM, respectively. These results strongly suggest that the IdoA-rich domain of CS/DS is required for neurite outgrowth activity. A detailed examination of oligosaccharide residues, produced by chondroitinase ACII digestion, suggested that the IdoA and B-type units as well as A- and C-type units were found in clusters in shark CS/DS. In addition, it was discovered that the contents of B-type units in these IdoA-rich domain increased in a length dependent manner, while C- and D-type units were located particularly in the immediate vicinity of the IdoA-rich domain.

Summary of South American records of the smalltooth sand tiger shark Odontaspis ferox (Chondrichthyes: Odontaspidae), with the first record from Chilean waters

Observations, photographs, and video footage of a 337 cm total length female smalltooth sand tiger shark, Odontaspis ferox made at a depth of 348 m on the northern slope of San Ambrosio Island in the Desventuradas Islands (26°19.456′S 79°52.281′W) on 25 February 2013 represent not just the first record of this species in Chilean waters, but the first in the entire south-eastern Pacific Ocean, marking a tremendous range extension of this species. We also summarize the few known occurrences of this species along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of South America.