Odessa Region Research Articles

THE ROLE OF PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS IN PROVIDING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE TO INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ODESSA REGION)

The article presents the results of a study on determining the role of public organizations in providing social assistance to internally displaced persons on the example of Odesa region. The concepts of «social assistance» and «social assistance to internally displaced persons» are defined. A diagnostic cross-section was carried out on the basis of administrative service centers during monitoring visits to communities, which covered IDPs of Zatyshansk, Bolgradsk, Znamyansk and Sergiivsk communities of Odessa region. Also, the survey was conducted directly among social workers of the public organization «Tenth of April». The purpose of the article is to conduct research on determining the role of public organizations in providing social assistance to internally displaced persons on the example of Odesa region. The research used questionnaire and semi-structured interview methods. The results of the survey showed that: a large part of respondents (78%) experience financial difficulties; 65% are satisfied with their level of adaptation to life in the host community, although they do not rule out that the situation could have been better; the most acute security problem in the respondents' previous places of residence was the destruction of property due to military actions (78%); respondents' most important needs are access to housing and employment, as well as basic needs such as food and clothing; the main types of assistance that public organizations can provide are assistance in finding a job, filing documents, receiving social benefits, care for the elderly and people with disabilities, support for families with children, psychological support, etc. Also, the majority of respondents (52%) experience difficulties in obtaining assistance due to a lack of information about available services, the procedure for obtaining them, contacts of public organizations, etc. Based on the results of the research, the authors developed a number of conclusions and recommendations addressed to state authorities, local self-government and civil society organizations.

Spread of quarantine plant pests in Ukraine

Goal. Of article is analyse of spreading dynamics of insect species with the quarantine status for Ukraine territory based on data of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection. Methods. The work used official data on the distribution of plant quarantine organisms, which were interpreted using the analytical and comparative method of research. Results. The development of insect species with status of locally presented (list A-2 of the List of regulated harmful organisms) and species with status of absent (list A-1) in Ukraine was detected during 2015—2023. By data of State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection, the areal of American white moth, western corn rootworm and South American tomato moth have increased, while the spreading area of potato moth, and western flower thrips have decreased. These species have status of locally presented in Ukraine. The Mediterranean fruit fly belongs to list A-1, but its spreading area was detected in Odessa region during 2015—2023, and from 2022, some increase of spreading was noted. State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection fixes the increasing of tobacco whitefly (list A-1) area. The rapid spread of emerald ash borer are noted in Ukraine from 2019, and brown marmorated stink bug are presented in Ukraine in 2023. Conclusions. According to the results of the analysis of the distribution of quarantine insect species, an increase in the areas inhabited by American white moth, western corn rootworm, South American tomato moth, Mediterranean fruit fly, tobacco whitefly, as well as the appearance of the previously absent emerald ash borer and brown marmorated stink bug on the territory of Ukraine were established. In order to prevent the spread of quarantine pests, business entities whose activities may contribute to the spread of quarantine organisms must strictly adhere to the state policy in the field of plant quarantine.

Features of body balance in 12-year-old schoolchildren with visual deprivation compared to their relatively healthy peers

Purpose. The purpose of the presented scientific research was to carry out a comparative analysis of the state of functional balance of the body of 12-year-old schoolchildren with visual deprivation in accordance with their relatively healthy peers. Material & Methods. The scientific study involved 23 schoolchildren aged 12 years, of which 13 were with visual deprivation and 10 were relatively healthy. The pedagogical research took place at the Educational and Rehabilitation Center “Zorozvit” in Odessa and at the Basic Educational Institution “Vypasnyansky Institution of General Secondary Education” of the Mologovo Village Council of the Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky District, Odessa Region. The follo wing methods were used in the study: theoretical (analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature); pedagogical research (experiment and testing of the development of body balance using the Flamingo test), mathematical static data processing. Results. A scientific study found that among schoolchildren without visual deprivation, only 10% had a low ability to maintain body balance. In turn, 90% of schoolchildren with visual deprivation had a sufficient, satisfactory and high level of development of body balance. It should be noted that schoolchildren with visual deprivation demonstrate a low level of ability to maintain balance, which distinguishes them from their peers without visual deprivation.

Modern principles of development and increase of the competitiveness of tourist activities of the Odessa region

Currently, one of the guarantors of the region's economic stability is the development of tourism. The rapid growth of the tourism industry and significant cash receipts actively affect various segments of the economy and contribute to the formation of the tourism industry. The development of domestic tourism is a significant source of income for local economies, ensures the creation of jobs, promotes self-employment of the population, and contributes to the development of regions. In this vein, the study of the peculiarities of the development of domestic tourism in the regions and the increase of the competitiveness of tourist activity in the conditions of current realities is not just important, but urgent. The publication's purpose is to engage you, the reader, in the research of the specifics of development and assess the competitiveness of tourism in the Odesa region. Your interest and involvement in this study are crucial for its success and for the advancement of the tourism industry in the Odesa region. The results. The article examines the essence and nature of the popularity of tourism at the regional level. The essence of tourism is determined; it is substantiated that it affects the world economy and is dependent on crisis phenomena. It has been studied that our country is an attractive destination for tourism from all over the world; the tourism sector continues to need help with difficulties and focuses mainly on domestic tourism to safe regions. It is noted that the Odesa region is one of the most popular regions of Ukraine for tourism and recreation. Odesa's tourist and recreational potential, the leading economic indicators of tourism such as the contribution to GDP, employment generation, and foreign exchange earnings, the dynamics of the number of subjects of tourist activity, and the dynamics of the payment of the tourist tax have been studied. It is substantiated that tourism needs to rethink the directions of specialization and diversification of tourist services with an orientation, first of all, on domestic tourism in the context of increasing its competitiveness. Conclusions. The analysis of tourist activity in Odesa shows that the region is developing in tourism, which, in turn, brings income to the regional budget and contributes to forming a favorable reputation of the region as an attractive tourist destination. Therefore, the development of regional tourist destinations and the formation of their tourist attractiveness is extremely important in order to achieve the goals of the region's socio-economic development in the conditions of growing competition in the market of tourist services. Keywords: tourism, tourist activity, competitiveness of tourism, region, tourist destination

A FEW MYTHS ABOUT BUDZHAK YAMNA CULTURE

Graves of the North-West Pontic were identified by N. Merpert into a spe­cific cultural version of the Yamna cultural-historic entity community (Мерперт, 1974). Later on, L. Klein referred them to a particular “Nerushay” culture, which I. Cherniakov renamed into the “Late Yamna Budzhak” culture1. In our view, the specificity of the Budzhak culture was manifested already at its formation stage, which allows synchronizing it with the Yamna cultural-historical region in gen­eral: 3100-2200 BC and not only with the late Yamna period. Two stages in the genesis of the Budzhak culture can be identified: the early and the late, with the boundary within the range of 2600/2500 BC. To date, almost 600 Eneolithic and Early Bronze barrows have been excavated in the North-Western Pontic Region; about 3000 burials of the Budzhak culture have been found. It is significant that, three fourth of the barrows were built by Budzhak tribes themselves, while in oth­er cases they used Eneolithic or Usatovo mounds. Five main positions of the buried body can be identified (fig. 1): Some researchers distinguish up to 50 positions of the buried person, de­pending on the position of the hands and the inclination of the skull (Яровой, 1985). Others consolidate all variants of the position into three poses: supine, on the right side, on the left side, or even into two poses: supine, on the side. Certain grave goods are often associated with the buried in certain position, allowed the identification of "ritual groups". Some finds are common to different groups. There are suppositions that the differences between the groups are chrono­logical, and connected with living in different geographical zones – steppe and forest-steppe. There is an opinion that people of Budzhak/Yamna culture inhabit­ed only the area between the Carpathian and Dniester Rivers. It is also assumed that the eastern border between the Budzhak/Yamna culture and the Southern Bug variant of the Yamna culture is carried out on the border of Mikolaiv and Odessa region of Ukraine. The author attributes these assumptions to the myths about the Budzhak/Yamna culture.

СТРАТЕГІЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОЇ СТАЛОСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНО-ЗНАЧИМОЇ КЛАСТЕРНОЇ ЛІКАРНІ

The article considers the main results of the last stage of the reform of the public health system, its structural restructuring and the creation of hospital districts in Ukraine, considers in more detail the Odessa region and its features. The normative legal acts on which the reform system is based are considered, as well as the results obtained in the Odessa region as of 20.12.2023. The structure of the Odessa hospital district and the features of its construction are investigated. As of 20.12.2023 in Ukraine, 19 regions have formed capable hospital networks, which include 562 institutions, of which 123 are super-clustered hospitals, 157 cluster HCFs and 282 general health care institutions. In the Odessa region, the capable network of the Odessa hospital district included: 7 cluster districts, 5 supercluster hospitals, 13 cluster hospitals, 20 general hospitals. In addition to primary care and emergency medical care facilities, 38 specialized medical care facilities were included. Methodological or regulatory support for the development of such documents neither the CMU, nor the Ministry of Health or health departments provide. Therefore, we proposed a reference model for developing a strategic development plan that can be used for a cluster or general hospital. The reference model for formation of the strategy of organizational development and constancy is offered. In which the structural process of describing the main elements of the strategy for the development of HCV is provided, an approximate example of performing a SWOT analysis for a cluster hospital is given. The passport of description of business processes and indicator, which contains information about business directions, units of measurement, method of calculation, data sources, multiplicity of data collection and methods of verification, criteria of evaluation of data in dynamics, responsible persons and owners of business processes, and its fragment is given. It also considers what should be included in operational annual plans to ensure the necessary effectiveness and viability of the strategy. There are no strict requirements for a strategic plan for the development of a health care institution. This will allow institutions to adapt plans to their real needs, develop and adjust documents that will help develop according to an understandable scenario and measure results.

Academician Vladimir Laskarev (1868-1954) and Paratethys

Vladimir Laskarev (1868?1954) Russian and Serbian geologist strongly influenced geological literature by introducing a scientific term Paratethys for the series of intercontinental water basins separated from the Mediterranean Sea and the World Ocean by the Alpine orogeny. Laskarev?s scientific activity in the Russian Empire (1890?s ? 1919) was based in the University of Odessa. As an active university professor Vladimir Laskarev contributed to the geological mapping of the western provinces of Imperial Russia and to regional Neogene geology and paleontology of the Odessa and Bessarabian regions. Several of Laskarev?s students became well?known geologists and paleontologists during the Soviet era. Vladimir Laskarev?s contribution to geological studies in Serbia between 1920?1953 is extremely important. During his life in Belgrade, he published twice as many papers on various aspects of Neogene and Quaternary geology and paleontology. His most important contribution is certainly the official introduction of the term Paratethys into geological science. The steady spread of this term in scientific literature began in the early 1940?s and reached its peak in 1970?1980?s during international Neogene correlation and mapping projects.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO UTILIZING WATER INFRASTRUCTURE IN RESORT ECONOMY

Topicality. The article is dedicated to the analysis of existing international experience in developing business activities utilizing water infrastructure. It explores the resort economy of Israel in comparison with Ukraine, using the city of Odesa as an example. The focus is on the similarities in demand for recreation and experiences, as well as disparities in water infrastructure provision between the two.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to analyze and incorporate the best world practices in resort economy to align with global trends and a competitive environment. The tasks of the article include identifying the infrastructure components for water supply in the resort economy, identifying disparities in the water management system of the Odessa region, and outlining strategies to overcome these disparities.Materials and Methods. The theoretical framework of the research was formed through the method of analysis and clarification of concepts. To identify key disparities in the water infrastructure that supports the functioning of the resort economy, statistical and comparative methods were employed.Research results. The article establishes that ensuring the population of the Odessa region with drinking water is one of the most crucial issues that must be addressed to preserve health, improve living conditions, and enhance the quality of life for the region's residents. The development of the Odessa region as a resort area is impossible without providing quality services for the supply of safe drinking water and access to modern wastewater systems. A key aspect of improving water resource management is the experience of Israel in implementing a self-financing system in the water sector, covering not only the supply of drinking water to urban populations but also servicing all participants in the water cycle.Conclusion. Water resource management is a key factor in the development of the resort economy. Innovative solutions such as wastewater treatment, desalination processes, and sustainable water management policies will enable meeting the growing demand for water while conserving limited natural resources. By combining institutional reforms with pricing mechanisms based on full cost recovery, promoting operational efficiency and implementing practical public-private partnerships, whereby direct budgetary subsidies in the resort economy sector can be phased out and self-financing of the water sector achieved.

INNOVATIVE DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES OF A MODERN MINIWINERY TAKING INTO AC-COUNT THE TERROIR FOR PINOT NOIR

The article presents a brief overview of scientific works that were aimed at studying the influence of terroir, harvest and technology on the quality and specificity of wine. Modern scientific methods for identifying wines from different regions are considered. Modern studies by Chinese oenologists have shown that a number of trace elements in wine (Cu, Zn and Mn) can be an indicator of the region of origin of the wine. Scientists from Australia, New Zealand, the USA, France and Portugal have also obtained interesting results in the identification of wines of different vintages and terroirs. Scientists have shown that the originality of table wines of specific regions and subregions can be determined on the basis of modern highly sensitive methods of analysis (spectroscopic methods for studying compounds using the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance; combined methods with the joint use of NMR and the study of the target differential sensor matrix; fluorescent methods for determining the content of amino acids and amines, methods of cluster analysis, etc.). When determining the terroir for red wines, many researchers in different regions of our planet paid special attention to the Pinot Noir variety. This is due to the fact that for this particular variety, terroir plays a huge role in shaping the style of the future wine. At the Vinoman winery, together with the Odessa National Technological University, a comparative analysis of red table wines Pinot Noir from three terroirs of the southern part of the Odessa region was carried out. In addition, as part of the master's qualification work, an innovative project for the reconstruction of an existing enterprise was proposed, which involves the implementation of the gravitational principle of winemaking. The project takes into account the features of the area, climatic conditions and the range of products. Particular attention was paid to the implementation of all of the above aspects in the technology for the production of high-quality red table wines Pinot Noir. As a result of the work carried out, physical and chemical indicators were studied and a sensory analysis of the wines of the Bolgrad, Izmail and Reni terroirs was carried out. Based on the data obtained, preliminary conclusions were made about the prospects for the production of red table wines Pinot Noir at the Vinoman enterprise from certain terroirs in the south of the Odessa region.

Собиратели гагаузских коллекций Российского этнографического музея

The article analyzes the collecting activities of the Russian Ethnographic Museum employees and amateur local historians of Bessarabia, who have been gathering collections on the Gagauz people ethnography for a century. This fund contains over three hundred material monuments, archival, illustrative and photographic materials on the Gagauz migrants who lived in the territory of Novorossiya (and subsequently in the south of Moldova and in the Odessa Region of Ukraine). Of particular interest is the fact that collecting the materials which characterise the material and spiritual culture of the Gagauz people took place over a long period of time in the same villages. This allows us to trace the dynamics of the development of everyday culture of the Gagauz ethnic group.

Sentinel-2 water indexes application for the underground water level analyses in Ovidiopol area of Odessa region

Studied area has a high level of agricultural development. There are different irrigation and drainage systems located there. Significant part of the supplied water losses from the irrigation network because of filtration and reaches the groundwater level, which begins to rise. Control and analyses of groundwater level changes with remote sensing methods for Ovidiopol area is the main goal of that work. The object of study is the groundwater level regime in the territory of Lower Dniester irrigation system in Ovidiopol district, Odessa region. The subject of research is water indexes application for analyses of groundwater level changes. The local system of groundwater observation includes 7 drillholes in Nadlimanskoe village and around. These drillholes located in different geomorphological, hydrogeological and technogenic conditions. The groundwater level was surveyed monthly in 2017. Sentinel-2 2A images for each month from March 2017 to December 2017 were used for studied area. All satellite images has atmospheric correction. Three water indexes NDWI, MNDWI, NDPI were calculated for drillhole points for each month in 2017 year. Significant correlation coefficients obtained in comparison between groundwater level changes and water indexes in some drillholes points. The highest numbers of correlation connected with free of construction areas and for drillholes, which are located outside of villages.

Бабки-повитухи, Бабин день и дети в ритуальных практиках албанцев Буджака и Приазовья в ХХ — начале XXI в.

The study addresses the status of women involved in childbirth, as well as the role of ritual practices associated with Babin Day (Babos Dita), in the past and present among the descendants of Albanian colonists in Budzhak and the Sea of Azov — with the main focus on the analysis of ways to express gratitude to those who know from the local community. The study aims to identify the conditions and mechanisms for the preservation of archaic beliefs and the entry of innovations into the traditional sphere. The nature of the holiday held in honor of midwives, which is also widely celebrated in the Balkans (primarily in Bulgaria), today does not have a narrowly oriented sexual or gender orientation, but is closely related to fertility. All available options for motivation and scenarios for holding a holiday come from the common root of festive rituals, which is based on the desire to glorify a woman’s ability to bear children. The research, based on the author’s long-term field observations, carried out from 1998 to 2022 both on the territory of Ukraine and Russia, and in the Balkans, allows us to conclude that the Albanians of Budzhak and the Sea of Azov, whose ancestors migrated from the Balkan Peninsula and the islands of the Archipelago in the last quarter of 18th (modern Rostov region) — the beginning of the 19th century (present-day Odessa and Zaporozhye regions), retained the same beliefs and ritual, as well as magical practices, which were largely unchanged from the time of their residence in the area of exodus. The analysis of these practices will help us understand a way to preserve traditions.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE CREATION OF ETHNOGRAPHIC PARK "SHKODOVA MOUNTAIN" IN ODESSA

The article examines ethnographic parks, open-air museums and cave settlements of Ukraine for the relevance of creating an ethnographic park in Odessa.
 Tourist centers of territorial tourism systems are, as a rule, historical settlements that have valuable objects of cultural heritage and are determined according to the List of Historical Settlements of Ukraine. The role of tourist centers, in addition to historical settlements, is played by almost all regional cities, which, in addition to monuments, also have notable objects of modern architecture. Most ethnographic parks and open-air museums are located in the northwestern part of Ukraine. One of the most famous open-air museums of our country is the National Museum of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine, better known as the Pirogov Museum, which is located in the village of Pirogov, Kyiv region. The open-air Ethnographic Museum "Frumushyka-Nova Bessarabian Village" (2008) has only recently appeared in Odessa region. Another interesting type of settlement found on the territory of our country is Cave settlements (fortresses, cities and monasteries), the most famous "Cave Cities" are located in Crimea. On the mainland of Ukraine, cave settlements are mainly represented by "Cave monasteries". Odessa "Shkodova Mountain" is the center of Usativ culture, on the top of the mountain there is the Usativ cemetery and the Usativ burial mound, at the foot of it – another Cossack cemetery and the famous "Cave Houses" – unique historical monuments of the end of the 18th century, which need to be preserved as a unique cultural heritage of the Cossack era in Odessa. This territory, with appropriate natural and landscape resources within the settlement, which has a natural landscape, historical monuments, a beach and bathing area (a good location on the shore of the Khadzhibey estuary) and the presence of recreational facilities (Sanatorium "Kuyalnik"), can become a wonderful a short-term recreation area for tourists and residents of Odessa.
 All this indicates the urgency of creating an ethnographic museum in the city of Odessa called "Shkodova Mountain", taking into account the historical and archaeological value of this territory.

Environmental regulation and economic justification of integrated water resources management in the region

A study of ecological and economic approaches to the creation of a system of integrated integrated water resources management at the basin level is presented. As an example, the basin of the Kuyalnitsky estuary of the Odessa region is considered. To create a system of integrated management of the territory's water resources and assess individual components of the water balance, methodological economic and environmental approaches were used. The work used an ecosystem approach based on the notion that "nature is an equal partner". Water resources management took into account their significant transformation under the influence of water management, as well as operational data on the hydrometeorological characteristics of the Kuyalnitsky estuary. The results obtained show that the development of an integrated water resources management system should be based on a general calculation of all components of natural and anthropogenic influence, which allows balancing the assessment of water resources and developing a rational management system.

Evoluția presei de limbă română din Regiunea Cernăuți din ultimele două decenii

The Romanian-language press in the Chernivtsi region has undergone profound transformations in the last 20 years. If at the beginning of the 2000s various written publications were operating in the north of Bukovina, there were live broadcasts on public television and radio stations, and there was some competition at the level of cultural magazines, at the moment is the Romanian-language press much poorer. Following the gradual cessation of funding of the Romanian-language press by the Ukrainian state, first some regional newspapers disappeared, then the district ones. At the present there is no national publication of the Romanians from the Chernivtsi, Transcarpathia and Odessa regions. The reform of denationalization of the print media in Ukraine also collaterally affected the Romanian-language publications: from 2019, Ukraine does not finance any Romanian publication. The press that remained on the market adapted quite hard to the new socio-economic realities. Following the development of the online information space, a number of publications were left without subscribers. The magazines supported by the Romanian Government in the Chernivtsi region are increasingly poorly financed, the problem of staff shortages and the reduction in the number of readers appears. The general picture of the Romanian information space in Ukraine indicates an involution.

HISTORICAL CRUISE TOURISM IN UNESCO BIOSPHERE RESERVES: «CHERNOMORSKIY « & «DANUBE DELTA»

(Cooperation of the Scientific foreign languages Circle in honor of the Honorary President Mrs Halyna Semenivna Dimova (Shutko) «History of the Izmail Red Cross» and the Faculty of Geology and Geography оf Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University) Problem statement and Purpose. The south of Ukraine has unique natural and historical treasures. The article analyzes the possibility of combining natural resources included in the World Network of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves and forgotten facts from the international history of the First World War, which took place in their water areas and adjacent territories, in cruise tourism. Taking into account the interest to the French language of the participants in the educational process, the Faculties of Romance and Germanic Philology, History and Philosophy, Geology and Geography, International relations, political and social studies the Circle explores various issues, including historical cruise tourism. The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities of combining the use of the direction of historical tourism of the work of the Scientific Circle related to niche local cruise tourism, the study of the possibility of including accumulated historical facts in the development of tourist routes of the domestic and international level within the interdisciplinary context of the French-language training of masters in the specialty 242 Tourism, specializations tourist service, with an orientation to the modern market of educational services. The task is to solve theoretical issues, in particular, to reveal the essence and content of local historical niche cruise tourism, the possibility of including local heroic historical heritage in existing cruise routes, both national and international, with scientific coverage and publication of the article in a specialized scientific publication on the specialty 242 Tourism. Data & Methods. The material is archival documents and publications of researchers-historians, local historians and museum workers of Odessa region, french language scientific academic publications of international official websites, where scientific international publications of the Circle are posted, which can be used by master’s, learning French. Since 2013, the Interdisciplinary University Circle in Foreign Languages «History of the Izmail Red Cross» began its activities thanks to the initiation and assistance of its Honorary Chairman (according to the European tradition – Honorary President) – Halyna Semenivna Dimova (Shutko), Chairman of the Izmail Organization of the Red Cross (2002–2018), Member of the Board of the Odessa Regional Organization of the Red Cross of Ukraine (2002–2018), holder of the highest distinction of the Red Cross Society of Ukraine – «Vis Humanitatis!», Honorary Distinction of the Odessa State Regional Administration, other awards. In 2021, unfortunately, she left this world, but her name continues to live in the activities and name of the Circle. Methods of analysis, analogy, deduction are used, as well as the axiomatic method and philosophical methods of explaining the inconsistency and complexity of the development of intercultural interactions. Results. The use of the Danube Delta and the 0-kilometer of the Black Sea for the development of historical cruise tourism on the principles of active promotion of the preservation of historical heritage, creating a sense of pride and responsibility among the local population, which coincided with the scientific research of cruise tourism at the second (master’s) level under the guidance of the Department of Economic and Social Geography and Tourism, which in the longer term can contribute to the development of the Tourism Development Program based on the use of this unique historical heritage of the area. The project of historical cruise tourism in the UNESCO biosphere reserves of the South of Ukraine of the Scientific Circle «History of the Izmail Red Cross» together with the Department of Tourism can become a unifying project, which will allow to present an original domestic tourist product. This will increase the economic component, a new impetus for the development and renewal of territories. In peacetime, it is Tourism, that will allow us to revive our country.

СЕЙСМОСТІЙКІСТЬ ВЕЛИКОРОЗМІРНОГО РЕЗЕРВУАРУ ДЛЯ ЗБЕРІГАННЯ МЕТАНОЛУ

The paper contains the methods of analytical modeling of the seismic loads at the large-sized tanks in the form of impulsive and convective hydrodynamic pressures of the liquid. Have been performed the simulation of the stress-strain state of the tank by the finite element method basis on the developed mathematical models of seismic impact. The simulation takes into account the distortion of the tank’s geometry, obtained as a result of long-term operation and reduction in the strength of tank structures due to corrosive wear. Have been considered the generally accepted foreign method for calculating seismic resistance for assessing the strength and durability of tank’s building structures. The method is adapted to the requirements of national standards. Have been revealed that the most dangerous state for the tank is seismic action with a horizontal direction cosine as a result of the analysis of possible design situations. Have been performed the numerical calculations using the proposed method of analytical modeling of seismic impact for a tank with a volume of 20 000 m3, built in the Yuzhny city, Odessa region. Have been determined the estimated height value of the excited wave, which can appear on the surface of methanol during a seismic shock. Have been proven that in order to preserve the integrity of the roof structures, as well as to ensure the seismic resistance of other structures, the filling of the tank with the product should be limited to 61% of the total design capacity. Have been verified the most overloaded sections of the shell, which are the supporting layers of the side wall, as well as the most probable limit conditions during a seismic shock (buckling).Have been developed the technological regulations for further safe operation of tank based on seismic resistance and outlined directions for further scientific research on this topic.

NITROGEN FEEDING OF WINTER PEAS AT THE SPRING VEGETATION RE-COVERY STAGE

In a field experiment from 2020–2023 on the southern chernozems of the Odessa region of Ukraine, we studied the effect of the doses and timing of mineral nitrogen application when growing winter peas on the tuberization process and crop productivity. Mineral nitrogen in doses of 30, 45 and 60 kg/ha in the form of ammonium nitrate was applied in different development phases of winter peas under seedbed cultivation: foliar top dressing with urea solutions during the resumption of spring vegetation, the budding phase and the beginning of grain filling. Winter pea of the Enduro variety was sown annually on October 20, with a row spacing of 15 cm and a rate of 1.2 million germinating seeds per hectare. The previous crop was winter wheat. The conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine for winter sown peas were shown for the first time. The introduction of mineral nitrogen at a rate of 30–60 kg/ha into the soil during sowing inhibited the formation of nodules from the active spring growth phase. The mass of nodules on the roots of pea plants decreased by 30–50% compared to the control variant without nitrogen application. The same norms of mineral nitrogen introduced in early spring during the resumption of vegetation on the leaf in the form of aqueous solutions did not have a negative impact on tuberization. The correlation coefficient between the dose of mineral nitrogen and the number and weight of nodules did not exceed 0.37, indicating a weak relationship between these indicators. The share of influence of mineral nitrogen norms did not exceed 13.7%. With this method of application, the nitrogen content in the vegetative mass of winter peas exceeded the control variant by 18–27%.

QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF OILS FROM KERNELS OF VARIOUS APRICOT CULTIVARS OF THE ODESA REGION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CRAFT TECHNOLOGY

It has been studied whether the kernels (endocarps) of stones obtained from apricots grown in the Odessa region (the cultivars Shablovsky, Kyivsky Ananasny, Ananasny Tsyuryupinsky, and Krasnoshchoky, and their mixture, 25 % of each variety) are prospective raw materials for fat-and-oil and beauty products. The study provides a basis for a craft technology of producing oils from the kernels of stones of various apricot cultivars harvested in the region in 2020, 2021, and 2022. The most suitable cold pressing modes (extra virgin) have been chosen for kernels obtained from different cultivars. Crushed apricot kernels should be wet-treated and heat-treated at 40–50 °C for 15–20 min. During extraction by pressing, it is recommended that the crushed kernels (mash) should not be heated above 50—60 °C for 5–7 min. The effectiveness of pressing has been established: the kernels of stones of the cultivars Shablovsky, Kyivsky Ananasny, Ananasny Tsyuryupinsky, Krasnoshchoky (harvested in 2020, 2021, and 2022) and their mixture contained 33–47 % of oil. The thickness of an oilcake piece determines the effectiveness of pressing extraction. The thinner the oilcake piece, the more effective the pressing is: the time of resistance to stress, the pressing force, and the loading rate are significantly reduced, and the produce of oil increases. Thus, the parameters of the pressing extraction stage most effective for the kernels of all the apricot cultivars are: residual oil content in the oilcake 5.0–6.0 %, oil yield 94.0 %, oilcake thickness 33.0 mm, time of resistance to stress 3.0 min, pressing force 10.0 kN, loading rate 5.0 kN/cm. The proposed technological mode of producing oils allows retaining the original fatty acid composition of the raw material to a maximum extent. The fatty acid composition of oils produced from the kernels of apricot stones and their mixtures (harvested in 2020, 2021, and 2022) being determined, the results have shown that the difference in ω-6 PUFA was 2.9 % and that in ω‑9 MUFA was 7.1 %, depending on the cultivar.

Smoking prevalence among adults in households with children: parental survey

The effects of tobacco smoke and nicotine on the health of adults and children remain one of the most burning problem in our days. In 2019 the prevalence of active smoking in Ukraine reached 42.0 among men and 14.4% among women. The negative effects of second-hand tobacco smoke exposure are most significant in children under 5 years of life, especially in families with smoking mothers. The goal of the study was to assess the current smoking prevalence in families with children, including the use of modern electronic nicotine delivery devices. A self-reported survey of 414 families living in Odessa and Odessa region (Ukraine) was conducted. All questionnaires were divided into two groups depending on the presence of tobacco smoke exposure. To asses the factor's relevance the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used. The prevalence of smoking in families was associated with the age of the father up to 30 years (16.13 [95% CI 11.54–22.09]%; OR 2.73 [1.42–5.25]), mother’s and father’s low education lever (OR 2.73 [1.42–5.25] and 2.70 [1.64–4.44]), as well as with the residence of the family in the city (OR 4.30). The prevalence of smoking exposure was not associated with the income level or number of household members. The prevalence of smoking in women before pregnancy was more than 20%, and during pregnancy – 10%. After delivery women smoked in 23.91 (95% CI 20.06-28.25)% of cases. Proportion of families where smoked someone other than the mother reached 42.75 (95% CI 38.08–47.56)%. Other family members smoking negatively affected mothers’ tobacco consumption, both before and after childbirth. After pregnancy, women used both smoked tobacco and noncombustible forms of nicotine (51.52 vs 48.48%) with the same frequency. Other family members consumed smoking tobacco more often than e-cigarettes. All smokers who used electronic nicotine delivery devices more likely smoked at home (OR 5.33 [95% CI 0.53–54.04]).