Occurrence Of Occupational Injuries Research Articles

Occupational Injuries among Health Care Workers in Selected Hospitals in Ogbomosho, Oyo State

Occupational injuries present significant risks to health care workers (HCWs) in Ogbomosho, Oyo State, affecting those in some of the most productive years of their lives. This descriptive cross-sectional study assesses the types and associated factors of such injuries among 312 HCWs using self-structured questionnaires. Findings indicate that a majority of HCWs experience physical, biological, and chemical injuries, strongly influenced by factors like inadequate safety training and lack of protective equipment. Statistical analysis reveals significant correlations between the occurrence of occupational injuries and factors such as the years of experience (p = 0.000) and the work environment conditions. The study underscores the need for improved safety protocols and preventive measures, including regular training and adequate provision of personal protective equipment, to mitigate these risks and enhance worker safety.

Prevalence of occupational injuries and associated factors among workers of textile and garment factories during the era of COVID-19 pandemic in mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Occupational injury is any personal injury that can lead to disease, disability, or death due to accidents sustained by workers while performing their work. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of occupational injuries and associated factors among workers of textile and garment factories in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia during the era of COVID-19. A cross-ectional study was conducted among 348 Textile and Garment factories in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia on September and October 2020. Data were collected using a semi-structured face-to-face interview questionnaire by trained data collectors and supervisors. Occupational injury was assessed by a yes/no question "Have you had any injury related to your occupation in the last 12 months?."Epi Data version 3.1 was used to enter data and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 was used for data analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the independent determinants of occupational injury, and variables with p < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. The annual prevalence rate of occupational injury among textile and garment factories was 27.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 23.2-32.9%). Factors like being a male (AOR = 3.65; 95% CI = 1.92-6.92), job satisfaction (AOR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.11-0.43), sleeping disorder (AOR = 3.47; 95% CI = 1.91-6.32), job stress (AOR = 2.62; 95% CI = 1.44-4.73), and safety and health training (AOR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.22-0.74) were significantly associated with the occurrence of occupational injury. Expectedly, lockdown during COVID-19 could lead to absenteeism and reduced prevalence of occupational injuries as the outcome of this study.

Analytical illustration of occupational injuries between 2019 and 2020 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

In recent times, Saudi Arabia has experienced growing industrialisation and more opportunities for business requires more human capital if it is to become one of the largest economies in the world and such growth brings with it some health issues. The study aimed to provide analytical illustration of occupational injuries among the workforce in Saudi Arabia. To accomplish the study purpose, four measurements were carried out, the occurrence of occupational injuries, the severity of occupational injuries, the patterns in occupational injuries, and the occupational injuries in relation to the demography of the injured employees. A retrospective study was designed based on a secondary data of occupational injuries (OI) that was obtained from the General Organization for Social Insurance. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the occurrence and the outcome of OI. Multivariate regression was applied to the patterns in OI and to those injuries in relation to the demography of the injured employees. Within two years, Riyadh Province had the highest occurrence of OI (30.6%). Construction and Elementary occupations had the highest occurrence of OI (36.3% and 45.7% respectively). Injuries' occurrence differed significantly between months. Fridays significantly associated with low injuries. Among demography, injuries differed significantly in relation to the employees' age. There was no noticeable decrease in death cases from an earlier local study while they were less compared to other nations (Turkey and South Korea). Compared to other nation, Islamic holidays that are characterized by heat waves were not associated with increased OI. Preventive measures are insufficient.

Occurrence of Occupational Injuries and Within Day Changes in Wet Bulb Temperature Among Sugarcane Harvesters

ABSTRACT Objective Climate change has implications for human health worldwide, with workers in outdoor occupations in low- to middle-income countries shouldering the burden of increasing average temperatures and more frequent extreme heat days. An overlooked aspect of the human health impact is the relationship between heat exposure and increased risk of occupational injury. In this study, we examined the association between occupational injury occurrence and changes in outdoor temperatures through the workday among a cohort of Guatemalan sugarcane harvesters. Methods Occupational injuries recorded for the 2014/2015 to 2017/2018 harvest seasons were collected from a large agribusiness employing male sugarcane harvesters in Southwest Guatemala. Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) for the same period was collected from the El Balsamo weather station. We used a logistic mixed effects model to examine the association between injury occurrence and (1) the average WBGT during the hour injury was recorded, (2) the average WBGT during the hour prior to the injury being recorded, and (3) the change in the hourly average WBGT prior to the injury being recorded. Results There were 155 injuries recorded during the study period. Injuries were recorded most often between 14:00 and 16:00 (n = 62, 40%) followed by 8:00 and 10:00 (n = 56, 36%). There were significant differences in the average hourly WBGT and the hour in which injuries were recorded (p-value <.001). There were no observable associations between average hourly WBGT (OR: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.94, 1.05; p-value: 0.87), lagged average hourly WBGT (OR: 1.01, 95%CI: 0.97, 1.05; p-value: 0.71), or change in average hourly WBGT (OR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.89, 1.04; p-value: 0.35) and recorded occupational injury. Conclusions This is the first study that has examined how changes in WBGT throughout the day are related to occupational injury among agricultural workers. Although this study did not demonstrate an association, there is a need for future research to examine how various measurements of WBGT exposure are related to occupational injury in agricultural worker populations.

Investigation on occupational injury of sanitation workers in Shenzhen City

Objective: To understand the occurrence of occupational injuries among sanitation workers in Shenzhen, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of occupational injuries among sanitation workers. Methods: From May to November 2020, a cluster sampling method was used to select some street sanitation workers in Shenzhen to conduct a questionnaire survey. A total of 2200 questionnaires were recovered, of which 2167 were valid (98.5% effective recovery rate) . The socio-demographic data, length of service, type of work and occurrence of occupational injuries of sanitation workers were collected, and the distribution characteristics of occupational injuries and their relationship with factors such as type of work were analyzed. Results: Among the 2167 sanitation workers, 240 (11.1%) had experienced occupational injuries. The most common occupational injuries among sanitation workers were sharp injury, heat stroke and motor vehicle traffic accident, with the incidence rates of 6.1% (133/2167) , 2.4% (53/2167) and 1.7% (36/2167) respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of occupational injuries among sanitation workers with different lengths of work and types of work (P<0.05) . The incidence of occupational injury among sanitation workers with more than 5 years of service was significantly higher than that of workers with less than 5 years of service (P<0.05) . The incidence of sharp injury among garbage sorting and transportation personnel was higher (7.9%, 21/265) , the incidence of heat stroke among manual cleaners was higher (3.1%, 42/1366) , and the incidence of motor vehicle traffic accident among mechanized cleaners was higher (5.4%, 10/184) . Conclusion: There are many cases of occupational injuries among sanitation workers in Shenzhen. Targeted measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of different types of work and different types of occupational injuries, and to improve the occupational health level of sanitation workers.

A Two-Year Study On Non-fata l Work-relat ed Injuries among Workers in Different Occupati ons

Introduction: The working environment of millions of people is unsafe. Workrelatedinjuries (WRIs) are associated with bad sequels at individual, community, andorganizational levels at the same time they are preventable and modifiable occupationalhealth issues. Aim of work: To assess the demographic characteristics and patternof reported non-fatal occupational injuries in Assiut Governorate and to identifysome correlates of these types of injuries. Materials and methods: A record-basedretrospective descriptive study was conducted and included all workers (226) with nonfataloccupational injuries who were registered to the Health Insurance Organization(HIO) - the Branch of Assiut Governorate during the years 2018 and 2019.For everyinjured worker, data were collected regarding: age, gender, residence, occupation ofthe worker, site of work, the injured part of body, nature of injuries, event leading toinjury and its outcome. Results: Mean age of the study workers was 39.57± 9.57years.The largest number of non-fatal occupational injuries in our study was reported fromconstruction sectors (50.4%). As regards the injury type, fractures constituted 44.7% ofthe total injuries followed by contusions and bruises (23.9%). Workers’ falling (51.8%),struck by blunt objects (16.4%) and accidents (15.9%) were the most commonly reportedcauses of injuries. Feet and hands were the most frequently body sites injured (30.5%and 25.2%). Workers’ falling and feet affections were statistically significantly higheramong healthcare workers (80% and 53.3%) while struck by blunt objects and handsinjuries were statistically significantly higher among manual professionals (25.9% and35.2%). The occurrence of disabilities among the non-fatal occupational injuries was8.4%. Regarding the pattern of non- fatal injuries according to sex, incisions (26.1%)and fractures (47.8%) significantly occurred among males, while sprains/strains and joint affections (33.3%) occurred among females. Conclusion: The largest number ofnon-fatal occupational injuries in our study was reported from construction sectors.There was difference in pattern of injuries and disabilities occurrence according tosex, work sector and occupation. Therefore, it is important to implement successfuloccupational health programs to prevent occurrence of occupational injuries especiallyat high risk work sectors and promote safer work practices for workers in these sectors.

Risk assessment of priesthood as an occupation in the religious city of India

Background: Ujjain being a holy city with 327 registered temples, large numbers of people are indulged in priesthood as an occupation. Priests are more vulnerable for health-related problems as priesthood demands some characteristic working environment, i.e. closed, damped, smoky, noisy and crowded workplace. Aim of the study was to assess workplace environment of the priest along with occurrence of occupational injuries.Method: A cross-sectional study done on registered Hindu priests. Total sample size was 440. Simple random sampling was done. Self-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire including parameters like problem felt, job satisfaction, stress felt, working hours and occupational injuries were used for data collection by personal interview.Results: 256 (58.2%) study participants encounter occupational injury. Problems felt at their workplace were- overcrowding 259 (58.9%), improper drainage system 48 (10.9%), unsafe drinking water 44 (10%), air pollution 25 (5.7%), inappropriate waste disposal 24 (5.5%), poor ventilation 24 (5.5%), no sick-room 8 (1.8%) and no toilets 8 (1.8%). Out of 440 study participants 132 (30.0%) were not satisfied with their job due to-less financial support 96 (22%), long duration of working hours 20 (4%) and stressful relations with co-workers 16(4%). 136 (30.9%) of study participants were stressed at their workplace. Statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) association was seen between occurrence of occupational injuries and age, job satisfaction, working hours (overtime) and stress felt.Conclusion: Most of the problems felt by study participants along with occupational injuries and job dissatisfaction occurred due to poor financial support, long working hours and stressful relations with co-workers.

Excess Mortality Due to External Causes in Women in the South African Mining Industry: 2013-2015.

Mining is a recognized high-risk industry with a relatively high occurrence of occupational injuries and disease. In this study, we looked at the differences in mortality between male and female miners in South Africa. Data from Statistics South Africa regarding occupation and cause of death in the combined years 2013–2015 were analyzed. Proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) were calculated to investigate excess mortality due to external causes of death by sex in miners and in manufacturing laborers. Results: Women miners died at a significantly younger age on average (44 years) than all women (60 years), women manufacturers (53 years), and male miners (55 yrs). There was a significantly increased proportion of deaths due to external causes in women miners (12.4%) compared to all women (4.8%) and women manufacturers (4.6%). Significantly increased PMRs were seen in car occupant accidents (467, 95% confidence interval (CI) 151–1447), firearm discharge (464, 95% CI 220–974), and contact with blunt objects (2220 95% CI 833–5915). Conclusion: This descriptive study showed excess deaths in women miners due to external causes. Road accidents, firearm discharge, and contact with blunt objects PMRs were significantly increased. Further research is required to confirm the underlying reasons for external causes of death and to develop recommendations to protect women miners.

Nonfatal Occupational Injuries among Workers in Microscale and Small-Scale Woodworking Enterprise in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background Microscale and small-scale industries have been widely expanded in low-income countries, including Ethiopia, as a job opportunity for young workers, which makes workers vulnerable to injury. Woodworking is one of the high-risk jobs in this sector due to the use of hazardous tools and machineries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of injury and associated contributing factors of this sector. Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 634 workers selected from 194 microscale and small-scale woodworking enterprises in Addis Ababa. Data were collected using a structured interview questionnaire and observation checklist from February to March 2016. Occupational injuries were documented according to the ILO operational definition. Descriptive statistics and multivariable analyses were used to characterize the data and to identify the factors associated with injury at a p value <0.05, respectively. Result A total of 625 (98.6%) workers were interviewed. The prevalence of occupational injury was 92 (14.7%) in the past 12 months. Workers with khat chewing behavior (AOR: 2.25, 95% CI (1.04, 4.85)), job dissatisfaction (AOR: 2.89, 95% CI (1.75, 4.76)), work-related stress (AOR: 4.79, 95% CI (1.69–13.58)), job categories (AOR: 3.52, 95% CI (1.08, 11.41)) and workplace characteristics such as unguarded machines (AOR: 3.32 (1.21, 9.11)), and inadequate work space (AOR: 3.85 (1.14, 13.04)) were significantly associated with occupational injury. Conclusion The prevalence of nonfatal occupational injuries among workers in this study was substantially high. Workers' behavior, psychosocial issues, and work-related characteristics played a causal role in the occurrence of occupational injury. Therefore, workers' safety protection and behavioral intervention should be initiated.

Workplace injury and associated factors among construction workers in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia

BackgroundThe construction industry is one of the most hazardous working areas, where the highest number of labourers engaged. However, the predisposing factors for occupational injury in the construction sites in Ethiopia are not well investigated. This study was, therefore, conducted to assess the magnitude of occupational injury and associated factors among construction workers in Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 566 construction workers. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study subjects. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and observation checklist. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables significantly associated with occupational injury on the basis of adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p < 0.05.ResultsThe overall prevalence of work-related injury in 3 months prior to the survey was found to be 39% (95% CI = 35.0–43.1%). The occurrence of occupational injury was associated with single workers [AOR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.25, 0.97], longer service year [AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.72–4.53], poor attention to work [AOR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.33, 5.29], working with vibrating hand tools [AOR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.19, 8.76], no aware about occupational hazards [AOR = 4.66, 95% CI = 1.99, 10.87], and alcohol consumption [AOR = 3.16, 95% CI = 2.09, 4.79].ConclusionHigh prevalence of occupational injury was reported in the study area. Cut and fall were the leading causes. Marital status, service year, attention to work, use of vibrating hand tools, awareness about occupational hazards, and drinking alcohol were identified as factors associated with occupational injury. Therefore, health and safety trainings have to be taken place to aware workers about occupational injury and safety issues. Regular workplace supervision and provision of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) are also needed to prevent occupational injury. The findings of this study are useful to design and implement injury prevention strategies in the country. The study also contributes to the current literature as health and safety information is limited, especially in developing countries.

Determinants of occupational injuries among building construction workers in Kampala City, Uganda

BackgroundGlobally, about 1000 people die and close to 860,000 people sustain injury at work daily. Injury prevention and control require contextual evidence, although most studies in Uganda have focused on general causes. Factors associated with occupational injuries among building construction workers were assessed in this study.MethodsA cross-sectional study among building construction workers was conducted in Kampala, Uganda. A standardized semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Three hundred nineteen (319) participants were randomly and proportionately selected from 57 construction sites. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the variables while generalized linear modeling was used to estimate the crude/adjusted prevalence ratios.ResultsThe prevalence of occupational injuries was 32.4%. Most injuries, approximately 70% occurred among nightshift workers. Age of ≤24 years (APR: 2.09 CI: 1.20–3.65, P = 0.009); daily income in or above the second quartile−USD ≥3.2 (APR: 1.72, CI: 1.06–2.80, P = 0.028); job dissatisfaction (APR: 1.63, CI: 1.17–2.27, P = 0.004); job stress (APR: 1.72, CI: 1.22–2.41, P = 0.004); poor safety environment (APR: 1.51, CI: 1.10–2.05, P = 0.009); PPE provision (APR: 1.47, CI: 1.05–2.05, P = 0.02) and routine use of PPE (APR: 0.57, CI: 0.34–0.95, P = 0.03) were significantly associated with occupational injuries.ConclusionThere was a relatively high prevalence of injuries mostly resulting from cuts and mostly suffered on night duty. Upper and lower extremities were the most hurt parts of the body during injury leading to loss of a substantial number of productive days. This could affect the health and wellbeing of construction workers. Most of the factors significantly associated with occupational injuries are modifiable thus an opportunity to address the problem. Efforts towards integrating education for behaviour change, advocacy and training workers to demand for their rights to safe and protection at work and legislation enforcement can help reduce occupational injury occurrence.

A web-based design for occupational safety and health capability maturity indicator

It has been established that design contributes to the occurrence of occupational injuries and illnesses in the construction sector. This has resulted in the need for designers to implement design for occupational safety and health (DfOSH), which is required by legislation in some countries. Consequently, designers (as individuals or organisations) should seek to mitigate occupational safety and health (OSH) risks through design. In order for design firms to do this effectively, they need to have the capability in respect of implementing DfOSH. However, there is a paucity of empirical studies on DfOSH capability as well as a robust mechanism for ascertaining the DfOSH capability of design firms. Drawing on the capability maturity concept combined with the application of expert group techniques, this study develops a novel web-based DfOSH capability maturity model that enables the assessment of the DfOSH capability of design organisations in the built environment. The model captures 18 DfOSH organisational capability attributes mapped onto five stages of capability maturation which are further contextualised by the incorporation of maturity level indicator examples in order to enable ease of use of the model. Results of the model evaluation confirm the model’s usefulness. Design firms could apply the model to self-assess their capability in order to understand the areas of capability deficiency and strength. Client organisations could also use the model as part of pre-qualification arrangements in selecting design firms with the needed DfOSH capability.

Lesiones ocupacionales y el “síndrome del estudiante” (o procrastinación) en un gran proyecto de construcción

Introduction: There is a higher occurrence of injuries on the first working days of the week, and between 13:00 and 17:00 hours. An association between some special dates and changes in the occurrence of deaths or diseases have been described in different countries and regions. Our hypothesis was that completing contractual obligations with a company may become triggers that increase the occurrence of occupational injuries. Methods: Injury records were analyzed and consolidated monthly payroll reports (from January 2012 to September 2013) for personnel operations who worked in companies that were involved in a megaproject to build a road in Colombia. This analysis reports a possible association between dates of financially important contractual milestones and a higher occurrence of occupational injuries. One-tailed binomial tests were used to compare the occurrence of injuries one and two months before and one month after four deadlines, corresponding to 14, 3, 1 and 1% of the overall budget, respectively. Results: The highest occurrence of injuries was observed during the month before the deadline corresponding to 14% of the budget (p=0.07). Discussion: Contractual milestones could act as distal determinant whereas human errors are proximal determinants of injuries.

Burden of occupational morbidity from selected causes in the United States overall and by NORA industry sector, 2012: A conservative estimate.

Timely and reliable national estimates of the occurrence of occupational injury and illness are needed to monitor the burden of occupational morbidity and mortality, establish research and intervention priorities, and evaluate the progress and effectiveness of prevention efforts. We provide updated estimates of morbidity from occupational injuries and selected illnesses, using current general population incidence rates, the proportion of the general public with a particular workplace exposure, and the relative risk of illness from that exposure. We provide estimates for the total U.S. working population and for specific industry sectors. We estimate that, in 2012, between 5 712 362 and 5 961 620 total occupational cases, including 0.7 to 1.0 million incident illnesses and 5.0 million injuries, occurred in the United States. The variety of disparate data sources and methods required to compile these estimates highlight the need for more comprehensive and compatible occupational health surveillance in the United States.

Design for occupational safety and health: key attributes for organisational capability

PurposeAgainst the backdrop of the contribution of design to the occurrence of occupational injuries and illnesses in construction, design for occupational safety and health (DfOSH) is increasingly becoming prominent in the construction sector. To ensure that design interventions are safe for construction workers to build and maintain, design firms need to have the appropriate organisational capability in respect of DfOSH. However, empirical insight regarding the attributes that constitute DfOSH organisational capability is lacking. The purpose of this paper, which trailblases the subject of DfOSH organisational capability in construction, is to address two key questions: what organisational attributes determine DfOSH capability? What is the relative priority of the capability attributes?Design/methodology/approachThe study employed three iterations of expert focus group discussion and a subsequent three-round Delphi technique accompanied by the application of voting analytic hierarchy process.FindingsThe study revealed 18 capability attributes nested within six categories, namely: competence (the competence of organisation’s design staff); strategy (the consideration of DfOSH in organisation’s vision as well as the top management commitment); corporate experience (organisation’s experience in implementing DfOSH on projects); systems (systems, processes and procedures required for implementing DfOSH); infrastructure (physical, and information and communication technology resources); and collaboration (inter- and intra-organisational collaboration to implement DfOSH on projects). Whilst these categories and their nested attributes carry varying weights of importance, collectively, the competence-related attributes are the most important, followed by strategy.Originality/valueThe findings should enable design firms and other key industry stakeholders (such as the clients who appoint them) to understand designers’ DfOSH capability better. Additionally, design firms should be able to prioritise efforts/investment to enhance their DfOSH capability.

Evaluation of the impact of heat stress on the occurrence of occupational injuries: Meta-analysis of observational studies.

Growing evidence indicates that the exposure to high heat levels in the workplace results in health problems in workers. A meta-analysis was carried out to summarize the epidemiological evidence of the effects of heat exposure on the risk of occupational injuries. A search strategy was conducted to retrieve studies on the effects of climate change on occupational injury risk. Among the 406 identified, 5 time-series and 3 case-crossover studies were selected for meta-analysis. Pooled risk estimates for time-series and case-crossover studies combined, and then separated, were 1.005 (95%CI: 1.001-1009), 1.002 (95%CI: 0.998-1.005), and 1.014 (95%CI: 1.012-1.017), respectively. Subgroup analyses found increased risks (not statistically significant) for male gender, age <25 years and agriculture. The present findings can orient further research to assess the effects of heat at workplace and consequently to establish better health policies for managing such exposure in at-risk regions.

New Metrics for Node Importance Evaluation in Occupational Injury Network

Complex networks provide a convenient way to model the process of occupational injury occurrence at the system level, and node importance metrics are usually employed to quantify the influence of the factors leading to injuries. However, the traditional metrics such as degree and betweenness are based on the supposition that the network is a homogeneous one and the types of its nodes have to be the same. To describe the injury occurrence, there should be at least two types of nodes, i.e., source nodes and injury nodes. Since this network is heterogeneous in nature, traditional metrics for node importance evaluation are no longer applicable. Hence, we propose two metrics: radial degree and partial betweenness, to quantify the contribution of the source nodes. The former is to describe their induction capabilities, while the latter to depict their control capabilities. The composite score of these two metrics is utilized to evaluate the node importance. The empirical analysis on a total of 438 fatal accident reports in Beijing from 2004 to 2018 showed that our method notably outperformed several state-of-art metrics in evaluating and identifying the crucial nodes.

Системная оптимизация параметров рабочей среды на объектах энергетики как основа организации охраны труда

The set of labor protection measures is based on the consideration of harmful and dangerous factors pertinent to the production process. This activity is aimed at reducing the risk of individual effects that can inflict harm to the human health. However, the conditions causing the development of occupational diseases and occurrence of occupational injuries are often formed as a result of complex combinations of factors, the effect of which, when taken separately, does not violate the permissible levels established by relevant standards. A new concept for setting up labor protection at power facilities is proposed, the main focus of which is shifted from efforts aimed at minimizing the impact of identified harmful and hazardous production factors to creating a favorable working environment. Labor protection measures should be focused at preserving the health of employees in the course of their labor activity rather than at limiting adverse effects on the human organism. To this end, the working environment, the condition of which has an effect on the health of the personnel of production enterprises, shall be considered as an integer system. Thus, a systems methodology for organizing labor protection implies the use of an interdisciplinary approach to solving problems. In elaborating and implementing labor protection measures, it is necessary to engage experts specializing in the fields of industrial ecology and human ecology. The development of new technologies results in that the working environment is constantly becoming more complicated, and that new effects caused by its emergent properties occur. A number of new terms have been proposed for describing such phenomena, in particular, an industrial nosological complex, a production injury complex, and an industry branch nosological complex. It is proposed to develop nosological profiles for hydraulic, nuclear, and thermal power engineering facilities. This will make it possible to achieve more efficient use of industrial resources on preventing occupational diseases and injuries. In addition, the formation of industrial nosological profiles will make it possible to carry out a comparative analysis of the results from technological refitting.

A Review of Hospitalization and Clinical Pattern of Occupational Injuries and Related Factors

Background: Occupational injuries are considered as important factors in the loss of active human resources and useful working time; these injuries also constitute an important part of the global burden of disease. However, few studies have been performed on factors influencing the occurrence of occupational injuries. Besides, most studies have focused on the frequency of occupational injuries. Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with mortality, occupational injuries, and length of hospital stay and to recognize the clinical pattern in patients with occupational injuries, depending on the type and severity of injuries with the purpose of designing effective preventive interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 365 participants in the second half of 2015. The study sample consisted of victims suffering from occupational injuries in Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. The data were collected, using a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. The injury severity score (ISS), as well as demographic and clinical variables, was evaluated in the subjects. Then, the data were analyzed, using logistic, ordinal, and multinomial regression models. Results: Out of 365 patients, 34 (9.3%) were female and 331 (90.7%) were male. Additionally, the mean age of the subjects was 34.26 ± 13.63 years. The results showed a significant reverse relationship between mortality and limb injury (P = 0.016) and type of fraction and dislocation (P = 0.02). Also, length of hospital stay had a significant relationship with abdominal injury (P = 0.008) and fraction and dislocation (P < 0.001). ISS within the range of 11 - 26 or≥ 27 was significantly associated with mortality (P < 0.00). Moreover, age ≥ 56 years was directly related to severe abbreviated injury scale (AIS) (P = 0.009). In addition, limb injury had a significant reverse relationship with critical AIS (P = 0.001). Chest (P = 0.013) and limb (P = 0.006) injuries also showed a significant reverse relationship with ISS. Furthermore, abdominal injury was directly related to ISS (P = 0.023), and fracture and dislocation were directly related to AIS (P < 0.001) and ISS (P < 0.001). Conclusions: By the evaluation of patients’ ISS, fracture, dislocation, abdominal injury, and length of hospital stay, we can identify high-risk groups and develop necessary care and training programs in order to prevent the occurrence of injuries and decrease the length of hospital stay

Association between job stress and occupational injuries among Korean firefighters: a nationwide cross-sectional study

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the nature of association between job stress and occupational injuries among firefighters in Korea.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWe conducted a nationwide survey using self-reported questionnaires in South Korea.ParticipantsA survey...