Occurrence Of Bruxism Research Articles

Stress a determinant for bruxism in medical students-a qualitative and quantitative assessment.

Abstract- Background-Bruxism is an oral habit consisting of involuntary rhythmic or spasmodic nonfunctional gnashing, grinding, or clenching of teeth, unlike chewing movements of the mandible, which may lead to occlusal trauma. There are many scientific reports about the coexistence of bruxism, stress. Objective- the purpose of this study is to assess the development of symptoms of bruxism due to stress in medical students and to evaluate the correlation between occurrence of bruxism and perceived stress. Methodology- A mixed method survey questionnaire was prepared regarding questions based on scientific evidence of co-relation between bruxism, stress and stress faced by medical students. This survey based questionnaire was circulated digitally pan India and the respondents were undergraduate, post graduate students and junior and senior residents from different medical institutions. Therefore a random sample of 300 participants was selected, and gender, age, stress factors specific results were derived. Result- 14.7% of students are suffering from moderate bruxism and 85.3% of students suffering from severe bruxism due to stress. The test result showed that stress was main factor affecting the habit of bruxism with chi square value 12.39 and p value is 0.006. Conclusion- The study found that majority of the participating medical students reported to have bruxism majorly due to stress and Corelated variables majorly responsible for stress are large course of study, competition in this field, overthinking about the study related problems and uncertainty of result what is expected and do not feel happy with their own work performance.

Probable sleep and awake bruxism in adolescents: A path analysis.

Bruxism has a multifactorial etiology, including the influence of sleep characteristics and chronotypes. To identify the pathways that influence the occurrence of probable sleep bruxism (PSB) and probable awake bruxism (PAB) in adolescents. A total of 403 adolescents, aged 12-19 years, participated in the study. Parents/caregivers filled out a questionnaire about sociodemographic issues and the adolescent's health conditions, and the adolescents about sleep characteristics, occurrence of bruxism (based on previous study and the International Consensus of Bruxism), and chronotype (Circadian Energy Scale). Clinical examinations were performed. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis and path analysis. PSB and PAB are related to each other, with moderate and positive correlation (β = .390). Poor sleep quality and higher household income had a direct effect on both PSB (β = -.138; β = .123, respectively) and PAB (β = -.155; β = .116, respectively). Chronotype had a direct effect on PSB, in such a way that adolescents with a morningness chronotype tend to have PSB (β = -.102). Adolescents that drool on the pillow (β = .184) and/or have agitated sleep (β = .104) tend to have PSB. Poor sleep quality, household income, morningness chronotype profile, drooling on the pillow, and agitated sleep influence the paths taken by PSB. PAB was influenced by the quality of sleep and family income.

Application of Braided Piezoelectric Poly-l-Lactic Acid Cord Sensor to Sleep Bruxism Detection System with Less Physical or Mental Stress.

For many years, we have been developing flexible sensors made of braided piezoelectric poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) fibers that can be tied and untied for practical applications in society. To ensure good quality of sleep, the occurrence of bruxism has been attracting attention in recent years. Currently, there is a need for a system that can easily and accurately measure the frequency of bruxism at home. Therefore, taking advantage of the braided piezoelectric PLLA cord sensor's unique characteristic of being sewable, we aimed to provide a system that can measure the frequency of bruxism using the braided piezoelectric PLLA cord sensor simply sewn onto a bed sheet on which the subject lies down. After many tests using trial and error, the sheet sensor was completed with zigzag stitching. Twenty subjects slept overnight in a hospital room on sheets integrated with a braided piezoelectric PLLA cord. Polysomnography (PSG) was simultaneously performed on these subjects. The results showed that their bruxism could be detected with an accuracy of more than 95% compared with PSG measurements, which can only be performed in a hospital by a physician and are more burdensome for the subjects, with the subjects simply lying on the bed sheet with a braided piezoelectric PLLA cord sensor sewn into it.

Relation of pilot hours of flight to stress, bruxism, attrition and abfraction in vivo research

Background: Pilots are a very stressful job. As a consequence of stress, pilots practice bruxism. Common clinical manifestations due to bruxism are attrition and abfraction. To evaluate whether there is a relationship between pilot flight hours and job stress associated with the occurrence of bruxism, attrition and abfraction among domestic civil aviation pilots throughout Indonesia. 
 Methods: The subjects of the study were 196 pilots who were undergoing routine annual dental examinations at the Aviation Health Center of the Directorate General of Transportation. The pilot's flying hours, pilot job stress, awareness of the occurrence of bruxism was evaluated using the questionnaires. Attrition and abfraction were calculated based on scoring.
 Results: Most of the research subjects had flight hours of 5,000 to 10,000 hours, namely 44.4% (n = 87). Pilots who experienced stress were represented with at least 56.1% depression (n = 110) and minimal anxiety 49% (n = 96). Bruxism was found in 16.8% (n = 33) of all subjects. The highest attrition measurement was in enamel 47.4% (n = 93) and the most abfraction occurred in posterior teeth 8.2% (n = 16). The results of the Spearman correlation test show that there is no significant relationship between pilot flying hours with stress, bruxism with stress and stress on attrition.
 Conclusion: The higher the pilot's flight hours, the lower the stress. The higher the pilot's stress, the lower the attrition. There is no relationship between bruxism and pilot stress. The attrition that occurs is not directly related to bruxism activity.

THE EFFECT OF SMOKING HABITS ON THE OCCURRENCE OF BRUXISM: A RAPID REVIEW

Introduction: Bruxism is a parafunctional habit in the oral cavity area. Bruxism is distinguished from awake and sleep bruxism. Bruxism is caused by various etiological factors. Smoking habits are considered is one of the exogenous factors that cause bruxism. This study aims to determine the effect of smoking habits on bruxism. Review: This study was conducted using the rapid review of articles reporting the effect of smoking on the occurrence of bruxism. Article searches were conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO Host from October until November 2022. Article screening was carried out by checking for duplication, reading titles and abstracts, and reading the contents of the entire text. A total of 1257 articles were identified at the initial stage of the research with total of 6 articles included into rapid review criteria. Research on articles analyzed qualitatively shows that smoking habits affect occurrence of bruxism in most of the articles reviewed. As many as 2 articles prove smoking influences bruxism in general and as many as 2 articles proving that smoking affects awake bruxism. Conclusion: Smoking habits have an influence on the occurrence of bruxism in general.

Impact of dental bullying on bruxism associated with poor sleep quality among adolescents.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of school bullying and oral health-related verbal bullying on the occurrence of bruxism associated with poor sleep quality among adolescents. This cross-sectional study was nested in a cohort study performed with a sample of children from southern Brazil. Possible sleep bruxism was determined by the question: "Has anyone told you that you grind your teeth in your sleep?" Sleep quality was determined by answering the following question: "How would you classify the quality of your sleep?". The outcome was created by combining occurrence of sleep bruxism and poor sleep quality. The Sense of Coherence (SOC) was assessed using the SOC-13 scale. Bullying was investigated using the victim scale of the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire and oral health-related verbal bullying using an item from the Child Perceptions Questionnaire-11-14. Demographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and clinical data were also collected. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used. Results were expressed as prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A total of 429 adolescents with a mean age of 12.6 (standard deviation 1.3) years were evaluated. The prevalence of bruxism associated with poor sleep quality was 23.7%. Victims of school bullying (PR 2.06; 95%CI: 1.01-4.22) and oral health-related verbal bullying (PR 1.87; 95%CI: 1.18-2.95) presented higher prevalence of bruxism associated with poor sleep quality. Factors such as skin color and SOC were also associated with the outcome. These findings suggest an association between episodes of bullying and bruxism related to poor sleep quality.

Mental disorder and bruxism

Background / Aim: Depression as a complex mental, emotional condition, negatively affects productivity, its diagnosis requires accurate emotional analysis for patients who have an imbalance of neuro-psychiatric function. Bruxism is related to teeth grinding, jaw clenching at any time. The purpose of this study was to determination the correlation between patients with mental disorders and the occurrence of bruxism. Material and Methods: During 2019-2023 were examined 30 patients from the psychiatry department of QSU "Mother Tereza", Tirana, 13 were female, 17 male, aged 20-50 years. Also was investigated the control group with 119 students, aged 18-25. Two groups were observed according to the questionnaire related to the occurrence, content of bruxism. The treatment of the patients was combined by following methods: psychological, use of relaxing medications, prosthetic treatment by relaxant splints. Results: Bruxism with jaw muscle pain, abrasion was found in 80% of cases in the study group with a p ≤ 0.001, and 50.4% in the control group, finding a statistical relationship of bruxism between 2 groups, p = 0.01. Conclusions: Psychogenic - emotional is main factor and role in the bruxism presence. Referring our study, local and foreign authors, the treatment of this diagnosis must be done by combined therapeutic-prosthetic method.

Evaluation of relationship between Enterobius vermicularis infection and bruxism in children

Aim: To investigate the relationship between Enterobius vermicularis infection and bruxism in children. Methods: Twenty-six children (aged 3–10 years), who were systemically healthy, showed teeth-grinding at least once a week in the last 3 months, and applied to Aydın Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Child Gastroenterology Clinic were recruited and allocated into two groups: positive for E. vermicularis infection (Group 1, n = 13); negative for E. vermicularis infection (Group 2, n = 13). The children were examined clinically, and a survey was administered, to be filled in by the children's parents. BiteStrip was used to determine the level of bruxism. Results: Sixteen males (mean age: 7.3±1.6 years) and 10 females (mean age: 7.3±2.4) were included in the study. There was no significant difference between genders. Severe bruxism occurred in 46.2% and 30.8% of Groups 1 and 2, respectively. No significant correlation existed between E. vermicularis infection and BiteStrip scores. Conclusions: Enterobius vermicularis infection did not affect the occurrence of bruxism in the paediatric population evaluated. Keywords: Bruxism, Child, Enterobius vermicularis, Parasites

The usage of botulinum in the treatment of masticatory muscles hyperactivity

Introduction and purpose: Masticatory muscles hyperactivity is currently a very common problem among adult population. The ignorance of the symptoms and the lack or unsuccessful treatment may lead to serious health complications, which lead to major focus on improvement of the standard therapy for bruxism. The aim of the study was to provide a broad review on the promising treatment of bruxism symptoms with botulinum neurotoxin injections. Material and method: The review was conducted based on an available literature on PubMed database, searching the following phrases: bruxism, botulinum neurotoxin. Results: As bruxism has a very complex etiology, the treatment can not be narrowed down to one therapy system. Despite the fact that botulinum neurotoxin injections can not solve the primary reason of bruxism occurrence, it has shown excellent results in treatment of symptoms, since the substance has an ability to induce muscle relaxation. Therefore, such pain relief substance has shown a much better performance and long lasting results in comparison to drug therapy or behavioral treatment. Conclusions: The research confirmed that the usage of botulinum in the treatment of masticatory muscles hyperactivity is safe, well-tolerated by the patients and shows satisfying results. Conducted studies have proven that the most effective way of bruxism treatment is a therapy, which tackles both complex etiology of the disorder and its symptoms.

Occurrence of bruxism in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To investigate bruxism in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical individuals. Searches were conducted in the MedLine via Ovid, Embase via Ovid, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Brazilian Library of Dentistry (BBO) and SciELO databases, grey literature and a hand search up to December 2020 with no restrictions imposed regarding language or year of publication (CRD42020211307). For the meta-analysis, the frequency of bruxism was extracted, with the calculation of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random effects model in RevManager. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Seventeen case-control studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and 15 were included in the meta-analysis, totaling a population of 3850 individuals. The ASD group was more likely to develop bruxism than the controls (OR: 3.80; 95% CI: 2.06-7.01). The certainty of the evidence was classified as "very low" for the occurrence of bruxism between ASD and control individuals. It is uncertain whether individuals with ASD are more likely to have bruxism than healthy controls.

ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF INCREASED STRESS ON BRUXISM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Aim of the study: This study aims to evaluate the possible relationship between the occurrence of bruxism and perceived stress during the Covid-19 pandemic period. Material and methods: Two questionnaires were administered to one hundred forty-five (145) respondents randomly selected from different age groups and gender. Each patient was screened with and Perceived Stress Scale–10 (PSS-10) containing ten questions. The questionnaire assessed patients about stress related to everyday problems, personal events, and coping methods. The answers were scored using an ordinal five-point scale. In this study, a six-item self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate self-reported awake and sleep bruxism. Results: In the present study, bruxism was not statistically significantly correlated with self-reported perceived stress based on PSS-10 (rank correlation coefficient was rho (145) = 0.080, p < 0.341). There was no statistically significant difference within the study group between genders in the frequency of low, moderate, and high PSS-10 results (U = 2329.5, p = 0.339). The analysis also showed no statistically significant difference between males and females regarding bruxism score (U = 2381.5, p = 0.434). Conclusions: Results do not confirm the findings of a positive association between bruxism and perceived stress. Within the limitations of this study, the data suggest that the relationship between perceived stress and the expression of bruxism is more complex. Given the results of the current research, this issue requires further investigation.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and sleep bruxism in children eight to ten years of age.

This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and possible sleep bruxism (SB) in children eight to ten years of age. The study hypothesis was that sleep disturbances influenced a higher occurrence of bruxism during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study was conducted at two time points: in person prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (T1), and online during the pandemic (T2). The sample comprised 105 children. Parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, the use of electronic devices, reported (vs. clinical) SB, and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) at both T1 and T2. McNemar's and Wilcoxon's tests were used to compare SB and sleep disorders at both time points. Poisson regression analysis determined the relative risk (RR) among the variables, and the incidence of possible SB (p≤0.05). The comparison of the two time points (T1 and T2) revealed a significant increase in possible SB (p<0.01) and sleep disorders (p < 0.04). Children whose parents had a lower schooling level (RR: 2.67; 95%CI: 1.19-6.01), those with their own electronic devices (RR: 1.97; 95%CI: 1.09-2.50), and those with sleep disorders during the pandemic (RR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.35-2.24) were at greater risk of developing SB during the pandemic. Moreover, the incidence of bruxism and sleep disorders was greater during the pandemic. The factors influencing SB incidence during the pandemic were a lower level of mothers' schooling, greater access to electronic devices, and the occurrence of sleep disorders.

Polymorphic variants in genes related to stress coping are associated with the awake bruxism

BackgroundChronic stress is one of the leading predisposing factors in bruxism aetiology, but the influence of genetic factors is also suggested. We aimed to study whether sequence variants in genes involved in stress regulation pathways: NTRK2 and BDNF, may be associated with awake bruxism susceptibility, clinical presentation, and patients’ perceived stress level.MethodsThe study group included 104 patients with probable awake bruxism and 191 population controls. Patients underwent dental examination concerning the symptoms of bruxism and psychological testing. Genotyping was performed using HRMA and sequencing. Statistical analyses were conducted, and P values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsWe observed a positive correlation of measured stress level and pathological teeth attrition in the anterior segment (r = 0.45, P < 0.001), enamel attritions (r = 0.44, P < 0.001), tongue impressions (r = 0.50, P < 0.001) and posterior teeth attrition (r = 0.27, P = 0.005). Moreover, the c.196A variant (p.66Met) of the BDNF gene and c.1397-31392G allele of the NTRK2 gene were present with elevated frequency, comparing to controls.ConclusionsThis study hence the thesis that perceived stress level is a substantial contributing factor to awake bruxism occurrence and its clinical manifestations. Moreover, sequence variants in genes related to stress coping may be correlated with awake bruxism’s susceptibility via elevated perceived stress level.

Influence of Different Educational Syllabus on Occurrence of Bruxism In 4 To 9 Years Old Children in Chennai

Influence of Different Educational Syllabus on Occurrence of Bruxism In 4 To 9 Years Old Children in Chennai

Influence of Mother’s Working Status on Occurrence of Bruxism in Children

Influence of Mother’s Working Status on Occurrence of Bruxism in Children

The occurrence of symptoms of bruxism in sports climbers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic include the emergence or intensification of negative emotional states, such as anxiety disorders or depression. The deterioration of the emotional state in human population can be explained by the severe increase in the level of psychological stress related to the pandemic. In turn, mental stress can lead to the appearance or exacerbation of psychosomatic symptoms. Mental stress is one of the risk factors for bruxism. Due to the current pandemic situation, there is an increase in the frequency of bruxism symptoms in the population. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of bruxism symptoms in sports climbers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. The study consisted of two stages - the first one was carried out in August 2019 and the second one was repeated in May 2020, three months after the national quarantine in Poland had been announced . 67 people in the control group and 67 in the studied group were qualified for the study. The occurrence of awake and sleep bruxism was determined using a questionnaire. Results. The collective analysis showed that the studied group had a lower percentage of respondents with awake bruxism compared to the control group - the results reached the required threshold of statistical significance. The prevalence of sleep bruxism between the groups was similar - the differences did not reach the assumed significance threshold. Conclusions. The level of bruxism symptoms among climbers was significantly lower during the COVID-19 pandemic than before it. The obtained results and possible adaptation mechanisms in climbers require further analysis.

The influence of stress on the occurrence of bruxism

Introduction: Bruxism is defined as a stereotypical hyperactivity of the masseter characterized by clenching and grinding of the teeth. Etiopathology of bruxism still remains unclear, is one of the least known dysfunctions of the stomatognathic system. However, a lot of research have shown the correlation between stress and bruxism.The aim of the study: Paying attention to the correlation between the occurrence of stress and the presence of bruxism in the population.Material and method: The research was done by the usage of the PubMed and Google Scholar articles about the topic of: bruxism; stress; epidemiology; characteristic; psychotherapy;Description of the state of knowledge: Psychosocial factors such as state anxiety and trait anxiety, alexithymia, and perceived stress are as important as somatic causes in the occurrence and maintenance of bruxism. Impact of stress is especially noticeable during research conducted on students. Management of bruxism should embrace dental, pharmacological and psychobehavioural procedures. It requires a wider analysis in the aspect of concomitant disorders. The involvement of different specialists is required.Summary: We can undoubtedly say that stress is an inherent condition that accompanies us in everyday life. However, it is important to pay attention to its coexistence with bruxism and its harmful effect not only on organs such as the heart or stomach, but also the stomatognathic system - which is confirmed by many studies. However, the multidimensionality and complexity of the etiology of bruxism require further considerations and research.

Assessment of the pain, stress and emotional factor related to the occurrence of bruxism

Background/Aim: Bruxism is a parafunctional habit that has multiple etiology. Globally it is a widespread problem. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of pain, stress and to understand the emotional factor and their relations to the occurrence of bruxism. Material and Methods: For the purpose of this paper, 40 patients with partial edentuloissness and bruxism were treated prosthetically and with night dentures. They were assessed for the degree of the pain they feel and were given questionnaires for the level of stress they feel and for their psychological situation. The control group consisted of 40 patients who were not treated but were diagnosed with the same methods like the previous group. Results: Patient feel pain from the consequences of bruxism, disregarding the statistical significance related to gender. Stress pays a major role as we live in a dynamic and demanding society. The more competitive and ambitious the person is the more there are possibilities for occurrence of bruxism. Emotions are a very complex matter that unconsciously can be connected to the presence of bruxism. Conclusions: Besides prosthetic rehabilitation, sometimes a multidisciplinary approach is needed. Dentists should be aware of their role as psychiatrist and need to be educated of the principles of a patient's analysis and of the cognitive behavioral therapy.

Effect of sleep bruxism duration on perceived sleep quality in middle-aged subjects.

Sleep-related bruxism may directly impact sleep quality. This study aims to evaluate potential relationships between sleep bruxism events and related daytime symptoms. We investigated 22 patients (42.1 ± 11.6 yr of age) with sleep bruxism in comparison with 12 good sleeper control subjects of similar age (41.0 ± 11.5 yr). Sleep bruxism was visually analyzed and categorized according to sleep stage, bruxism type (tonic/phasic) and duration. Clinical instruments comprised the Epworth Sleepiness, the Brugmann Fatigue Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Rating Scale. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Controls and patients with sleep bruxism presented similar sleep architecture. However, patients with sleep bruxism displayed significantly decreased sleep efficiency and higher sleep fragmentation. Perceived sleep quality was significantly worse in patients with sleep bruxism than in control subjects. Additionally, patients presented with significantly greater fatigue intensity and more affective symptoms than controls. The cumulative durations of sleep bruxism events (phasic, tonic, and combined) were significantly correlated with deterioration of sleep quality, whereas neither the event index per hour of sleep nor the count of event types (phasic/tonic) were related to sleep quality. Patients with sleep bruxism present with higher levels of daytime fatigue and sleepiness than control subjects who experience good sleep and may also exhibit impairments of sleep quality which are related to the duration of bruxism occurrence rather than to its frequency.

BRUXISMO NA INFÂNCIA: PERFIL DE COMPORTAMENTO, CARACTERÍSTICAS DO SONO E SINTOMATOLOGIA

Bruxism is the repetitive motion of chewing muscles characterized by tightening and teeth grinding. That condition is multifactorial, involuntary and parafunctional. Studies on involvement of bruxism in children are scarce and considered a subject little explored in the literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the child’s behavior profile, as well as the sleep characteristics and symptoms associated with the occurrence of bruxism in children aged 5 to 11 years in the city of Juazeiro do Norte - Ceará. A pilot study, cross-sectional type, was performed with 32 parents and/or guardians that answered a structured questionnaire about the topic. Of the total sample, 56.5% were male. 53.2% reported having gnashing of teeth, 75% complained of headaches and 53.1% said that children were agitated or anxious. The prevalence of bruxism in this study was 53.2% (n = 17). In addition, 34.4% (n = 11) cases were observed during the night. Statistically significant associations were observed between the diurnal bruxism and the occurrence of nightmares (p=0.011) and the habit of talking while sleeping (p = 0.009); additionally, it was observed association between nocturnal bruxism and behavior profile (anxious and/or agitated) of child (p=0.022). The other variables of this study showed not statistical association with the diurnal or nocturnal bruxism (p&gt;0.05). It is concluded through this study that changes in sleep patterns and behavior of the child’s profile, were factors associated with the occurrence of bruxism in children.