Occupational Performance In Patients Research Articles

Examine the Role of Psychological Resilience in Predicting Social and Professional Performance in Patients with Diabetes, Multiple Sclerosis, and Rheumatism.

Psychological resilience is one of the most important factors that help a person adapt to the difficulties of life. The present study aimed to examine the role of psychological resilience in the social and professional functioning of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A total of 301 individuals (58.8% female) participated in the study. Approximately 44% of participants were diagnosed with diabetes, 28% with rheumatoid arthritis, and around 25% with multiple sclerosis. Two psychometric measures were used to achieve the objectives of the present study: the Psychological Resilience Scale and the Performance of Social and Occupational Functions Scale. Regression analyses were used to examine the amount of variance predicted by psychological resilience in terms of the following variables of social and professional functions: relationships, communication, social activities, entertainment activities, life skills, employment-based job functions, and unemployment-based job functions. Results revealed that psychological resilience positively predicted social and occupational functions among all illnesses. Resilience best predicted social and professional functions among MS patients, followed by diabetes patients and RA patients. These findings highlight the role of psychological resilience in improving the social and occupational performance of patients with chronic illnesses and the positive relationship between employment and resilience.

The Effect of Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance(CO-OP) on Upper Extremity Function and Occupational Performance in patients with Subacute Stroke

The Effect of Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance(CO-OP) on Upper Extremity Function and Occupational Performance in patients with Subacute Stroke

Linking Prioritized Occupational Performance in Patients Undergoing Spasticity-Correcting Upper Limb Surgery to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health.

Background Spasticity is generally caused by damage to the spinal cord or the areas of the brain that controls movements, which poses significant limitations in occupational tasks. Objectives The aims of the study were to (I) describe prioritized occupational performance problems (POPP) among patients who underwent upper limb spasticity-correcting surgery and map them to the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health (ICF); (II) assess outcomes postsurgery; (III) assess whether the results are influenced by the diagnosis, gender, and residual muscle function; and (IV) assess correlation between changes in COPM and gains in grasp ability and grip strength. Methods In this retrospective study, assessments occurred pre- and postsurgery, including the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), grip strength, and grasp ability. POPP were transformed to prioritized occupational performance goals (POPG) during subsequent rehabilitation. Results 60 patients with a history of spinal cord injury (SCI) (n = 42; 59%), stroke (n = 25; 34%), traumatic brain injury (TBI) (n = 4; 6%), and reason unknown (n = 1; 1%) were included, with a mean age of 57 (±13) years. Of those, 11 had bilateral surgery, generating 71 COPM forms and 320 POPG. The POPG were mapped to the ICF activity and participation chapter, most often to self-care (n = 131; 41%), domestic life (n = 68; 21%), and mobility (n = 58; 18%). COPM scores were significantly increased postsurgery, irrespective of diagnosis, gender, and muscle function. No clear correlation between COPM improvement and hand function gains was shown. Conclusion Patients who underwent spasticity-correcting upper limb surgery identified difficulties with a wide range of occupational tasks that they considered as important to regain. Treatment-induced gains in occupational performance were significant but had no clear correlation with gains in grasp ability and hand strength. Independent of diagnosis, gender, and residual muscle function, it seems important to address the activity- and participation-specific aspects in the assessment and rehabilitation of patients.

Balance Ability and Occupational Performance in Patients With Parkinson's Disease and On-Medication-State Freezing of Gait.

Balance Ability and Occupational Performance in Patients With Parkinson's Disease and On-Medication-State Freezing of Gait.

Balance Ability and Occupational Performance in Patients With Parkinson's Disease and On-Medication-State Freezing of Gait.

The aim of this study was to examine balance ability and occupational performance in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and on-medication-state freezing of gait (FOG). A cohort study with three groups was conducted. Seven patients with PD and on-medication-state FOG with optimized pharmacological therapy; seven patients with PD matched by age, gender, length of time since diagnosis, and Hoehn and Yahr stage; and seven controls were included. Outcomes included balance and occupational performance. Nonparametric analyses were used. Significant differences were found between the two subgroups of patients with PD in the Timed Up & Go Test when adding a cognitive task, dual-task interference, and self-confidence in balance. Patients with PD and on-medication-state FOG had lower scores on dual-task interference and self-confidence than matched PD patients. The assessment and rehabilitation approach for patients with PD and on-medication-state FOG should include balance confidence and dual-task interference.

Effect of Mirror Therapy Combined with Task-Oriented Training on Hemiplegic Upper Limb Functions after Stroke

<sec><title>Objective</title> To investigate the priming effect of mirror therapy combined with task-oriented training on hemiplegic upper limb functions after stroke. </sec><sec><title>Methods</title> A total of forty eligible inpatients with stroke were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, with 20 cases in each group. The conventional rehabilitation training was used in both groups. The control group was given upper limb task-oriented training 30 min per day in addition to conventional rehabilitation; the observation group was given mirror therapy 30 min per day in addition to the control group, both 5 days per week for 4 consecutive weeks. Assessments were administered at baseline and immediately after all the intervention. The upper limb motor functions were assessed by the Fugl-Meyer assessment-upper extremity (FMA-UE) and action research arm test (ARAT), occupational performance was assessed by the functional test of hemiplegic upper extremity-Hong Kong (FTHUE-HK). </sec><sec><title>Results</title> There were no significant differences in FMA-UE scores, ARAT scores and FTHUE-HK grade between the two groups before treatment (<italic>P</italic>>0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the FMA-UE scores, ARAT scores of the two groups showed significant improvement compared with those before treatment (<italic>P</italic><0.001), FTHUE-HK grade of the two groups showed significant improvement compared with that before treatment (<italic>P</italic><0.05). The improvement degree of FMA-UE scores (11.40±6.29) in the observation group was more significant than that (5.05±3.35) in the control group (<italic>P</italic><0.001), the improvement of ARAT scores (6.25±3.67) in the observation group was more significant than that (3.25±2.73) in the control group (<italic>P</italic><0.05), the improvement of FTHUE-HK grade in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group (<italic>P</italic><0.05). </sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title> Mirror therapy, combined and as priming for task-oriented training, can produce clinical improvements in upper extremity function and occupational performance in patients with hemiparesis after stroke. </sec>

Life chances after surgery of congenital heart disease: A case-control-study of inter- and intragenerational social mobility over 15 years.

BackgroundPatients of congenital heart disease surgery have good prospects for reaching old age. Against the backdrop of increasing life expectancies, the question of how well such patients are mastering daily routines and their working life emerges. In our study, the educational and occupational performance of patients over 15 years was examined.MethodsIntergenerational social mobility (changes in social positions from the parental generation to the generation of children) was examined in terms of education, and intragenerational social mobility (changes in positions within the same generation, i.e., in individuals over their life courses) was examined in terms of occupational positions. Comparisons were made between patients and a control group drawn from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Controls were drawn from respondents who participated in the 2004 and 2018 SOEP surveys.ResultsThe data were from 244 out of 360 patients (68%) with complete social data from the first survey (2003–2004) and who were included in the follow-up (2017–2019), and 238 controls were drawn from the SOEP. At the time of the second survey, subjects’ ages ranged from 28 to 59 years of age (M = 40.1 years). Intergenerational educational mobility did not differ between cases and controls. For intragenerational social mobility, downward changes were more frequent among controls. This latter finding may be explained by patients retiring earlier than the general population. Retirement rates increased over time, particularly among patients with severe congenital malformations. Unemployment rates were also higher among patients.ConclusionsTaken together, although a considerable proportion of patients with congenital heart disease retired prematurely or never entered the labour force, their educational and occupational careers proceeded more favourably than expected.

Effects of CO-OP Interventions on Affected Upper Extremity Use, Execution Function and Occupational Performance in Patients With Stroke

Effects of CO-OP Interventions on Affected Upper Extremity Use, Execution Function and Occupational Performance in Patients With Stroke

Satisfaction and Occupational Performance in Patients with Functional Movement Disorder

Background: Behavioral Shaping Therapy (BeST) is a program that uses a multidisciplinary approach to treat patients diagnosed with functional movement disorder (FMD). While this diagnosis is classified as a psychological disorder by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the BeST program focuses on treating the physical manifestations of FMD. Occupational therapists are an integral part of the multidisciplinary team, employing a variety of cognitive behavioral and motor reprogramming techniques to normalize movement patterns.

주간보호시설 치매환자의 집단작업치료프로그램 효과-예비연구

본 연구는 지역사회 주간보호시설을 이용하는 경도치매환자에게 집단작업치료프로그램을 제공하고 이에 따른 시지각과 작업수행기술의 변화를 알아보고자 예비연구를 실시하였다. 65세 이상 치매진단을 받은 9명을 대상으로 주 3회, 60분씩, 총 4주간 감각적, 신체적, 창의적 활동을 포함한 집단작업치료프로그램을 실시하였다, 치료전 후 시지각 기능, 작업수행기술에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 유사실험연구로서 단일군 전후실험설계를 적용하였으며, 수집한 자료는 빈도분석과 기술통계를 사용하여 분석하였다. 집단작업치료프로그램 전과 실시 후에 대한 분석 결과 시지각 기능과 작업수행에서는 기초선과 프로그램 종결 후 통계적으로 매우 유의한 차이(p<0.01, p<0.05)가 있었지만 작업수행기술 중 운동기술에서는 프로그램 전 후의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해 집단작업치료프로그램이 주간보호시설을 이용하는 치매환자의 시지각과 작업수행기술 관리에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study is to have a preliminary study in order to identify changes in occupational performance skills and visual perception of patients with mild dementia, who have been provided with a group occupational therapy program, within community day-care center. The subjects of this study were 9 people with mild dementia living in a community. The period of administration was for 60 minutes per session three times a week during four weeks. We assessed their visual perception function(MVPT) and occupational performance(AMPS). One group pre-post test design was implemented as an experimental study to compare the results between before and after applying the group occupational therapy program within sensory, physical, creative activity. While a statistically significant difference between before and after the program of motor skills(occupational performance skill) is not shown, the visual perception function and occupational performance of patients with mild dementia improved significantly after receiving occupational therapy program(p<0.01, p<0.05). Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the group occupational therapy program is helpful to manage the occupational performance skills and visual perception of patients with mild dementia in community day-care center.

The Suitability of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a Screening Tool to Identify People with Dysfunction in Occupational Performance after Mild Stroke

Introduction: Cognitive deficits are an important determinant for experiencing limitations in occupational performance after stroke. It is important to recognize these deficits, and their impact on daily activities, at an early stage so people can get the support they need. The non-challenging environment of a hospital hampers this recognition, making it difficult for occupational therapists to select which patients should be assessed extensively, and which not. This study aims to explore the Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a screening tool by investigating its relationship with occupational performance in patients with mild stroke. Method: Twenty-nine people with mild stroke were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Assessment of Motor and Process Skills were compared and correlations were calculated. Findings: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment cut-off did not identify those who might experience problems in daily functioning after mild stroke. A moderate correlation was found between scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills process scores. Conclusion: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment cannot be used as a screening tool to identify problems in occupational performance after mild stroke.

Workplace phobia, workplace problems, and work ability among primary care patients with chronic mental disorders.

Work-related anxieties are frequent and have a negative effect on the occupational performance of patients and absence due to sickness. Most important is workplace phobia, that is, panic when approaching or even thinking of the workplace. This study is the first to estimate the prevalence of workplace phobia among primary care patients suffering from chronic mental disorders and to describe which illness-related or workplace-specific context factors are associated with workplace phobia. A convenience sample of 288 primary care patients with chronic mental disorders (70% women) seen by 40 primary care clinicians in Germany were assessed using a standardized diagnostic interview about mental disorders and workplace problems. Workplace phobia was assessed by the Workplace Phobia Scale and a structured Diagnostic and Statical Manual of Mental Disorders-based diagnostic interview. In addition, capacity and participation restrictions, illness severity, and sick leave were assessed. Workplace phobia was found in 10% of patients with chronic mental disorders, that is, approximately about 3% of all general practice patients. Patients with workplace phobia had longer durations of sick leave than patients without workplace phobia and were impaired to a higher degree in work-relevant capacities. They also had a higher degree of restrictions in participation in other areas of life. Workplace phobia seems to be a frequent problem in primary care. It may behoove primary care clinicians to consider workplace-related anxiety, including phobia, particularly when patients ask for a work excuse for nonspecific somatic complaints.

A thumb opposition splint to improve manual dexterity and upper-limb functioning in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

To assess initial efficacy and tolerability of a thumb opposition splint on manual dexterity, perceived upper limb functioning and occupational performance in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. One group pre-post design. Thirteen patients were provided with a neoprene opposition splint for their dominant hand. Manual dexterity (Sollerman hand function test), perceived upper limb functioning (Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire) and occupational performance (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure) were assessed after using the splint and compared with pre-treatment scores (paired t-tests). Usability and tolerability were assessed with a questionnaire. Sollerman test scores improved significantly from a mean of 47 (standard deviation (SD) 11) to 52 (SD 12) points (norm 80 points) (p = 0.006). Perceived functioning in the domain activities of daily living (scale 0-100) improved significantly from 51 (SD 20) to 60 (SD 17) points (p = 0.04). Both occupational performance and satisfaction scores improved significantly (p = 0.020). Efficacy did not relate to age, disease duration or severity. Subjects were satisfied with splint cosmesis and comfort. These results indicate that a thumb opposition splint can be applied effectively to improve upper limb functioning in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

Outcomes of Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Pyrocarbon Implants

To prospectively register and report the hand function and occupational performance of patients with proximal interphalangeal joint-pyrocarbon arthroplasty, using both objective tests and subjective outcome instruments. From 2004 to 2008, 53 joints in 43 patients were reconstructed with a proximal interphalangeal joint-pyrocarbon prosthesis. The patients underwent a rehabilitation program allowing early motion with an extension stop to limit hyperextension. Range of motion, grip strength, and pain (Visual Analog Scale [VAS]) were recorded and the subjective outcome was evaluated using Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score. Seven patients were reoperated on (2 infections, 2 arthrodesis, 2 tenolysis, and 1 hyperextension). Pain (VAS) at rest improved from 3.1 cm preoperatively to 0.4 cm (p < .001) and pain (VAS) at activity from 6.2 to 2.0 cm (p < .001) at the latest follow-up (mean, 24 months; minimum, 12 months [+/- 2 weeks]). Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score improved from a median of 39 to 29 (p = .026). The COPM subjective measurement of occupational performance, improved from a median of 4.6 preoperatively to 5.9 (p = .013) at the latest follow-up, and the COPM, measurement of satisfaction improved from a median of 3.8 to 5.9 (p = .002). Range of motion and grip strength were unchanged. All patients reported decreased pain, and although we found no improvement in range of motion and grip strength, one third of patients reported a clinically significant improvement in occupational performance and satisfaction. A total of 13% of the joints required a secondary surgical procedure. Therapeutic IV.