Occupational Health Risk Factors Research Articles

Risk factors, timing and frequency of occurrence of post-COVID syndrome in workers with intensive computer workload

According to leading experts of the World Health Organization, the threat of a new strain of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus remains, which will lead to a sharp increase in morbidity and mortality. The severity of complications after COVID-19 depends not only on how severe the disease was, but also on other factors: genetic predisposition, age, concomitant diseases, and working conditions. This makes it urgent to conduct further scientific research on the ranking of the factors of the production environment that accelerate the spread of COVID-19. The study aims to determine the degree of occupational risk, taking into account the timing and frequency of manifestations of post-COVID syndrome (U09.9; U10.9 according to ICD–X) in specialists with intensive computer workload. In the period 2020–2024, the researchers conducted a survey at the workplaces of Kislovodsk enterprises and examined 556 people with an intensive computer load associated with servicing the flows of mass consumers during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic period. We have studied the timing and frequency of the occurrence of post-COVID syndrome, objectified by the degree of health risk factors in various categories of workers with intensive computer workload. The timing and frequency of seven post-COVID syndrome manifestations ranked (according to the degree of occupational health risk factors) (U09.9; U10.9 according to ICD-X) that occur in workers with intensive computer workload in the first two weeks after discharge from the hospital during hospitalization for COVID-19 (occupational health risk factors category A) or arising within three to four weeks after discharge from the hospital during hospitalization for COVID-19 (occupational health risk factors of category B). Based on statistical and clinical and hygienic data obtained in the period from 2020 to 2024, post-COVID manifestations in the gradations of "high" and "moderately high" occupational health risk for employees (n=556) with intensive computer load were ranked by the timing and frequency of occurrence of the named syndrome, as well as by the degree of risk of potential COVID-19 infections of the named groups of specialists associated with servicing mass consumer flows infected with constantly mutating representatives of enveloped RNA viruses. According to the degree of occupational risk to the health of persons with intensive computer workload, six groups of specialists associated with servicing mass consumer flows, potentially infected with COVID-19 and other representatives of enveloped RNA viruses, were ranked. Limitations. Post-COVID syndromes that occur within one to two and three to four weeks after discharge from the hospital have been studied. Ethics. Scientists have conducted research in accordance with the principles of biomedical ethics and approved by the local Ethics Committee of Izmerov Research Institute of Occupation Health, Moscow (Protocol No. 4 dated 04/14/2021). Each participant of the study submitted a voluntary written informed consent signed by him after explaining to him the potential risks and benefits.

Work-Life Conflict, Burnout, and Associated Factors Among Hydroelectric Power Plant Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey.

Power plants are associated with numerous occupational health and safety risk factors, with psychosocial risks being particularly significant. This study examines work-life conflict and burnout among power plant employees and discusses the factors associated with these issues. This cross-sectional study focused on employees at three hydroelectric power plants in Turkey. The inclusion criteria included employees with at least one year of tenure. Using cluster sampling, three plants were selected in Adana, Ankara, and Samsun. The sample size was determined to be 262, and 201 employees participated, yielding a 76.7% response rate. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire, which encompasses the sub-dimensions of a valid and reliable scale: The Work-Life Conflict and Burnout sub-dimensions of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-III (COPSOQ-III) were used to measure the dependent variables. The independent variables included age, education level, total and weekly working hours, perceived health status, and department. The dependent variables were work-life conflict and burnout. Ethical approval was obtained from the Gazi University Ethics Committee. Statistical analysis compared the Pearson chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Yates correction with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. The mean age was 40.83 years, with an average tenure of 11.54 years and a weekly work time of 43.51 hours. Most participants (94.5%) were male; technical unit workers comprised 71.6%. Health issues included smoking (39.8%) and chronic diseases (19.9%). Concerns about the working environment include insufficient knowledge about safety (25.4%) and lack of knowledge about risk assessments (32.3%). Many workers reported lacking personal protective equipment (11.4%) and rest areas (15.4%). Negative health impacts from work were noted by 31.8%. In addition, 51.2% believed that noise levels were outside the acceptable range. Two-thirds of employees reported inadequate measures against physical risks in the workplace. Many participants experienced work-life conflict (13.9%) and burnout (14.5%). High work-life conflict was significantly associated with younger age groups, less tenure, and negative perceived health status. Burnout was significantly related to the duration of employment, weekly working hours, and perceived health status. The study highlights the seriousness of burnout and work-life conflict among hydropower plant workers, emphasizing the need for administrative and organizational interventions to alleviate these issues. Regular occupational health and safety training, involvement in risk assessments, fair workload distribution, supportive work environments, and counseling services are recommended to reduce burnout and improve work-life balance.

Harmful chemicals in occupational air in the ore mining sector of the metal industry as occupational health risk factors (Analytical review)

Working conditions at non-ferrous metallurgical enterprises typically involve exposure to a whole set of harmful chemicals present in occupational air. These chemicals contribute to the development of pathologies in workers, respiratory diseases in particular. Research literature was analyzed using bibliographic databases in order to summarize available information on effects produced by harmful chemicals in workplace air on health of workers employed at mining enterprises. Respiratory diseases such as pneumoconiosis, acute and chronic dust bronchitis prevail among occupational pathologies typical for underground miners. Acute and chronic bronchitis prevail among respiratory diseases as health disorders resulting in temporary disability of miners dealing with non-ferrous metal mining. Huge amounts of dust appear in occupational air at mining enterprises due to drilling, blasting and ore crushing. Priority chemicals found in workplace air in mining industry include several carcinogens such as nickel, lead, formaldehyde, cadmium, and benzo(a)pyrene. There is a unidirectional effect produced by sulfur dioxide, nickel, nitrogen oxides, acrolein, formaldehyde, cadmium, and particular matter on the respiratory organs. The nervous system can be affected by manganese, lead, and selenium; the blood, by nickel, lead, and carbon oxide; the cardiovascular system, by carbon oxide and selenium. Working conditions of underground miners in non-ferrous metallurgy involve intensive exposure to chemicals in occupational air, which create health risks of occupational respiratory diseases and malignant tumors. Diseases of the nervous, immune, cardiovascular systems and the blood are also possible. When planning a set of preventive activities, it is advisable to identify groups of work-related diseases caused, among other things, by a specific chemical factor.

Developing and evaluating Compassionate Workplace Programs to promote health and wellbeing around serious illness, dying and loss in the workplace (EU-CoWork): a transdisciplinary, cross-national research project

Background: Most employees will experience serious illness, caregiving, dying and loss (End-of-Life (EoL) experiences) at multiple points throughout their working lives. These experiences impact affected employees but also their colleagues in terms of health and wellbeing, and the workplace as a whole in terms of workplace safety, productivity and labour relations. The impact of EoL experiences on employees means that workplaces are called to play a more active role in providing support for EoL experiences. Aim: To describe how the EU-CoWork (2024–2028) project addresses its main aims to (1) create Compassionate Workplace cultures, practices and policies and improve health and wellbeing for employees dealing with EoL experiences in different national work contexts in Europe; (2) describe and evaluate the process of co-creation and implementation of Compassionate Workplace Programs (CWPs) and how these influence the programs’ outcomes. Design: EU-CoWork employs a facilitated and co-creative Developmental Evaluation approach to the development of 12 tailored CWPs across four European countries (Belgium, Austria, Sweden and Greece). Methods: To evaluate the outcomes and processes leading to these outcomes, a mixed-methods Realist Evaluation methodology is applied, formulating and testing Context-Mechanism-Outcomes configurations and combining longitudinal quantitative and qualitative data collections. Results: EU-CoWork will generate evidence to support an expanded model of occupational health and safety risk factors sensitive to the specific challenges related to employees’ EoL experiences. In doing so, several challenges will have to be navigated: involving employees with EoL experiences while avoiding overburdening them, avoiding tokenistic engagement, managing power differentials, balancing the need for scientific rigour with the flexibility required in co-creation, reconciling different epistemologies and disciplinary traditions and organisational resistance to change. Conclusion: There are potential long-lasting broader societal impacts through the stimulation of open discourse on EoL topics, the reconciliation of work and care, and changes in gendered work and care patterns.

Заболеваемость подростков и некоторые аспекты актуальности проведения врачебно-профессиональной консультации подростков в возрасте 15–17 лет.

Currently, conducting medical and professional consultations and medical professional orientation remains relevant against the background of the current situation of high morbidity of adolescents, inadequate choice of the direction of vocational training and uncontrolled employment, which requires the development and implementation of effective methodological approaches to the organization of professional orientation, taking into account the modern requirements of the labor market. The aim of the study is to assess the health status of adolescents, the professional orientation of adolescents and the leading occupational health risk factors. Research methods. On the example of Orenburg, an analysis of the morbidity of adolescents aged 15–17 years according to official statistics was carried out; a characteristic of the safety of workplaces at industrial enterprises of the Orenburg region was given; an assessment of the professional preferences of adolescents according to the method of I. L. Solomin was carried out in conjunction with the performance indicators determined by the method of «Landolt Rings». The results of the study. It is shown that adolescents aged 15–17 years have higher morbidity rates compared to the adult population of the Orenburg region by 8–29.1%, while every second teenager has a disease for the first time. The leading nosological forms in the structure of morbidity of adolescents were diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, diseases of the organ of vision and its accessory apparatus and diseases of the genitourinary system. Common inconsistencies with sanitary standards in the workplaces of industrial enterprises of the region were indicators of vibration, microclimate and illumination. Every third teenager had professional preferences in the field of «man-man», which actualizes the problems of professional orientation, taking into account psychophysiological features, which have significant differences depending on the inclination to a particular profession. Conclusion. Medical professional orientation and medical and professional consultation for adolescents are an important area of work in the structure of primary health care for the adolescent population, contributing to the prevention of the progression of pathologies as a result of the adverse effects of production factors, the prevention of disability and increased productivity.

Analysis of suspected occupational diseases cases and subsequent diagnosis follow-up investigation in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2021

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of suspected occupational diseases cases, and to track the subsequent diagnosis of suspected cases in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2021, and to provide theoretical basis for the supervision of suspected occupational diseases. Methods: In April 2022, the data of suspected occupational diseases cases and occupational diseases in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2021 were collected by the Occupational Diseases and Health Risk Factors Information Surveillance System. The distribution and diagnosis of suspected occupational diseases cases were analyzed. We investigated undiagnosed suspected occupational diseases by telephone. Results: From 2020 to 2021, a total of 1872 cases of suspected occupational diseases in 6 categories and 18 species were reported in Hubei Province. The top three suspected occupational diseases were suspected occupational noise deafness (36.75%, 688/1872), suspected coal worker's pneumoconiosis (33.07%, 619/1872) and suspected silicosis (20.99%, 393/1872). The diagnosis rate of suspected occupational diseases was 33.60% (629/1872). The rate of confirmed diagnosis was 63.59% (400/629). The diagnosis rate (26.86%, 456/1698) and rate of confirmed diagnosis (55.48%, 253/456) of suspected occupational diseases detected by occupational health examination were the lowest. The diagnosis rate of suspected occupational diseases detected by comprehensive medical institutions and private medical institutions were lower than disease prevention and control institutions and occupational disease prevention center (P<0.05). The main reasons for not entering the diagnostic procedure included that workers were not informed that they were diagnosed as suspected occupational diseases (31.55%, 124/393), workers were unwilling to apply for occupational disease diagnosis (18.56%, 73/393), and some workers planned to apply for diagnosis but had not yet applied (10.69%, 42/393) . Conclusion: Occupational noise deafness, coal worker's pneumoconiosis and silicosis are the main diseases of suspected occupational diseases in Hubei Province. In order to increase the diagnosis rate and confirmed diagnosis rate of suspected occupational diseases, it is suggested to strengthen management and supervision from the aspects of case management, information warning and worker notification.

Risk and Cost Analysis Study Occupational Health and Safety (K3) On Passenger Terminal Building Works New Mentawai Airport Development Project

To provide adequate and quality air transportation facilities and infrastructure by developing and maintaining a sustainable air transport infrastructure, it is ?required attention to occupational safety and health risk factors. These factors need to be analyzed in order to achieve zero accidents in the implementation process. This study aims to identify OHS risk factors, determine the highest OHS risk factors and then prepare a Construction Safety Plan (RKK) based on the highest OHS risk factors in The Terminal Building Construction Of The New Mentawai Airport Development Project, to determine the control of these risks. Interviews, and questionnaires as well as the results of previous studies, were collected to determine the risk factors for OSH. The Analytical Hierarchy Process method was applied to determine the highest risk factor which was carried out by compiling the AHP questionnaire and inputting it in the Expert Choice application. The Construction Safety Plan is prepared after the AHP analysis, in which the required OHS costs are also known. There are 4 aspects of risk factors: Workers Aspect, Management Aspect, Equipment Aspect, and the Environment Aspect with 24 risk factors. The risk factor for worker burnout, which is part of the worker aspect and is carried out in structural work, is the highest. Furthermore, the Construction Safety Plan (RKK) is prepared based on the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10 of 2021 concerning Guidelines for Construction Safety Management Systems with an OHS cost of this construction IDR 698,250,000.00. This study emphasizes the importance of paying attention to risk factors, namely the burnout condition of workers, which is rarely considered in the implementation of construction work.

Analysis of Occupational Health and Safety Risks in Beekeeping with FMEA Method

Contrary to popular belief, beekeeping, which dates back to prehistoric times and is one of the most important plant and animal production branches today, is not an innocent profession in terms of occupational health and safety. In this study, in order to determine the occupational health and safety risk factors in the beekeeping profession, Interviews with beekeepers were conducted in 10 apiaries operating in Bayburt, where especially wandering beekeeping is practiced. In light of the data obtained from the danger hunt applied by the occupational health and safety specialist, ergonomic, physical, biological, and chemical risks were revealed using the FMEA risk analysis method. The effect, probability, and detection values were found for each failure mode, and then Risk Priority Number values were calculated. As a result of the study, for the five basic stages of beekeeping, 15 processes, 39 failure modes, 72 potential effects, and 39 failure causes were determined. Failure modes with a Risk Priority Number value of 100 and above were evaluated as “situations where urgent action and axiom should be taken,” and preventive axioms were proposed for each relevant failure mode. The number of studies on the risk factors in the beekeeping profession is very limited in the literature. For this reason, it is predicted that this study will fill an important gap in the related field and make significant contributions to the literature.

Unpacking Occupational Health Data in the Service Sector: From Bayesian Networking and Spatial Clustering to Policy-Making

The health status of the service sector workforce is a significant unknown in the field of medical geography. While spatial epidemiology has made progress in predicting the relationship between human health and the environment, there are still important challenges that remain unsolved. The main issue lies in the inability to statistically determine and visually represent all spatial concepts, as there is a need to cover a wide range of service activities while also considering the impact of numerous traditional medical variables and emerging risk factors, such as those related to socioeconomic and bioclimatic factors. This study aims to address the needs of health professionals by defining, prioritizing, and visualizing multiple occupational health risk factors that contribute to the well-being of workers. To achieve this, a methodological approach based on the synergy of Bayesian machine learning and geostatistics is proposed. Extensive data from occupational health surveillance tests were collected in Spain, along with socioeconomic and bioclimatic covariates, to assess potential social and climate impacts on health. This integrated approach enabled the identification of relevant patterns related to risk factors. A three-step geostatistical modeling process, including variography, ordinary kriging, and G clustering, was used to generate national distribution maps for various factors such as annual mean temperature, annual rainfall, spine health, limb health, cholesterol, age, and sleep quality. These maps considered four target activities—administration, finances, education, and hospitality. Remarkably, bioclimatic variables were found to contribute approximately 9% to the overall health status of workers.

Behavioral risk factors for the health of machine tool operators as the basis of the company’s social policy

To form a competent social policy of the enterprise, aimed at reducing the risk of chronic non-infectious diseases, early loss of ability to work, information is needed not only about working conditions, but also about the priority behavioral health risk factors for workers. In order to identify the priority behavioral health risk factors for the workers of the machine-building enterprise the characteristics of the lifestyle, information on the awareness and perception of behavioral and occupational health risk factors (by active interviewing method) were obtained. The observation groups consisted of machine-tool workers of the machine-building enterprise with different work experience (Group 1 — ≤5 years; Group 2 — &gt; 5 years). Numerous violations of lifestyle characteristics of machine operators were revealed, priority health risk factors were established: bad habits, low physical activity, violation of quality nutrition, low medical activity. The absence of self-preserving behavior in everyday life and in the workplace was shown. The increase in the prevalence of behavioral risk factors in the dynamics of length of service, and pronounced differences in the understanding of the significance of behavioral and occupational risk factors depending on age have been established. The results justified the need for a differentiated approach to the development of preventive programs to preserve health and longevity of the contingent of workers, taking into account the length of service, age and nature of work.

Study of Literature on Risk Management for Employee Health and Safety in Construction Projects

Assessing possible risks in construction projects helps predict risks and plan risk management strategies. In construction projects, many factors can affect project completion, including the risk of work accidents. This research aims to look for Occupational Health and Safety risk factors for COVID-19 in construction projects by conducting a literature study on several previous studies. The research methodology is a literature search using the Publish or Perish application. Relevant literature is then used as a source of research. Based on the results of a literature study, twenty-eight risk factors are considered to have the potential to occur in construction projects consisting of eighteen OHS risk factors and ten COVID-19 risk factors. The five most common risk factors for OHS in previous studies were: falling from a height, being hit by material, being electrocuted, being scratched by workers, being punctured by material, and being hit by heavy equipment.

Factors Associated with Fatigued Driving among Australian Truck Drivers: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Fatigued driving is one of the leading factors contributing to road crashes in the trucking industry. The nature of trucking, prolonged working time, and irregular sleep patterns can negatively impact drivers' health and wellbeing. However, there is limited research in Australia investigating the impact of demographic, occupational, or lifestyle factors on fatigue among truck drivers. This cross-sectional study examines the role of demographic, occupational, lifestyle, and other health risk factors associated with fatigue among Australian truck drivers. This study was part of a larger study that used a short online survey with a follow-up telephone survey to capture in-depth information on a wide range of determinants related to truck drivers' physical and mental health outcomes. Fatigue was measured by three questions, including the frequency of fatigue, fatigue management training, and strategies used to combat fatigue. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the specific impact of demographics, occupational factors, lifestyle factors, and other health risk factors on fatigue. In total, 332 drivers completed both the online and telephone surveys; 97% were male, representing drivers from broad age groups and professional experience. The odds of being in the high-risk fatigue group were nearly three times higher in drivers who worked 40-60 h compared to those who worked < 40 h. Poor sleep increased the odds of high-risk fatigue by seventimes (95% CI: 2.26-21.67, p = 0.001). Drivers who reported experiencing loneliness also had double the odds of being at high risk of fatigued driving. The increased risk of fatigue in truck drivers is associated with prolonged working hours, poor sleep, and social aspects such as loneliness. Further interventions seeking to reduce driver fatigue should consider the impact of work schedules, the availability of quality sleeping spaces, and the level of social connections.

Impacts of climate change on occupational health indicators in the three climatic regions of Iran

ABSTRACT Climate change has increased the exposure risk of workers to occupational health risk factors and diseases. This study aims to investigate the impacts of climate change on the occupational health indicators at the workplaces in Iran. This study was conducted during 2021 in three climatic regions of Iran. Required data was collected from Health Deputies of Medical Universities and Iran Meteorological Organization. Stepwise linear regression model used for data analysis and predictions were done based on three scenarios of SSP1–2.6, SSP3–7.0, and SSP5–8.5 during the period of 2021–2100. This indicated 2.6 and 2.9 times higher percentage of workers who were exposed to heat stress and Ultra Violet (UV) radiation, respectively, in the provinces understudy. This study suggests a holistic approach to address potential impacts of climate change on workers’ health and safety that would benefit in making decisions on climate-related planning and developing the adaptation strategies at workplaces.

Characteristics of Diagnosed and Death Cases of Pneumoconiosis in Hubei Province, China, 1949-2019.

This study aims to summarize the characteristics of diagnosed pneumoconiosis and pneumoconiosis death in the Hubei Province of China, between the years 1949 and 2019, and provide clues for the scientific prevention of pneumoconiosis. We recruited 23,069 pneumoconiosis cases in Hubei Province, China, from 1949 to 2019. Basic information and occupational surveillance information were obtained from the Hubei Occupational Diseases and Health Risk Factors Information Surveillance System. The annually diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases showed an overall increasing trend from 1949 to 2019 in Hubei Province. The major types of pneumoconiosis were coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP, 49.91%) and silicosis (43.39%). Pneumoconiosis cases were mainly engaged in mining (75.32%) and manufacturing (12.72%), and were distributed in Huangshi (35.48%), Yichang (16.16%), and Jingzhou (7.97%). CWP (47.50%) and silicosis (44.65%) accounted for most of the deaths. The number of pneumoconiosis cases and deaths in Hubei increased in the period of 1949 to 2019. Silicosis and CWP contributed to the predominant types of pneumoconiosis. Prevention and control measures should continue to be taken to reduce the morbidity and mortality of pneumoconiosis.

Epidemiological characteristics and trend of new cases of occupational pneumoconiosis in Hubei Province from 2011 to 2020

Objective: The epidemiological characteristics and trend of occupational pneumoconiosis in Hubei Province from 2011 to 2020 were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the development of prevention and control strategies for occupational pneumoconiosis. Methods: In March 2021, the data of newly occupational pneumoconiosis in Hubei Province from 2011 to 2020 were collected by the Occupational Diseases and Health Risk Factors Information Surveillance System. Descriptive statistics were adopted to analyze basic situation, region, industry, type of disease, year of diagnosis, age of onset and dust exposureduration of the cases. Results: From 2011 to 2020, a total of 7203 new cases of occupational pneumoconiosis were reported in Hubei Province, including 7125 (98.92%) men and 78 (1.08%) women. The average age of onset was (54.03±10.12) years old. The average duration of dust exposure was (13.80±9.56) years. The mainly types of pneumoconiosis were coal worker's pneumoconiosis (3593 cases, 49.88%) and silicosis (3301 cases, 45.83%). The cases included 4814 cases (66.83%) of stage Ⅰ pneumoconiosis, 1270 cases (17.63%) of stage Ⅱ and 1119 cases (15.54%) of stage Ⅲ. New cases mainly distributed in Yichang City (1586 cases, 22.02%), Shiyan City (1257 cases, 17.45%), Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (1050 cases, 14.58%) and Huangshi City (1009 cases, 14.01%), and occurred most frequently in coal mining and washing industry (3743 cases, 51.96%) and nonmetallic mining industry (582 cases, 8.08%). Pneumoconiosis patients of stage Ⅲ were mainly distributed in small enterprises (401 cases, 50.25%) and domestic enterprises (796 cases, 99.75%) . Conclusion: Coal worker's pneumoconiosis and silicosis accounted for the vast majority pneumoconiosis in Hubei Province. The new cases show obvious regions, industries and type of disease distribution. We should strengthen occupational health supervision in small and domestic enterprises.

Evaluation of occupational health and safety risk factors in Turkish marine fish hatcheries

In this study, the approaches of employees in marine fish hatcheries to occupational health and safety were determined. Cronbach’s α coefficient was calculated as 0.858 in the reliability of the scale and scale factors based on internal consistency. In addition,factor analysis according to the varimax method was found to be approximately 64%. It was determined that 68% of the employees were not aware of the relevant laws. In addition,85% of the employees are aware of the dangers and risks in their workplaces. In the event of a negative situation in the workplace,the rate of those who know their legal rights is 73% (p ≤ 0.05). In addition,91% of the employees stated that they would use their right to object in a risky situation and quit the job. Sixty per cent of the employees stated that their jobs can satisfy them sociologically and economically throughout their life.

Investigation on occupational hazard factors in teaching and research places of a university

Objective: To investigate and monitor the occupational hazards in the Teaching and Research Laboratory (hereinafter referred to as the place) of a university, so as to provide basis for the occupational health work in the university. Methods: November 2014, 46 places in a university were selected by stratified random sampling, and the occupational health risk factors were investigated. Results: Indoor temperature, humidity, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide were detected in 21 sites, xylene and hydrofluoric acid were detected in 6 sites, and colony count was detected in 18 sites, the power frequency electric field intensity was measured in 23 places, and the x-ray radiation dose was measured in 4 places. Noise was measured at 21 sites, with 7 sites exceeding the standards accounting for 33.3% (7/21) ; 21 sites were detected for illumination and 10 sites for nonconformity accounting for 47.6% (10/21) ; 10 sites for Microwave Radiation and 3 sites exceeding the standards accounting for 30% (3/10) ; and 25 sites were detected for outdoor air volume and air velocity, the percentage of unqualified was 72% (18/25) in 18 sites, among which the wind velocity was statistically significant in teaching, research and experimental sites (P=0.010) . Conclusion: The occupational hazards in the teaching and research places of a university should be paid attention to, and the engineering protection and personal protection should be strengthened in the experiment.

Occupational Health and Safety Risk Analysis in Construction Projects: A Systematic Literature Review

The construction service business world always wants the best results in every project activities carried out. One of the best desired outcomes is the timely completion of a construction project, but this is often not achieved for several reasons, one of which is occupational health and safety incidents that occurs in a construction project. Based on the background of the problem and the results of a literature review sourced from 40 journals from 2011-2021, the journals collected and reviewed discussed occupational health and safety in construction projects. Therefore, it is very necessary to implement an OHS (Occupational Health and Safety) management system during construction work. Occupational health and safety aims to create conditions that support work comfort for workers, so as to improve risk management. Using sources based on previous research, the following will identify the types of occupational safety and health risk factors that most often occur in construction work. The types of risks that will be discussed here will be divided into three types based on internal risk, external risk, and project risk. Types of risk are divided into two types, namely technical and non-technical risks. Based on data from a total of 40 studies that have been reviewed, there are 22 studies that have Project Risk as the risk that causes 76% of risk in a building construction project.

Occupational health problems and major risk factor profile of non communicable diseases among workers in the Aquaculture industry in Visakhapatnam.

ABSTRACTBackground:Globally the rapid growth of the aquaculture sector has generated a huge work force posing significant risks to the workers due to the combined effect of the exposure to hazards at the workplace and unhealthy lifestyle.Aim and Objectives:To study the morbidity profile of workers in the aquaculture industry in terms of the occupational health problems and risk factors of non-communicable diseases.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 135 workers in five aquaculture farms. Ethical Committee clearance was obtained. Data regarding the occupational health problems and major risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) was collected by using a pre-designed pretested questionnaire after obtaining informed consent from workers. The blood pressure and random blood sugar levels were measured at the time of the interview.Results:Most of the participants were in the age group 18-66 years and 94% were males. Major occupational health problems reported were musculoskeletal (56.3%), neurological (48.1%), stress related (46.7%), injuries (43%), skin infections (23%). Regarding risk factors for NCDs- 16.3% were current smokers, 51.1% were alcoholics, 50.4% had a sedentary lifestyle, <1% consumed fruits and vegetables. Among participants, 65.2% had central obesity, 28.2% were hypertensive, 9.6% were diabetic. The on-site evaluation showed that most of the aquaculture farms lack safety measures.Conclusion:The study identified potential occupational health problems and risk factors for non-communicable diseases among workers in aquaculture farms. The deficiencies in the safety measures at the workplace were also identified through on site evaluation. Hence there is a need to educate the workers regarding healthy lifestyle and safety at work place. There is a need to overcome organizational challenges at the workplace by adopting safety measures for a better working environment and to reduce the significant risk of exposure to hazards.

Public Health Impacts of Underemployment and Unemployment in the United States: Exploring Perceptions, Gaps and Opportunities.

Background: Unemployment, underemployment, and the quality of work are national occupational health risk factors that drive critical national problems; however, to date, there have been no systematic efforts to document the public health impact of this situation. Methods: An environmental scan was conducted to explore the root causes and health impacts of underemployment and unemployment and highlight multilevel perspectives and factors in the landscape of underemployment and unemployment. Methods: included a review of gray literature and research literature, followed by key informant interviews with nine organizational representatives in employment research and policy, workforce development, and industry to assess perceived needs and gaps in practice. Results: Evidence highlights the complex nature of underemployment and unemployment, with multiple macro-level underlying drivers, including the changing nature of work, a dynamic labor market, inadequate enforcement of labor protection standards, declining unions, wage depression, and weak political will interacting with multiple social determinants of health. Empirical literature on unemployment and physical, mental, and psychological well-being, substance abuse, depression in young adults, and suicides is quite extensive; however, there are limited data on the impacts of underemployment on worker health and well-being. Additionally, organizations do not routinely consider health outcomes as they relate to their work in workforce or policy development. Discussion and Conclusions: Several gaps in data and research will need to be addressed in order to assess the full magnitude of the public health burden of underemployment and unemployment. Public health needs to champion a research and practice agenda in partnership with multisector stakeholders to illuminate the role of employment quality and status in closing the gap on health inequities, and to integrate workforce health and well-being into labor and economic development agendas across government agencies and industry.