Occupational Health Knowledge Research Articles

Factors Influencing Occupational Health and Safety among Nursing Students in Their Clinical Placements: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Occupational health and safety aims to promote and maintain optimal physical, mental, and social health for workers in their occupations. Within Saudi Arabia, adequate information must be gathered to address the various factors influencing occupational health and safety among nursing students to minimize occupational health hazards and ensure a safe clinical environment. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between April and September 2023, involving 150 nursing students. Data collection included questions to gather sociodemographic information, and contained an instrument assessing the participants' knowledge of occupational health and safety and evaluation of risk control in clinical environments. Blood and other bodily fluids, workplace violence, needle-stick injuries, and injuries caused by sharp instrument tools were identified as the most prevalent occupational risks among the participants. Most nursing students were aware of occupational health and safety, with a high level of compliance with occupational health and safety measures and personal protective equipment use. We also identified a statistically significant correlation between occupational health and safety knowledge and risk control evaluation among nursing students. To ensure a safe and beneficial clinical training area, student nurses must complete extensive occupational health and safety courses before moving to clinical areas to reduce potential hazards that may affect their lives.

Evaluation of occupational health and safety training for nursing students

Introduction. Nurses, who constitute the largest part of the healthcare team, start to encounter many occupational exposures from the beginning of their education and this exposure continues throughout their professional lives.
 Aim. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of occupational health and safety education on the knowledge levels of second year nursing students.
 Materials and Methods. The sample of the quasi-experimental research with a single-group pre-test post-test design consisted of 261 second-year nursing students. The data of the research were collected with the "Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire" and the "Occupational Health and Safety Training Questionnaire" between March-June 2018.
 Results. The average age of the students participating in the research is 20.87±1.31. When the pre-test and post-test occupational health and safety knowledge levels of nursing students were compared, it was found that the rates of knowing the occupational health and safety law correctly, knowing the responsibilities of the employees, knowing the occupational hazards for the health workers, and knowing what to do to prevent the sharps injuries were statistically significant. level was found to increase (p <0.05).
 Conclusion. In the study, in which the effect of occupational health and safety education given to second-year nursing students on occupational health and safety knowledge levels was evaluated, it was determined that the education provided an increase in the students' knowledge of occupational health and safety law, occupational hazards and protection from occupational hazards for healthcare workers, notification of occupational accidents and waste management.

Effects of a Problem-Based Learning Education Program for Occupational Health Nursing Using Smart Learning on Occupational Health Knowledge and Nursing Professionalism.

This study aimed to develop a problem-based learning program for occupational health nursing using smart learning, and to report the program's effects on occupational health knowledge and nursing professionalism. A quasi-experimental study was performed using a non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design. An occupational health nursing problem-based learning program using smart learning was developed, and students produced videos containing problem-solving strategies in groups. The experimental and control groups consisted of 34 and 29 participants, respectively. To collect data, an online survey was conducted before and immediately after the intervention. The experimental and control group's mean scores for occupational health knowledge before the intervention were 5.74 and 7.41, respectively. Additionally, the mean scores for nursing professionalism were 3.45 and 3.66. After the intervention, both the knowledge on occupational health and nursing professionalism score improved to 8.26 and 3.64 in the experimental group. This study reported significant improvements after conducting the occupational health nursing education program. These results demonstrate the need to develop a nursing education program for problem-based learning utilizing smart learning. Moreover, filming videos in cooperation with students can improve the effectiveness of education by improving knowledge.

Occupational health and safety knowledge, attitudes and practices among healthcare workers in Accra Ghana

BackgroundHealthcare workers operate in an environment, that in relation to exposure to biological hazards is considered to be a hazardous occupational setting, compared to other workers in other industries. This paper sought knowledge, attitude, and practices of Occupational Health Safety (OHS) among healthcare workers in Accra, Ghana. MethodsThe study was a cross-sectional design. A validated questionnaire which contained questions on risk assessment and safety practices, was used to obtain data from 365 respondents, who worked in 12 public healthcare facilities in Accra. ResultsAlmost all the respondents 95.9 % and 97.0 % respectively have a very high knowledge regarding occupational health and safety and of cross infection prevention with 69.9 % obtaining knowledge from occupational, health and safety training programs. However, this high knowledge was at variance with practice. Five critical issues reported relating to awareness vis a vis practical usage was: wearing gloves (99.4% vs. 94.0 %); regularly washing hands with bacterial agents (98.0% vs. 94.5 %); proper disposal of sharps (99.4% vs. 94.0 %); wearing of masks (97.7% vs. 86.3) and prophylactic treatment procedure after exposure (95.3% vs 55.6 %). Findings relating to respondents’ attitude towards Occupational Health & Safety in terms of agreements were as follows: all exposures to occupational hazards should be reported to and appropriately documented by appropriate authorities (97.8 %); importance of proper hand washing after every procedure or each contact with a patient (98.4 %); the necessity of personal protective equipment to reduce the risk of exposure to the occupational hazard (97.8 %) and wearing aprons and facemasks in procedures where splash/spill of blood and body fluids is likely (97.3 %). ConclusionThe respondents demonstrated a high level of knowledge of occupational hazards but this was not mostly translated into practice. Training courses, curricular and seminars as they relate to OHS should be intensified, and compliance in adhering to mitigation measures should be addressed. These findings are useful and will influence policy towards health and safety of workers at the workplace.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Work Accidents in the Production Section at PT Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero)

Background: A work accident is an unwanted incident at work that can result in physical harm or even death. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) knowledge is still lacking, employees know that PPE has been provided but the attitude of using PPE is still lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the incidence of work accidents in the production department. Methods: The research method is a quantitative design with a case control study approach using a simple random sampling technique. Data processing and analysis were carried out using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: The results of this study indicate that there is an influence between workers' attitudes towards work accidents (ρ = 0.002). Meanwhile, years of service (ρ=0.185), use of PPE (ρ=0.824), knowledge (ρ=1.000), behavior (ρ=0. 654) and Action (ρ = 1.000) showed no effect on the incidence of work accidents. Conclusion: Workers with a new work period tend to have more work accidents. The frequency of work accidents unaffected by the use of PPE. In addition, having high or low knowledge does not ensure that an employee will not be exposed to risk factors or have an accident at work, particularly in high-risk industries. The attitudes of employees concerning workplace accidents are influenced. Nonetheless, there is no correlation between employee conduct and the frequency of workplace mishaps. Another result is that one of the factors that might lead to work accidents is human conduct, specifically risky activities.

Hubungan Pengetahuan K3 dan Sikap dengan Unsafe Action pada Mekanik Bengkel di Pulogebang Jakarta Timur

The average motorcycle repair industry grows and operates in the informal sector. Mechanic activities such as oil change services, oil filter replacement, carburetor cleaning, spare parts replacement, and engine disassembly usually come into contact with chemicals such as lubricants or oils, thinners, battery fluids, and gasoline. These activities can lead to work accidents and diseases such as slips, sprains, pinches, falls, and being hit by work equipment such as pliers and screwdrivers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between occupational safety and health knowledge and attitudes towards unsafe actions in mechanics in Pulogebang, East Jakarta. This study uses an analytical observational research method with a quantitative research approach. The research design used was a cross-sectional study conducted at a motorcycle automotive workshop. The sampling method used was a saturated sampling technique with 38 respondents. The tools used in this study were questionnaires on occupational safety and health knowledge, attitude, and unsafe action. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between occupational safety and health knowledge (p=0.000) and attitude (p=0.000) with unsafe action. Occupational safety and health knowledge had a wald value of 4.732 and attitude had a wald value of 4.806. Therefore, the attitude variable had a greater influence on unsafe action. The Nagelkerke R-Square of 0.582 means that the variables of knowledge and attitude could explain 58.2% of the variance in unsafe action. There is a significant relationship between K3 knowledge and attitude with unsafe action among mechanics in Pulogebang, East Jakarta.

Occupational Health and Safety Knowledge correlated with The Use of PPE among Home Industry Furniture Workers in the Production Process

Work accident is an unexpected event that can cause loss and damage to both physical, and property and cause death. One way to prevent work accidents is to increase understanding related to occupational health and safety so that workers have the behavior of using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in accordance with the need to protect themselves in order to avoid work accidents. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between knowledge about occupational health and safety and the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for furniture home industry workers in the production process in Balongrejo Village, Berbek District, Nganjuk Regency. The design of the study used correlational with a cross-sectional approach with a total of 42 respondents which selected by the Proportional Random Sampling technique. The independent variable in this study was knowledge of occupational health and safety and the dependent variable was the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The results of the Spearman rank test showed that there was a correlation between Occupational Health and Safety Knowledge and the use of PPE for Home Furniture Industry workers in the production process in Balongrejo Village, Berbek District, Nganjuk Regency with strong correlation strength. The knowledge of workers with the behavior of using PPE is directly proportional so that the better the knowledge possessed, the better the behavior reflected, therefore it is important for nurses as educators to provide education to workers regarding the use of personal protective equipment

Analysis Of Occupational Safety And Health Risk Using The Hazard And Operational Study (Hazops) Method For Repairman

Knowledge of occupational safety and health is very important for every job, but in practice there are still violations of OHS committed by Repairman such as not using personal protective equipment which is a mandatory requirement to carry out when doing work. By not implementing the OHS program in the workshop, it will have a negative impact in the form of increased incidence of work accidents and occupational diseases. Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS) is an attempt to identify the hazards of a process if it deviates from what it should be, hazops is a very systematic, thorough, and complete technique. Based on the results of preliminary studies that have been carried out, it is found that Griya Motor 168 City Market South Tangerang has 6 workers, all workers do not use personal protective equipment, for this reason researchers are interested in examining risks using the HAZOPS method . The general purpose of this research is to analyze occupational safety and health risks using the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS) method at the Griya Motor 168 Pondok Cabe Workshop in South Tangerang. This research is a qualitative research. The techniques used in data collection are field observations and interviews. Data analysis begins with identifying Occupational Safety and Health risks by determining study points (nodes), deviations, causes, consequences and actions. Based on the results of the study, 8 potential hazards were obtained with 2 high categories, 4 medium categories, and 2 low categories. With this research, it is hoped that the company will improve safety for workers to reduce the risk of work accidents, for PPE, it should be emphasized and controlled because there are still workers who are negligent in using PPE

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Knowledge, Practices and Injury Patterns among Solvent Manufacturing Workers: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Adequate knowledge and practice of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is essential to reduce workplace injuries. This cross-sectional study aims to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the level of knowledge, practice, and injury patterns related to OSH among workers in a solvent manufacturing factory. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to select 286 respondents who were given validated self-administered questionnaires through WhatsApp and paper. Secondary data on workplace injuries were also collected between December 2021 and October 2022. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS Version 27. Results: The majority of the workers exhibited good knowledge levels of OSH at their workplace, with all workers showing moderate to good levels of OSH practices. There was no significant association between gender, age, education level, and work experience with the level of OSH knowledge. However, significant associations were observed between gender and age with the level of OSH practices with p = <0.001 for both factors, while no significant association was found between working experience and education level with the level of OSH practices. Moreover, the study found no significant association between knowledge and practice, knowledge and injury, as well as practice and injury. Over 11 months, three incidents were reported, with acute injuries caused by chemical hazards and physical risks. Workers also reported issues related to the enforcement of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), ergonomic problems, environmental factors, and the condition of their workstations. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for safety and health training to improve the workers’ OSH practices and reduce the incidence of workplace injuries in the manufacturing factory.

Mindfulness-based Interventions as a Breakthrough on Occupational Stress of Working Professionals: A Trilogical Approach

Occupational stress is increasingly recognized as contributing to the deterioration of employees’ productivity and overall performance. Emerging research interest has gained significance in mindfulness in the workplace. Within this body of knowledge, research investigating the effects of mindfulness interventions on employee health and well-being has substantial practical implications for organizations. The current bibliometric study investigates the research landscape of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in the workplace as a breakthrough in occupational stress. The present research study aims to fill the gap in the literature by conducting a scientific and bibliometric mapping of occupational stress in employees, using a methodological trilogy with the application of SMART, Prisma and R bibliometric tools. The analysis focuses on the different trends implanted in using various keywords, authors and journals. A total of N = 642 data consisting of peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from the Scopus database. Research is carried out based on an average citation of 17.44 per document; the research also shows an average citation of 3.632 per year per document. This study fosters to provide an overview of the trends in journals, popular author keywords, authors and country collaboration with the respective source impact, which helps to provide information for researchers in the field of MBIs at the workplace that will set a futuristic potential to propel further with mindfulness training programmes at workplace, thus mitigating the stress levels and improving the well-being of the employees. Advancing scientific understanding by researching MBIs for occupational stress contributes to the body of knowledge of psychology, organizational behaviour and occupational health.

Perception of the activity-based working concept by bank's employees as a working condition.

The aim of the research was to explore the potential of the concept of work in the activity-based working (ABW) environment, including its impact on stress, back pain and psychomedical parameters of employees subjected to and not subject to relocation. The data of 396 employees of both sexes were analyzed. The study used standardized psychological questionnaires to measure the level of perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), the level of readiness for change (Readiness for Change Questionnaire), the severity of health behaviors (Health Behavior Inventory) and the level of general self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale). The set included questionnaires measuring the level of knowledge of occupational health and safety rules and the frequency of back pain. In the group of people whose workplace was moved to another building (in accordance with the concept), the relationship between the level of stress and selected variables: age, sense of generalized self-efficacy was checked. A significant negative correlation between the level of stress and age was confirmed (ρ = -0.16, p = 0.023), meaning a decrease in the level of stress with age. The level of stress correlated positively with the sense of efficacy (ρ = 0.21, p = 0.003), which means, the higher the sense of effectiveness, the higher the level of stress. In addition, it was confirmed that the level of stress in the group of people changing their location differed significantly from the general population. Work in the ABW concept can contribute to the improvement of interpersonal communication and facilitate the social integration of employees and better evaluation of work in this model. Work in concept has not been shown to be a protective factor against back pain in people with obesity. It was confirmed that in people relocated from traditional office to office in the concept, relocation was associated with stress, but also with a greater sense of self-efficacy. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(4):526-40.

Incidence of the exposure to blood and blood products and its relationship with the medical education accreditation among last grade medical students in Turkey

Abstract:
 Backgrounds: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the blood contact and needle-stick injury rates of final-year (year-6) medical students receiving their education and training at medical schools in different regions of Turkey and to analyse the relationships between blood contact and needle-stick injury and the personal variables of students and accreditation certifications of medical schools.
 Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, self-reporting questionnaires were completed anonymously by consenting final-year medical students. The study population (N = 7900) included all final-year medical students attending the 76 medical schools of Turkey. Of the 76 medical schools, 13 were selected by stratified random sampling, according to their accreditation certification and geographical location, which resulted in 2786 final-year medical students being contacted for participation. The dependent variable was percutaneous contact and the timing of the contact. The independent variables were the personal characteristics, occupational health and safety knowledge, invasive medical procedure skills, and blood-borne disease knowledge of final-year medical students, as well as, the accreditation certification of medical schools. Comparisons between groups were analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression.
 Results: 83.8% (n = 2334) of 2786 final-year medical students contacted, consented to participate. Blood contact rates of 75.2% for intact skin contact, 20.0% for mucosal contact, and 35.4% for percutaneous contact were reported; with27.0% of medical students reporting contaminated blood contact. The average percutaneous time-to-contact was 8.95 ± 0.09 months, with the percutaneous contact rate approaching 50% in the 12th month of the hazard analysis. Percutaneous contact was significantly higher in students who received no formal occupational health and safety training (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11-1.50) and who attended non-accredited medical schools (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.26-1.66). Percutaneous contact increased significantly in medical students with increasing invasive medical procedure applying scores (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04-1.09).
 Conclusion: The final year of medical education and training is a high-risk period for percutaneous contact, with the evidence suggesting that the high risks could be mediated by implementing appropriate occupational health and safety education and training. The accreditation certification of medical schools is a significant independent variable in exposure risk. The low blood-contact reporting rate among medical students is a serious concern that requires the implementation of appropriate interventional measures.
 Key words:blood contact,needle-stick injury, medical students, accreditation, occupational health and safety

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Impact on Time and Cost of East Java'S National Road Projects

<em>Road infrastructure development has increased in the last three years. Like the construction of other infrastructure projects, the implementation of this road project also carries a high risk of work accidents. Therefore, knowledge of Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) is needed to minimize the potential risk of work accidents. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) in national road projects in East Java and review what can be done so that the implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OHS) in national road projects in East Java can run better. This research began with data collection through the questionnaire method, distributed to the national road project head office in East Java, with the respondents being project managers or project leaders. Furthermore, the collected questionnaire data were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. The results of the partial least squares analysis show that the factor that most influences the application of OHS is the Management Role Factor (X2) which ranks first, with the Management Role variable having an effect of 25.07%.</em>

PENINGKATAN KESADARAN TENTANG KESELAMATAN KERJA DI RUMAH TEMPAT TINGGAL MELALUI SOSIALISASI DAN PELATIHAN SAFETY HOUSE DI RT 23 KELURAHAN BAGAN PETE KOTA JAMBI

Home is often considered the safest and most comfortable place for us. Everyone certainly thinks at home is the safest place. But without our knowledge, the house can also pose a danger when the occupants are active there. Domestic hazards and risks such as fire, food poisoning, dangerous goods, accidents, etc. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) knowledge must be possessed by all families living at home, even though every day housewives and housemaids are basically people who live daily lives at home who need awareness about safety management. at home. In preparing for socialization activities and safety house training, it is necessary to establish Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) cadres in RT 23, Bagan Pete Village, Jambi City and increase the HR of these cadres through training. The training aims to make cadres and housewives understand and increase their awareness of the importance of the safety house in their daily activities at home. With these socialization and training activities, it is hoped that the understanding of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) and safety houses for housewives can increase.
 Participants who received material on safety house socialization and training gained increased knowledge and awareness about work safety at home, which can be seen from the results of pre-test and post-test and statistically proven to have a significant effect. Characteristics Participants who participated in the safety house socialization and training were the majority of participants aged 27-34 years (63.3%), the most with high school education (83.3%) and the majority not working (76.7%).
 Keywords : Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), Safety House

The Effect of Health Promotion Media on Knowledge of Work Safety and Health of Students of 3 State Vocational School, Jambi City

Media or visual aids in health promotion can be interpreted as tools for promoting health that can be seen, touched, heard, tasted or smelled, to facilitate communication and dissemination of health information. The purpose of this study was to find out how the influence of the application of health promotion media (audiovisual) on increasing the knowledge of students at SMK Negeri 3 Jambi City. This study used the Pre-Experimental method by designing one group pretest and posttest. The research location was carried out at SMK Negeri 3 Jambi City. The study population consisted of 221 students and the sample was taken using a proportional stratified random sampling technique with a total of 65. Data analysis used the Paired/Related T test. The results of the study showed that there was an influence from the health promotion media intervention carried out on the knowledge of students at SMK Negeri 3 Jambi City. From the paired t-test conducted, the p-value for knowledge was 0.000. This proves that there is influence before and after being given an intervention using health promotion media. From this study it can be concluded that there is an influence of interventions using health promotion media on students' knowledge of occupational safety and health (K3) at SMK Negeri 3 Jambi City.

Investigation of the Efficiency of Occupational Health and Safety Education of Agriculture Department Students in Vocational High Schools

The basis of occupational hazards and risks in agriculture, which is a high-risk sector, is due to the behavior of farmers based on a lack of knowledge. In this sense, farmers are required to have knowledge of occupational health and safety (OHS) in agriculture and to carry out their work with the following health and safety measures. The easiest way to achieve this is to implement these measures by making a habit of them together with technical experts working with the farmers in the field. In this context, it is important that agricultural, food, and laboratory technicians, who play an important role in ensuring soil and animal health and safety, acquire this information during their training. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of occupational health and safety training prepared for students studying in the relevant departments of vocational high schools. Occupational health and safety training in agriculture was given to students from the agriculture and laboratory department of İstanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School, which was determined as a pilot school in Ankara, and the awareness of high school students in the field of occupational health and safety was measured and especially on OHS in pesticide use. The tests applied at the beginning and end of the training were analyzed at the end of the study and it was concluded that they gained the awareness to a large extent. While the awareness score was 55 in the test performed at the beginning of the training, the awareness score increased to 95 after the training.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Occupational Health and Safety among Health Care Workers at Al-Shifa Medical-Complex in Gaza-Strip, Palestine

Background: In the healthcare setting, occupational hazards are posed a crucial risk for healthcare workers (HCWs). Few studies highlighted the knowledge, attitude, and practices of occupational health and safety (OHS) among HCWs in the Palestinian context. Therefore, this study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices among HCWs in Gaza Strip. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 330 HCWs. The self-administered questionnaire was used in this study, including 32 items Likert scale for knowledge, attitude, and practices toward OHS. Data analyses were applied by using SPSS version-24. Frequencies, chi-square, and independent t-test were used to test the categorical and continuous variables. Results: In this study, 330 HCWs were recruited from different departments. The main results showed 54.9% of the nurses were having the highest level of OHS knowledge, while 66.7% of administrative careers were having the lowest percentage. Regarding OHS’ attitude, the results indicated that 47.7% of the nurses were having a positive, while 83.3% of the engineers and technicians were having a negative attitude. Moreover, the data analysis showed that 50.4% of the nurses were having good practice towered OHS, while 62.5% of the radiologist technicians were having poor practice. Furthermore, this study showed that the majority (80.3%) of the HCWs were not receive training courses in OHS. Conclusion: Even though the knowledge, attitude, and practice were sufficient among nurses compared with other HCWs, it was still a gap between them. Therefore, a focus training program in OHS is needed to engage the policy and procedures of OHS in hospital services.

THE CORRELATION AMONG KNOWLEDGE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH), SAFETY AWARENESS AND UNSAFE ACTION ON NURSES IN HOSPITAL

Background: Unsafe work behavior, such as not wearing PPE, not following work procedures and work safety regulations, and not working carefully is an action that caused 88% of work accidents. The rate of occurrence of minor work accidents in hospitals is 20% higher than workers in other industries. Purpose: To prove that there was a correlation between knowledge of OSH as well as safety awareness and unsafe action on nurses in Hospital X. Method: This study used an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was 88 respondents, and it was taken by using the total sampling technique. The research instrument used was a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data analysis used Somer's d test for bivariate data processing and the Ordinal Logistics Regression test. Result: The results of the Somer's d test for correlation between the knowledge of OSH and unsafe action resulted in p-value 0.00, while the results of the Somer's d test for correlation between safety awareness and unsafe action resulted in p-value 0.000. Furthermore, the Ordinal Logistics Regression test that was carried out with the independent variable in the study that had a greater effect on unsafe action was safety awareness with a wald value of 15.001. The results of the Nagelkerke R-square were 0.482 (48.2%), hence the independent variables could explain the dependent variable by 48.2%. Conclusion: The result of this study showed that there was a significant correlation between the knowledge of occupational health and safety awareness with unsafe action.

Family Support to Improve Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in the Informal Sector

Introduction: Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) for formal sector workers is held along with regulations, joint commitments, training, and continuous monitoring. This condition cannot be applied for informal sector, so it approaches that can be performed such as activating social support from workers’ environment. This study aimed to determine for social support to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice of OHS workers in informal sector. Methods: This study a quasi-experimental with pre-posttest and control group design. Subjects were 90 limestone workers taken by Multistage Sampling from Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia. Subjects were divided into health promotion by family support and peer support (FS&PS), peer support (PS), family support (FS), and control (C) group with treatment period of one month. Variables were measured using a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire. The obtained data then analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.001) in the knowledge, attitude and practice of OHS in limestone workers. FS&PS group gave the highest score for knowledge variable. There was no significant differences between OHS attitude between FS&PS and FS only (p=0.787). The biggest influence of attitude changes was from the FS group. The OHS practice has no significant differences between PS and C group (p=0.696), while other groups have significant differences. Conclusion: The biggest influence of changes in OHS practice was in the FS group. The combination of FS&PS is more effective in increasing knowledge, while attitude and practice are more effective if involving FS.

Analisis Pengaruh Pengetahuan K3 terhadap Perilaku Pekerja Konstruksi ( Studi Kasus : Proyek Preservasi Jalan dan Jembatan Ruas Jalan Perintis Kota Makassar )

Inadequate Work Safety Standards and the still high number of work accidents in Indonesia, are evidence of weak attention to the importance of K3 aspects in a construction work. This is motivated by the discrepancy between the understanding of Occupational Safety and Health (K3) knowledge and the application of construction worker behavior, especially in the Makassar City Pioneer Road and Bridge Preservation Project. The assumption of the use of tribute safety which is always underestimated is the cause of the above problems, so it requires direction and guidance on mechanisms, management systems and risks borne by the importance of Occupational Safety and Health. The research method used is regression and correlation analysis, where the regression equation describes the functional relationship to the variables studied. The results showed that there was a high positive correlation relationship between K3 knowledge and work behavior with a correlation value of 0.608 with a range of interpretation of the value coefficient between 0.600 – 0.799. As well as the coefficient of determination (Adjusted r square) of 0.366 or 33.6% of the variables reviewed, which means that 66.4% is influenced by other variables.