Analysis Of Occupational Accidents Research Articles

Analysis of occupational accidents in the construction industry with regards to selected time parameters

Abstract The construction industry is characterized by a large variety and variability of implementation conditions. Construction works are carried out throughout the whole calendar year under varying atmospheric conditions, both during the day and also during the evening and night. Construction workers also often work overtime that exceeds the eight-hour working day. Work in such conditions creates a particularly high threat to the health and life of working people. In the issues of work safety the most important is worker, who in the accident process has a triple role: the decision maker, the perpetrator of an accident and the victim. The purpose of this article is to examine whether there is a dependence between the number of occupational accidents in the construction industry and time parameters such as: the time of an accident, the day of the week and the month in which an accident occurred. The article also attempts to determine the dependence between the age of the injured person, work experience and the number of hours worked by the injured person from the time of starting work to the moment of the accident.

The application of cluster analysis to identify the occupational profile of people injured in accidents in the Polish construction industry

Cluster analysis is a tool used to analyze data and to group similar data into homogeneous groups called clusters. The aim of cluster analysis is to detect “natural” clusters - groups that can be interpreted in a sensible way - in a set of analyzed data. The objective of the research is to present the occupational characteristics of people injured in occupational accidents in the Polish construction industry using cluster analysis. The article presents the results obtained from the analysis of occupational accidents, which occurred in the years 2008-2014 in five Polish voivodeships: Dolnoslaskie, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Lubelskie, Lubuskie and Slaskie. The impact of the following features was identified and examined in the paper: the status of the victim’s employment, his occupation, age, work experience, and also the preparation of the employee to perform duties at a workplace. 361 occupational accidents were analyzed. On the basis of the conducted cluster analysis, a professional profile of people who are most often injured in occupational accidents in the Polish construction industry was developed.

Analysis of Occupational Accidents in Underground and Surface Mining in Spain Using Data-Mining Techniques.

An analysis of occupational accidents in the mining sector was conducted using the data from the Spanish Ministry of Employment and Social Safety between 2005 and 2015, and data-mining techniques were applied. Data was processed with the software Weka. Two scenarios were chosen from the accidents database: surface and underground mining. The most important variables involved in occupational accidents and their association rules were determined. These rules are composed of several predictor variables that cause accidents, defining its characteristics and context. This study exposes the 20 most important association rules in the sector—either surface or underground mining—based on the statistical confidence levels of each rule as obtained by Weka. The outcomes display the most typical immediate causes, along with the percentage of accidents with a basis in each association rule. The most important immediate cause is body movement with physical effort or overexertion, and the type of accident is physical effort or overexertion. On the other hand, the second most important immediate cause and type of accident are different between the two scenarios. Data-mining techniques were chosen as a useful tool to find out the root cause of the accidents.

Analysis of the dependence between the number of accidents at workplaces that involve scaffolding and changes in work efficiency

The purpose of the article is to present the occupational characteristics of people injured in accidents at workplaces that use construction scaffolding. The results obtained from the analysis of occupational accidents involving construction scaffolding, which took place in five Polish voivodships: Dolnoslaskie, Lubelskie, Lubuskie, Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie between 2010-2015, were presented. 177 occupational accidents were analysed. On the basis of post-accident protocols, the following occupational characteristics of employees who suffered from accidents were identified: the age of the victim, the time of day when the accident happened and the season of the year. In turn, on the basis of a review of the subject literature, the course of changes in an employee's performance during the day, week and calendar year was determined. The relation between efficiency and the identified occupational characteristics of the injured parties was determined.

An Analysis of Occupational Accidents in Demolition Work

The significance of occupational health and safety is becoming better understood every day, and in this respect, countries institute various arrangements and conditions. Measures to be taken to prevent occupational accidents and disease are determined, and laws and regulations are made accordingly. Thousands of accidents happen every year in the construction sector, which is one of the most dangerous in terms of safety. These range from simple cuts and scratches to life changing injuries and death. It is also important to consider demolition work, which is one of the branches of the construction sector and a permanent part of our daily life, according to occupational health and safety. In this article, demolition work is discussed according to occupational health and safety statistics and occupational accidents in demolition are considered. The accidents studied and classified are taken from all 653 occupational accidents in demolition work registered in 1984-2012 in the workers' section of the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). According to the analyzed records, each kind of hazard in demolition work is evaluated with regard to different work procedures and the results are shown.

An Occupational Profile of People Injured in Accidents at Work in the Polish Construction Industry

Abstract The construction industry in Poland and in the world is characterized by a high level of threat to the life and health of workers. In accident processes, a man exists in a triple role, namely: a decision maker, a perpetrator of an accident and a victim. Statistical data published by the Central Statistical Office regarding the causes of accidents indicates that human causes account for around 60% of all reported cases. Identification of the factors affecting the accident rate and also the direct causes of accidents is the first step in determining the directions of preventive action. The aim of the research conducted by the authors of this article is to present the occupational characteristics of people injured in accidents at work in the Polish construction industry. The article presents the results obtained from the analysis of occupational accidents that occurred in the years 2008-2014 in five voivodships of Poland, namely: Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Slaskie, Lubelskie, Dolnoslaskie and Lubuskie. The paper identifies and examines the impact of the following characteristics: the employment status of a victim, occupation, age, length of service, preparation of the employee to perform duties at a workplace and the size of an enterprise in which the accident took place. 485 occupational accidents were analysed, 37% of which were fatal accidents, 61% were severe, and 2% were light.

Estudio de costos relativos a los accidentes laborales en la Empresa Pública Metropolitana de Agua Potable y Saneamiento de Quito. Período 2010 – 2015

Se realizó un análisis de los accidentes de trabajo ocurridos a los trabajadores y empleados de la EPMAPS. Los datos utilizados fueron proporcionados por la empresa y corresponden a un total de 103 accidentes registrados en el período comprendido entre el 01 de enero de 2010 y el 31 de diciembre de 2015, con base en los avisos de accidente remitidos al IESS. Se partió de un análisis estadístico descriptivo de las principales variables como edad, tiempo de servicio, entre otras (Ramírez, 2011), con la finalidad de determinar los costos directos, indirectos y totales de los accidentes laborales ocurridos en el período observado, para, de esta manera, analizar cómo los llamados “costos” incurridos por la empresa en el sistema de gestión de seguridad en realidad constituyen una inversión, por la cuantificación de recursos económicos y tiempo en el desempeño de las funciones de los trabajadores en sus actividades laborales que se podrían ahorrar con la implementación de un sistema de gestión en seguridad en el trabajo.

Analysis of occupational accidents encountered by deck cadets in maritime transportation

ABSTRACTThe 2010 Manila amendments to the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping Code (STCW) was adopted by the idea to render the profession more attractive to the seafarers, particularly to cadets. It is possible to ensure greater attraction only by providing suitable and safe working conditions on board to cadets. This study analyses occupational accidents and near misses encountered by ocean going deck cadets, who received A-II/I training, during their sea training. The aim of this study was to determine causal factors influencing work accidents and to propose several recommendations for the safety of deck cadets. A total of 857 officer candidates, who received maritime education at university level in Turkey, were interviewed. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used in the study to analyse the occupational accidents. As a result of this study on deck cadets, the most risky areas for work accidents were found to be the deck (39.9%), cargo areas (35.7%), areas used for manoeuvring operations (including winch areas and areas in which berthing, unberthing, and anchoring operations take place) (16.1%), and accommodation areas (8.3%). The most important root causes for occupational accidents were identified as not using personal protective equipment (24.2%), haste (22.6%), and presence in inappropriate places (13.6%). This study offers some important insight into the prevention of occupational accidents, and includes suggestions and advisory opinions of sector representatives. As a result of this study, several recommendations for the prevention of accidents are proposed.

Bayesian Decision Tool for the Analysis of Occupational Accidents in the Construction of Embankments

AbstractInstability and poor construction practices are responsible for the high accident rate in embankment construction in Spain. Applying a methodology based on data mining and attribute selection and using a 6-year database of accidents, key attributes in accidents associated with the construction of embankments were analyzed. Once the main predictors were identified, Bayesian networks in order to quantify the specific causes of different types of accidents were built. Thus, the main reasons for accidents as a preliminary phase to enhancing safety and embankment stability in mining and civil engineering works can be accurately identified and quantified.

Developing techniques for cause-responsibility analysis of occupational accidents

The aim of this study was to specify the causes of occupational accidents, determine social responsibility and the role of groups involved in work-related accidents. This study develops occupational accidents causes tree, occupational accidents responsibility tree, and occupational accidents component-responsibility analysis worksheet; based on these methods, it develops cause-responsibility analysis (CRA) techniques, and for testing them, analyzes 100 fatal/disabling occupational accidents in the construction setting that were randomly selected from all the work-related accidents in Tehran, Iran, over a 5-year period (2010–2014). The main result of this study involves two techniques for CRA: occupational accidents tree analysis (OATA) and occupational accidents components analysis (OACA), used in parallel for determination of responsible groups and responsibilities rate. From the results, we find that the management group of construction projects has 74.65% responsibility of work-related accidents. The developed techniques are purposeful for occupational accidents investigation/analysis, especially for the determination of detailed list of tasks, responsibilities, and their rates. Therefore, it is useful for preventing work-related accidents by focusing on the responsible group’s duties.

Analysis of occupational accidents: prevention through the use of additional technical safety measures for machinery

This article presents an analysis of results of 1035 serious and 341 minor accidents recorded by Poland's National Labour Inspectorate (PIP) in 2005–2011, in view of their prevention by means of additional safety measures applied by machinery users. Since the analysis aimed at formulating principles for the application of technical safety measures, the analysed accidents should bear additional attributes: the type of machine operation, technical safety measures and the type of events causing injuries. The analysis proved that the executed tasks and injury-causing events were closely connected and there was a relation between casualty events and technical safety measures. In the case of tasks consisting of manual feeding and collecting materials, the injuries usually occur because of the rotating motion of tools or crushing due to a closing motion. Numerous accidents also happened in the course of supporting actions, like removing pollutants, correcting material position, cleaning, etc.

Characteristics of Occupational Accidents in Korean, Chinese, Japanese and Western Cuisine Restaurants

AbstractThis study aims to provide an analysis of occupational accidents in commercial kitchens by restaurant type. In this research, 1,846 injured persons of restaurant kitchens accidents from 2009 to 2011 have been categorized by Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and Western cuisine restaurants. Also, these data were analyzed in terms of properties of the workplace (size of employment), injured persons (gender, age of injured person, and work experience), and accidents (accident type and agency of accident). The results showed the following patterns by the restaurant types: (1) While accidents at Korean (72.2%), Chinese (80.8%), and Japanese (64.0%) cuisine restaurants occurred mostly in small kitchens with under 5 employees, Western cuisine kitchens of this size had an accident rate of only 39.1%; (2) 30–40% of injured persons had less than 1 year of experience in Korean, Japanese, and Western cooking, whereas in Chinese kitchens, less‐experienced cooks composed a larger portion of patients (56.2%); (3) each cuisine showed different leading types of injuries. Slips and falls for Korean kitchens (29.2%), caught in and between objects for Chinese restaurants kitchens (55.3%), and cuts/amputations/punctures in Japanese and Western restaurants (42.1% and 34.8%, respectively) were the biggest contributors to injuries in each type of restaurant. These findings of accident properties according to restaurant types can be used as baseline data for establishing systemized preventive policies.

A Comparative Analysis of Occupational Accidents between Indoor and Outdoor Workers in Telecommunications Industry

Objective: This study aims to analyze the characteristics of occupational accidents and injuries of telecommunications line and cable workers by type of workplace and operational process of cabling service and to provide baseline data in establishing the preventive policies for occupational accidents and injuries. Background: In order to set up the preventive policies for occupational injuries and illness systematically, the accident analysis by industry should be preceded. To establish more effective policies, it should be done by occupation for persons who work in various kinds of occupation rather than by industry for persons who do in the same occupation. Method: In this study, the 176 occupational accidents and injuries were classified by type of workplace - indoor (inside building) and outdoor (at the top of utility pole, in a manhole, or in the fields) - and also done by operational process involved at the time of the accident. By analyzing the characteristics of occupational injuries and illness by type of workplace and operational process, respectively, this study can be helpful in establishing the preventative policies for occupational accidents and injuries. Results: The characteristics of occupational accidents and injuries by type of workplace showed that there were differences in terms of accident rate between indoor and outdoor on age of the injured, while not on employment-size and work experience of the injured. In addition, the characteristics on accident type, agency of accident, parts of body affected, and operational process between indoor and outdoor workplaces were statistically different each other. Conclusion and Application: The findings of occupational accidents’ characteristics can be applied to the establishment of systematic preventative policies for occupational accidents of telecommunications line/equipment workers.

Objectives and Early Results of the Centre for Study on Safety Culture and Prevention

In the present paper the framework of a complex research activity carried out in the field of occupational accidents is described. The activities are here introduced with their early results related to: a) the analysis of large database of occupational accidents, with the aim of identifying, through the clustering of similar events, the more critical features to be used in risk assessment and prevention; b) the in-depth analysis of occupational accidents, that through a combination of Event Tree and Fault Tree Analysis, leads to focus step by step the intermediate and root causes of work-related accidents; c) the collection, classification and analysis of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions as precursors of occupational accidents, in order to identify the measures to be adopted to minimize their recurrence. The set of procedures, tools and data retrieved are intended to help different end-users to maximize the effectiveness of occupational accident prevention.

An exploratory analysis of occupational accidents and risks from nuclear reactors in India

Modeling analysis of rare events like occupational accidents from nuclear power plants are crucial to understand potential risks. India is poised for a major expansion of civil nuclear energy in the coming decades; such an analysis with this background becomes more important. With this background, this paper explores the pattern of the historical data on severity and frequency of accidents in the select nuclear power plants of India. Based on the historical trend, econometric projections have been undertaken on the estimates of fatality, severity rates within the different uncertainty limits. Results of the projection exercise seem to indicate that there is a probable likelihood of a rise in fatal accidents in nuclear power plants in the absence of incremental safety culture. Further, through a downscaled analysis of global nuclear accidents, the severity and frequency rates of accidents for the Indian nuclear power plants are estimated. Overall, appreciative of the fact that there has not been many major accidents in the past, the results however communicate there is a need to continuously step up policy interventions and safety culture to tackle fatal accidents in nuclear power plants of India.

Occupational Accidents in the Energy Sector: Analysis of Occupational Accidents that Occurred in Thermal and Hydroelectric Centrals Between 2002 and 2010 in Turkey

Work accident is a phenomenon which occurs suddenly and then creates negative effects. Work accidents happen in energy sector as other sectors. Thermal and hydroelectric plants exploited in world energy sector play a crucial role in power generation. Lots of work accidents occur in thermal and hydroelectric plants during power generation and the negative results affect all the surrounding places. In this study, work accidents which occurred between 2002 and 2010 in thermal and hydroelectric plants playing a crucial role in power generation in Turkey were analyzed, evaluated and interpreted. In this analysis, the year 2002 was taken as the basic reference and the work accidents in the following years were evaluated according to the reference year. The number of deaths, number of continuous physical disability resulting from the work accidents in plants, reasons of the accidents, the injuries resulting from the accidents, educational status of the employees and similar issues were numerically analyzed. It was determined that a great number of work accidents occurred in plants resulting from industrial works and continuous physical disability and deaths occurred as a result of these works. Moreover, various recommendations were made in order to take the necessary precautions towards preventing the work accidents in these plants.

Causes of Coal Mine Accidents in the World and Turkey.

Occupational accidents and occupational diseases are common in the mining sector in Turkey and throughout the world. The most common causes of accidents in coal mining are firedamp and dust explosions, landslips, mine fires, and technical failures related to transport and mechanization. An analysis of occupational accidents in the consideration of social and economic factors will let understand the real causes behind these accidents, which are said to happen inevitably due to technical deficiencies or failures. Irregular working conditions, based on profit maximization and cost minimization, are related to strategic operational preferences and public policies. Proving that accidents in mines, where occupational health and safety measures are not implemented and inspections are not done properly or at all, are caused by the fact that production is imposed to be carried out in the fastest, cheapest, and most profitable way will allow us to take steps to prevent further mine accidents.

A System Dynamics Approach for Modeling Construction Accidents

A construction project is prone to occupational accidents due to its dangerous characteristics and unpredictable changes. Occupational accidents can be caused by members of the supply chain, namely the parties involved in construction projects, from the management to workers, working environment, and work stress related to targets, costs, quality, and time. An accidents will cause an impact to costs, especially OSH costs. Therefore, it is important to know variable correlation that causing the accident.Various studies have been conducted to determine the variables causing accidents and the influences of occupational accident on the performance of a construction project, especially the cost. However, the studies are uncompleted, they do not comprehensively describes the relationship between the causes, accidents, and its influence on the supply chain.A system dynamics approach is a simulation method in solving real-world problems to describe relationships among variables in complex real systems. The simulation method for the analysis of occupational accidents in the construction project is considered appropriate because of the probabilistic characteristic of variables that influence it. The resulting model describes the process of occupational accidents and the direct and indirect cost incurred. In the end, the model generates OSH cost components that need to be controlled as well as improvements in the supply chain of subcontractors and supervisors to enhance the quality of workers.

Analysis of occupational accidents with agricultural machinery in the period 2008–2010 in Austria

The number of serious accidents at work, despite improved technology, coordinated prevention measures and better training and higher skill levels of farmers, is still very high in the Austrian agriculture and forestry. The scenarios in which people are injured are manifold. Parametric information of recognized accidents with different machines in agriculture and forestry in Austria in the years 2008–2010 was evaluated descriptively and analytically. This information included data about the accident victim, activity, accident course and cause as well as type of injury and the affected body parts by frequency and contexts. As analytical test method the chi-square test and odds ratio analysis were used. The aim was to determine the information content of parameters, in particular for the accident-causing human–machine interaction, from accident reports to derive prevention measures that meet the demand. The results showed that the information content of accident reports, because of insufficient information about the accident-causing human–machine interaction, does not suffice to derive or develop further sustainable preventive measures. Only through additional injury surveys and evaluations of accident and new machines was it possible to derive prevention measures meeting the demand according to accident course and cause.

Exploring the relationship between major hazard, fatal and non-fatal accidents through outcomes and causes

Smaller severity more frequent accidents can provide information about the direct and underlying causes of bigger severity more catastrophic accidents but only if looking within the same hazard category. Use is made of a database of around 23,000 Dutch serious reportable accidents 1998–2009 that have been analysed in Storybuilder™ in 36 hazard specific bow-ties using a management-task-safety barrier model of failure causation. The data are first developed as hazard specific accident triangles to show differences in lethality. Then comparisons of fatal and non-fatal accident causes are carried out, showing commonality in causes. The same is done for two case studies of catastrophic accidents – the Amercentrale power station scaffold collapse in the Netherlands and the major chemical accident at the Buncefield oil storage depot in the UK. Results indicate that, provided accidents from different hazard bow-ties are not mixed together, small severity more frequent accidents can be used to consider the causation and hence prevention of the bigger severity rarer accidents. This leads to the conclusion that the analysis of occupational accidents can help in addressing major ones providing it is restricted to the same hazard type, contradicting the view that personal and process safety are totally unrelated.