Occlusal Scheme Research Articles

Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Marginal Bone Level (BL) in Two Implant-Retained Mandibular Overdenture With Lingualized Occlusion (LO): A Six-Year Clinical Trial.

The objective of this research was to assess the marginal bone loss and stability in a lingualized occlusal scheme with implant-supportedmandibular overdenturesas a viable solution for individuals experiencing difficulties with the retention of conventional mandibular dentures. The study assessed the marginal bone level (BL) using radiographic evaluation and clinically by evaluating periodontal health using probing depth indexvalues over a period of 6 years. Ten completely edentulous male patients with a bone height (BH) of 15-25 mm at the mandibular symphyseal region and dissatisfaction with their mandibular conventional complete denture were included in the study. Patients were willing to accept the conditions of the study and provide informed consent. Bleeding index, plaque index (PI), probing depth, and crestal BL were accessed during the follow-up period. Marginal BLs using Wical and Swoop Analysis method were evaluated at baseline (BL) (during loading), 3 yearsand 6 years post-loading. During the observation period, there was no incidence of implant loss, and all patients expressed contentment with the retention, stability, chewing functionality, and esthetic appeal of their dentures.Marginal BLs through clinical and radiographic evaluation, periodontal health using bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth were assessed during the follow-up period. Throughout the entire period of observation, no instances of implant displacement were detected. The study found that the use of a lingualized occlusal scheme with two implant-retained mandibular complete overdenture effectively transmitted horizontal loads, reduced stress on individual implants leading to decreased bone loss, and increased stability.

Indications, design considerations, and clinical outcomes of implant-supported fixed prostheses

Implant-supported fixed prostheses are a highly successful treatment option for replacing missing teeth, offering improved esthetics, function, and patient satisfaction. Design considerations play a crucial role in achieving optimal outcomes. Implant distribution and angulation should be carefully planned to ensure balanced load distribution and biomechanical stability. Occlusal considerations are vital to minimize mechanical complications and implant overloading, with proper adjustments and occlusal schemes implemented. The emergence profile should replicate natural tooth contours for esthetic integration and ease of oral hygiene maintenance. Material selection is essential, considering factors such as occlusal loading, esthetic requirements, and patient-specific considerations. Biomechanical analysis helps identify stress distribution patterns and optimize prosthesis design for long-term success. Patient satisfaction is high, with improved chewing ability, speech, and overall quality of life reported. Long-term success rates exceed 90%, influenced by implant survival, peri-implant health, maintenance of prosthesis integrity, and patient satisfaction. Thorough patient assessment, treatment planning, precise surgical and prosthetic execution, and comprehensive follow-up care are crucial for favorable outcomes. Implant-supported fixed prostheses provide functional and esthetic restorations, enhancing oral health and overall well-being.

An assessment of masticatory efficiency and occlusal load distribution in adolescent patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with functional jaw orthopedics: A prospective cohort study

IntroductionFunctional jaw orthopaedics, produces a radical change in the occlusal scheme and the masticatory apparatus, particularly in patients with Class II malocclusion. It remains to be seen how the changes brought about by a functional appliance alter the masticatory ability of a growing child, who needs the necessary nutrition to properly grow the craniofacial region. Materials and methodsPretreatment and Post-treatment values of masticatory efficiency and the distribution of the occlusal load at centric occlusion were evaluated and compared for 20 patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion undergoing functional jaw orthopaedics. ResultsSignificant increase in the masticatory efficiency was seen during and after treatment (p < 0.5) There was an increase in the anterior distribution of occlusal load associated with a concomitant decrease in the posterior region at centric occlusion. ConclusionImprovement in the masticatory efficiency was observed after treatment of a retrognathic mandible with functional jaw orthopaedics in the adolescent participants with Class II malocclusion. This highlights the importance of treatment with functional jaw orthopaedics, which apart from providing esthetic and functional improvement also improves the ability of a growing child to extract proper nutrition from his/her diet.

Effect of Occlusal Scheme in All on 4 Implant Retained Overdenture on Occlusal Fore Analysis Using T-Scan

Effect of Occlusal Scheme in All on 4 Implant Retained Overdenture on Occlusal Fore Analysis Using T-Scan

An appraisal on occlusal concepts and classifications of full mouth rehabilitation: A systematic review

Aim: The review would aim to provide an appraisal of the current understanding of occlusal concepts and their classification in relation to full mouth rehabilitation.Settings and Design: Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.Materials and Methods: Two researchers looked through the first search results to weed out duplicates and studies that weren't pertinent to the research issue. When choosing the publications, the titles and abstracts were examined to find the pertinent studies. The full versions of these studies were then retrieved, and the third investigator evaluated them for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Additionally noted were the explanations for studies' exclusion. Finally, the studies that were chosen were those that provided answers to the review's queries.Age, gender, cause of occlusal wear, T&M classification of the clinical condition, applied occlusal scheme, practical applicability of the philosophy, assessment of vertical dimension of occlusion, treatment outcome, and patient comfort are the variables taken into account for the study.Statistical Analysis Used: Qualitative analyisis.Results: A total of 1143 studies were found which were screened and assessed for eligibility. Out of these 36 articles were full text articles. Of these 17 studies did not meet the eligibility criteria since they failed to mention the occlusal concept incorporated in full mouth rehabilitation procedure.Out of 19 included studies, 10 were Studies with Full mouth occlusal rehabilitation using Hobo’s twin stage technique, 8 were studies Included Studies with Full mouth occlusal rehabilitation using Pankeymann-Schuyler philosophy and only 1 study was Full mouth occlusal rehabilitation using other techniques. All the included studies were case reports; except one study, which was Case series.Conclusion: Efforts must be made to create a harmonious occlusal interface by accurately diagnosing the cause of disorders and making intra-oral alterations. The Turner & Misserlian categorization shows most cases to be category 1, treated with the canine-guided occlusal concept using the HOBO twin-stage philosophy. This method simplifies the procedure without sacrificing accuracy.

Rehabilitating a severely worn dentition with removable prosthodontics

In the next part of this series on tooth wear management, we discuss the indications and clinical stages for the provision of removable prostheses for the treatment of severely worn and depleted dentitions. The general design features of a complex prosthesis are described for reorganised occlusal schemes and maintenance guidelines are explained. In addition, the clinical stages for three different situations are described: removable-only approaches, and combined fixed and removable in the same arch and separate arches. The value of providing removable prostheses in worn dentitions allows the immediate rehabilitation of severely worn teeth taking a non-invasive and retrievable approach when the remaining dentition is of poor quality or structure and/or there are missing teeth.

Comparative evaluation of hemispheric and masticatory laterality in complete dentures with two occlusal schemes - A prospective cohort study.

The lateralization can influence the choice of occlusion scheme, patient comfort and success of the prosthesis. The existence of favored masticatory side in complete denture patients and its influence with various occlusal schemes is less analyzed in the literature. The study objective was to compare the masticatory and hemispheric laterality in complete denture subjects rehabilitated with 2 different occlusal schemes at different time intervals. The cohort study recruited 26 patients in each group of balanced and non-balanced occlusion with definitive criteria. Conventional procedures were followed in denture fabrication. The hemispheric and masticatory laterality for all participants were established at 0,1,3- and 6-month intervals. The laterality was categorized as preferred chewing side (CPCS), predominant preferred chewing side (PPCS) and observed preferred chewing side (OPCS). The data on chewing side preference was analyzed by chi square test. (α=0.05). Right side preference was predominant in 86.1% of non-balanced and 60.1% of balanced occlusion participants. The side preference among the 2 laterality and across time interval decreased in masticatory laterality of balanced occlusion participants (P<.05) when compared to non-balanced occlusion. (P>.05). The balanced occlusion dentures had lesser masticatory side preference when compared to non-balanced occlusion complete denture.

Retrospective Cohort Evaluation of Full-Arch Zirconia Implant-Supported Fixed Prostheses.

Objective: To determine the median event-free survival and relative complication rates of monolithic and minimally layered full-arch zirconia prostheses, as well as to identify risk factors for prosthesis complications. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 129 subjects (173 prostheses) were included in the chart review and 56 subjects (75 prostheses) participated in a clinical follow-up visit. All subjects had either single- or dual-arch monolithic or minimally layered zirconia implant-supported prostheses. Data related to patient, implant, and prosthesis factors were extracted from charts. The subgroup that presented for a clinical visit were asked to complete a satisfaction questionnaire. For this subgroup, the following clinical measures were assessed: routine intraoral examination, number of occluding units, cantilever length on each side of the prosthesis (right and left), prosthesis height, occlusal scheme, and oral hygiene methods. Periapical radiographs were obtained when the last radiographs of the patient were taken more than 12 months prior. Results: The follow-up period ranged from 12 months to 7.1 years (mean: 1.9 years). Observed complications included implant loss, peri-implantitis, mucositis, purulence, sinus tract formation, oroantral communication, implant fracture, titanium base debonding, ceramic chipping, prosthetic screw fracture or loosening, damage to opposing teeth, and clicking sounds. There was an insufficient number of complications to evaluate the effect of covariates on the risk of specific complications, such as titanium base debonding (eight events), ceramic chipping (nine events), and peri-implantitis (eight events). The unadjusted event-free median survival time was 5.8 years. The proportion of all prostheses with at least one complication was 30%. There were no observed prosthesis losses during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Monolithic and minimally layered zirconia full-arch implant-supported prostheses demonstrate an acceptable median event-free survival time. Event-free survival times were increased and the number of complications was reduced in prostheses with five to eight implants and conventional (as opposed to zygomatic) implants. There was a reduced hazard of complications with a regular recall regimen. Patient satisfaction with these prostheses was high.

Comprehensive approach for highly resorbed mandibular ridge with complete denture

A 66-years-old female patient was referred to Dental Hospital of Hasanuddin University with a fractured lower den-ture that impaired patient’s masticatory ability. Clinical examination showed full edentulous in both maxilla and man-dible with flat mandibular ridge, absence of inflammatory signs, flabby tissues, and bone prominences as well. The treatment plan was fabrication of complete denture with semi-adjustable articulator and modification in impression technique in order to produce retentive dentures. Preliminary impression and fabrication of anatomic cast followed by bolder molding and physiological impression. Two-dots method was used to determine the maxillomandibular re-lation and measure vertical dimension. Position of the maxilla was transferred using facebow, which attached to the centric tray followed by mounting the cast on a semi-adjustable articulator with guidance from centric tray. Artificial teeth were arranged in lingualized occlusion scheme on wax-pattern and try-in was done. After processing, remount-ing and selective grinding were performed followed by finishing and polishing, and lastly with insertion of both den-tures. It is concluded that impression technique is one of the primary factors in management of flat mandibular ridge in order to utilize surrounding tissues to have both active and passive retention in dentures.

Stress Distribution in 5-Unit Fixed Partial Dentures with a Pier Abutment and Rigid and Nonrigid Connectors with Two Different Occlusal Schemes: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis.

This study aimed to assess stress distribution in 5-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs) with a pier abutment and rigid (RC) and nonrigid connectors (NRCs) with the canine rise and group function occlusal schemes by finite element analysis (FEA). In this FEA study, a geometrical model of the maxilla with natural teeth and periodontal ligament (PDL) was three-dimensionally designed and meshed by ANSYS and Pro/Engineer software programs. A 5-unit FPD was then designed to replace the lost first premolar and first molar teeth; the second premolar served as a pier abutment, and the canine and second molar served as terminal abutments. Two FPDs were designed with RC and NRC. Each FPD was analyzed with the canine rise and group function occlusal schemes (a total of 4 models). The first and second molars (180 N), premolars (120 N), and canine (80 N) teeth were subjected to progressive vertical and oblique (12-degree) loads, and maximum von Mises stress and strain in teeth and connectors were calculated for each model. The models had 73704 elements and 137732 nodes. The connector design and occlusal scheme had significant effects on stress distribution in FPDs. The highest von Mises stress (73.035 MPa) was recorded in FPD with RC and group function occlusal scheme. The lowest von Mises stress (0.004 MPa) was recorded in FPD with NRC and canine rise occlusal scheme. Oblique forces created greater stress, and FPD with NRC and canine rise occlusal scheme decreased stress in FPD and increased stress in the tooth crown.

The relationship between static and dynamic occlusion based on the relationship between anterior and posterior teeth and the occlusion scheme in dentistry students

Occlusion is important in the mastication process. Tooth occlusion is generally classified into static occlusion and dynamic occlusion. Static occlusion is visible through the relation of both anterior and posterior teeth. Incisor relationships were classified according to the British Standard Institution (BSI), while Angle was classified based on the relationship of the first molars in permanent teeth. The classification of occlusion according to Angle and BSI is based on the description of the shape of the arch, tooth position, and tooth contact in the intercuspal position. This study aims to determine the distribution of static occlusion based on the relationship between anterior and posterior teeth as well as dynamic occlusion distribution based on the occlusion scheme and the relationship between static and dynamic occlusion in students of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of North Sumatra. It is a descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional study design. The sample consisted of 100 students with a complete set of teeth. Each sample was examined using shim stock and articulation paper. The results of statistical using the chisquare test showed a significant relationship between static and dynamic occlusion based on the relationship between anterior teeth (p 0.05) and the relationship between posterior teeth (p 0.05).KEYWORDS: occlusion, static occlusion, dynamic occlusion

Marginal bone loss associated with unilateral free end mandibular implant supporting superstructures constructed with different occlusal schemes

AimsThis study was designed to evaluate the amount of bone resorption related to implant in free end saddle in response to different occlusal designs.Patients and methodsTwenty patients with unilateral free end saddle in the lower arch till the second premolar were selected and received delayed single dental implants replacing the first molar tooth. They were divided into two main groups according to the implant superstructure deign (n = 10). Group 1: implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis which follow the principals of implant protected occlusion, and with the occlusal contact area of the crown smaller than the occlusal contact area of adjacent tooth. Group 2: implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis which follow the principals of implant protected occlusion, and with the occlusal contact area of the crown larger than the occlusal contact area of adjacent tooth. Patients were evaluated for the amount of marginal bone level at the time of crown insertion, after 3 and 6 months of function.ResultsThere was a statistically significant change by time in marginal bone loss in both groups especially during the first 3 months. However, there was no statistically significant difference between marginal bone loss regarding the two groups.ConclusionIt was concluded that increasing the occlusal contact area of the implant superstructure has no effect on marginal bone loss.

The Biomechanical Impact of Loss of an Implant in the Treatment with Mandibular Overdentures on Four Nonsplinted Mini Dental Implants: A Finite Element Analysis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical impact, in terms of stress and displacement, at the level of a mandibular overdenture, on four mini dental implants (MDIs) after the loss of an implant. A three-dimensional virtual model was obtained by scanning the overdenture, and a biomechanical analysis was carried out, using the finite element method (FEM). The displacements of the overdenture and the equivalent von Mises stresses were evaluated using logarithmic scales. In the case of a mandibular overdenture on four MDIs inserted in the interforaminal area, the frontal loading generated the lowest values for the von Mises stresses, and the bilateral loading generated the least displacement when two implants were inserted in the canine area and two in the molar area. The highest von Mises stress was observed during frontal loading in the situation of the mandibular overdenture on four MDIs, two of which were inserted in the canine area and two in the molar area, following the loss of an implant in the canine area. The largest displacement was noted in the mandibular overdenture on four interforaminal MDIs during unilateral loading, following the loss of a distally inserted implant. The FEM analysis showed aspects that correlated with clinical observations, with predictive value. The concentration of von Mises stresses, and the occurrence of some displacements of the prosthodontic restoration, can explain the emergence of some complications in the overdenture's biodynamics, and the increased risk of fracture. Complications can be prevented by choosing a certain number of implants and a topographical distribution correlated with biomechanical aspects, and by proposing a correct occlusal scheme with optimal functional loading.

Relationship between Posterior Permanent Dentition Pattern and Radiographic Changes of the Mandibular Condyle.

This study assessed the relationship between posterior permanent dentition and radiographic changes of the mandibular condyle. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 panoramic radiographs of patients over 40 years of age (188 females and 112 males). Panoramic radiographs were evaluated for condylar changes such as flattening, subcortical sclerosis, subcortical cyst, erosion, osteophytes, and generalized sclerosis. Presence of muscle pain and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and sounds, and history of TMJ trauma were also assessed. The occlusal scheme of posterior teeth was analyzed according to the Eichner's index. The frequency of condylar changes was calculated in the right and left sides, and their association with posterior permanent dentition was analyzed by the Chi-square test (alpha = 0.05). The frequency of flattening, muscle pain, TMJ sounds, and erosion was 11.7%, 9.7%, 5.7%, and 3.7% in the right side, respectively. The frequency of flattening, muscle pain, erosion, and subcortical cyst was 12%, 9.3%, 5%, and 5% in the left side, respectively. The frequency of bilateral muscle pain, flattening, TMJ sounds, and TMJ pain was 18%, 16.7%, 11.7%, and 9.3%, respectively. Cases with TMJ trauma, generalized sclerosis, and osteophytes were few. According to the Eichner's index, most patients with condylar changes had classes A and B, and a smaller percentage had class C. No significant difference was noted between healthy individuals and those with condylar changes regarding dentition patterns. No relationship existed between condylar changes and posterior permanent dentition pattern.

Evaluation of zirconia crowns restoring endodontically treated posterior teeth with 2 finish line designs and 2 occlusal reduction schemes: A randomized clinical trial

Statement of problemPreparation design has been linked to restoration survival, and the finish line geometry, such as a deep chamfer or shoulder, has been linked to marginal integrity. However, limited data are available for restoration success with the feather-edge finish line when used with monolithic zirconia crowns with different occlusal reduction schemes. PurposeThe purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical performance of 2 finish line designs (feather-edge and rounded shoulder) in relation to 2 occlusal designs (flat and planar) in endodontically treated teeth restored with monolithic zirconia crowns. Material and methodsSixty-six complete-coverage monolithic zirconia crowns were provided for posterior endodontically treated teeth. The participants were divided into 3 groups based on the preparation design: the control group (PS) had a planar occlusal scheme with a rounded shoulder finish line; the first intervention group (FF) had a flat occlusal scheme with a feather-edge finish line; and the second intervention group (FS) had a flat occlusal scheme with a rounded shoulder finish line. The crowns were designed with the exocad software program and milled with a 5-axis machine. After cementation, clinical performance in terms of marginal adaptation, marginal discoloration, fracture, and secondary caries was evaluated by using the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The gingival index score system was used to evaluate the gingival response. The scores were recorded immediately after cementation and at 3 subsequent follow-up visits every 3 months for 1 year. The chi-squared test was used in all comparisons of outcomes and follow-up durations (α=.05). ResultsIn terms of marginal adaptations, the control group (PS) demonstrated the best marginal adaptation scores during follow-up visits, followed by intervention 2 (FS), and lastly, intervention 1 (FF), which was scored mostly with Bravo. At the third follow-up visit, the intervention 1 (FF) group reported the most gingival responses of all groups. No significant difference among the groups was found in terms of marginal discoloration, fracture, or secondary caries at any of the follow-up visits. Each group received a perfect Alfa score of 100% on all 3 follow-up assessments. ConclusionsIn this 1-year randomized clinical trial, all evaluated preparation schemes and corresponding crowns were clinically successful. The clinical performance of monolithic zirconia crowns of the novel preparation design (FF) was successful in terms of marginal adaption, fracture, secondary caries, and marginal discoloration.

Clinical relevance of Bennett\'s contribution – An overview

Bennett movement has been extensively discussed in the literature, yet the clinical relevance of Bennett’s contribution in the field of Prosthodontics and restorative dentistry remains unclear. An electronic search of articles in PubMed database for relevant literature published between 1958 until present day was meticulously scrutinized with the following search terms: lateral movements or immediate mandibular lateral translation or mandibular side shift or Bennett side shift or Bennett movement. After conducting an extensive and in-depth review of the literature, the authors were unable to conclusively find the clinical relevance of Bennett movement. Moreover, the logical sequence could not be negated fully. For the beginners in the profession, it is desirable to incorporate this for intellectual and logical satisfaction until new research proves otherwise. The Bennett movement have little or no clinical impact in a restorative occlusal scheme.

Algorithm for Designing a Removable Complete Denture (RCD) Based on the FEM Analysis of Its Service Life.

(1) Background: The paper addresses the computer simulation and prediction of the service life of the base of removable complete dentures (RCDs) under typical loads caused by biting and chewing food. For this purpose, the finite element method (FEM) was used. It is assumed that various blocks of teeth, such as incisors, canines, premolars and molars, are subjected to cyclic impacts during a human life. (2) Methods: Both symmetric and asymmetric mastication (two- and one-sided loads, respectively) cases were considered. The load level was assumed to be 100 N, which corresponds to the average muscular compression force of typical human jaws. (3) Results: The FEM analysis of the stress–strain state evolution for RCDs under cyclic loads was carried out. Maps of equivalent lines were drawn for the denture base in terms of its durability. A multi-axial criterion was implemented to determine the number of cycles prior to failure by the mechanism of a normal opening mode crack. The FEM-based assessment of the service life of RCDs enabled us to establish the critical stress concentration areas, thereby allowing for further planning for the correction of an occlusal scheme or teeth inclinations. As a result, the service life of RCDs under cyclic loading can be improved. (4) Conclusions: An algorithm for designing RCDs in the case of edentulism based on the FEM simulation using commercial software as part of the procedure is proposed.

Campagna Technique: A Boon for Debilitated Dentition Patients

Immediate complete denture insertion followed by removal of teeth provides a positive emotional response to the patient by saving the embarrassment of being edentulous and minimal alteration in general appearance, muscle tone, and speech. The patient gets adjusted to the change more quickly; the healing period is faster and less painful. However, the fabrication of immediate denture requires different impression techniques to follow than routine conventional complete denture procedure. This case report presents the fabrication of conventional immediate denture using Campagna impression technique which appears to be more precise among all the techniques as it ensures a similar degree of accuracy of the borders in the dentulous as well as edentulous region of the maxillary dental arch. To provide optimum benefit from the constructed denture, a lingualized balanced occlusal scheme was given.

Survival rates, patient satisfaction, and prosthetic complications of implant fixed complete dental prostheses: a 12-month prospective study.

To determine the survival rate, incidence of prosthetic complications, and patient satisfaction of implant fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs) after a mean observation period of 1.4 years. Twenty-eight (28) eligible participants were recruited according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The definitive metal-acrylic resin IFCDPs consisted of titanium bars veneered with acrylic resin and acrylic denture teeth. Prosthodontic complications, divided into major and minor, were monitored. Parameters such as gender, jaw location, bruxism, and occlusal scheme were evaluated. Moreover, a questionnaire was administered throughout the study to assess patient satisfaction. Poisson regression as well as repeated measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Fourteen (14) males and 14 females were enrolled and followed-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. All IFCDPs survived (100% survival rate). The most frequent minor complication was the loss of material used to close the screw access hole (20% out of total complications). The most frequent major complication was chipping of the acrylic denture teeth (77.14% out of total complications). Gender (p = 0.008) and bruxism (p = 0.030) were significant predictors for the total major complications (major wear and major chipping) while occlusal scheme was a significant predictor for major chipping events (p = 0.030). While IFCDPs demonstrated high prosthetic survival rates, they also exhibited a high number of chipping events of the acrylic veneering material, especially in males, bruxers, and individuals with canine guidance occlusion. However, the occurrence of these prosthetic complications did not negatively affect patient satisfaction.

Complications of Teeth and Implants Adjacent to Canine Implants: A Retrospective Study

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of complications in adjacent teeth and implants when the occlusal scheme changed from canine guidance to group function due to implant placement in canine sites and to compare them according to prosthesis type. Materials and Methods: This study included 41 patients, in whom 52 implants were placed at canine sites by the same clinician. The biological and prosthetic complications of canine implants, adjacent teeth, and implants were recorded. Fractures or mobility due to the traumatic force of occlusion in adjacent teeth were also recorded. The implants were divided into three groups according to the prosthesis type: (1) single crown (SC); (2) fixed partial denture splinted with anterior implants (SA); and (3) fixed partial denture splinted with posterior implants (SP). The prevalence of complications was compared between the three groups using the chi-square test. Results: Nine implants were restored with a single crown, 26 implants were splinted with anterior implants, and 17 were splinted with posterior implants. The prevalence of complications in canine implants was not significantly different between the three groups. Fracture of the adjacent teeth and biological complications of the adjacent implants occurred only in the SP group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that changes in the occlusion scheme due to canine implants can affect adjacent teeth and implants. Canine implants splinted with posterior implants could be more harmful than single and canine implants splinted with anterior implants.