Observational Research Methods Research Articles

The Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Total Blood Cholesterol Levels at Lecturers Muhammadiyah University of Parepare

Today's lifestyle has changed very significantly. This is due to the low balance between activity and exercise in the diet, so health problems often arise. One of the lifestyle changes that have occurred is a change in diet which should be maintained by consuming healthy foods. However, nowadays, many prefer to consume ready-to-eat food (fast food), which contains much-saturated fat, especially for office workers. This study aims to determine the relationship between diet and total blood cholesterol levels in Muhammadiyah Parepare University lecturers. This study used an analytic observational research method with an accidental sampling technique using the solving formula. A sample of 67 people was obtained. This study's results indicated a relationship between diet and total blood cholesterol levels in Muhammadiyah Parepare University lecturers using the Chi-Square test and obtained p = 0.001 < ? = 0.005. Based on the research that has been done, the results show a relationship between diet and total cholesterol levels in Muhammadiyah Parepare University lecturers using the Chi-Square test and the value of p = 0.001 < ? = 0.005. It is recommended to regulate diet and the amount of food that contains fat and carry out periodic checks such as nutritional status, hypertension, blood sugar levels, uric acid and cholesterol regularly at least once every six months to reduce consumption of cholesterol-producing fats

The Implementation Of Madrasah Education Administration In The 5.0 Society Era

Abstract
 The era of society 5.0 is an era of digitalization that is all practical if humans can make the best use of the available technology. This era is centered on people and technology. In this era of society 5.0, many conveniences can be used to facilitate work in all fields, including education. The objectives of education in a madrasa can be realized by implementing a well-implemented educational administration. With the implementation of good administration in the era of society 5.0, it will provide educational services as much as possible. In this study, researchers used a phenomenological design that aims to see the form of service by implementing educational administration in the era of society 5.0 in Madrasah using techniques or research methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. Observations and interviews were conducted to observe and find out the implementation of educational administration carried out in madrasahs in the era of society 5.0. The results of the study found that educational administration is implemented by utilizing all the conveniences available in the era of society 5.0 with humans controlling the technology, but still, the role and function of humans in education administration cannot be replaced by AI.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF TAEKWONDO INTERVENTION IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN NURSING HOMES

Abstract Physical inactivity is prevalent among nursing home residents, and it contributes to loss of lower body muscle mass, which raises the risk of falling for the older adult population. Accumulative evidence shows that engaging in leisure-time physical activity improves physical functions, mental health, and cognitive capacities and provides social benefits in older adults. Taekwondo, a form of Korean traditional martial arts, has the potential to improve the health benefits among nursing home residents in the United States. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the health advantages for nursing home residents of participation in a Taekwondo program modified to accommodate their physical and cognitive conditions. An observational research method was incorporated to explore the health benefits of Taekwondo. 10 prospective participants (5 females, 5 males; mean age = 80 years) from the local nursing home facility participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. The researchers employed Strauss and Corbin's (1998) grand-tour and mini-tour question strategies, as well as Creswell's (2009) five phases of data gathering and analysis. The constant comparative approach was utilized to analyze the data in this study. As a consequence of participating in Taekwondo, four key themes were recognized as health benefits: (a) supporting mental health, (b) increasing physical functions, (c) stimulating cognitive capacities, and (d) facilitating healthy social connection. The findings of this study suggest that Taekwondo might be utilized as a therapeutic intervention to improve physical activity and reduce the negative psychological effects of nursing home confinement.

Realizing common prosperity: The action logic of social entrepreneurship community mobilization in rural tourism

The effective participation of rural residents in tourism social entrepreneurship can improve their quality of life and promote community transformation. Hence, it is important to understand the strategies and process of community mobilization by social entrepreneurs. This study focuses on the strategy of village cadre, who play the dual roles of an entrepreneur and a policy implementer to mobilize community residents to participate in collective tourism entrepreneurship and the mechanism for changing residents’ attitudes in a rural China context, by using the longitudinal research method of nonparticipatory observation and 50 interviews conducted in Yuanjia Village, Shaanxi Province. The results show that the community mobilization of social entrepreneurs has not been accomplished overnight but has undergone a 3-stage dynamic process of change. These results indicate that social enterprises should incorporate indigenous people into their value network in the early stage of tourism development and continue to explore the mechanism of affiliating residents with benefits, so as to further increase residents’ in-depth participation. Residents play the dual roles of producer and collaborator in tourism social entrepreneurship and work with social entrepreneurs to promote the sustainable development of rural tourism and achieve common prosperity.

리좀적 관점에서 바라본 유아들의 바깥놀이

Objectives This article aims at reviewing the processes of experiences and learning in outdoor plays with a rhizomatic perspective, drawing them through a rhizomatic map, confirming authentic values of outdoor plays and their apsects, and making new suggestions for outdoor plays which have been recognized as superficial values on site.
 Methods For this, participatory observation and visual research methods were applied to 52 five-year-old young children of A Kindergarten in B city. And in order to figure out before and after the plays of the children, who cannot be figured out easily by participatory observation and visual research method, and their close relationships, semi-structured interviews were also conducted. The collected data through participatory observation, visual research method, and interviews were analyzed according to the inclusive analytic procedures based on the Pragmatic Eclecticism suggested by Young-cheon Kim(2016) and the validity was secured through the evidence of the ‘Credibility’ of Lincoln and Guba(1985).
 Results Young children’s outdoor plays starting from an accidental encounter with snails on the way to walk on a rainy day were created through endless connections and contacts. Their plays created by an accidental encounter with snails were categorized into an accidental encounter, recreation by chance, connections and connects, creating meaning, entering into the site of learning, dislocating and learning together, and thinking newly and without limit. Young children exist as nomads who reject territorialization, pursue new arrangements and desires which are different from the present time and try deterritorialization. Therefore, young children’s outdoor plays have neither start nor end and show non-linear and rhizomatic characteristics like roots digging into and stretching out underground endlessly.
 Conclusions Young children’s outdoor plays with the rhizomatic characteristics could not be understood with a tree-type perspective concluded with a center and they require teachers and adults to change their perspectives to the rhizomatic one which is not fixed but changing. And young children can meet the world, think and create learning as actors in plays when they have possibilities of changes and dislocation in play venue, time, play methods, etc.

Student Experience And Compliance With Actions Of Learning From Home During Covid 19 In NTT

On August 6, 2021, the State of NTT confirmed that 41,539 people tested positive for Corona and 790 people died. As one of the states most affected by COVID-19. Transmission of COVID-19 can be prevented through knowledge and attitudes, which influence appropriate preventive actions in communities. One of them is a health student. Health students, especially students, are actively participating in current health trends as they are at the forefront of future healthcare facilities. This study aims to apply the health protocols that have been established. First, most students maintain physical distancing or keep their distance when leaving the house or doing activities in crowds. This study used an analytical observational research method with a cross-sectional approach and a qualitative method with random interviews. Based on the results of the survey and discussion above, 86.9% of Nusa Cendana University students are motivated by good knowledge about COVID-19. 90.6% of students at Nusa Cendana University are motivated by their positive attitude towards COVID-19. 90.0% of Nusa Cendana University students are motivated to take preventive measures against COVID-19. Based on the conclusion, there is a significant one-way relationship between knowledge and behavior of preventing COVID-19 in online learning methods with sufficient correlation strength (p<0.05 and r=0.415) in Nusa Cendana University students. There is a significant one-way relationship between attitudes and behavior to prevent COVID-19 in online learning methods with sufficient correlation strength (p<0.05 and r=0.450) in Nusa Cendana University students.

Hubungan Antara Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Woha Tahun 2022

Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lung tissue caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, chemical exposure or physical damage to the lungs. The bacteria that commonly cause pneumonia are Streptococcus and Mycoplasma Pneumonia, while viruses that cause pneumonia are Adenoviruses, Rhinoviruses, Influenza Virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in the working area of the Woha Health Center. This type of research is an analytic observation research method with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted in several working areas of the Woha Health Center. The research was conducted in January 2022. The population in this study were all toddlers who visited the Woha Health Center. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling of 50 respondents. The data analysis carried out was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The test used was the chi square statistical test with another alternative test, namely the Fisher Excat test with a significance level of p=0.02, HA was accepted because it was proven that there was a relationship between knowledge of pregnant women and attitudes with p<0.05. It was concluded that there is a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in the working area of the Woha Health Center. Based on the results of this study, it is best if health workers, especially midwives, work together with health agencies that carry out outreach activities in order to increase parents' knowledge and information regarding the treatment of pneumonia in toddlers.

Personal or group motivation: which tool is more efficient

In the context of the economic landscape dynamic transformations, the values and behavioral characteristics of an economic agent undergo changes. The head of the organization faces new challenges: how to manage the behavior of the consumers and employees in modern reality, what methods of motivation to use to maximize the economic efficiency of the enterprise. The individualistic concept, based on the neoclassical economic paradigm with the assumptions of complete rationality of agents, does not always give the desired results and needs to be revised taking into account the cross-cultural characteristics of the country. The purpose of the work is to identify the key motivating factors of the individual, to determine the personal and collective prerequisites in the behavior of a group member using the example of a group of students. The article presents empirical work carried out by the comparative, observational and psychometric research methods, using synthesis and a systematic approach. The author reveals the characteristics of the personalities of the collective subgroups on a psycho-emotional basis using the R. Cattell method, the specifics of group segments and reveals social motivation in achieving a common group goal.

Vascular Risk Factor and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly

The elderly are more likely to experience cognitive impairment, especially those who have a vascular risk factor. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between vascular risk factor and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Observational research method with cross-sectional design consist of 79 participant in Tresna Werdha Puspa Karma Social Institution, Mataram from October to November 2021. The subjects were measured blood pressure, weight and height to obtain BMI, glucose level, and total cholesterol. Furthermore, each participant underwent a cognitive function test using Moca-INA. Data were analyzed by chi-square and logistic regression. Diabetes mellitus (p =0.09), hypertension (p =0.037), lower education (p =0,01) and hight blood pressure (p =0.036) were associated with poor cognitive function.

Pengelolaan Sistem Rekrutmen dan Penempatan Guru di MI Al-Mukhlisin Kota Jambi

This study aims to find out and discuss the management in the recruitment and placement of teachers in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Mukhlisin Jambi City. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with observational research methods, interviews, and documentation. The source of the data was obtained from the Head of the Madrasah, a Teacher who has taught in a Madrasah, and a new Teacher in a Madrasah. The results showed that: 1) The process of implementing teacher recruitment and placement was carried out by the Head of Madrasah and Foundation; 2) Recruitment is carried out when the Madrasa needs a vacant position, and the dissemination of recruitment information in the can be orally; 3) The placement of teachers is carried out by the Head of the Madrasah taking into account the place of residence of the applicant; 4) The obstacle encountered in the recruitment and placement of teachers is that information is not widely spread.

The Relationship between Female Students Knowledge and Self-Breast Examination (SADARI) in Early Detection of Breast Cancer

Background: Cancer represents a collection of non-infectious ailments distinguished by the abnormal and malignant growth of cells or body tissues. Internationally, cancer remains a significant contributor to mortality and poses an ongoing challenge to national healthcare systems. Notably, breast cancer stands out as the predominant form of cancer among females, although, in certain instances, it can also manifest in males. Objective: To assess the level of awareness among female students about identifying early signs of breast cancer at State Vocational School 8 Kupang. Research methods: This study employed a quantitative research design, utilizing an analytic observational research method with a cross-sectional approach. The total sample size was 50, selected through a total sampling technique. Results: The analysis revealed that among the 50 respondents, 24 (48%) exhibited a low level of knowledge, and 29 (58%) were unable to perform breast self-examination. The Wilcoxon test yielded a significant value of 0.000 Conclusion: The findings suggest a correlation between students' knowledge and their ability to conduct breast self-examination (BSE) for the early detection of breast cancer at State Vocational School 8 Kupang.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KELENGKAPAN RESUME MEDIS PASIEN RAWAT INAP DI RSUD BATU BARA TAHUN 2021

Every hospital is required to maintain medical records. In the medical record there is a medical resume form which is very important to complete, because it contains the entire medical history of the patient. Problems were still found related to filling out incomplete medical resume forms at Batu Bara General Hospital.The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the completeness of inpatients medical resume at Batu Bara General Hospital. This type of research used an observational research method by using cross sectional design. The total population were 36 doctors who work at Batu Bara General Hospital.The sampling technique used total sampling. The research instrument was questionnaire and checklist sheet. Data analysis used Chi Square test. The results showed that from 36 doctors, 23 doctors (64%) had knowledge in the good category about filling out medical resume sheets and 13 doctors (36%) had knowledge in the poor category while 27 doctors (75%) had attitudes in the good category. and 9 doctors (25%) had bad attitude.The results of Chi Square test showed that there was significant relationship between doctor's knowledge and the completeness of a medical resume with P value of (0.003) (P-value <0.05) and Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 0.081. Meanwhile, the results of the Chi Square test showed that there was a significant relationship between the attitude of doctor and completeness of medical resume with P value (0.021) (P-value <0.05) and Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 0.200. The hospital should provide understanding and socialization to doctors that it is important to complete medical records, especially on medical resume sheets

Pengaruh Tingkat Stress Terhadap Siklus Menstruasi Pada Mahasiswi D III Kebidanan Stikes Hamzar Lombok Timur

Background: Menstruation is bleeding from the uterus that occurs periodically and cyclically, this is due to the release (desquamation) of the endometrium due to a decrease in ovarian hormones (estrogen and progesterone), especially progesterone, at the end of the ovarian cycle, usually starting about 14 days after ovulation. Stress is known as a causal factor (etiology) of menstrual cycle disorders. Objective: To determine the effect of stress on the menstrual cycle in D III Midwifery students at STIKes Hamzar, East Lombok. Methods: Descriptive observation research method with a cross sectional approach. Samples were 69 people consisting of Level I, Level II and Level III with the sampling technique of total sampling. The instrument used was the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire and analyzed by Spearman Rank .Results: The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of stress levels on the menstrual cycle in D III Midwifery students of STIKes Hamzar East Lombok with p-value 0.004 <0.05. Conclusion: There is an effect of stress level on the menstrual cycle in D III Midwifery student at STIKes Hamzar, East Lombok

Pemeliharaan Lightning Arrester (LA) pada Gardu Induk Saketi 150kv di PT. PLN (Persero) ULTG Rangkasbitung

Air transmission lines are very susceptible to lightning strikes resulting in traveling waves that can enter electrical equipment. Surge propagation can cause damage to existing electrical equipment on the transmission line of the substation. One component that has an important role in the substation is the Lightning Arrester (LA) as a protection system from lightning strikes. The purpose of this research is to determine the performance of lightning arresters that are more than 10 years old. Therefore, to ensure the safety of the electric power system from surge voltages and keep the lightning arrester performance reliable, it is necessary to carry out maintenance activities on the lightning arrester. The maintenance carried out is testing Leakage Current Measurement (LCM) and replacing lightning arresters. The research method used is the observation research method in the industrial field with interviews, data collection and analysis and literature study. The results of the LCM test on the old R phase lightning arrester are 112.7 A with a percentage of 86.69% in monitor conditions. So it is necessary to replace the old lightning arresters with new conditions. As for the results of the LCM test on the replacement R phase lightning arrester (new) of 33.4 A with a percentage of 25.69% in good condition.

Literature Review : Determination Of Microplastic Content In Seafood?

Microplastics is a plastic particle with a diameter less than 5mm. Seafood that has been contaminated by microplastics is not safe for consumption because it can cause detrimental biological effects. The objective of this research is to provide an overview regarding the identification of contaminated microplastics in seafood. This Research used the literature review method with the object of research in the form of fish and bivalves originating from the sea. Articles were inquired from 6 online databases, which are Google Scholar, Garba Rujukan Digital (Garuda), Science Direct, Scopus, JSTOR, and EBSCO Host. Articles that are used in this research have an observational research method. There are 7 articles were found for this research. As much as 421 microplastics particle was found in bivalves and 386 particle in fish. The highest microplastics type found is fiber, which contaminates 90.7% of fish and 86% of bivalves. The type of microplastics that are generally found in the digestives system in seafood are fiber and fragment.Keywords : Microplastic, Seafood, Fiber

Performance Analysis Of Fuel Oil Purifier Filtration Process On Ships MV. TANTO LUAS

Fuel oil purifier on board is one of the auxiliary aircraft that plays an important role in separating fuel from water and dirt. The use of clean fuel is to support the operation of the main engine in producing complete combustion. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the problems that may occur with the performance process of the F.O purifier such as the abnormality of the Fuel Oil filtration process on the F.O purifier to anticipate the influence that arises if this aircraft has problems cleaning the fuel from liquid and solid impurities. This research was carried out on board the MV. TANTO LUAS fleet owned by pt. TANTO INTIM LINE, which was carried out for approximately 9 months. The data collection method used in this research is the observation method (observation research method). Primary data here are obtained from direct observations and secondary data are obtained from documents and literature related to this study. The results obtained from this study show that damage occurs and improper installation of the gravity disc can adversely affect the performance of the purifier. This is characterized by the abnormality of the F.O pufirier purification process which results in unclean fuel being wasted out and accommodated in the sludge tank. The corresponding temperature is 85°C and viscosity is 37.8°C (100°F).

A Study of the Impact of Rural-Urban Migration and Urbanization on Public Housing Delivery in Enugu Metropolis, Nigeria

Globally, urbanization is now like a tidal wave sweeping the entire world and its impact is felt more in developing countries like Nigeria, where urban growth is marked by a dramatic shift with emphasis from rural to urban centers. Rural-urban migration which is one of the effects of urbanization has had grievous implications for urban housing delivery in Nigerian cities. Thus, the steady increase in her population over the years and its effect on the housing sector have become a problem of serious concern. Therefore, this research investigates the impact of urbanization and migration from rural areas on housing delivery in the city of Enugu in order to develop sustainable measures that will address the issue. It utilized a qualitative research method of direct observation and review of literature in which primary and secondary data were collected. The research results highlight some of the effects of Urbanization in the study area to include; gross housing shortage, increase housing rent and high land value in the city resulting to the emergence and expansion of many squatter settlements at the periphery of the city, incidence of haphazard situation of developments, change in land uses, violation of planning guidelines, suboptimal amenities and inadequate infrastructure as well as slum conditions. The study also identified 14 peri-urban squatter settlements with an estimated total population of 62,733 people; an indication of about 5.5% unaccounted spill over population with over 11,082 households in the city. Furthermore, it was observed that the current public housing provision in the city of Enugu over the period 1999-2020 is skewed away from low-income earners, who constitute a significant portion of the city's population. Conclusions and recommendations in the report include a call for strategic and comprehensive government intervention in the housing sector, as well as a demand for local building materials and a better use of union housing cooperatives with single digit interest loan for housing finance to ensure adequate provision of affordable housing to the growing population in the city.

Relationship between the characteristics of respondent with fasting blood glucose levels in patients’ diabetes mellitus type 2

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder which is marked by an increase in fasting blood glucose level caused by the demage to the function of pancreas influenced by factors of age, sex, and education. Purpose: To examine relationship between characteristics (age, sex and education) of respondent with fasting blood glucose level in patients diabetes mellitus type 2 in Purwosari public health center Surakarta. Method: This research type and design used is quantitative research, analytic observational research methods with cross sectional research approach. The sample in this research is 92 people with technique purposive sampling. Data collection using questionnaire’s characteristic responden and fasting blood glucose levels with glucometer. The study was conducted in January – February 2020 at Purwosari public health center Surakarta. Data analysis using Chi square test with signicance < 0.05. Result: The majority of respondets have hyperglicemia of 57 people with age range 65 – 79 years, female, level of education is high school. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship of age (p value = 0,006) with fasting blood glucose; sex (p value = 0,017) with fasting blood glucose; education (p value = 0,030) with fasting blood glucose.

ANALISIS FAKTOR RESIKO STROKE AKTIVITAS FISIK REMAJA OBESITAS DI KOTA MALANG

Overweight and obesity in developing countries is a health problem. An increase in body mass index associated with an increase in inflammatory media, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia especially LDL and hypertriglycerides is thought to be a trigger for stroke. Obesity can occur as a result of light physical activity due to an imbalance between energy expenditure and calorie intake. The analytic observational research method used a cross sectional design. The study population was overweight and obese adolescents aged 10-19 years. Nonprobability sampling technique (accidental sampling) with 60 respondents. Data analysis with Pearson's correlation analysis test and discriminant analysis test. Physical activity is a risk factor for stroke in obese adolescents with a sig value of 0.015 where obese adolescents who have low physical activity have a 2 times greater risk of stroke than obese adolescents who have moderate or high activity. Physical activity is not only important for losing weight but for reducing the risk due to increased body weight, one of which is stroke.

The impact of school space on primary education art teachers’ pedagogical practices: a Bernsteinian approach

This article, based on Basil Bernstein’s theoretical framework, aims to contribute to the sociological analysis of the impact of space on the formation of the pedagogical practices of the teachers who teach Arts in Primary education. Data were collected using the research methods of observation and interview on a sample of 20 Art teachers in primary education. The most significant findings of this research revealed that school space impacts and affects the pedagogical practices that they implement. When the Arts are taught in traditional classrooms due to lack of an art room in primary school buildings, the teachers’ pedagogical practices are visible and characterized by strong classification and framing. When the Arts are taught in the art rooms and in outdoor spaces the teachers’ pedagogical practices are characterized by ‘weak’ classification and framing and they seem to tend towards the rules of an invisible pedagogical practice.