Islamic Obligations Research Articles

Good Corporate Governance and Nahdliyah Religious Value for Strengthening Zakat Payer Trust: Case Study of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Community in Indonesia

The research explores factors influencing Zakat payers' trust in Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles, specifically the Nahdliyah religious value (NRV) derived from some theories and concepts aiming to address research gaps in Zakat. This research used quantitative methods involving 750 respondents Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) administrators as Zakat payers throughout Indonesia consisting of 552 districts. NU, the largest community in Indonesia, faces low Zakat capability. This research proposes a new concept, combining Social Identity Theory, Resource Advantage Theory, and the origin of NU values, 'Mabaadi Khaira Ummah', to revive the principles towards the best generation and build NRV as novelty. This research identifies four variables that influence the trust of Zakat payers: NRV, GCG elements (accountability - AC, transparency- TR, and credibility - CR). The findings show that AC and TR do not have a real impact to ZPT as they are only significant at the 10% level, but not significant at the 5% level. CR does not affect ZPT. However, the three variables (AC, TR, and CR) affect ZPT if mediated by NRV, which has significant effect on ZPT. Additionally, the results indicate that NRV acts as full mediation, meaning AC, TR, and CR affect ZPT only through NRV. The new concept of NRV is powerful, fills the theoretical gap and offers a new perspective on religious values in the theory of resource superiority and social identity theory as applied in certain religious fields such as Zakat, as an obligation in Islam. NRV addresses relationships between variables and contributes to the development of trust in Zakat. In addition, NRV can be used to trigger the NU community to increase the volume of Zakat.

Hadist Pentingnya Menuntut Ilmu: Motivasi dan Manfaatnya

This study explores the virtues of seeking knowledge in Islam, focusing on the spiritual and moral benefits that accrue from it. Seeking knowledge is considered an essential obligation in Islam, as it provides the right guidance for living according to religious teachings. Knowledge not only offers worldly benefits but also elevates one's status in the eyes of Allah and within society. It is also considered the legacy of the prophets, which must be preserved and practiced by Muslims. Based on Islamic literature and teachings, this study emphasizes that knowledge is a primary path to achieving true happiness in this world and the hereafter. In conclusion, seeking knowledge is a highly noble deed that brings long-term benefits both individually and collectively in the Muslim community.

The Concept of Dowry According to Imam Al Qurthubi in Tafsir Al Jami' Li Ahkamil Quran (Tafsir Analysis of QS An Nisa Verse 4)

The concept of dowry as a man's obligation to give to a woman allows for opportunities to be criticized, even denied, because it will only be aimed at appearing inferior on one side and superior on the other. So, looking at the concept of dowry from the perspective of the Koran confirms that the concept of the Koran applies in any society and anywhere without looking at the materialistic context. This research uses this method of library research. This research also uses the ijmali method. The ijmali method is a method in which the meaning of the verse is explained concisely and globally but quite clearly. Therefore, researchers used this research based on primary data as the main data in this research, namely Tafsir Al Jami'li Ahkamil Quran by Imam Alqurthubi. The dowry is only given by the prospective husband to the prospective wife, not to other women or anyone else, even if they are very close to her. Other people are not allowed to take it, even the husband himself cannot take it except with his wife's permission. However, if his wife allows it, there is no obstacle for him to wear it. According to Imam Al-Qurthubi, dowry is an absolute right that the prospective wife has. He said that giving a dowry is an obligation in Islam, and the husband must give it voluntarily and is part of the marriage contract process. A dowry is a mandatory gift given by a prospective husband to a prospective wife as a form of a husband's sincerity and sincerity towards his wife to create feelings of love from both of them. The form of dowry given to women is in the form of goods or services. Religion also does not determine the maximum or minimum amount of dowry that a prospective husband must give to his wife. Therefore, due to differences in a man's ability to give the dowry.

Linguistic and Contextual Analysis of Fasting in Surah al-Baqarah: A Jewish-Christian Heritage in 7th Century Arabia

This research examines the Islamic obligation of fasting during the month of Ramadan as outlined in the Quran (Q 2:183-5). The author argues that many Islamic scholars have underestimated the importance and significance of this religious duty, instead focusing on the allowances and exemptions provided in the Quranic verses. Through a semantic analysis of the language and structure of Q 2:183-5, the paper contends that the Quran emphasizes fasting as a crucial act of worship that should not be taken lightly. The conditional sentence structure in the verses is interpreted as a rhetorical device to highlight the benefits of fasting, rather than merely providing relief or exceptions. Furthermore, the paper argues that the Quranic mandate for fasting was not novel, as it built upon pre-existing fasting traditions among earlier faith communities like Judaism, Christianity, and even ancient Greek and Buddhist practices. This suggests that the first recipients of the Quran would have understood fasting as a serious religious obligation. In conclusion, the research challenges the common scholarly view that the Quran provides extensive leniency regarding the Ramadan fast. Instead, it posits that the Quranic approach emphasizes the importance and wisdom behind this act of devotion, which Muslims should not underestimate or treat too lightly.

Mobilising a Decolonial–Islamic Praxis: Covenants in Islam and Muslim–Indigenous Relations

Islam was an important factor in the decolonisation of Muslim countries from European colonial rule during the 19th and 20th centuries. However, Muslims are among the migrant-settler populations of Australia, Canada, the United States, and other British colonial states that continue to dispossess and disenfranchise Indigenous populations. This article contributes to the debate on “decolonising Islam”. It contends that covenants with God and between people in Islam’s pre-eminent sources, the Qur’an and sunnah, are antithetical to colonialism and reinforce a praxis-orientated decolonial–Islamic agenda. This article focuses on three aspects of decolonisation, addressing: (1) supremacist ideology; (2) human existence and coexistence; and (3) claims of entitlement. Using Australia as the primary case study, it examines Islamic obligations towards Indigenous peoples in settler-colonial states, emphasising the potential of covenants to promote mutual recognition and dialogue towards redressing injustices and building respectful coexistence.

Philosophy of Ownership in an Islamic Perspective: Between Wealth and Islamic Obligations

This article deepens the understanding of the concept of ownership in Islam, with an emphasis on its philosophical aspects. Through qualitative research methods and literature review, this article reveals the fundamental differences between the Islamic perspective on ownership and socialist and capitalist economies. In Islam, ownership must adhere to Sharia principles and be considered halal, with three distinct types of ownership: individual, communal, and state. Furthermore, Islam plays a significant role in regulating the distribution of income and wealth to achieve the well-being of humanity, emphasizing the principle of maslahah (beneficence) as the cornerstone of Islamic economics. Islam's role in addressing economic inequality is crucial, emphasizing fair distribution. Additionally, Islam teaches the social responsibility of individuals and communities in helping those in need and promoting social justice. This research provides a profound understanding of the concepts of ownership, wealth, and social responsibility in Islam, highlighting Islam's contribution to addressing economic and social challenges in society.

MODEL PENGHITUNGAN ZAKAT PERTANIAN PADA PETANI PADI MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM (STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN MARIORAWA KABUPATEN SOPPENG)

This qualitative descriptive study explores the practices and understanding of zakat, specifically agricultural zakat, among rice farmers in Kecamatan Marioriawa, Kabupaten Soppeng, South Sulawesi. Utilizing a phenomenological, syar'i, and juridical approach, the research focuses on how these farmers interpret and implement the Islamic obligation of zakat. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, following an interactive method of data analysis. The study reveals a significant gap between the theoretical principles of zakat in Islam and its practical application among the farmers. Many do not accurately understand the regulations concerning nisab (the minimum amount of agricultural produce that necessitates the payment of zakat), haul (the period for zakat collection), and the percentage of zakat to be given. This misunderstanding results from inadequate education and mobilization efforts by local zakat management authorities and religious leaders. The research further discusses the variations in zakat practices, with some farmers calculating zakat incorrectly or choosing zakat recipients subjectively. This discrepancy highlights the urgent need for better education and a more proactive approach from zakat collectors (amil zakat) in educating and collecting zakat from rice farmers. The study suggests that local government and religious institutions should collaborate to provide training and workshops to enhance farmers' understanding and proper practice of zakat according to Islamic teachings. Additionally, the formation of village or sub-district zakat teams is recommended to facilitate the collection and distribution of zakat in a more structured, transparent, and accountable manner, ensuring the optimal function of zakat as a tool for economic empowerment and poverty alleviation in the community.

Bimbingan Islami melalui Kegiatan Tayamum pada Lansia Muslim di Panti Tresna Werdha Hargo Dedali

Guidance for the elderly is an important aspect in caring for individual welfare and development in old age. Guidance aims to help seniors understand themselves, improve their quality of life, and overcome challenges they may face at this stage of life. Understanding that prayer is an obligation in Islam is very important, and many elderly people face difficulties or challenges in observing it. One of the conditions for valid prayer is ablution, whereas most elderly people neglect prayer because they are prevented from performing ablution due to their physical condition, such as having a stroke, not being able to maintain ablution easily, and having sore limbs when acting. In order for prayers to continue to be carried out, for elderly people who have difficulty performing ablution, they can use tayamum as a substitute for ablution to perform the prayer service. This research focuses on the stages of tayamum applied to the elderly. The research method used in this research is qualitative, with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were elderly Muslims who lived in the Hargo Dedali nursing home in Surabaya. The results of this research show that there are elderly people who can carry out the stages of tayamum correctly, but there are elderly people who cannot do it because they are senile and forgetful and because they are physically unable to do so. Islamic guidance through tayamum activities has significant harmony in supporting the spiritual development of the elderly.

Rituals in acculturation of islam and local traditions of the Bajo Tribe in Gorontalo

This study investigates the process of assimilation of Islamic practices and indigenous customs inside the ceremonies conducted by the Bajo Tribe. The rites performed by the Bajo people encompass a fusion of Islamic tenets with their indigenous beliefs, specifically centered around their reverence for the sea's sovereign. The amalgamation of these two ideologies yields a potent synergy. The Bajo people, as Muslims, fulfill the religious obligations of Islam, which includes commemorating the birth anniversary of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. In addition, the Bajo people also perform the Massoro and Bate' rituals, which are the most significant traditional ceremonies of the Bajo Tribe in Torosiaje Village. The Bajo tribe's customs are shaped by the integration and embodiment of these two ideas, which are expressed through values, norms, and laws that serve as guiding principles for their way of life. The ceremonies performed by the Bajo people stem from established traditions passed down through generations.

Analysis on Zakat Knowledge Awareness among the Bangsamoro People of Southern Philippines

This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of Zakat knowledge awareness among the Bangsamoro people in the Southern Philippines. Zakat, a fundamental tenet in Islam, mandates the contribution of a portion of one's wealth to specified organizations as outlined in the Holy Quran. Despite the pivotal role of Zakat in Islamic doctrine, uncertainties persist regarding the depth of awareness, particularly in less developed economies. This research systematically evaluates three dimensions of Zakat awareness—recognition of Zakat as an Islamic obligation, understanding of its diverse forms, and awareness of recipients—among the Bangsamoro population. Through a meticulously organized survey involving 226 participants, the study reveals unexpectedly high levels of Zakat awareness in the region. These finding challenges preconceptions rooted in widespread poverty and low education levels. The study concludes by proposing that the newly established administration in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) can leverage this heightened awareness for transformative societal benefits by instituting structured mechanisms for Zakat collection and distribution. The research contributes valuable insights into Zakat awareness in less developed economies and underscores the potential for strategic policy interventions to unleash the transformative power of Zakat in fostering societal development.

Principles of Transactions with a Pardanashin or Illiterate Lady: A Comprehensive Examination of Legal and Islamic Perspectives

Women, especially those who are illiterate or pardanashin, are often fall victim to fraudulent practices in property transactions in Pakistan. Despite the Islamic obligations to protect rights of women, they continue to struggle to safeguard their rights and interests. When illiterate or pardanashin women are defrauded, they may turn to the courts for help. However, it is often argued in court that, due to the principle of caveat emptor (let the buyer beware), women should have taken more care during the transactions. Nevertheless, the courts have recognized that Pakistani women still rely on the bonafide of the men around them, such as their brothers, guardians, and husbands. This makes it difficult for women to defend their rights in property transactions. Therefore, it is important to highlight the principles of transactions with pardanashin or illiterate ladies that have been developed by the courts. This research aims to highlight the legal principles and safeguards developed by courts that protect the rights and property of pardanashin or illiterate women. It will also develop recommendations to enhance the protection of their rights and interests in property transactions.

Considerations of the Malaysian Standards Council in Setting Quality Standards Malaysian Standards (MS 1900:2005)

This study provides an overview of the Malaysian Standards Council's considerations in establishing the quality standard Malaysian Standard 1900 (MS 1900, p. 2005). MS 1900 is a structured system that helps organizations to provide products and services that suit customer requirements based on Sharia regulations and requirements. This system was launched in 2005 and aimed to complement the ISO 9001 standard concerning an Islamic perspective. To obtain this MS 1900, the organization must go through a process of quality audit and sharia audit. Various kinds of literature were reviewed, focusing on the Malaysian Quality Management Standard MS 1900:2005. This research found that the Sharia elements were synchronized into the existing ISO 9001 to establish the first Islamic quality management system, MS 1900:2005. MS 1900:2005 not only helps organizations improve their management systems but also enables organizations to implement management systems per Shariah and Islamic obligations. The proposed model should be followed by managers so that MS 1900:2005 can be implemented effectively.

VEILING AND POLITIC IN INDONESIA: PROPAGATING JILBAB IN THE NEW ORDER ERA

The popularity of Muslim women's clothing in Indonesia for public places takes a very long time and contentious debate. The part of Muslim women's clothing that is often debated is the head covering or veiling. The debate whether the wearing of head coverings for Muslim women is an Islamic obligation or a tradition of the Arab nation in the early twentieth century has shown that Muslim society was seeking an Indonesian Muslim identity. The debate continued in the second phase after Indonesia's independence. Therefore, this article intends to see how the development of the debate occurred and what issues arose and how the Muslim community in general responded. The method used in this paper is the method of content and argument analysis through literature search. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the debate over the use of head coverings in the second period has turned into an issue of Islamic politics where the head covering is used as a symbol of Islamic political struggle which was also influenced by the development of Islamic politics in other Islamic countries.

The Importance of Seeking Knowledge in Islam: A Literature Review

This study discusses the importance of seeking knowledge in Islam by conducting a literature review. The background of this research is the obligation in Islam to seek knowledge as part of worship. This study aims to explore an understanding of this obligation and the method of seeking knowledge in Islam. The method is to review the literature on the obligation to seek knowledge in Islam. The results of this study show that the search for knowledge in Islam is limited to not only religious science but also science and technology. The search for knowledge can also be done through various methods, such as formal study in educational institutions, discussions, readings, and observations. The contribution of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of the obligation to seek knowledge in Islam and the importance of developing oneself through lifelong learning.

Sejarah dan Pengaruh Tradisi Takiran pada Masyarakat Desa Tugu Agung, Kecamatan Lempuing, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir

This paper discusses the role of cultural traditions, specifically the takiran tradition, in the Tugu Agung community. Using local history as a reference, this research aims to answer questions regarding the history and significance of the takiran tradition in Tugu Agung Village. Field research was conducted using the functionalism concept of Bronislaw K. Malinowski. In this study the authors used data collection techniques by direct observation and interviews. The method used is using qualitative methods with primary data sources through interviews with local leaders.The study found that the takiran tradition has two important aspects, religious and social. The religious aspect emphasizes the importance of fulfilling Islamic obligations, while the social aspect focuses on improving social interactions for better effectiveness and efficiency. This has resulted in the formation of a cohesive Tugu Agung community, capable of harmonious coexistence with their environment and fellow residents. The study highlights the significant role of cultural traditions in shaping communities and improving social interactions.

Intention to adopt Islamic finance through the mediation of attitudes towards Islamic finance

Purpose This paper aims to explore the intention to adopt Islamic finance (ItIF) through the mediation of attitudes towards Islamic finance among microbusiness owners of Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach The study is co-relational and based on cross-sectional data. The authors gathered the data from microbusiness owners through a survey questionnaire. The authors used 236 valid cases to assume the outcomes. Findings The results through structural equation modeling reveal a significant positive effect of the perception of Shariah compliance (PoSC), knowledge of the Islamic financial system (KoIF), religious preferences (RP) and loyalty on ItIF. Furthermore, attitude towards Islamic finance (AtIF) is a potent factor in developing the relationship between PoSC, KoIF, RP, loyalty and ItIF. Practical implications The study’s findings would be helpful for planners and policymakers in developing policies that favourably enhance the attitudes and intentions among individuals towards Islamic financing. The results would inspire readers to go to Islamic finance and an interest-free financial system enriched with Shariah law or Islamic obligations. The study would provide implications for the financial institutions in Pakistan and the rest of the Muslim world. Originality/value The study offers an apparent thoughtfulness of the empirical evidence from microbusiness owners of Pakistan. The study would provide a plausible mediating contribution of AtIF.

Zakat and Sustainable Development Goals: Overlap or Highly Compatible?

The paper explores the compatibility of zakat towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study applies library research that benefited from various relevant articles. The data were gathered from many reputable journals and other appropriate resources. The result show that zakat as one of Islamic obligations is highly compatible with SDGs instrument as well as most of the content of the SDGs reflects Islamic principles, in the case of Maqasid al Sharia. Zakat (alms) have a beneficial effect on poverty, hunger, outstanding education, economic justice, and good health, whether directly or indirectly.The particular SDGs objectives are consistent with Islamic zakat values such as SDG 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, and 16. Both zakat and SDGs have the same objectives accomplished in order to attain national and ummah well-being. A humble recommendation for the relevant stakeholders in coordination with other players, including the government, commercial sector, charitable, and civil society organizations will be critical as with other SDG collaborations.In order deeply to understand the relationship between zakat and SDGs evolved, further research should engage the empirical data from several proper respondents such as UNDP officers and zakat regulators as well as practitioners.

The Obligation of Establishment of Governance and Civilian-Non Theocratic Nature of Government in Islam

Governance is a religious obligation in Islam in order to maintain law and order, cater for the welfare of people, ensure justice and fair play and facilitate observance of religious duties, as religion could only be practised and practised well in an atmosphere of peace. By religious duties, we should not be mistaken for prayer, Islamic tax (charity), fasting, and pilgrimage alone as worship or devotional duties in Islam ramificates every aspect of a Muslim life. It includes and covers everything a Muslim could do to please his Lord-including good governance which is the hallmark of Islamic governance or political system. However, as important and as obligatory governance is to Islam, government is civilian – and not a theocratic- institution. Although, the Religion of Islam as well as the Holy Scripture, the Qur’an, which encapsulates or embodies its teachings, is Divine, yet their interpretations and implementations are human. This interpretation and implementation which forms the explanation/understanding (fiqh/fahm) of the law (shari’ah) are meant to guide Muslims in the proper understanding of their rights and duties not only to Allah but from and to their fellow human beings. Hence Islamic governance system is theo-communocentric rather than being just theocentric. Although, the basics remain unchanged, these interpretations are affected by the prevailing circumstances of a given time and clime, popularly referred to by scholars as fiqh waq’in. Thus, individuals are responsible for whatever interpretation and implementation they make of the law. Suffice to say therefore, that one of the reasons why governance is obligatory in Islam is, to maintain unity and universality of Islam and to ensure peaceful co-existence, albeit peaceful society where the practice of religion is encouraged and facilitated. This paper therefore, tries to examine why the establishment of governance is obligatory and why government is civilian and therefore theo-communocentric rather than being theocratic in Islam.

Investigating the Perception of Muslims With Hearing Impairment Towards Islamic Understanding and Practice

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the relationship between; i) the perception of Islamic obligation and Islamic practice, ii) the perception of difficulty in understanding and practicing Islam and the perception of Islamic practice, iii) hearing loss threshold and the perception of difficulty in understanding and practicing Islam; and iv) to compare the perception of difficulty in understanding and practicing Islam between hearing aid users and non-hearing-aid users. Method: Seventy- seven (77) subjects with hearing impairment underwent audiological assessments and completed the ‘Inventori Persepsi bagi Muslim yang Memiliki Masalah Pendengaran’ (IPM3P) questionnaire (consists of three domains- ‘obligation’, ‘practice’, and ‘difficulty’). Results: Pearson correlation revealed a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between obligation and practice domain, and between difficulty and practice domain. A significant negative correlation was observed (p<0.05) between hearing threshold and total difficulty domain score. The Independent T-test revealed a significantly greater difficulty in understanding and practicing Islam among non-hearing aid users compared to hearing aid users (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study findings emphasized on; i) the importance to instill good perception of Islamic obligation via appropriate Islamic education, ii) the benefit of hearing aid in elevating the difficulty level in understanding and in practicing Islam, thus calls for prompt action to help in funding amplification for Muslims with hearing impairment.

Command of Jihad through Devotion to Parents According to Hadith

The purpose of this research is to discuss the commandment to filial piety to parents in the hadith. This research method uses a qualitative type through literature study by applying content analysis. The discussion of this research includes the meaning of filial piety to parents, the hadith of the commandment of filial piety to parents, and the obligation of children's behavior to parents. This research concludes that filial piety in the sense of respecting parents is an obligation in Islam, the command to filial piety according to the hadith is understood as jihad, and behavior towards parents includes when the parents are still alive and when they have died. This research is expected to have benefits for the enrichment of Islamic knowledge.