Everyday Life Objects Research Articles

Employing Pneumatic, Telescopic Actuators for the Development of Soft and Hybrid Robotic Grippers.

Traditionally, the robotic end-effectors that are employed in unstructured and dynamic environments are rigid and their operation requires sophisticated sensing elements and complicated control algorithms in order to handle and manipulate delicate and fragile objects. Over the last decade, considerable research effort has been put into the development of adaptive, under-actuated, soft robots that facilitate robust interactions with dynamic environments. In this paper, we present soft, retractable, pneumatically actuated, telescopic actuators that facilitate the efficient execution of stable grasps involving a plethora of everyday life objects. The efficiency of the proposed actuators is validated by employing them in two different soft and hybrid robotic grippers. The hybrid gripper uses three rigid fingers to accomplish the execution of all the tasks required by a traditional robotic gripper, while three inflatable, telescopic fingers provide soft interaction with objects. This synergistic combination of soft and rigid structures allows the gripper to cage/trap and firmly hold heavy and irregular objects. The second, simplistic and highly affordable robotic gripper employs just the telescopic actuators, exhibiting an adaptive behavior during the execution of stable grasps of fragile and delicate objects. The experiments demonstrate that both grippers can successfully and stably grasp a wide range of objects, being able to exert significantly high contact forces.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA “MINITIM KABAR” UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA

Weight measurement mathematics was an important material for weighing objects in everyday life. Based on the resulted of observations of students' scores on weight measurement 58% did not reach the KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria). This study aim to (1) developing Minitim Kabar media for 2nd grade; (2) knowing the feasibility of “Minitim Kabar" media; (3) knowing the increased in cognitive learning outcomes measuring weight in Class II SD students. This research was R&D which includes 10 steps in research which include: research potentials and problems, design data, design validation, revision design, product testing, product revision, usage testing, product revision, product production. The expert tested subjects in this study were the media expert validator and the material expert validator, while the tested subjects were 6 students in the media trial and 9 students in the product trial. Data tested techniques using interviews, observation, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique used quantitative data analysis techniques and qualitative data analysis. The resulted of this study indicate that the mini media had a high level of validity and attractiveness. The resulted of the validation of material experts were 92.3%, the resulted of the validation of media experts were 87.5%, and the proportion of student questionnaire responses was 100%. The increase in students' cognitive learning outcomes was 45.06. The N-gain test result of 0.65 was at a moderate level. Thus, the Minitim Kabar media was suitable for used as a thematic learning media to improve cognitive learning outcomes in 2nd grade on weight measurement matters.

Severe tracheobronchial harm due to lithium button battery aspiration: An in vitro study of the pathomechanism and injury pattern

BackgroundButton battery incidents have become a rising medical issue in recent years, especially for infants. The increasing number of these cases can be explained by the expanding use of objects of everyday life and toys. As a result, button batteries in many households are ubiquitous in different states of charge. The extremely long shelf-life and the increasing energy densities of lithium button batteries boost the potential medical complications of accidental swallowing. ObjectiveThe study aimed to analyze the pathophysiology of damage to tracheobronchial structures by button batteries aspiration over time. MethodsCR2032 and CR927 lithium button batteries (3.2/3.0 V) were exposed to porcine trachea preparations intraluminal at 37 °C in intervals up to 36 h. Measurements were made of the voltage curve, the discharge current, and the resulting pH values around the electrodes. The effects on tissue were examined using macroscopic time-lapse images and microscopic pictures of sections of the fixed specimens over time. FindingsThe examinations showed a tissue electrolysis reaction directly after the beginning of battery exposure, which led to an immediate coagulation impairment of the respiratory epithelium. Over time, a strongly alkaline environment was established around the batteries. The resulting tissue colliquation caused profound tissue damage beyond the basal membrane of the mucosa, affecting the tracheobronchial cartilage after only 4 h of exposure time. After 12 h, there was significant necrosis of the annular ligaments of the trachea and the peribronchial pulmonary tissue. After completion of the experimental exposure time of 36 h, there was still a sufficient residual voltage on all button batteries of the experiments. ConclusionsBesides accidental ingestion, the aspiration of button batteries is a life-threatening situation. The partial or complete acute airway obstruction in the trachea or the bronchi initially is the leading symptom, as with any foreign body aspiration. However, the results of the investigations show that even after a short exposure time, relevant tissue damage can be caused by the electrolysis reaction of the battery. After 12 h, a profound destruction of cartilage, connective tissue, and smooth muscles was observed in vitro, which may cause significant consequential damage in vivo. These findings reveal the need for rapid diagnosis and immediate foreign body removal after any battery ingestion. Moreover, the results show how relevant prevention of these accidents is, and that future safety modifications of these types of battery by the manufacturers would be appropriate.

Black metal nanoparticles from abrasion processes in everyday life: Bicycle drivetrains and rock-climbing ropes

Black objects are sometimes associated with black carbon, while shiny, highly reflecting surfaces are typically associated with metals. Here, we discuss several objects in everyday life that upon use take on a black color that is unlikely to be due to black carbon. We propose that this black color is caused by the formation of metallic nanoparticles from abrasion processes. We support this hypothesis using Mie theory and the fact that spherical metal particles are only shiny or bright if the imaginary part of their refractive index and its product with the particle size-parameter are both larger than three. While this is commonly true for bulk metals, the second condition is generally not fulfilled for metallic nanoparticles, and hence, such particles become highly absorbing, i.e., black. For the black grime accumulated on bicycle drivetrains and climbing ropes, we detected metal nanoparticles with electron microscopy, which likely originated from mechanical abrasion processes during use.

From quick fixes to repair projects: Insights from a citizen science project

Repair initiatives have attracted increasing attention as a potential source for addressing a variety of sustainability challenges. Less evident are social scientific analysis about people repairing objects at home. This paper aims to provide insights into how people, who come together to fix objects in repair initiatives perform domestic repair. It does this by drawing upon works within sociological theories of consumption and media studies that concern themselves with examining the performance of everyday routines and how people adapt, integrate, use and/or reject objects in everyday life. Empirical data derived from a citizen science project reveals several phases of repairing objects at home and restorative acts connected to them: quick fixes, routine fixes, serious fixes, and repair projects. The paper highlights the importance of people’s competences, feeling of self-efficacy and everyday routines when it comes to carrying out domestic repair. More broadly, the paper shows how the integration of (repaired) objects into people’s daily routines is part of ongoing processes where the valuation of repaired objects and performances of repair play a key role in influencing the useful life of objects.

Medications and bruises: past, present, and future

The literature review shows that modern standards of treatment of diseases, as well as forms of statistical reporting of medical institutions do not include bruising as an independent disease and/or complication of drug therapy. Ancient and modern textbooks and reference books on drugs do not contain indications of the presence of drugs that cause bruising and/or vice versa, discoloring the skin in the area of bruises. Official medicine does not offer medications for urgent skin discoloration in the area of bruises. However, bruises have been known for a long time, and people have been fighting them for a long time, but without much success. It is shown that bruises are blood-stained areas of the skin that often occur when hitting hard objects in everyday life, injuries and wounds, as well as when injecting drugs and using drugs that thin the blood. Usually bruises disappear on their own after 5 to 8 days. The true bruising is most likely to occur when bites of snakes such as Gyurza and Viper, when injecting drugs such as heparin and its substitutes, as well as when injecting donor blood and when through-piercing veins with injection needles. Throughout the history of mankind, these facts have not been used sufficiently to analyze the causes of bruising, the possibilities of their diagnosis, prevention and elimination. This was done at the beginning of the 21st century in Russia. At the same time, the biological and clinical essence of the bruises was revealed. This scientific discovery made it possible to explain the absence of bruises in the list of diseases, offer a clinical classification of bruises, and discover drugs that can immediately discolor the skin in the area of bruises. This group of drugs has received names such as bruising bleachers, oxygen-alkaline bleachers, oxygen-alkaline bleach cleaners, blood bleachers and bleaching agents over the years. Their main ingredients are water, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium hydrocarbonate.

SMS: A Secure Healthcare Model for Smart Cities

Technological innovations have enabled the realization of a utopian world where all objects of everyday life, as well as humans, are interconnected to form an “Internet of Things (IoT).” These connected technologies and IoT solutions have led to the emergence of smart cities where all components are converted into a connected smart ecosystem. IoT has envisioned several areas of smart cities including the modern healthcare environment like real-time monitoring, patient information management, ambient-assisted living, ambient-intelligence, anomaly detection, and accelerated sensing. IoT has also brought a breakthrough in the medical domain by integrating stake holders, medical components, and hospitals to bring about holistic healthcare management. The healthcare domain is already witnessing promising IoT-based solutions ranging from embedded mobile applications to wearable devices and implantable gadgets. However, with all these exemplary benefits, there is a need to ensure the safety and privacy of the patient’s personal and medical data communicated to and from the connected devices and systems. For a smart city, it is pertinent to have an accessible, effective, and secure healthcare system for its inhabitants. This paper discusses the various elements of technology-enabled healthcare and presents a privacy-preserved and secure “Smart Medical System (SMS)” framework for the smart city ecosystem. For providing real-time analysis and responses, this paper proposes to use the concept of secured Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) for performing critical time-bound computations on the edge itself. In order to protect the medical and personal data of the patients and to make the data tamper-proof, the concept of blockchain has been used. Finally, this paper highlights the ways to capture and store the medical big data generated from IoT devices and sensors.

Development of a Tendon-Driven Wearable Assist System for Thumb Motion of Hand Paralysis.

Thumb movement is very important for object gripping. However, when a cerebrovascular disorder or spinal cord injury causes hand paralysis, which impairs the motor function of the fingers, it becomes impossible to flex and extend the fingers and to move the thumb to the opposition position; this makes it difficult to grip objects in daily life. Several assistive devices have been developed for people with hand paralysis. However, they only assist flexion/extension of the thumb, narrow the type of grip by fixing the thumb position, or have large sizes and weights due to using links and frames to assist thumb adduction and opposition. They are not effective for daily use. Thumb motion assistance that does not hinder the degree of freedom of the thumb is important for gripping objects in everyday life. In this study, we developed a wearable ring and a fingertip-cap that assist two-degree-of-freedom thumb motion by means of a tendon-drive based on the hand's anatomy; the feasibility of the device is confirmed through basic experiments, in which the device was evaluated by a hand in a weakened state. It was confirmed that opposing movement and flexion/extension motion of the thumb were possible. In addition, we confirmed that it was possible to grip thin objects by using only thumb motion assistance. In conclusion, we developed a tendon-driven thumb motion assistive device using a ring-shaped component and confirmed the feasibility of this system to support the opposition/reposition and flexion/extension motions of the thumb.

Avaliação bacteriana em aparelhos celulares de acadêmicos e profissionais da área de saúde de uma faculdade localizada no sudoeste goiano

Os celulares são objetos essenciais no cotidiano e seu uso frequente em lugares contaminados gera foco para bactérias patogênicas e causadoras de infecções nosocomiais. Isso sugere que os dispositivos móveis têm potencial para ser uma fonte de disseminação de diversos microrganismos. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a presença de bactérias em celulares de profissionais e acadêmicos da saúde em uma faculdade localizada no Sudoeste Goiano. Trata-se de um estudo transversal quantitativo realizado no período de fevereiro a maio de 2019. Foram coletadas 107 amostras de aparelhos celulares, sendo de 19 profissionais da saúde e o restante de acadêmicos do curso de odontologia e medicina. Foi observado que mais de 75% dos avaliados fazem o uso de celular simultaneamente ao atendimento e informa nunca ter realizado assepsia em seus aparelhos. Verificou que 95,28% dos celulares estavam contaminados, sendo 88,67% do grupo dos gram positivos. Denota-se que a higiene dos aparelhos celulares e das mãos é imprescindível para diminuir a disseminação de microrganismos causadores de infecções nosocomiais. É importante que se faça a assepsia do celular pelo menos três vezes por semana com o álcool 70% para evitar que esse seja veículo de bactérias patogênicas.

Art, life, and the fashion museum: for a more solidarian exhibition practice

This article departs from the century-long understanding that fashion connects ‘life and art’, an understanding once advocated by Hans Siemsen in his avantgarde journal Zeit-Echo, to discuss how the museum constitutes an important space, or arena, where this connection is taking place. The museum as we know it is a space dedicated to displaying objects of art—and to some degree, of everyday life objects—and as such it constitutes a space for the linkage between the aesthetic and the profane, between art and life. However, as will be argued, as a space that has increasingly become dedicated to fashion—as a cultural, social and not least economic phenomenon—the museum does not embrace its full potential in displaying and problematizing fashion’s close and real relation to actual life, and especially, the very lives that produce it. The museum and its curatorial practices, it will be argued, ought to strive less to offer its audiences spectacular displays of extravagant designer fashion—and instead dare to deal with the urgent quest for and necessity of a reformed fashion industry in which textile and garment workers can actually lead safe and liveable lives.

VYPOVZIV — THE MILITARY, TRADE AND CRAFT CENTER IN LOW DESNA REGION

The materials of the excavations of Vypovziv Archaeological Complex of the late 9th—10th centuries which existed as one of the military, trade and handicraft points of the Low Desna region are analyzed in the paper. Also the chronology and functions in the region are determinated here.
 Vypovziv is located on a narrow long cape that «creeps out» for 700 m into the flood plains of the Desna river near the village of Vypovziv, Kozelets district, Chernihiv region. It is placed between Chernihiv and Vyshgorod — on the route of the so-called «Monomakh Road» which connected the capital of Rus — Kyiv with the center of the largest principality on Desna river — Chernihiv. The site consists of a settlement, suburb and hem. The remains of wood and earth fortifications, twice burned during the 10th century, were explored on the site. Foundation pit of pithouse and remains of donjon of the 10th century have been discovered on the site.
 Open settlement was located to the west of the site. The building of the same period was situated there. The peculiarity of building of Vypovziv settlement is the high concentration of constructions. Dwellings were built one above the other, sometimes in the same foundation pits. The end of the mass building of the site was reasoned by local fire synchronous with the destruction of the fortifications of the settlement which dates back to the middle of the 10th century. It is well traced by remains of burned-out buildings and allows to highlight the simultaneous constructions.
 Vypovziv archaeological complex was formed in accordance with all Rus tendencies of development of the cities and settlements in the early phase of state formation. They arose at the end of the 9th — beginning of the 10th centuries as a result of active military, political and trade activity of the Rus people. Frequent finds of dishes, decorations, objects of everyday life in the cultural layer of the site and in the objects of the 10th century indicate the probability of the movement of small populations from the right bank of the Dnieper to the Low Desna region. It is possible that part of the population (representatives of the Luka-Raykovetsky culture) was used to settle in such points, possibly as slaves for sale in the markets of the East at the end of 9th — the beginning of 10th century.

O artefato como dispositivo de profanação

O presente trabalho busca compreender aspectos ligados à profanação dos campos da arte e do design, expressos nos ideários do movimento Dadá e da obra de Lina Bo Bardi, a partir da apropriação simbólica de imagens e objetos do cotidiano, trazendo à luz novos procedimentos técnicos e plásticos que subverteram percepções pré-estabelecidas sobre a arte, os artefatos e os museus, como reação estética e política, vislumbrando uma revisão crítica da sociedade ocidental.

Teaching Ubiquitous Computing Using Simulations Based on Smartphone Sensors

Mark Weiser coined the term Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) describing a future in which everyday life-objects would have embedded computers providing services anytime and anywhere. This paradigm is theme recurrent in many graduate courses of Computer Science around the world. To better understand the challenge of teaching Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp), we surveyed 15 professors and 60 graduate and undergraduate students from 16 universities. According to this survey, the two most challenging Ubicomp concepts to explain in a lecture are context-awareness and middleware platforms. Results also showed professors’ difficulty in finding tools to assist the practical teaching of UbiComp’s concepts. Current UbiComp tools require high programming skills or they are not designed for educational purposes. Therefore, this work presents the design, development, and evaluation of LUCy (Learning Ubiquitous Computing Easily), a Virtual Learning Environment which aids UbiComp practical classes. LUCy has two main elements: a Web tool and an Android mobile app. The former provides UbiComp theory materials, videos, practices, and simulations. The latter uses smartphones features and sensors to run simulations of UbiComp concepts. We evaluated LUCy during Context-Awareness classes in UbiComp courses, at the same university, along with three distinct semesters. In different three sessions, we gathered information about LUCy’s pedagogical and usability issues. Then, we performed a quasi-experiment using a pretest and posttest design methodology with twenty-seven students. Results showed LUCy practices significantly improves students reasoning about Context-Aware concepts.

The brightest colors: A Fourier‐transform Raman, surface‐enhanced Raman, and thin‐layer chromatography‐surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy study of fluorescent artists' paints

AbstractAmong the so‐called “special effect” pigments, fluorescent ones play an important role, thanks to their application to a wide range of objects in everyday life. Also in the artistic field, they have been exploited since 1950s by several painters (among others Andy Warhol and Frank Stella), thus representing a particular class of materials with which conservators must confront themselves.Not much information is available about the complete composition of commercial fluorescent paints that are based on fluorescent dyes dispersed in a transparent and brittle resin. Herein, Fourier‐transform Raman spectroscopy and surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) were used to recognize the main dye components of the paints, whereas thin‐layer chromatography was coupled with SERS to better distinguish further chromophore mixes responsible for the color and/or the fluorescence emission due to the presence of optical brighteners. This methodology results suitable to more fully define the composition of such fluorescent paints originally used by artists in their works, thus providing valuable information to conservators for restoration and retouching efforts.

Galileo Hand: An Anthropomorphic and Affordable Upper-Limb Prosthesis

The strict development processes of commercial upper-limb prostheses and the complexity of research projects required for their development makes them expensive for end users, both in terms of acquisition and maintenance. Moreover, many of them possess complex ways to operate and interact with the subjects, influencing patients to not favor these devices and shed them from their activities of daily living. The advent of 3D printers allows for distributed open-source research projects that follow new design principles; these consider simplicity without neglecting performance in terms of grasping capabilities, power consumption and controllability. In this work, a simple, yet functional design based on 3D printing is proposed, with the aim to reduce costs and manufacturing time. The operation process consists in interpreting the user intent with electromyography electrodes, while providing visual feedback through a μLCD screen. Its modular, parametric and self-contained design is intended to aid people with different transradial amputation levels, despite of the socket's constitution. This approach allows for easy updates of the system and demands a low cognitive effort from the user, satisfying a trade-off between functionality and low cost. It also grants an easy customization of the amount and selection of available actions, as well as the sensors used for gathering the user intent, permitting alterations to fit the patients' unique needs. Furthermore, experimental results showed an apt mechanical performance when interacting with everyday life objects, in addition to a highly accurate and responsive controller; this also applies for the user-prosthesis interface.

TOURISM TERMS IN ENGLISH TRAVEL DISCOURSE TEXTS: LINGUOCULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

The article deals with the issues of cultural peculiarities of English tourism terms in travel discourse texts. The starting point of the study is the fact that tourism terminology system is open, which is caused by the popularity of international tourism and the dynamic development of this branch itself. English tourism terminology now is being scientifically thought over and developing all the time, which underlines the topicality of the research. Due to the specific inhomogeneous nature of tourism terminology, lexical units have been divided into thematic groups on the basis of their sphere of usage. But scholars don’t take into account cultural peculiarities of terms, which nominate cultural realias of a definite country being its cultural symbols, as they are components of the excursion sphere of their functioning. Besides, the possibility of appearance of new terms has been not taken into consideration either. The purpose of the article is to investigate English tourism terms through the prism of their cultural and functional nature. The article is focused on the stages of tourism development and some new its types have been pointed out, such as military, gastronomic, getto-tourism, cinema tourism, dark tourism). In the frame of English tourism terminology six basic microfields have been distinguished. They represent traditional branches in the tourism sphere. Such microfields consists of a definite number of lexico-semantic groups, which unite terms on the basis of common thematic features. The results of the study can be summarised as follows: English tourism terms in travel discourse texts are divided into such groups as: common objects (nominations of objects of everyday life), anthroponomic (names of districts, festivals, sports events), geographic (names of geographic places) and terms-realia. Among the functions of English tourism terms we distinguish: 1) the function of presenting the world through a special cultural prism, 2) the function of preserving and transmitting national mentality, culture, traditions, national history; 3) nominative function.

IoT: Internet of Threats? A Survey of Practical Security Vulnerabilities in Real IoT Devices

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly spreading, reaching a multitude of different domains, including personal health care, environmental monitoring, home automation, smart mobility, and Industry 4.0. As a consequence, more and more IoT devices are being deployed in a variety of public and private environments, progressively becoming common objects of everyday life. It is hence apparent that, in such a scenario, cybersecurity becomes critical to avoid threats like leakage of sensible information, denial of service (DoS) attacks, unauthorized network access, and so on. Unfortunately, many low-end IoT commercial products do not usually support strong security mechanisms, and can hence be target of—or even means for—a number of security attacks. The aim of this article is to provide a broad overview of the security risks in the IoT sector and to discuss some possible counteractions. To this end, after a general introduction to security in the IoT domain, we discuss the specific security mechanisms adopted by the most popular IoT communication protocols. Then, we report and analyze some of the attacks against real IoT devices reported in the literature, in order to point out the current security weaknesses of commercial IoT solutions and remark the importance of considering security as an integral part in the design of IoT systems. We conclude this article with a reasoned comparison of the considered IoT technologies with respect to a set of qualifying security attributes, namely integrity, anonymity, confidentiality, privacy, access control, authentication, authorization, resilience, self organization.

Combining Analytical Modeling and Learning to Simplify Dexterous Manipulation With Adaptive Robot Hands

In this paper, we focus on the formulation of a hybrid methodology that combines analytical models, constrained optimization schemes, and machine learning techniques to simplify the execution of dexterous, in-hand manipulation tasks with adaptive robot hands. More precisely, the constrained optimization scheme is used to describe the kinematics of adaptive hands during the grasping and manipulation processes, unsupervised learning (clustering) is used to group together similar manipulation strategies, dimensionality reduction is used to either extract a set of representative motion primitives (for the identified groups of manipulation strategies) or to solve the manipulation problem in a low-d space and finally an automated experimental setup is used for unsupervised, automated collection of large data sets. We also assess the capabilities of the derived manipulation models and primitives for both model and everyday life objects, and we analyze the resulting manipulation ranges of motion (e.g., object perturbations achieved during the dexterous, in-hand manipulation). We show that the proposed methods facilitate the execution of fingertip-based, within-hand manipulation tasks while requiring minimal sensory information and control effort, and we demonstrate this experimentally on a range of adaptive hands. Finally, we introduce DexRep, an online repository for dexterous manipulation models that facilitate the execution of complex tasks with adaptive robot hands. Note to Practitioners —Robot grasping and dexterous, in-hand manipulations are typically executed with fully actuated robot hands that rely on analytical methods, computation of the hand object system Jacobians, and extensive numerical simulations for deriving optimal strategies. However, these hands require sophisticated sensing elements, complicated control laws, and are not robust to external disturbances or perception uncertainties. Recently, a new class of adaptive hands was proposed which uses structural compliance and underactuation (less motors than the available degrees of freedom) to offer increased robustness and simplicity. In this paper, we propose hybrid methodologies that blend analytical models with constrained optimization schemes and learning techniques to simplify the execution of dexterous, in-hand manipulation tasks with adaptive robot hands.

Objects that Matter - Performance Art and Objects

The Study on Objects (2018-) is an ongoing art project that focuses on everyday life objects we are surrounded by. While considering the objects and working with videos, I contemplate the relationship between new materialism and performance art. Feminist new materialism offers a perspective to explore many performance art works that reveal how we are related to objects and how we deal with them.

A meta-analysis of the size-weight and material-weight illusions.

The current study comprises the first systematic meta-analysis of weight illusions. We obtained descriptive data from studies in which subjective heaviness estimates were made for pairs or groups of objects that had the same mass and different volumes (size-weight illusion; SWI) or different apparent material properties (material-weight illusion; MWI). Using these data, we calculated mean effect sizes to represent illusion strength. Other study details, including stimulus mass, volume, density, and degree of visual and somatosensory access to the stimuli were also recorded to quantify the contribution of these variables to effect sizes for the SWI. The results indicate that the SWI has a larger mean effect size than the MWI and that the former is consistent in strength when information about stimulus size is gained through somatosensory channels, regardless of visual access. The SWI is weaker when only the visual system provides size information. Effect sizes for the SWI were larger when there was a greater difference in volume across the stimuli. There was also a positive correlation between SWI strength and the difference in physical density across the different experimental stimuli, even after controlling for volume differences. Together, we argue that these findings provide support for theories of weight illusions that are based on conceptual expectancies as well as those that are based on bottom-up processing of physical density. We further propose that these processes, which have been considered dichotomously in the past, may not be mutually exclusive from each other and could both contribute to our perception of weight when we handle objects in everyday life.