Objective Reasons Research Articles

Sustainable Development Education For Students From Single-Parent Families: A Case Study of Students from Ningxia Polytechnic

For students from single parent families, it is difficult to achieve better academic performance than those from intact families. In order to investigate the educational issues of single parent students and the impact of implementing sustainable development education on single parent students at Ningxia Polytechnic, this study selected 15 students, 5 teachers, and 5 student managers from Ningxia Polytechnic as research subjects. Qualitative interviews were conducted to explore and analyze the sustainable development of single parent vocational school students and how to promote sustainable development by providing inclusive education opportunities. The counselors and teachers at Ningxia Polytechnic have done a great job in helping students. Therefore, this study not only analyzed the subjective and objective reasons why single parent students at Ningxia Polytechnic are prone to become problem students in receiving sustainable development education, such as abnormal family environments and mistakes in school education work, but also proposed corresponding strategies for educating single parent students. This research has found that sustainable development education is highly effective in improving the academic performance, social and emotional well-being, and future prospects of these students. By considering the unique needs of students from single parent families, this study also gets the conclusion that sustainable development education is very important in addressing educational inequality. Finally, this study provides guidances for educators on how to educate students from single parent families and ensure their healthy growth, such as updating the concept of vocational education, reforming the curriculum model and teaching system, establishing the task of sustainable development education teaching, adopting inclusive education approach, and so forth. In future research, how to combine age characteristics to do a good job in educating students from single parent families is an urgent problem that vocational school educators need to solve.

The Influence of Frequent Price Appreciation on Chinese Consumers’ Psychological Motivations for Purchasing Luxury Goods

The research background of this thesis is based on the rapid economic development of China, where the desire to purchase luxury goods is increasingly strong. More and more people are choosing to buy luxury goods to improve their living standards and symbolize their social status. Therefore, we decided to divide the research into several modules to study the multi-faceted positioning of luxury goods. The topics we studied include the market background of luxury goods in China, which includes the concept of luxury goods and the current status and forecast of the Chinese luxury goods market. The second research area is the reasons for the frequent price increases of luxury goods in China, including both objective and subjective reasons. The final research area is the psychological factors behind Chinese consumers’ consumption of luxury goods, including the desire to display social status and personal achievement, the pursuit of quality and enjoyment of life, and following fashion trends. Our team members completed this research report through everyone’s understanding of luxury goods and Internet search, and the research result is that luxury goods have great social significance and commodity value, which can highlight social status and fashion trends. More and more young people have the tendency to pursue luxury goods.

The Influence of Metaphorical Information in Social Media on Female Body Anxiety

The issue of female body anxiety has received widespread attention. However, there are still shortcomings in the exploration of body anxiety caused by metaphorical information in social media in existing research. The article analyzes the methods by which information about regulating women’s body shape is disseminated on social media. Through a detailed exploration of the classification and characteristics of metaphorical information, it is possible to reveal the objective and subjective reasons that trigger female body anxiety on social media and explore the formation mechanism and impact of such metaphorical information. The article concludes that metaphorical information is hidden in social media expressions and difficult to avoid, which exacerbates women’s dissatisfaction with their bodies and promotes the emergence and spread of body anxiety. Based on the above conclusions, the article proposes the following suggestions: reduce exposure to negative information, cultivate critical thinking, and enhance women’s positive cognition of the body through physical and mental coordination. The aforementioned methods can ()effectively cope with body anxiety.

한·중 모어 화자의 거절 부담도 비교 연구- 객관적 거절 이유 유무 상황을 중심으로 -

한·중 모어 화자의 거절 부담도 비교 연구- 객관적 거절 이유 유무 상황을 중심으로 -

The Effects of the Economic Valuation of Education from the Aspect of the Distance Learning System

The aim of the work is to confirm the issues of economic evaluation of education and distance learning systems, and to affirm the methodology of valuation and economic valuation as a key issue of objective valuation and reasoning. The subject of research in this paper is the evaluation of the quality of teaching delivered through distance learning studies, i.e., how students perceive the quality of this kind of teaching. A particularly significant research problem posed in this work is whether and to what extent the effectiveness of the economic adoption of the distance learning system is influenced by the current education system. In writing this paper, the author relied on previous research in the area of economic growth and development analysis, as well as technology evaluation and invisible capital. A comparative analysis of the distance learning system, which the author has been dealing with for many years, is also provided. The results certainly indicate important trends, which were expected. The conducted analysis only gives indications for further research, which is certainly lacking in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the level of tertiary education. In the context of harmonizing policies on the labor market and education policy, it would be interesting to observe the speed of employment of students who graduate from certain economic universities and professional studies in the country, but for such adequate monitoring, it is not enough to analyze the data alone from the employment office, it would be necessary to analyze the quality of individual faculties. The key conclusion: E-learning is an educational process realized using computer and information technologies, enabling spatial distance between the user and the provider of educational services. E-learning, as one of the alternative methods, forms, or technologies of education, has evidently gained primacy in learning and work in recent years. All educational processes are simultaneously economic processes with the primary goal of minimizing investments and maximizing economic gains. Keywords: Economic Valuation, Economic Development, Education.

Из истории первого сводного текста башкирского народного эпоса «Идукай и Мурадым»

Research objectives: The purpose of the study is to restore the chronicle in the work of the Tatar scholar-encyclopedist, Naki Isanbet (1899–1992), pertaining to the creation and promotion of the consolidated text of the Bashkir folk epic, “Idukai and Muradim”. The research material was based on personal sources: memoirs, correspondence of a folklorist, a summary text of the 1933 edition with author's notes for translators. In the second half of 1920s to the first half of 1930s, Naki Isanbet participated in the first academic project in Russian history to collect, study, and create critical texts of epics of the peoples of the USSR, headed by scientists of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The Tatar scientist is rightfully considered a pioneer in this field. Naki Isanbet's textual works on the epic, “Idegey”, have been recognized not only within the USSR, but also abroad. Research materials: The comprehensive text of the “Idukai and Muradim” epic by Naki Isanbet (1933); sources of a personal nature: memoirs, correspondence with a folklorist, etc. The research was conducted using cultural-historical, comparative, and descriptive methods. Novelty of the research: The novelty of our research is found in its comprehensive study of the creative history of the textual work on the “Idukai and Muradim” Bashkir epic, providing the first summary text and the history of this epic’s development. Results of the research: The scientific and historical value of this source has been determined within the framework of the study. The objective and subjective reasons for the dramatic fate of the consolidated text of the Bashkir version of the epic about Idegey are revealed. The structure of the handwritten text in Latin is described. Its plot and compositional features, character system, and artistic features are briefly described. It is demonstrated that Naki Isanbet was the first compiler of the consolidated text of the Bashkir folk epic, “Idukai and Muradim”. A comparative analysis of the editions of the consolidated text of 1928 and 1933 indicates that there was a “general constructive premeditation” aimed at actively influencing the reader, following the established genre and stylistic canon, as was noted by the textual critic. The history of Naki Isanbet’s cooperation with the Academia publishing house eliminates not only one of the “blind spots” in the history of the existence of this consolidated text, but also indirectly characterizes the circle of collaborative contacts of the Tatar scientist with Russian folklorists in 1930.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ КОНФЛИКТАМИ В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ВРАЧА

The article considers the urgent problem of increasing conflict situations in the professional activity of a doctor, namely, conflicts between patients and health workers in the process of providing medical care. The effectiveness of the professional activity of a health worker directly depends on professionally significant qualities, including how well the health worker builds communicative interaction with patients, their immediate social environment, colleagues, and management. The purpose of providing a complete review is to analyze the materials of domestic and foreign studies on conflict management in medical activities. The search for materials on this problem was carried out in the scientific electronic library (SEL) eLIBRARY.RU (https://elibrary.ru/defaultx.asp) and in the Science Direct search system, which includes publications indexed in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The main objective reasons and subjective factors of conflict occurrence in the conditions of medical care of the population are considered. Based on the results of systematization of the received information, ways of conflict resolution in medical activity are proposed, the necessity of formation of skills of methods of effective partnership interaction with patients and colleagues, competencies of the doctor in the field of psychological and pedagogical activity is shown.

A Latin American critique of instrumental reason

Taking part in the broad contemporary effort of proposing an anticolonial and non-Eurocentric critical theory, this article sets out the dialogue between Aníbal Quijano's critique of coloniality, and Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer's critique of instrumental reason. Firstly, we reconstruct the critique of instrumental reason, highlighting how it is enriched when associated with the binary objective reason and subjective reason as well as aspects of negative dialectics. Secondly, we revisit Quijano's texts immediately preceding his decolonial phase. These texts allow us to see how the critique of instrumental reason is an integral part of and is enlarged by the concept of coloniality. Building on this double movement, we are able to map affinities, differences, and connections between the two critiques and their respective outlining of alternatives to instrumental reason, especially the mediations between, on the one hand, objective reason and non-identical, and, on the other, historical/alternative reason and heterogeneous totality.

IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN PLEURAL EMPYEMA AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR CORRECTION

Abstract. Problems in the treatment of acute pleural empyema are caused by a number of objective and subjective reasons, in particular, such as the widespread spread of antibiotic-resistant microflora and allergization of the population. Literature data indicate the need to improve immunostimulating therapy in patients with pleural empyema. A study of the long-term results of all types of treatment for this pathology shows that they do not give 100% success. The presented data indicate the need to improve immunostimulating therapy in patients with pleural empyema.

The opinion about the Fazis and Fazis Academy

The present paper represents the author's attempt to establish the true prehistory of mankind, which is still unknown even to scientists, by means of a report compiled based on the historical thread arranged by him, in chronological order of the time and place of the establishment of the Academy of Ancient Fazis, the duration of its operation, and the objective reasons for its termination; What is clear is that it is the initial and first cause of everything, Namely, the direction and character of the life path, which we have followed and reached today's not very favorable state of being, is determined! And this, without a doubt, will give us the opportunity to gradually and precisely solve all the still unsolved mysteries by following the mentioned path logically; In other words, let's actually get to know the truth, which, even by universal recognition, is still unknowable by humanity. And at the same time, it will also fulfill the most important task unambiguously given by our Savior Jesus Christ of Nazareth, which was revealed to us in the words - "Know the truth and the truth will set you free" (John 8.32); Of course, by setting the corresponding divine result in the shortest possible time. Keywords: Fazis Academy, historical embroidery, true prehistory of mankind, divine result.

Croatian World War I Memorials Abroad

Due to complex historical circumstances, the monumental heritage of the World War I abroad had not been researched at all until ten years ago. There were both subjective and objective reasons for this: firstly, there was a lack of interest for approaching this very complex issue due to the dynamic events of the twentieth century and due to the political positions in the emerging countries after the end of World War I. Secondly, there was a lack of primary sources in Croatia, especially those of German provenance. Thanks to the passing of time, the arrival of the digital age and the opening of previously difficult-to-access archives, it is finally easier to find certain data, especially after the change of climate regarding this issue in the countries of their origin. Marking the 100th anniversary of the World War I, during the past fifteen years, Croatian scientists and volunteers began the painstaking work of researching and marking individual resting places of Croatian soldiers who took part in the very dynamic events of the twentieth century - the “century of extremes”. This contribution will concentrate on the explored localities as well as potential ones that need to be explored in the future, especially those localities where Croatian forces had great losses, which is why there is a possibility that there are still certain remains of military cemeteries there.

Пределы действия и объем исполнительского иммунитета как института гарантированности конституционного права гражданина на жилище при введении процедур, применяемых в деле о банкротстве физических лиц

The institution of personal bankruptcy is intended to become a mechanism for finding a certain compromise between the debtor and his creditors, given that the bona fide bankruptcy presupposes that he has a desire to fulfill his obligations which he cannot realize, since he is experiencing difficulties due to the temporary financial crisis due to objective reasons. Within the framework of this article, some aspects that characterize the development of the practical application by courts reviewing bankruptcy cases, enforcement immunity as an institution of guaranteeing the constitutional right of a citizen to housing are considered. The author concludes that, at present, arbitration courts reviewing bankruptcy cases of individuals have developed sustainable legal approaches to resolving the issue of the scope of “enforcement immunity for housing”, which do not mean restrictions on such a constitutional guarantee, but fully fall within the understanding of the level of housing availability to a citizen, taking into account the need to maintain a balance of interests of persons involved in the bankruptcy process of the debtor.

Negative attitude towards a doctor in society at the beginning of the formation of medicine as a cultural complex

The article examines examples of negative attitudes towards a doctor from literary sources: the invectives of Francesco Petrarch of the XIV century (artistic, documentary, historical and memoir genres of literature) and the play by Jean-Baptiste Moliere “Imaginary Patient” of the XVII century (artistic genre of literature). The main attention is paid to the content of the patient's claim to the doctor: what the authors accuse the doctor of, what they see his flaws in. The patient's negative attitude towards the doctor is expressed in such manifestations as the accusation of ignorance hidden by useless beautiful speeches, the accusation of ostentatious actions, ridiculous prescriptions, conscious, harmful lies, inconsistency and empty promises, greed and the pursuit of profit, obsequiousness, flattery and sycophancy, hypocrisy, the demand for complete submission, the desire to earn money in the first place. In addition, the article attempts to find objective reasons, to see the cultural and historical conditionality of such a patient's attitude to the doctor. As a result of the analysis and comparison of the accusations in the two sources, the author of the article notes that, if there is a difference in the tone of the appeal to the reader, many of the accusations of the two authors are strikingly identical despite the fact that they are separated by three centuries. The author concludes that these accusations are a reflection of those arosing at the very beginning of the formation of medicine as a cultural complex in the relationship problems between the patient and the doctor, which we can observe at the present time. Further investigation of these problems will allow us to trace in more detail the history of the genesis of the doctor-patient relationship, which can serve as an explanation for many ethical problems in modern medicine.

Prerequisites and limitations of the formation of a common monetary policy of the Union State of Russia and Belarus

Subject. This article discusses the approaches to disclosing the essence and types of integration cooperation in the monetary sphere, positive and negative influencing factors, as well as measures taken by regulators to strengthen coordination and transition to the formation of a common monetary policy of Russia and Belarus. Objectives. The article aims to reveal the inconsistency of the assessment of the expediency of coordination and formation of a common monetary policy in integration associations, identify the degree of coordination between the EU and the EAEU countries in the monetary sphere, and reveal the problems and measures of the regulators of Belarus and Russia in the process of transition to the formation of a common monetary policy. Methods. For the study, I used the general methods of scientific cognition, comparison and generalization, analytical, statistical, and coefficient methods. Results. The article reveals the most important aspects of the discussion on the role of coordination of monetary policy and characterizes the positions of representatives of the EU and the EAEU on the expediency of forming a common monetary policy. The article reveals that there are prerequisites and conditions for the transition to the coordination and formation of a common monetary policy of the Union State. Conclusions. For a number of objective and subjective reasons, the EAEU countries have not yet been able to move even to coordination in the monetary sphere, while Belarus and Russia have real opportunities to form a common monetary policy.

„ცამ მომმადლა და ...მიმიღო ცამან“

The Second World War had just finished when (1946, 5.V) student Ana Kalandadze recited her first poems at the Writers’ Union of Georgia, the majority of which were later recognized as masterpieces. War and post-war poetry was strictly limited to decla­rative, conjunctive style and themes, which did nothing to do with Ana Kalandadze's pathos. She was warmly appreciated, and soon after her first performance, her poems were published in Georgian journals. It was a promising start. However, everything radically changed in August 1946 with a new wave of repression launched by the totalitarian Soviet system. Anna Akhmatova, Mikhail Zosh­chen­ko, Nikolay Tikhonov were severely reprimanded by the deci­sion of the Central Commi­ttee of the CPSU ... the latter was dis­missed from the chairmanship of the board of the Writers' Union. There were no objective reasons for such a de­ci­sion by the gover­nment. Such was the subjective attitude of the evil em­pire towards freethinking. The repression campaign begun in Moscow was then extended to the "union" republics. Taking into account the message re­ceived from the center, in 1946, literary magazine “Mnatobi” (No. 9, 10) shar­ply criticized Ana Kalandadze's poetry for not being guided by advanced ideas, being trapped in decadence, etc. From now on, Ana Kalandadze's free poetry would have to follow the censor's orders. She refused to obey, stopped publishing poems, and only in 1953 her first book came out. Post-Stalinist liberalization has made it possible to avoid the absurd clichés of socialist realism since the second half of the twentieth century. In Georgian scientific criticism, Ana Kalandadze is regarded the first author (I. Ratiani), who overcame this tough path of transformation and created poet­ry with new artistic values. In her poems, it is especially important to pre­sent with greater in­ten­sity the spiritual world of the lyrical hero, persona­lity. Her lyri­cal reflections, lyrical monologues, biblical motifs, historical themes organically blend into the poet's thought system, thinking about the meaning of life. The early poetic forms of life and beauty, her pa­lette, were colored with new, complex feelings of earthly life, exis­ten­tial visions. Her lyrics largely determined the achievements of Georgian poetry in the second half of the 20th century.

"A fairly good crop for white men:" The political ecology of agricultural science and settler colonialism between the US and Palestine

From 1919 through the early 1950s, agricultural scientists affiliated with the University of California and agricultural scientists setting up settlements in Mandatory Palestine traveled between California and Palestine on a series of research trips. Building on conversations in historical political ecology and critical political ecologies of settler colonialism and racial capitalism, this article sets out to answer: how was agricultural science part of the project of settler colonialism in both California and Palestine in the first half of the twentieth century? Through an analysis of archival materials – field notes, professional and personal correspondence, and scholarly and popular media publications by US and European Jewish Zionist scientists – I argue that these scientists naturalized and made universal racial hierarchies through transnational technoscientific collaboration. US and Zionist scientists engaged in exchange and debate in two topics: the proper physical organization of and location of farms, and; the concept of carrying capacity of the land of historic Palestine. In both, agricultural science was used as an objective reason to elevate Western ideologies of proper cultivation and capitalist yield. This justified the dispossession of Palestinians from their land because they were "poor stewards." This historical case study holds implications for contemporary issues around land and population by Zionists in Israel today, and related debates in global sustainable development at large.

ENDOGENOUS INTOXICATION AND METHODS OF ITS CORRECTION IN PATIENTS WITH PLEURAL EMPYEMA

Abstract. Acute empyema belongs to the category of severe surgical pathology. The problems of its treatment are caused by a number of objective and subjective reasons, in particular, such as the widespread spread of antibiotic-resistant microflora and allergization of the population. Despite the large number of proposed treatments for acute pleural empyema, a study of the long-term results of all treatments shows that they do not give 100% success. The presented data indicate the need to improve methods for correcting the consequences of endogenous intoxication in patients with pleural empyema. The unrestrained search for new effective methods of treating this pathology indicates the relevance of the topic.

Modern approaches to the study of collectivization in the context of modernization theories

Importance. The key issue in Russia’s history has always been the agrarian question, which took the form of the collectivization of peasant agriculture in the 1930s. Late in the 20th and the first quarter of the 21st centuries, when a lot of new archive sources were involved in open circulation, the issue of transforming agrarian relations became the core of public and scholarly discourse. The purpose of the study is to analyse and systematise modern research approaches to the study of the collectivization process in the Soviet Union in the late 1920s–1930s in the context of modernization processes.Materials and Methods. An interdisciplinary methodological approach is used in the research: the works of historians, sociologists, and cultural scientists on the problems of collectivization and modernization are analyzed. Methods of comparative and structural analysis are used in the study of historiography.Results and Discussion. The publications of historians from the late 1980s to the 2020s devoted to “the great break” in the life of the Russian village are studied. Based on a comprehensive approach to the problem of collectivization, the versatility and interrelationships of various scientific views are highlighted; the research demonstrates that collectivization is not merely a local historical phenomenon but is a part of a broader, global process of modernization of Russia.Conclusion. The agrarian issue of Russian history and historiography is a multifaceted topic essential for understanding the economic, social, and cultural processes of Russia. In the postPerestroika period, “the great break” has been re-evaluated. At first, it was heavily criticised, but later the objective reasons for the creation of the collective farm system were recognised. In modern historiography, collectivization is considered in the context of modernization of Russia, emphasizing the continuity of the pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary periods.

Մոսկվայի և Պետերբուրգի ազգային նարոդնիկական խմբակները 19-րդ դարի 80-ական թվականների երկրորդ կեսին / The National Narodnik groups of Moscow and Petersburg in the second half of the 80s of the 19th century

In the second half of the 80th year of the 19th century, National Narodnik groups were formed in the Armenian reality for which the basis of activity became the ideology of Russian Revolutionary Narodniks [populist, populism]. At the same time, under the influence of objective reasons, they began to pay more attention to national problems trying to apply Narodnik ideologies to national problems. In this article, the greatest attention is focused on the presentation of the activities of Armenian National Narodnik groups of the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. The members of these groups actively collaborated with the Russian Revolutionary Narodniks believing that ultimately they had common goals. Later, the members of the groups became members of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation Party.

Respect for Constitutional Rights of Individuals in Platform Economy

The paper dwells on the issue of respect for labor and social rights of individuals enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation in sectors of the economy that are partially or completely switching to activities in an economic model based on the use of digital platforms (platform economy). The strengths and weaknesses of this method of organizing activities for workers employed in the industries under consideration are elucidated in the context of both labor and civil law relations, including workers having the status of self-employed workers. The main possible reasons for the transition of economic entities to activities within the framework of the platform economy, including with a change in the nature of legal relations, are justified through a set of objective (economic and social) and subjective (related to the education, abilities and motivation of a potential employee) reasons. Avito.ru Internet platform is monitored to find job vacancies, within which ensuring the proper implementation of сonstitutional rights of citizens is possible exclusively within the framework of labor legal relations. The analysis of the conditions of employment offered by actual employers reveals typical potential and actual violations of human rights in relation to both an employee and third parties. Based on the results of the analysis of practice, the author offers a number of measures aimed at eliminating the identified prerequisites for violating the constitutional rights of citizens. In particular, the ban on attracting persons as self-employed to perform work or provide services that pose a threat of violation of their rights or the rights of third parties in the event of this activity outside the framework of labor legal relations, as well as the possibility of recognizing civil law relations between the actual employer and an individual in the status of self-employed actual labor relations.