Object-oriented Programming Environment Research Articles

Object-oriented programming in the primary classroom

Object-oriented programming allows us to pose and solve a problem differently from classical programming. In many situations there exists an easy correspondence between a real world object and a computational object, thus object-oriented programming has its place in learning with computers. The Smalltalk-80 environment is too complex and poorly suited for novices, but it is a powerful tool for developing interfaces and interactive environments. Thus, we have used it to define an object-oriented programming environment aiming at two goals: to explore curricula, and through them, to discover and use object and class concepts. This environment is defined as a layer on Smalltalk-80, whose dialog is in French. It gives children and educators a first access to object-oriented programming, especially by providing interactive tools to define classes of objects and complex objects. We compare our approach for primary school with previous work done with Logo. We have tested this environment with teachers who have designed a library of educational activities.

An object-oriented expert system based on pattern recognition

The design and implementation of a knowledge elicitation tool for use in specifying real-time control system requirements with the Core method is presented. The tool uses pattern recognition based on a Holland classifier to propose a control-system object space for subsequent manipulation, and it is in this area that emphasis is placed. Classifier systems in general are discussed, and an implementation using the Smalltalk-800 object-oriented programming environment is presented. Practical results are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Object Oriented Programming

Object Oriented Programming (OOP) is being used quite widely in the fields of both software engineering and artificial intelligence. The aim of this article is to give an idea of OOP and its features. It includes an indication of the available OOP environments and the Object-Oriented extensions made to the conventional languages such as C and Pascal. Some of the advantages in the use of OOP are also described briefly.

Hypertext in an Object-Oriented Programming Environment

This paper describes how hypertext concepts are supported in an object-oriented programming environment. Program fragments and documentation fragments are modelled as objects in an object-oriented programming language and several kinds of links are provided between these objects. Therefore the term hyperobject system is used. The links support document organizational relationships, abstract presentation, annotations, program semantical relationships, and program-documentation relationships.

Joyce: an object-oriented decision tree builder

Joyce is an object-oriented visual programming environment for nonprogrammers. It permits an application developer to assemble a program by graphically choosing methods from a large library and linking them together using predefined control structures. Joyce also provides the developer with the ability to define data structures, interactive forms, and documentation without programming.

Some strategies of reuse in an object-oriented programming environment

In a single-subject study of a software developer working in an object-oriented programming environment, we found evidence of a development style characterized by pervasive software reuse. The subject employed regular strategies for template selection and coding in her work, and avoided techniques requiring deep understanding of code details or symbolic execution whenever possible. Within the limits of the design of the study, the subject's performance is related to attributes of object-oriented programming and our interpretation of the mature mental model with which she approached her task.

Intent: an integrated environment for distributed heterogeneous databases

Intent: an integrated environment for distributed heterogeneous databases

Fuzzy logic rule based system for separation sequence synthesis: An object-oriented approach

In the present work, an expert system for separation sequence synthesis (Hendry and Hughe, 1972; Seader and Westerberg, 1977; Nath and Mortard, 1981; Nadgir and Liu, 1983; Gomez-Munoz and Seader, 1985) by means of fuzzy heuristics is constructed with a nonconventional software design method. The methodology involves the use of production rules (IF—THEN rules), fuzzy logic (Zadeh 1973; Zimmermann, 1985) and object-oriented programming (Stefik and Bobrow, 1985; Booch, 1986). The construction of the present expert system is based on the result of a previous work in which the heuristic rules are transformed into the production rule format (Gharpuray et al., 1987). The significance of the present work lies in the successful implementation of the resultant production-rule system in an object-oriented programming environment known as the Lisp Object Oriented Programming System (LOOPS) (Stefik and Bobrow, 1985; Bobrow et al., 1985).

Semantics and implementation of schema evolution in object-oriented databases

Object-oriented programming is well-suited to such data-intensive application domains as CAD/CAM, AI, and OIS (office information systems) with multimedia documents. At MCC we have built a prototype object-oriented database system, called ORION. It adds persistence and sharability to objects created and manipulated in applications implemented in an object-oriented programming environment. One of the important requirements of these applications is schema evolution, that is, the ability to dynamically make a wide variety of changes to the database schema. In this paper, following a brief review of the object-oriented data model that we support in ORION, we establish a framework for supporting schema evolution, define the semantics of schema evolution, and discuss its implementation.

Hardware reconfiguration of Transputer networks for distributed object-oriented programming

It is shown elsewhere that dynamic reconfiguration of Transputer Link hardware is feasible. This paper shows how an object-oriented programming environment can make use of dynamic Link reconfiguration. Transputer concepts are introduced, with particular emphasis on how interprocessor communication is achieved and dynamic reconfiguration is discussed. Object-oriented programming techniques are then described, with particular emphasis on the problems of concurrent systems and distributed systems. The paper concludes wth suggestion as to how a reconfigurable system might be designed and used.

Mach and Matchmaker: kernel and language support for object-oriented distributed systems

Mach, a multiprocessor operating system kernel providing capability-based interprocess communication, and Matchmaker, a language for specifying and automating the generation of multi-lingual interprocess communication interfaces, are presented. Their usage together providing a heterogeneous, distributed, object-oriented programming environment is described. Performance and usage statistics are presented. Comparisons are made between the Mach/Matchmaker environment and other related systems. Possible future directions are examined.

FORMES: Composition and Scheduling of Processes

For some time, it has been recognized that the development and use of complex systems has been stifled by the inadequacy of ordinary programming languages (Winograd 1979). Music composition and synthesis (MCS) by computer offers a particularly clear example of this barrier. In the 1970s, a new generation of interactive languages appeared (Cointe 1983), establishing the concepts of active objects and message passing as a control structure for computation. It is significant that object-oriented programming matches most of the requirements of MCS. Toward a solution to problems of complexity in computer music, an object-oriented programming environment called FORMES has been developed and implemented at IRCAM. It supports a new language with original features for composition and scheduling of objects. FORMES are obviously not in exact correspondence with musical processes as perceived by the listener. FORMES is an interactive system first intended for MCS. However, by virtue of its unique architecture, its flexibility, and its ease of use, it should find applications in a large number of domains such as graphics animation and speech synthesis. Composers use FORMES for score development and sound synthesis. As an example, Chreode, a piece composed with FORMES by Jean-Baptiste Barriere, won the International Bourges Festival award in 1983 (Barriere 1983). Why is MCS one of the most interesting fields for testing advanced technology for computing? In MCS, perhaps even more than in artificial intelligence, programs have to be tested, modified, and rewritten very often. This modification must be effected quickly and easily; otherwise, the continuity between musical ideas and results gets lost. The complexity usually involved in human composing activity is far beyond what we are nowadays able to code in a few weeks or months. At the same time, scientists and musicians cannot be hampered by esoteric or hairy programs in the course of sophisticated musical research. Thus, friendly interaction is not a wish but a necessity. Finally, the system must be interactive and fast enough to control a real-time synthesizer.