Object-oriented Programming Environment Research Articles

Do we need a more sophisticated multilayer artificial neural network to compute roughness coefficient?

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are one of the most rapidly growing fields of soft computing. Along with deep learning, they are currently the most widely used machine learning techniques. Artificial neural networks are especially suitable for problem-solving where a researcher deals with incomplete data sets and no algorithms or specific sets of rules to be followed.This article deals with a case of comparison of several modifications of neural networks that may be applied to compute Chézy’s roughness coefficient. Neural network modelling is often started with one hidden layer. Having even one hidden layer, a neural network presents a powerful computing system to give good results. If it is necessary, the number of hidden layers may increase. Usually, two or three hidden layers of neurons are used. Diverse activation functions may also apply. The article aims to explore the necessity of developing sophisticated multilayer artificial neural networks to compute Chézy’s roughness coefficient.Under the study, the following modifications of the neural network computing Chézy’s roughness coefficient were considered and analysed: (1) Application of two hidden layers of neurons; (2) Application of three hidden layers of neurons; (3) Use of a dropout algorithm for training neural networks by randomly dropping units during training to prevent their co-adaptation; (4) Apart from the sigmoid (logistic) activation function, the use of other artificial neuron transfer functions – hyperbolic tangent (tanh) and rectifying activation function (ReLU).The training and testing of the considered neural network options were carried out using the actual hydro-morphological and hydrological data related to the channel section on the Dnieper River (downstream of Kyiv), the Desna River section near Chernihiv, and the Pripyat River section near the town of Turiv. The Python object-oriented programming environment was applied to build and train the neural networks. The test results confirm the acceptability and sufficiency of computing the Chézy roughness coefficient using the ANN of direct propagation with one hidden layer and a sigmoid logistic activation function. The formation of a qualitative set of training data, as well as data arrangement and choosing a relevant computing model based on empirical knowledge, are, as concluded, among more actual issues than creating more sophisticated neural networks.

Numerical calculation of heat transfer in a multilayer composite structure with honeycomb filler during autoclave molding at the heating stage

The production of any multilayer structure begins with the development of technological documentation, which describes, among other things, the temperature regimes during their manufacture. Conventionally, the temperature process of polymerization can be divided into three stages: preheating, temperature stabilization and cooling. The paper presents the results of a numerical calculation of temperature fields in a multilayer composite structure with a honeycomb filler during its manufacture by autoclave molding at the preheating stage. This method of manufacturing composite structures makes it possible to mold parts of varying complexity and dimensions, the demand for which is growing in such industries as mechanical engineering, aircraft building, and shipbuilding. The requirements for the quality of such products are increasing, which is greatly influenced by compliance with the temperature regime during molding. Conducting direct experiments requires large energy costs, therefore, to solve the problem of controlling heat exchange processes inside the structure, mathematical models were developed that describe these processes. A non-stationary heat conduction problem is formulated for a multilayer unbounded plate with a constant initial distribution, boundary conditions of the third kind on the outer boundaries, and boundary conditions of the fourth kind on the contact surfaces of the layers. Using the finite element method, the problem is reduced to three-point difference equations, the solution of which is found by the sweep method. The determination of the sweep coefficients is shown taking into account the thermal characteristics of the layers. The results of a numerical calculation of the temperature distribution for a nine-layer composite structure with a honeycomb core are presented. The numerical calculation was carried out using the developed program in the BorlandDelphi 7.0 object-oriented programming environment. The results obtained are presented in the form of graphic dependences of the temperature over the thickness of the sample at different points in time, as well as the dependence of temperature on time at various nodes of the sample in comparison with the theoretical curve. An analysis of these dependences was carried out, which showed that the heating of the sample occurs unevenly over its thickness. The deviation from the theoretical temperature values is observed in the layers located closer to the honeycomb layer. This can adversely affect the course of the polymerization step, which is characterized by the conversion of the binder into a polymer, and occurs at certain temperatures. Therefore, achieving the desired temperature values at the stage of heating the structure is important for the manufacture of reliable and durable structures that can withstand extreme operating conditions. The obtained temperature distributions make it possible to correct the technological process of manufacturing various multilayer structures at the stage of its development, which will reduce the economic costs of production.

Разработка программных продуктов с использованием символьных и строковых переменных в объектно-ориентированной среде

The features of developing software products using symbolic and string variables in the object-oriented C++ Builder environment are considered. The syntax is considered in detail in various examples when using symbolic and string variables in C++Builder software products. Examples of the use of character and string variables in the object-oriented programming environment C++ Builder, developed by the author, are presented in the form of algorithms, program code and program interfaces. The paper details examples of program development using symbols and string variables. The choice of the method necessary for solving problems is substantiated, taking into account the available initial data, as well as taking into account the forecast of the expected results and the features of their obtaining and further processing. The external specification and the main features of the solution of the set tasks are considered. The given examples of algorithms and programs in tasks with symbols and string variables in the C ++ Builder environment are the basis for developing software for solving engineering problems. The proposed approaches can be used in practice, since the algorithms presented in the work will serve as a complex example in solving the set engineering and technical problems.

Flow adaptive aerodynamic probe for turbomachinery flows

In order to enable turbomachinery research to obtain data highly resolved in space and time, a novel flow adaptive aerodynamic probe concept has been developed and presented in this paper. The algorithm selects the measurement positions of the probe automatically and therefore provides higher measurement fidelity compared to traditional methods. The development of the adaptive algorithm has been done in several steps. First an automatic 1Dtraversing algorithm has been developed. The following steps dealt with the subject of a 2D adaptive flow concept development, whereas primarily visual programming language-computer package simulations of the new 2D algorithm have been done based on data from previous test series at the Turbomachinery Laboratory. The new 2D traversing algorithm is fully selfcontrolled and requires minimal input such as blade count and hub and tip diameters. Furthermore, areas of interest (e.g. secondary flows, wake) are detected automatically and higher measuring point resolutions are ensured in these regions. After the successful simulations, the intelligent 2D algorithm has been adapted to an object oriented programming environment used for automated data acquisition and reduction. An evaluation of the flow adaptive aerodynamic flow concept has been done on a pressure turbine facility by means of a steady pneumatic probe. The measurement results show that the new 2D algorithm has the potential to detect new flow phenomena. In contrast to traditional algorithms, which in case of a possible enhancement demand a knowledge of the position of interesting areas such as the wake and vortical structures before starting the measurement, the new algorithm detects the right areas and enhances the resolution fully self controlled in these areas. Furthermore, the new 2D flow adaptive probe concept shows a significant improvement regarding the needed time for one measurement.

An object-oriented educational programming environment for AI speakers.

An object-oriented educational programming environment for AI speakers.

DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHMIC THINKING IN PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AT PROGRAMMING AND ROBOTICS CLASSES

The article considers the features of the continuous development of algorithmic thinking in preschoolers and primary school students at programming and robotics classes. The expediency of using various software and hardware tools for preschoolers and primary school students, such as Gigo Kids First Coding & Robotics, the freeware PictoMir, the LEGO Education WeDo robotic kit, and the object-oriented visual programming environment Scratch, is described. Practical tips for using these products are provided.

ОБУЧАЮЩЕЕ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ ПО СВОБОДНОЙ СРЕДЕ РАЗРАБОТКИ RSTUDIO

The article stipulates the relevance of developing a training application for a free software development environment RStudio focused on the study of statistical methods for processing experimental data. A brief description of the high-level object-oriented programming language and environment for statistical calcula-tions and visualization of the initial and calculated data R is given; substantiates its effectiveness in the educa-tional process. The functionality of the developed software product is described.

Автоматизированный комплекс для исследования свойств пылевой плазмы во внешнем магнитном поле

This chapter discusses the developed automated complex of computer programs for the investigation and simulation of the physical properties of magnetized dusty plasma. Computer simulation of the system was carried out on the basis of molecular dynamics, taking into account the influence of an external uniform magnetic field. The particles of the system interact with the potential of Yukawa. The complex was developed in the Borland Delphi7 object-oriented programming environment, using additional components. The complex consists of several subprograms with the help of which one can investigate the dynamic and structural properties of dusty plasma in an external magnetic field. The complex provides the transfer of information between the user-person and the software and hardware components of the computer system, makes communication with the computer as simple and natural as possible. The interface is as close as possible to the user, and the user can fully control the course of the program. In order to bring the interface as close as possible to the user, familiar terminology, customization of the user's reality, user-friendly interface and interface transparency were used. During calculations using an automated complex, you can change the system parameters, draw a graph of the results obtained, stop and exit the program. On the basis of this complex, the author's certificate “Magnetized Dusty Plasma” was obtained.

Improving Recuperative Air Heater to Enlarge its Application Area Provided that the Dust-Laden Heat Carrier is Used

The aim of the work is the development of highly efficient heat exchange equipment with an optimal flow of heat transfer media for heating air with the smudged flue gases that are released during various technological processes. To achieve this goal, the following work was used in the work: calculation methods for studying heat transfer; physical modeling of heat transfer processes; methods of mathematical statistics; methods of the theory of similarity; mathematical modeling of heat exchange between flue gases and air through loop tubes using an object-oriented programming environment Borland C++ Builder.The obtained results show that, with the correct choice of the coolant flow pattern, it is possible to heat air up to 500 ºС with a dusty coolant. The choice of the optimum design of the recuperator allows prolonging the period of effective operation. Advantage of the heater of the proposed design is the ability to carry out a stable heating of the combustion air, catching process dust, and prolong the effective operation of the air heater. The results of the solution of the tasks set in the work can be used to develop energy-saving complexes in the sphere of metallurgy and power engineering, for the development of energy-efficient complexes, highly efficient heat exchange equipment and systems for utilization of thermal secondary energy resources of high-temperature energy technological processes.

Evaluations of JaguarCode: A web-based object-oriented programming environment with static and dynamic visualization

To increase program comprehension and overcome learning obstacles of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), various visualization techniques have been adopted in educational OOP environments. Some provide software development with visual notations without source code, while others support programming with visual aids. Our research supports Java programming along with UML diagrams (class, object, and sequence) and dynamic execution traces of program synchronized in a web-based programming environment - JaguarCode. It aims to help students better understand the static structure and dynamic behavior of Java programs, as well as object-oriented design concepts. This paper reports on the evaluation results of JaguarCode to investigate its effectiveness and user satisfaction through quantitative and qualitative experiments. The experimental results revealed that having both static and dynamic visualizations did positively impact the correctness of program understanding and tracing problems, while the visual representations did affect students' understanding on the program execution of the problems to higher accuracy. It was also observed that students were satisfied with the aspects of those visualizations provided in JaguarCode.

소프트웨어 재사용을 위한 정보검색시스템 구축

In this paper, several problems functioning as the obstacles against software reuse were summarized. Among them, the issues dealt with in this paper include the effective method for constructing the library, the proper structure of the library, and the efficient retrieval technique. The knowledge-based approach and the information retrieval approach were integrated to construct and manage the library. The former is on the objectoriented model. Basically the object-oriented library is based on the classes and organized by inheritance. Because inheritance hierarchy is based on syntactical information, it dose not present the relationship of functionality. Using the information retrieval approach, the index file which characterizes the component and similarity among the components can be analyzed. Especially, we focused on the reusable library for the object-oriented programming environments.

Статистическое моделирование производственных процессов гибкой втоматизированной сборки в среде объектно-ориентированного программирования

Разработана программа, которая позволяет имитировать работу конвейера гибкого автоматизированного цеха сборки персональных компьютеров (ПК), с применением современного объектно-ориентированного языка программирования C#. Приведена диаграмма классов имитационной модели ГАЦ сборки ПК в режиме массового производства. Приводится анализ результатов моделирования.

A field forcing method for reduction of characterization time when testing synchronous machines

A new field forcing method based on the use of a PID controller in the exciting circuit of the tested synchronous machine and a method for determination of the controller’s optimal parameters are proposed. The optimal parameters of the controller are determined by the gradient descent method implemented in the Simulink Design Optimization block. Simulation in the MATLAB + Simulink visual object-oriented programming environment shows that the hardware-and-software implementation of the method for automated acquisition of the static characteristics, i.e., the no-load curve, the short-circuit curve, and the V-curve, of a particular 800-kW synchronous machine enables a reduction in the duration of these operation by by from three to five times. The time constants of the tested machines grow with their increasing capacities. Consequently, the higher the capacity of a synchronous machine, the greater the reduction in the time required to acquire the static characteristics. Thus, the proposed field forcing method as applied to hardware-and-software complexes of stands for testing synchronous machines in the electric machine industry will enable a considerable reduction in the time of the test procedure, which ultimately will result in reduced financial costs.

Ontology-based type-system integrated tools to infer facts about information objects for .NET platform

Development of a logical inference tool on ontologies for Microsoft.NET is considered. The tool stands out since it allows using the classes and objects of the object-oriented programming environment as concepts and individuals, respectively. This helps to construct the reasoning directly over program objects and provides typesafe tools to construct ontological descriptions of information. Restrictions associated with the potential of the C# and F# type systems for providing logical constructions are considered.

Productivity Prediction Research of Fractured Horizontal Wells for Low Permeability Gas Reservoirs

In order to effectually resolve the problems as embarrassing solving and cumbersome calculation in design and simulation of hydraulic fracturing in coal petrography, the productivity prediction analysis software of horizontal wells has been developed in this study based on the object-oriented visual programming environment. The analysis software can determine the rock mechanics parameters, the distribution of crustal stress and the coalbed methane production, which can greatly improve the work efficiency of the engineering staff. The software has better applicability and can provide a foundation for the analysis of CBM productivity prediction. The results show that: simulation analysis is of high precision, can satisfy the actual engineering needs. Fracture number and half-length have a greater impact on fracturing horizontal well production; moreover, crack width almost has no influence on production.

Efficient and extendible class scheme for the combined reaction–diffusion of multiple molecular species

When dealing with large numbers of cells in biophysical simulations, it is important to properly manage the different substances that diffuse and react in and around cells. Although in an object-oriented programming environment it seems more natural to define cells as the basic objects, it turns out that individual substances are better suited to take this role. Here we describe the biophysical problem and our computational solution, and display the results obtained with a toy model. We find that the new implementation does not decrease performance and yet it leads to a much better structured and modular code. This will make more realistic programs with many molecular pathways much more modular and readily extendible.

Integrated Sensor and Media Modeling Environment Developed and Applied to Ground-Penetrating Radar Investigation of Bridge Decks

Integrated sensor and media modeling environment has been developed to simulate subsurface sensing systems and environmental parameters relevant to the subsurface sensing modalities. The modeling environment is designed to represent complexity in subsurface features, sensor models, and the integration of the sensors with the subsurface environment. The ability to model complex subsurface environments and any potential random distribution of subsurface properties allows for realistic modeling of heterogeneous subsurface environments such as bridged deck/pavement systems. Many applications can benefit from the modeling, simulation, and interpretation capabilities in the new modeling environment that supports improved understanding of system behavior through simulations to evaluate the ability of a particular modality to detect defects. While numerous modeling packages exist to simulate different wave-based modalities, the integrated sensor and media modeling environment is developed to, in a straightforward manner, physically represent the complex subsurface civil infrastructure environment. Physical modeling capabilities enable the object-oriented programming environment facility portability to other application domains as a generic volume serves as the boundaries for internal elements modeled to represent realistic changes in material properties and buried objects. Model development is demonstrated on a realistic bridge deck example.

Programming theorems on enumerator

This paper deals with the examination of the programming patterns best known by programmers: the programming theorems. It is a significant issue that in what way these patterns can be formulated in order to solve a relatively broad spectrum of problems using a small number of patterns. In this paper, the well known programming theorems are applied to the processing of enumerators. To this end, the robustness of patterns gained this way will be presented, and it will be also pointed out how the programs thus constructed can be implemented in the modern object-oriented programming environments: in language C++, Java and C#.

A hybrid approach to experimental control

In the present article, I describe a new, hybrid approach to experimental control that combines the best features of general-purpose programs and specific-experiment programs. First, experimental control objects are developed in an object-oriented programming environment. Then, an XML file is used to select and arrange those control objects in order to carry out an experiment. A wide range of experiments can be implemented by specifying the arrangement of the control objects in the XML file, while, at the same time, the set of control objects can be easily extended for more demanding applications. An overview of a system using this approach is provided, along with some examples.

Formalising Form: An Alternative Approach To Algorithmic Composition

AbstractOne main issue in the field of algorithmic composition is the relationship between the algorithm and the final musical structure. This article investigates that relationship further and presents a method of algorithmic thinking in which the musical form is the starting point. Kimon, an object-oriented programming environment for computer-aided composition in which one creates abstractions of musical form, will be introduced. The aim is to take algorithmic composition closer to the musical output in order to work systematically with form and dramaturgy. An electroacoustic piece that has been conceived and generated in its entirety by the system will also be presented.