Object-oriented Design Methodology Research Articles

An enhanced control solutions for efficient urban waste management using deep learning algorithms

This study focuses on developing an efficient urban waste management system using deep learning algorithms and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The goal is to improve waste management in Ikot Ekpene municipality by enabling quick disposal responses to prevent environmental pollution. The researchers employed an Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology to develop a software system that integrates mobile GIS techniques and IoT sensors to monitor and manage waste. The system was trained using a dataset of 510 images of six classes of waste-related scenarios, with an 84% training set and 16% validation set. The results showed that the garbage bin half-full class had the highest F1 score (above 80%) at a confidence score of 0.4, indicating accurate detection. The average F1 score for all classes was 0.45 at a confidence score of 0.238. The system’s API was designed using Python, supporting both web-based and Android-based applications. The integration of IoT sensors and mobile GIS techniques enables real-time monitoring and efficient waste management. This study demonstrates the potential of deep learning algorithms and IoT technology in improving waste management services, contributing to a cleaner and healthier environment. The system’s effectiveness in detecting waste levels and triggering timely disposal responses can help prevent environmental pollution and enhance the well-being of citizens.

Improved Online Result Transcript Generation System

This study addresses the inefficiencies inherent in manual management of students’ academic records by proposing a robust online system for result processing and transcript generation. The aim of this study is to develop and implement an efficient online system for processing results and generating transcripts, to streamline the process and improve accessibility and accuracy. An in-depth analysis of the current manual processes reveals significant challenges and inefficiencies, which guide the design and development of a user-friendly, web-based application. The system employs the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design Methodology (OOADM) and integrates HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQLi technologies to ensure scalability and effective handling of extensive student data. This research offers a substantial contribution to the modernization of academic administrative processes, demonstrating how an automated system can significantly improve result processing and transcript.

Development and execution of a notification system for lectures in universities

The aim of this work is design and implementation of a lecture alert system for Computer Science Department which makes use of Short Message Service (SMS) to enable lecturers to know when they have lectures and also deliver the venue, department, day, date and time to their phones. The motivation for this work is due to the challenges of the consistence report of errors in the process of filling and allocating the lectures on the time table, lack of effective record system or database system to store the record of time table and clashes of lecture because one venue can be allocated to different lecturers at the same time. The methodology that will be employed in this study is the object-oriented analysis and design methodology (OOADM) which will make use of the following programming languages; JavaScript for controls and flexibility, PHP for effective linking and communication with the database machine, HTML for browser communicator, a database machine, MySQL, and macromedia flash (11.0) for the video output display. The expected result that will be obtained is to a design a conventional lecture alert system using Short Messaging Service (SMS), also to provide a new method of checking lectures using mobile phone short messaging service work and to alert students ahead of their lectures and inform them of the venue of the lecture.

A Model for Detection of Malwares on Edge Devices

Abstract- Malware detection is a significant challenge in today's digital landscape. As new forms of malware are continuously being developed, traditional detection techniques often fall short due to their inability to detect these new strains. This paperintroduces meaningful features that effectively capture various types of malware, including viruses, worms, Trojans and Ransomware on Edge devices. The paper used a model that implemented Random forest classifier for feature selection and a support vector machine (SVM) model for Malware detection. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology was used to as the design methodology, which involved identifying and modeling the different components of the system and their interactions. The system was developed using Python programming language, with an emphasis on model deployment via Python Flask for web-based testing and execution. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed systems when compared with other existing system. The result gotten from proposed system is better than that of the existing system by achieving a detection accuracy of 99.98% which is better than existing techniques. This dissertation presents a promising direction for improving malware detection using support vector machine (SVM) model and highlights the potential for collaborative learning approaches to overcome the challenges of traditional centralized approaches. This result simulates edge device that performs malware detection. It measures the latency for each detection and prints whether the latency is high or low. After the simulation, it plots a graph to visualize the latency over multiple requests. Which shows that the proposed model had low latency between 0.25secs to 0.15 secs on multiple requests.

Intelligent Face Recognition Based Students’ Attendance System

This paper aims at developing an intelligent face recognition students’ attendance system to enhance school attendance tracking. The system is made up of four phases- database of students’ details, face detection, face recognition and attendance report. The database stores all the students’ details and images of the students’ face captured while face detection and recognition is carried out with convolutional neural network algorithms from the face recognition and opencv library. As faces are detected and recognized from live streaming video of the classroom, attendance are recorded into an excel file and then sent to a real time database. The system also contains a mobile interface through which the course instructors can access information at all time. The methodology adopted for this work is object-oriented analysis and design methodology (OOADM) while programming language used is Python. This work has helped immensely to eliminate the issue of proxy attendance as well as reduce the time wasted in manual attendance system. It is very beneficial to schools and other institutions where attendance is required.

Development of a Software Package for Computing Psychometric Properties of Multiple Choice Tests Using Norm-Referenced Approach.

This work is on the development of a software package for computing the psychometric properties of multiple choice tests using norm-referenced approach. Focus was on item indices which are difficulty, discrimination and distracter indices. There are no easily affordable statistical packages in the Nigerian market for the computation of these indices. Most studies involving them have always been done manually due non-availability of affordable statistical software. Hence, the researcher was motivated to embark on this investigation. Three research questions were formulated to guide this study. Analysis of the existing system was done on BILOG-MG statistics. This study deployed the following methodologies: mathematical, structured systems analysis and design methodology (SSADM), the object-oriented analysis and design methodology (OOADM) and prototyping. The design for the study was instrumentation. The population for the study was 225 students which consisted of all the JS3 students of 2016/2017 session in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The researcher made use of two instruments for the study. The first was the Rivers State Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE), 2017 multiple choice questions in Mathematics. The second was a group of system software: HTML, PHP, JavaScript and MySQL. The responses of the students were used to test the effectiveness and efficiency of the software package developed in this study. Data analysis was done first with manual computation and second with the software package that was developed. The manual computation took the researcher 180 hours while the electronic computation with the developed software took only six hours to complete. The findings from the results of the study showed that the developed software was accurate in computing the difficulty, discrimination and distactor indices of the test items and it has a very high rate of accuracy. The study recommended that the developed software should be used to compute the difficulty, distractor and discrimination indices of multiple choice tests.

Web-Based Antam Gold Savings and Pawn Calculation Application

The demand for a user-friendly website that enables the withdrawal of funds from gold savings accounts at Pegadaian has experienced substantial growth amidst the ongoing epidemic. Due to its inherent value and stability, gold assumes particular significance in times of economic uncertainty, allowing individuals to liquidate their savings when necessary. The old approach entailed the manual input of customer information through Excel, which consequently required face-to-face interactions for payment processing. Nevertheless, a significant shift has transpired through the integration of an internet-based platform, facilitating the provision of personal data by clients and thereby establishing virtual profiles to conduct online transactions. Implementing this transformation has resulted in a more streamlined process, enhancing efficiency and improving accessibility for clients.
 The research methodology employed for this project is descriptive, encompassing direct field observations. Furthermore, the system employs the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology to analyze and design the system. The main objective is to develop a system that streamlines the procedures of gold pawning and online savings for consumers. The data input process utilizes the PHP programming language, whereby the data is safely stored within a MySQL database. The integration of these elements guarantees a system that is both secure and efficient, effectively addressing the requirements of both customers and administrators.

APPLICATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY AND DATABASE (KDD) IN CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM

Applications of Knowledge Discovery and Database (KDD) in Clinical Decision Support Systems) is a research work that aims to develop a medical system that has the ability to detect and suggest cure for an ailment with minimal effort. Healthcare system has been a major source of worry across the globe in recent time due to emergence of different types of diseases and epidemics. The number of health care personnel in various hospitals falls short of the number required most especially in terms of specialists. The medical system in Nigeria today suffers from lack of fast, accurate, reliable and intelligent software solutions that can help healthcare practitioners make decisions that would solve urgent, and in some cases, complex medical problems in real-time. Also, the cost of processing and analyzing large volumes of data in a medical environment is high most especially in terms of time consumption. So in this research design and implement clinical decision support system using knowledge discovery in database (KDD) was the major focus. The design required a computerized database for storing medical records as well as software for improved intelligence-based medical procedures that were going to be simpler to use, versatile, adaptable, savvy, and effortless at combining and evaluating medical data, allowing medical practitioners at all levels to make realistic, intelligent, and real-time decisions on critical health issues. The system was designed using the Object-Oriented Design and Analysis Methodology (OOADM).

Tank Battle And Trivia Quiz Games Development Using Construct 2 To Improve Critical Thinking Ability

Game is something that is fun and entertaining 'of all time' and will always be in this world and can be enjoyed by both children, and adults. There are various types of games that are often played, including shooting and quiz games. Shooting Game has the main theme of shooting where players will beat each other to become the winner. While Quiz Game or often called Trivia Quiz is a game where players try to answer the questions given to get various kinds of prizes and become a winner. Construct 2 is a program for making games without writing programming code, because most of the game's logic can be arranged via the menu.This study aims to create a game design that is a combination of Shooting Game and Trivia Quiz where players can play both types of games simultaneously. While the program used is construct 2. And the sample used is 16 years and over. The methodology used is object-oriented design methodology. The modeling tools used are use case diagrams, activity diagrams and class diagrams. The results of making this game show that combining more than one type of game can be done and make a game more interesting.

Land and Building Tax Calculation Application (E-PBB)

Introducing an efficient land and building tax computation system can have favorable outcomes for the rural community and its inhabitants. The management and authenticity of data about the distribution of Property Tax Notification Letters (SPPT) have historically posed issues within the tax management process.
 The e-PBB program for calculating land and building taxes in the Tribaktimulya Village case study is implemented as a web-based platform. The application utilizes quantitative data collection methods, including observation, interviews, and literature reading. The system is developed with the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology, which encompasses the stages of analysis, design, and system implementation centered around objects.
 The design of this system is anticipated to enhance the ability of village authorities to input and compute land and building taxes that are either outstanding or paid. Automating the calculation process will enhance efficiency while simplifying tax report generation will contribute to a more effective and streamlined operational workflow.

ANALISIS DAN DESAIN SISTEM APLIKASI PENJADWALAN KULIAH PENGGANTI (RESCHEDULE-IN) BAGI MAHASISWA DAN DOSEN DI UNIVERSITAS

The process of scheduling replacement classes is a crucial activity in a university environment. This task is performed when events occur that result in the cancellation of scheduled classes, such as a teacher's unavailability, emergency situations, and others. The manual approach to scheduling replacement classes often takes a long time, lacks efficiency, and is prone to errors. Therefore, an efficient system for scheduling replacement classes is needed. The Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology is used for the analysis, which includes various diagrams such as use case diagrams, use case scenarios, sequence diagrams, and activity diagrams.

Voice Assistant Notepad

Abstract: The notepad is made on the basic concept of a real-time voice to text conversion technology that translates said words into text exactly as the user pronounces them. We developed a real-time speech recognition system and tested it in normal surroundings. The system is made up of two parts: the first is for processing an acoustic signal acquired by a microphone, and the second is for interpreting the processed signal and translating it to words. We want a voice recognition system that is reliable and inexpensive and with a good efficiency in performance. This system allows us to take notes faster which helps us to increase productivity and maintain good work life balance at the same time. This helps people of all age groups such as kids to take down notes who find writing difficult, adults to note down paragraphs or important points more easily and elderly persons to make use of technology who find typing hard. The software program was created using an object-oriented analysis and design methodology, and it accomplishes Speech Recognition by detecting and also capturing the audio using the microphone on the device. Along with additional advantages, the suggested system decreased the note making duration to more than 50% depending on the user's speed. To address the present issues with note taking, we decided to take on and do the project.

Design and Implementation of a Web-based Document Management System

One area that has seen rapid growth and differing perspectives from many developers in recent years is document management. This idea has advanced beyond some of the steps where developers have made it simple for anyone to access papers in a matter of seconds. It is impossible to overstate the importance of document management systems as a necessity in the workplace environment of an organization. Interviews, scenario creation using participants' and stakeholders' first-hand accounts, and examination of current procedures and structures were all used to collect data. The development approach followed a software development methodology called Object-Oriented Hypermedia Design Methodology. With the help of Unified Modeling Language (UML) tools, a web-based electronic document management system (WBEDMS) was created. Its database was created using MySQL, and the system was constructed using web technologies including XAMPP, HTML, and PHP Programming language. The results of the system evaluation showed a successful outcome. After using the system that was created, respondents' satisfaction with it was 96.60%. This shows that the document system was regarded as adequate and excellent enough to achieve or meet the specified requirement when users (secretaries and departmental personnel) used it. Result showed that the system developed yielded an accuracy of 95% and usability of 99.20%. The report came to the conclusion that a suggested electronic document management system would improve user happiness, boost productivity, and guarantee time and data efficiency. It follows that well-known document management systems undoubtedly assist in holding and managing a substantial portion of the knowledge assets, which include documents and other associated items, of Organizations.

PERANCANGAN APLIKASI PERKANTORAN ELEKTRONIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS DESIGN BERBASIS WEB PADA KJPP DAR

This project aims to create an electronic office application to effectively handle administrative administration in the department. The results are then used to the OOAD-based design of electronic office applications, which might facilitate management of search data and administration. The requirements phase kicks off the OOAD stages, which then go on to analysis, design, implementation, and testing. Modeling is done using the Unified Modeling Language (UML), which also uses Use Case Diagrams, Activity Diagrams, Class Diagrams, and Sequence Diagrams. The object-oriented analysis design methodology is being used by the IT Department of PT Infineon Batam to produce electronic office applications, and it is based on a website developed using the PHP MySQL database programming language. The results of this study include the creation of an electronic office application using the OOAD methodology, which has been implemented via the localhost webserver. These results include a system analysis, interface system design, testing of the system with a black box system, and testing results with test sample cases that have been carried out to determine that this software can be used correctly.

Prediction of Covid-19 New Cases and New Deaths in Nigeria Using Polynomial Regression Model

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) is a global pandemic and Nigeria is not left out in being affected. This study is focused on the analysis prediction of the spread of Covid-19 in Nigeria, applying statistical model (Polynomial Regression) and available data from the NCDC. The study is an insight into the spread of Covid-19 in Nigeria in order to establish a suitable prediction model, which can be applied as a decision-supportive tool for assigning health interventions and mitigating the spread of the Covid-19 infection. The polynomial regression models are prominent tools in predicting the impact of certain factors on COVID19 outbreak and taking the necessary measures to respond to this crisis. The objective of this study is to implement a predictive model in forecasting the near future number of new death and positive COVID-19 cases expected in Nigeria following the present trend. A polynomial regression model prediction on the epidemiological data obtained from Nigerian Centre for Disease Control to predict the epidemiological trend of the prevalence and incidence of COVID-2019. In this study, we examined the inadequacies involved in the manual method of predicting new death and COVID-19 case to enable government to make decision in reducing the death and spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria. The methodology we adopted in this study is the Object-Oriented Design Methodology (OODM) which combines data and processes (methods) into single entities called objects while Microsoft Visual Basic is our programming language of implementation. The new system will be used in generation of reports and results to create, process, and validate a model that can be used to forecast future outcomes of new death and COVID-19 case. The system was implemented using VB.net programming language and SQLite because it is not a server side application, which needs a standard database management system. Keywords: Prediction, COVID-19, Coronavirus, Pandemic, Morbidity, Polynomial regression, Prominent, Predictors, Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC).

Using Software Applications To Enhance E-Government Service Delivery In Botswana

Scholars, the ICT community, and policy experts argue that ICT benefits have not been harnessed by most citizens in developing countries, particularly Botswana, due to lack of indigenous software applications for e-commerce, health, customer services, and mismanagement of the ICT infrastructures. Considering the huge investment of public funds on broadband fibre hub, acquization of ICT infrastructures, various committees and sub-committees setup for the management of these infrastructures, it should be expected the the country is well equipped to become the centre for ICT hub in Africa, which unfortunately is not so. Thus, researchers and the media have decried the lack of ICT infrastructure utilization and lack of software applications to utilize the vast infrastructures. To ascertain these reports and better understand the situation, there is a need to holistically research into the ICT project's activities. The mixed research methodology was used in this research which comprised qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection and analysis to gain an in-depth understanding of the broadband development services and users' experiences in Botswana. Also used is the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) methodology with a specific method known as Rapid Application Development (RAD), which enables the researchers to develop software prototypes for Children quickly -Parents Immunisation Alert, License Examination Booking System, and End-user query register as a consequent of the survey conducted that identified these applications as urgently needed to turn around the service delivery and improve on ICT access across the country. The local software developed in this research is expected to boost economic activities and provides a platform for users to adequately utilize the facilities and thus turn the ICT project of Botswana into the type that benefits its populace and creates employment for its youth.

REVISION: A System for Motion Detection in Real-Time Video Streams

This paper discusses the implementation of REVISION, a GUI-enabled security and surveillance system that detects motion in video streams received from attached webcams in real time. REVISION has the ability to automatically analyze the video images, alert and archive the images when motion is detected from the view of the camera. This provides relief to the normal video surveillance system which continuously records the situations even when there is nothing happening in front of the camera; a situation that results in consumption of large amount of memory and a time-consuming reviewing process requiring more manpower and human resources. The system is designed and modelled using Object-Oriented analysis and design methodology, and implemented using Java programming language. The initial testing of the system shows that it worked as expected

A model-based design of an onboard stereo vision system: obstacle motion estimation for cooperative automated vehicles

Cooperative automated vehicle software needs to use advanced software engineering design methodologies to manage the complexity of distributed software. This article presents a design model of a stereo vision system for cooperative automated vehicles based on object-oriented analysis and design methodologies and unified modeling language concepts. We use a rational unified process and the 4+1 architectural view model to design the stereo vision system. The designed model is a part of the perception system of the ego vehicle. The stereo vision system continuously perceives the traffic environment using an on-board front-facing stereo camera and sends information to the vehicle control system. The stereo vision system is developed on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS platform with the Nvidia DriveWorks framework using the C++ programming language, and it is deployed on Nvidia Drive PX2 automotive-grade embedded hardware platform. The designed and developed system is evaluated on the Carla simulation environment and the Renault Twizy cooperative automated vehicle research platform. The experimental results show that the approach is applicable, and the system is capable of running in real-time.

An Adaptable Ontology for Easy and Efficient University Data Management in Niger Delta University

The structure, variety and quantity of some current web content are limited in efficient exploration due to difficulty in searching and locating a specific content. A case is the Niger Delta University where there is no unified online structure holding relevant university data. This is because there is no common data model to manage the data for which such query can easily be interpreted semantically. Therefore, this paper presents the application of semantic web technology for the unification of university data management. This research prepares the ground for the advent of software agents and other applications that require structured data for their computational processes. The ontology development follows an iterative path of the Object-Oriented System Analysis and Design (OOSAD) methodology. SPARQL was used as the query language for testing the ontology. The result is a semantically structured data that is deployable and can be expanded and adapted in other institutions.

A framework for tracking the distribution of increasingly abused pharmaceutical medications

The purpose of this study is to identify a system for tracking the distribution of increasingly abused prescription drugs. The problems identified in the study was the increase of prescribed drugs falling into the category of drugs that are frequently abused and this was as a result of improper systems in place designed to track such drugs alongside normal drug distribution networks. The theories of drug abuse highlight the propensity for the increased rate of drug abuse amongst individuals and why it has become imperative that a system that will track such drugs be developed and must be dynamic to readily update new discoveries falling into the abuse category. The study used the object-oriented design methodology to formulate designs for the system through eliciting information on the subject matter with documents and literature of previous works, empirical investigations and personal interviews. The obtained knowledge was then used in designing the proposed system requirements. Manual tests were carried out in units for each component’s functionality before the system was tested as a single integrated unit. The study concludes with the development of a system that can meet the dynamic requirements for tracking the distribution of drugs that are subject to drug abuse along with the distribution framework.