Prevalence Of Obesity In Adolescents Research Articles

One-Year Self-Reported Appetite Is Similar in Adolescents with Obesity Who Do or Do Not Undergo Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Background: With the growing prevalence of severe obesity in adolescents, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), a type of metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), is increasingly being performed at a younger age. Data regarding changes in homeostatic and hedonic appetite following SG are conflicting in adults, with some studies showing no change and others showing a decrease in appetite. Data evaluating the effect of SG on appetite during adolescence, when appetite is more plastic, are currently lacking. Objective: To evaluate appetite changes one year after SG in adolescents with obesity vs. in non-surgical controls (NS). Methods: Thirty-nine subjects 13–21 years old with severe obesity were followed for a year; 19 underwent SG, and 20 were followed without surgery. Subjects had fasting blood tests for appetite-regulating hormones and completed a visual analog scale for appetite assessment (VAS). Results: The SG group had a decrease in body mass index (BMI) at one-year (baseline: 48.2 ± 1.7 kg/m2; one-year follow-up: 42.6 ± 1.0 kg/m2 (p ≤ 0.0001)). No within- or between-group differences were noted in the one-year change in appetite in the SG and NS groups. After SG, fasting ghrelin decreased (p ≤ 0.0001); however, no changes were noted in peptide YY (PYY) levels. Changes in one homeostatic appetite measure following SG were inversely associated with changes in fasting PYY (r = −0.583, p = 0.011). Appetite changes were not associated with weight loss or final BMI. Conclusions: There were no changes in appetite measures one-year after SG from pre-surgery levels in adolescents with obesity, and appetite changes were not associated with changes in BMI. It is important to evaluate the impact of long-term appetite changes, if any, on weight loss after SG.

The coexistence of obesogenic behaviors among Brazilian adolescents and their associated factors

BackgroundThe prevalence of obesity in adolescents has increased significantly in recent years. The growth of obesity is motivated by the association with modifiable behaviors, however, this behavioral are commonly evaluated individually, not considering the possibility of these factors coexisting in the individual. The purpose of this essay was to identify the coexistence of obesogenic behaviors among Brazilian adolescents and to assess the factors associated with the presence of these behaviors.MethodsThis a cross-sectional, national, school-based study with data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), totaling a sample of 71,552 Brazilian adolescents. To identify the coexistence of obesogenic behaviors in adolescents, the Principal Component Analysis has been performed. To assess the association between factors that influence the coexistence of modifiable behaviors in the pattern of obesogenic behavior, logistic regression was used. The magnitude of the associations was estimated by the Odds Ratio (OR), with the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).ResultsThe component was characterized by a higher percentage of ultra-processed food intake, longer in front of screens, having a habit of snacking in front of the television, and not having the habit of eating breakfast. In the adjusted logistic model, it shows that female adolescents and who declare themselves black are more likely to belong to the third tertile of the pattern of obesogenic behavior. As for teenagers who sometimes or almost always or always have lunch or dinner with parents or guardians, who have longer hours of sleep and who live in economically disadvantaged regions have reduced chances of belonging to the third tertile of the pattern of obesogenic behavior.ConclusionThe identification of obesogenic behavior patterns allows assertive interventions to eliminate or reduce these changeable behaviors, also aiming at the possibility of reducing obesity among adolescents.

Obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions among adolescents aged 10-17 years: The National Survey of Children's Health 2017-2018.

Adolescents have a high prevalence of obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health co-occurring conditions. This study examined the association between obesity and several co-occurring conditions - autism spectrum disorder (ASD); intellectual disability; learning disability; stuttering, stammering or other speech problems; developmental delay; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; epilepsy or seizure disorder; cerebral palsy; depression; anxiety; and Tourette Syndrome - in adolescents aged 10-17 years (n=26 266) using 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health data. This cross-sectional study used 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health data (n=27 328); χ2 tests were conducted to compare the prevalence of obesity and several co-occurring conditions. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to adjust for age, gender, race/ethnicity and householdincome. Obesity prevalence was 15.3%. Adolescents with ASD (25.1%) and epilepsy/seizure disorder (27.8%) had the greatest obesity prevalence. Adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, odds of obesity were higher in those with ASD (odds ratio (OR) 1.7, confidence interval (CI) 1.2-2.6), learning disability (OR 1.5, CI 1.2-2.0), epilepsy or seizure disorder (OR 2.2, CI 1.2-3.8) and depression (OR 2.0, CI 1.6-2.5). For all regression analyses, odds of obesity were higher among adolescents who were non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic and low-income. The increased prevalence of obesity in adolescents with ASD, learning disability, epilepsy or seizure disorder, and depression demonstrates the need to attend to their nutrition and physical activity needs. Future research should examine obesity risk factors among adolescents with specific neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions, as well as racial or ethnic minority and low-income populations, to properly tailor obesity prevention services.

School environment and obesity in adolescents from a Brazilian metropolis: cross-sectional study

BackgroundChildhood-juvenile obesity is a globally acknowledged public health issue. The school environment has been widely assessed because it is where adolescents stay longer during the day, and it may have impact on obesity. School became a crucial environment for obesity prevention in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to associate schools’ internal environment factors and its surrounding areas with obesity in adolescents from a Brazilian metropolis.MethodsCross-sectional study based on data from the Study on Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents. The sample comprised 2,530 adolescents in the age group 12–17 years, who were enrolled in public and private schools in Belo Horizonte City, Brazil. Obesity was the dependent variable based on the cut-off point score-z + 2 for body mass index based on age. School environment’s independent variables were ‘managerial dependence type’, ‘number of drinking fountains’, ‘school sports environment’ and ‘ready-to-eat food shops’ around the school (within an 800 m buffer).ResultsObesity prevailed in 7.21% in sample. The largest number of drinking fountains decrease by 9% the chances of obesity in adolescents enrolled in public and private schools; however, the second and third terciles recorded for the number of ready-to-eat food shops within the 800 m buffer around schools increased by 24% and 44% the chances of obesity, respectively.ConclusionSchool food environment aspects such as the number of operational drinking fountains and the availability of ready-to-eat food shops around the school were associated with obesity in adolescents from a Brazilian metropolis.

Adolescent Obesity Prevention in Saudi Arabia: Co-identifying Actionable Priorities for Interventions.

BackgroundChildhood obesity is a serious issue in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, but there is no known community intervention. The aim of the study was to use a participatory approach to obtain the perspectives of students, school staff and Ministry of Education (MoE) representatives and parents on important and feasible intervention opportunities for school-based obesity prevention for adolescent girls.MethodThe study was conducted in two intermediate schools for girls (13–15 years old) in Jeddah that were purposefully identified with the support of the MoE. Group concept mapping, a mixed method approach, was conducted with 19 adults which included staff from the MoE and schools, school canteen suppliers and mothers. Adults generated statements in response to two prompts (P); P1 “The factors influencing adolescent obesity in Saudi are...” and P2 “The content of school-based programmes should focus on....” Photovoice-enhanced concept mapping was used with students (n = 15 students) to capture adolescent perspectives on what influences their dietary and physical activity habits. Students generated statements' using their own photographs. Stakeholders, both adult and students, sorted the statements into themes and rated each statement for relative importance and feasibility. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to produce concept maps with the input from students and adults.ResultAdults generated 35 statements in response to P1 and identified five themes that influenced adolescent obesity including “Home Environment,” “Lifestyle,” “School Environment,” “Community,” “Biology.” They generated 42 statements in relation to P2 and identified four themes including “Ministry of Education Support,” “School Environment,” “Public health programmes” and “Wider environmental influences.” Students generated 42 statements from 39 pictures. They identified five themes that influenced their dietary and physical activity habits—“Role of Government,” “School Environment,” “Home Environment,” “Retail Environment” and “Cultural Practices.” Both groups identified several common important and feasible actions with a strong emphasis on improving the school environment, in particular food provision, with MoE support. Exemplar corresponding statements from adults were “Offer healthy foods in the canteen,” “Remove chocolates and sweets” and “Educate children about healthy foods” and from students were “Offer fruit and vegetables in the canteen,” “Remove chocolates from the canteen,” “Healthy meals should not expensive.” Lack of correspondence related to students' emphasis on access to both healthy foods and physical activity in schools and the wider environment (e.g. retail environments), while adults emphasized school-based education and food provision. After further consultations, both stakeholder groups agreed on improving access to healthy foods in the canteen.ConclusionsStudents and school and MoE staff jointly agreed that a canteen-based intervention was important and feasible to improve dietary habits and thus help to prevent obesity among adolescent girls. This was the first time a participatory approach was used with students for intervention development in Saudi Arabia. A co-development approach may have value to improve their school food environments.

Persepsi remaja terhadap perilaku emotional eating

Adolescence is a transitional period which is usually marked by significant emotional changes. Some teenagers still have difficulty coping with the emotions they are experiencing, so they choose to calm them down by eating. This can be known as emotional eating. However, many adolescents do not know and realize this behavior, which if done excessively can lead to overweight or even obesity. So through this research, we try to find out the extent of adolescent knowledge regarding emotional eating behavior. Our findings indicate that differences in school levels determine this knowledge, so that the provision of material related to eating disorders is not fully understood by adolescents. In fact, the prevention of obesity in adolescents is more effective if given since early adolescence, namely by including the curriculum in schools related to self-control and basic knowledge related to eating disorders and other disorders that generally begin to occur in adolescence.

An analysis of current obesity strategies for adolescents in NSW against best practice recommendations: Implications for researchers, policymakers and practitioners.

Obesity is a significant health challenge facing adolescents. There is a critical need for government action to support all adolescents to improve risk factors for obesity. This study critically appraised initiatives, guidelines and policies (termed "strategies") from local health districts (LHDs), speciality health networks and Primary Health Networks (PHNs) across New South Wales (NSW), relevant to the prevention and management of obesity amongst adolescents and compare these to best practice recommendations. We critically appraised strategies against best practice recommendations that included support, access, responsiveness to needs, supportive environment, monitoring and evaluation and health equity. Strategies were collected by systematically searching websites of 15 LHDs, one speciality health network and 10 PHNs. There was evidence of strategies regarding adolescent obesity prevention and management across all best practice recommendations. There was limited evidence of adolescent consumer participation, digital strategies for health services and online health information. There were minimal targeted public or school-based education campaigns and interventions on physical activity or nutrition. Place-based approaches such as sports and recreation facilities were not included in policies regarding the sale of healthy food and drinks. Evaluation evidence across all strategies was minimal. Numerous strategies are being implemented across NSW to address adolescent obesity. Despite this, the alignment of strategies with best practice recommendations is poor and evidence of progress in tackling adolescent obesity remains unclear. SO WHAT?: Opportunities to generate and translate best practice evidence within government strategies for obesity must be prioritised with embedded measurement and evaluation plans.

CALCIUM INTAKE AND OBESITY ON ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN SURAKARTA

Background: The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents continues to increase in recent years. In addition to genetic and environmental factors, calcium intake is one of the intake factors associated with Body Mass Index-for-age and waist circumference. This study aims to determine the relationship between calcium intake with BMI-for-age and waist circumference in adolescent girls in Surakarta. Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design involving 212 adolescent girls aged 15-18 years from 7 senior high schools (SMA) in Surakarta City. The research subjects were determined by the stratified random sampling method. Data of calcium intake was obtained from food recall 3 x 24 hours. Data of waist circumference was obtained by direct measurement. BMI-for-age was determined by calculating BMI-for-age using WHO Anthro Plus+ software to be presented in percentile form. Data analysis used Spearman's rank test with p<0.05. Results: The prevalence of obesity in adolescent girls based on BMI-for-Age and waist circumference were 13.2% and 16%, respectively. All respondents had low calcium intake (100%). There was no relationship between calcium intake with BMI-for-age (p=0.920; r=-0.007) and waist circumference (p=0.913; r=-0.008) in adolescent girls in Surakarta. Conclusion: There was no relationship between calcium intake with BMI-for-age and waist circumference. Adolescents need to increases the adequacy of calcium intake to prevent obesity.

Peran Edukasi Gizi terhadap Pengetahuan Gizi Seimbang dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Siswa SMA/Sederajat di Banten

Obesity is one of the most common nutritional problems in adolescents. The report from Basic Health Survey (Riskesdas) showed an increase the prevalence of obesity in adolescents, as 7.5% (2013) and 9.5% (2018). Obesity is also a risk factor for degenerative diseases. This activity was held to provide information on balanced nutrition guidelines and physical activity to prevent obesity during the Covid-19 pandemic. Education on balanced nutrition guidelines and physical activity was held by Zoom meeting. The targets of this activity were students in senior high school in Banten. The results showed that there was an increase of average knowledge score after nutrition education, from 7.48 to 14.09, and there was a significant difference between knowledge scores before and after the nutrition education (p value = 0.000). This results shows that the online method using zoom meeting is one of choice for the implementation of nutrition education in the community during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Association between obesity and lung function in South African adolescents of African Ancestry

BackgroundThere is a growing body of literature on the increasing prevalence of obesity in adolescents of Sub-Saharan African ancestry. However, limited data is available on the impact of obesity on pulmonary function. This study assessed the relationship between obesity and lung function in South African adolescents of African ancestry.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving 10–14 year old adolescents recruited from middle schools of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Body mass index (BMI) was converted to percentiles for age and sex and used to classified obesity. Spirometry was performed to assess lung function. Chi-square test of association and binary regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between obesity and airway obstruction. Adjusted linear regression was used to determine the relationship between obesity and lung function parameters.ResultsA total of 540 adolescents were recruited for the study among which 77 (14.3%) were obese. Lung function parameters: forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were higher (p < 0.001) in obese than in non-obese adolescents while peak expiratory flow (PEF) % and FEV1/FVC ratio were lower (p < 0.05) in obese than non-obese adolescents. Obesity was associated (χ2 = 9.614; p < 0.01) with airway obstruction and obese adolescents were over 1.5 times more likely to have pulmonary obstruction (OR: 1.57; p < 0.05) than their non-obese counterparts. Anthropometric measures were positively associated (p < 0.05) with FVC, FEV1, PEF and/or FEV25-75 but negatively associated with FEV1/FVC ratio.ConclusionsObesity was associated with airway obstruction in South Africa adolescents of African ancestry.

Socio-economic inequalities in child growth: Identifying orientation and forward-looking layout

Socio-economic inequalities in child growth: Identifying orientation and forward-looking layout

Pathways of parental influence on adolescent diet and obesity: a psychological stress–focused perspective

Youth obesity has become increasingly prevalent, with 34.5% of US adolescents 12-19 years old estimated to have overweight or obesity. Disordered eating and weight concern peak in adolescence, and overeating to cope with negative emotions can affect long-term health and obesity risk. Parents significantly influence adolescent diet quality, and parental stress may influence parenting behaviors that increase the risk for stress-motivated eating and obesity in adolescents. Chronic or repeated exposure to parental stress may lead to stress-related neurophysiological changes that promote consumption of palatable foods and obesogenic eating habits in adolescents. Understanding how parental stress influences adolescents' eating behavior may reveal novel access points for reducing adolescent obesity. Here, we aim to provide a new stress-focused framework for developing intervention strategies targeted at obesity prevention in adolescents.

Establishing a normative table for classifying body fat percentage in adolescents

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity in adolescents has increased worldwide, which is closely related to comorbidities in adulthood. Despite the severity of this pathology and its significant impacts on the health system, there is no international consensus on the cut-off point for the percentage of body fat for Brazilian children and adolescents, making it difficult to make an accurate and early diagnosis addition to assertive treatment.&#x0D; Objective: This study aimed to establish cut-off points for body fat percentage in male and female adolescents aged 16 to 19 years using bioelectrical impedance (InBody 570®).&#x0D; Methods: Gender-specific tables were proposed based on the percentiles 3, 5, 10, 15, 25, 50, 75, 85, 95, and 97. A total of 546 adolescents were included.&#x0D; Results: The body fat percentage cut-off points for the male group were: P3 = 6.0-7.0%; P5 = 7.1-8.9%; P10 = 9.0-9.8%; P15 = 9.9-11.7%; P25 = 11.8-15.5%; P50 = 15.6-21.9%; P75 = 22.0-27.8%; P85 = 27.9-36.0%; P95 = 36.1-38.0% and P97 ≥ 38.1%. For females, the cut-off points were: P3 = 9.5-10.0%; P5 = 10.1-11.0%; P10 = 11.1-11.8%; P15 = 11.9-14.0%; P25 = 14.1-19.0%; P50 = 19.1-27.1%; P75 = 27.2-29.0%; P85 = 29.1-39.9%; P95 = 40.0-51.0% and P97 ≥ 51.0%.&#x0D; Conclusion: The establishment of cut-off points for body fat percentage may improve the clinical assessment and management of overweight and obese adolescents.

Mobile Health App for Adolescents: Motion Sensor Data and Deep Learning Technique to Examine the Relationship between Obesity and Walking Patterns

With the prevalence of obesity in adolescents, and its long-term influence on their overall health, there is a large body of research exploring better ways to reduce the rate of obesity. A traditional way of maintaining an adequate body mass index (BMI), calculated by measuring the weight and height of an individual, is no longer enough, and we are in need of a better health care tool. Therefore, the current research proposes an easier method that offers instant and real-time feedback to the users from the data collected from the motion sensors of a smartphone. The study utilized the mHealth application to identify participants presenting the walking movements of the high BMI group. Using the feedforward deep learning models and convolutional neural network models, the study was able to distinguish the walking movements between nonobese and obese groups, at a rate of 90.5%. The research highlights the potential use of smartphones and suggests the mHealth application as a way to monitor individual health.

Risks for obesity development, features of food behavior and bio-impedansemetric parameters in adolescents

Background. The problem of obesity in adolescents has gained its medical and social relevance since the incidence of the disease is steadily increasing. The purpose of the study is to improve the effectiveness of early diagnosis and prevention of obesity in adolescents. Materials and methods. To study the risk factors for obesity, a comparative assessment of lifestyle among adolescents aged 15–17 years with obesity, overweight and physiological body weight was conducted. In adolescents of the same age with comorbid obesity (basic group), overweight and physiological body weight (two comparison groups), the types of food behavior were determined using the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ). Bioelectrical indicators of bio-impedancemetric analysis were studied on a Tanita apparatus (Japan). The probability of differences in mean values was determined using Student’s t-test. Results. It was found that the frequency of imbalance of the food pyramid, movement disorders, sleep and rest, nervous tension, burdened heredity increased significantly among obese adolescents. Obesity was found to dominate by external type of eating behavior (57.2 %); at the excess weight — restrictive type (60 %); at physiological body weight — emotional type (40 %). Bio-impedancemetry showed that the reliable bioelectrical parameters of obesity were total fat (35.5 ± 4.5 % and 29 ± 2 % vs. 17.5 ± 2.5 %); visceral fat (17 ± 2 % and 12 ± 3 % vs. 8.5 ± 1.5 %); and metabolic age (33 ± 8 and 21.5 ± 1.5 years versus 16 ± 1 years). Conclusions. Risk factors for obesity include the imbalance of the food pyramid, movement disorders, sleep and rest, nervous tension, bad habits, burdened heredity. The predominance of external type of eating behavior in obesity, restrictive — in overweight and emotional type in adolescents with physiological body weight should be taken into account when prescribing personalized lifestyle adjustments. The most informative bioelectrical parameters of bio-impedancemetry were total fat, visceral fat, and metabolic age. Bio-impedancemetry as a non-invasive predictive method of diagnosing obesity can be recommended for widespread implementation in pediatric practice.

Association between Sleep Duration, Use of Electronic Devices and Obesity in Medical Students

Background: With the advancement in technology and use of multiple electronic devices and decreasing duration of sleep, adolescents are more prone to obesity, i.e., increased BMI (body mass index). Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the association between sleep duration, use of electronic devices, and obesity in medical students. Methods: Medical students between the age groups 17-22 years were recruited. The study design was cross-sectional. The main study variables were the type and duration of use of various electronic devices during daytime and bedtime. The independent variable used in the study was the subjects' self-reported average number of hours of sleep obtained per night based on the questionnaire. To calculate the BMI, height and weight were obtained. Results: There is a significant association between short sleep duration and prolonged use of electronic devices. (p<0.01) Those who engaged in electronic devices for a longer period had significantly higher BMI (obesity) p < 0.001. Maximum use of mobile phones was found during bedtime. The males were using more mobile phones for video gaming than female medical students. Conclusions: Reducing bedtime use of electronic devices and improving sleep hygiene in adolescents could decrease the prevalence of obesity in adolescents.

Relationship between Energy Intake and Obesity Prevalence among Adolescent Girls in Aceh Barat

The prevalence of adolescent obesity has been shown to differ among regions, and it could be influenced by several factors including diet, environmental exposures, and lifestyle. Diet is one of crucial factors that contribute to obesity among adolescents, particularly energy intake. This study was conducted to measure the relationship between energy intake and obesity prevalence among adolescent girls in Aceh Barat Regency. This study is a descriptive analytical research with the design of cross-sectional study. The population in this study were adolescent girls in Aceh Barat Regency with the samples of 50 people. The data were obtained from a one day 24-hour recall and analyzed using Chi-Square test with a significance value (p= 0.05). The result showed that based on bivariate analysis there is a relationship between energy intake and body mass index. The analysis indicated that adolescent girls with excessive energy intake had a 6.67-fold higher risk of obesity than those with the adequate energy intake (OR: 6.67, 95% CI: 1.25-35.65).

Australian School Stakeholders' Perceived Strategies for Preventing Adolescent Obesity.

Adolescent obesity is a complex multifactorial disease with a combination of environmental, behavioral, psychosocial, biological, cultural and genetic determinants. It remains a global public health issue that presents a major challenge to chronic disease prevention and health into adulthood. Schools have a rich opportunity to improve youth health and tackle obesity, yet they face barriers in fulfilling this function. This study investigated school stakeholders’ beliefs and perceptions of the barriers and enablers currently experienced by schools, as well as their recommendations towards preventing adolescent obesity. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods study design was utilised with surveys administered for the quantitative phase and individual interviews for the qualitative phase. Descriptive statistics and inductive thematic analyses were utilised for the survey and interview data, respectively. Triangulation of findings from the quantitative and qualitative phases aided in the better understanding and integration of the overall results. In total, 60 school stakeholders (52 subject teachers, 3 senior teachers and 5 heads of department) from both independent and public high schools in Queensland, Australia responded to the survey, while 14 respondents participated in the interviews. The main perceived causes of obesity were poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. Highlighted barriers were busy timetables, shortage of trained staff and funding, lack of robustness in the introduction and implementation of school interventions and insufficient motivation of learners to participate in obesity prevention programs. Enabling factors included parental support, easy access to fitness equipment during recess, supportive government policies, provision of healthier school tuck shop menu options and elimination of sugary drinks from vending machines. A model for the prevention of adolescent obesity was developed based on participants’ perceptions. Tripartite collaboration between the school, government and parents was perceived as fundamental to preventing adolescent obesity. Strategies targeting nutrition, physical activity and overall health, including parental education on health, formal health talks in schools by health professionals and better-targeted advertisement encouraging healthy lifestyle choices, were identified as essential for improved adolescent health outcomes.

Trends in metabolic bariatric surgery in adolescents in France: a nationwide analysis on an 11- year period.

As the prevalence of obesity in adolescents has reached an alarming level of 16%, the rate of metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) in this population is also rising in several countries. This study aimed to compare the trends in types of MBS, short-term safety, and revisional rates, in younger adolescents aged < 18 years, compared with older adolescents (aged 18-19 yr) and adults aged >20 years. Clinical research center, general hospital in France. Using a national administrative database (Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information [PMSI]), data regarding all patients undergoing MBS between 2008 and 2018 in France were examined. Demographic parameters, body mass index (BMI), co-morbidities, types of surgery, early complications, and long-term revisional rates were analyzed, comparing younger adolescents (<18 yr), older adolescents (18-19 yr), and adults (≥20 yr). The number of bariatric procedures in adolescents initially increased from 59 in 2008 to 135 in 2014, and then progressively declined to 56 procedures in 2018. Adjustable gastric banding (AGB) decreased from 83.1% (n = 49) of procedures to 32.1% (n = 18) of procedures during the study period, while sleeve gastrectomy (SG) increased from 6.8% (n = 4) to 46.4% (n = 26). In the early postoperative period, younger adolescents undergoing MBS experienced fewer episodes of reoperation (1.0% versus 1.3% in older adolescents and 2.6% in adults, P < .001) and intensive care unit (ICU) stays (.2% versus .2% in older adolescents and .6% in adults, P < .001), and no deaths were observed in younger adolescents (.02% in older adolescents and .1% in adults, P = .18). At 10 years, the AGB removal rate was lower in younger adolescents (24.8%) compared with that in older adolescents (29.6%) and adults (50.3%, P < .001). Similarly, rates of revisional surgery after SG were different in the 3 groups: 2.9%, 4.6% and 12.2% in younger adolescents, older adolescents, and adults, respectively. Despite significantly lower early complication rates and long-term revisional rates in young adolescents (<18 yr), we observed a progressive decrease in the utilization of MBS in this population in France, compared with adults (≥20 yr) and older adolescents (18-19 yr).

Effects of Continuous Yoga on Body Composition in Obese Adolescents.

Overweight/obesity is a pressing international health concern, and conventional treatments demonstrate poor long-term efficacy. Several studies have shown that yoga can control risk factors for cardiovascular disease, obesity, and psychosocial stress. The present study aimed to assess the effect of continuous yoga (asanas, pranayama, and Surya Namaskar yoga) on body composition in overweight participants. Forty adolescents with obesity were enrolled in this study. The study was conceived as a prospective, single-center, single-blinded randomized controlled trial. The participants were divided into 2 groups: the intervention group (n = 20), which undertook a continuous yoga practice, and the control group (n = 20). Body composition, including body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), and muscle mass, was evaluated using tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance (BIA). Our results showed that the mean BMI and BFM of the yoga intervention group were significantly decreased at week 8 and week 12. The muscle mass of the yoga group continued to improve at a rate of 0.515 per week, which was statistically significant. In conclusion, a continuous yoga practice had a tendency to decrease BMI and BFM and increase muscle mass. These findings demonstrate intervention effectiveness similar to that observed in other clinical research and indicate that continuous yoga practice may be used as an alternative therapy for obesity prevention and health promotion in adolescents with obesity.