Obesity In Young People Research Articles

Патофізіологічні та біохімічно-молекулярні концепції коморбідного перебігу гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби та ожиріння в осіб молодого віку

The article analyzes the latest ideas about the pathogenetic mechanisms of the combined formation of gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity in young people. Special attention is paid to the role of adipose tissue hormones and nitric oxide in this process. Unresolved and controversial issues to date are noted, and prospects for further research in this direction are analyzed.

Features of the relationship of intestinal microbiota indicators with clinical and biochemical parameters in obese young people

The prevalence of obesity is rising dramatically worldwide. Recently, there is increasing evidence linking obesity with the functional state of the intestinal microbiota. The understanding of this relationship may provide new approaches to the treatment of obesity by manipulating the qualitative and quantitative parameters of intestinal bacterial-fungal associations. To study the features of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the colon microbiota and to evaluate associations with anamnestic, anthropometric and biochemical parameters in young obese patients. A single-center, cross-sectional, single-stage, controlled study was conducted with the participation of 118 young people, of whom 87 were obese, and 31 people with normal body weight formed the control group. All participants underwent a biochemical blood test (total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, very low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, uric acid, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein), as well as an assessment of the state of the colon microbiota using polymerase chain reaction in real time using a set of Colonoflor-16 (premium) reagents. The Microsoft Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 application software package was used for statistical calculations. The results were evaluated as statistically significant at a level of p<0.05. Analyzing the result of Colonoflor-16 premium, the discrepancy between the obtained data of the control group and the reference values of the analysis was revealed. There was a clear tendency to decrease the content of Lactobacillus spp and Bifidobacterium spp in the obesity group. In addition, in comparison with the control group (10.3%), in the obesity group Fusobacterium nucleatum significantly prevailed (37.6%) (p=0.005), with a significant decrease in the bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p=0.030), and an increase in the bacteria Prevotella spp (p=0.029). A lot of associations of representatives of the colon microbiota with the most important anamnestic, anthropometric and biochemical parameters were revealed in young obese patients. There is a redistribution of microbiota phylotypes characterized by a decrease in apathogenic microorganisms and the appearance and increase of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms, which generally indicates the formation of the pro-inflammatory potential of dominants and associates in young obese patients. The presence of statistically significant correlations strongly indicates of existence of close and diverse relationships between the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the microbiota and the metabolic parameters of patients.

Validity of Different Anthropometric Indices in the Assessment of Body Composition of Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in young people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been increasing despite current advancements in the management of T1D. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in children and adolescents with T1D and evaluate the validity of new anthropometric indices, which have been recommended for defining overweight and obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on subjects with T1D between the ages of 5 and 21 years. The patients' anthropometric measurements were obtained, and Body Mass Index (BMI), waist/height ratio (WHtR), Tri-Ponderal Mass Index (TMI), Body Adiposity Index (BAI), Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI), Abdominal Volume Index (AVI), and Conicity Index (CI) were calculated. The percentage of body fat (PBF) was measured with BIA. Results: Our study included 133 subjects (48.1% male, 77.4% pubertal) with a median age of 14.0 years (11.3 - 16.5) and a median duration of T1D of 4.5 years (1.5 - 7.3). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 21.8% according to BMI-SDS and 30.1% according to BIA. BMI-SDS, WC, WHtR, TMI, AVI, BRI, and BAI were effective methods in differentiating overweight/obesity. BMI-SDS demonstrated a sensitivity of 78.79%, a positive predictive value of 72.22%, a negative predictive value of 89.71%, and an AUC of 0.895 at a cut point of 0.63, highlighting its effectiveness in distinguishing overweight/obesity. Conclusions: In children and adolescents with T1D, the prevalence of obesity/overweight identified using BIA was significantly higher compared to BMI-SDS. When reference methods are unavailable, BMI-SDS is the optimal anthropometric method for determining overweight/obesity in this population, independent of sex and puberty. These findings suggest that BMI-SDS can be a reliable alternative for body composition assessment, ensuring accurate identification and management of overweight/obesity in this population.

Prevalence of obesity and associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in Ecuadorian children and adolescents.

Given the increasing prevalence of obesity in young people in Ecuador, there is a need to understand the factors associated with this condition. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of obesity in Ecuadorian children and adolescents aged 5-17 years and identify its associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT-2018). The final sample consisted of 11,980 participants who providedfullinformation on the variables of interest. The prevalence of obesity was 12.7%. A lower odd of having obesity was observed for adolescents; for those with a breadwinner with an educational level in middle/high school or higher; for each additional day with 60 or more minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; and for those with greater dailyvegetable consumption (one, two, or three or more servings). Conversely, there were greater odds of obesity in participants from families with medium, poor, and very poor wealth and those from the coast and insular region. The high prevalence of obesity in Ecuadorian children and adolescents is a public health concern. Sociodemographic and lifestyle behavior differences in young people with obesity should be considered when developing specific interventions. As the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents increases in Latin America, with a particular focus on Ecuador, it becomes crucial to delve into the factors linked to this condition and identify the most successful strategies for its mitigation. The elevated prevalence of obesity among young individuals in Ecuador raises significant public health concerns. To develop targeted interventions, it is crucial to account for sociodemographic variables and lifestyle behaviors that contribute to obesity in this population.

Assessment of some behavioral risk factors for the development of overweight and obesity in young people

Assessment of some behavioral risk factors for the development of overweight and obesity in young people

Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in US Adults: NHANES 2011–2014

Introduction: It is controversial whether obesity and periodontitis are related. A representative US population was examined for the relationship between obesity and periodontitis. Methods: In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014, participants (n = 6,662) aged 30 years or older and who underwent periodontal examinations were chosen for analysis. An assessment of obesity was based on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Estimates of obesity and periodontal disease were made using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: According to an adjusted odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis, BMI (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01∼1.02) and WC (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1∼1.01) were significantly associated with periodontitis, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, the OR for patients with high WC with periodontitis was 1.18 (1.04∼1.33) compared to normal WC. BMI and WC subgroups showed no significant interaction (p for interaction >0.05), except for the age interaction in BMI. Among young adults aged 30–44 years, obesity was significantly associated with periodontitis in subgroups; the adjusted OR for having periodontal disease was 1.02 (1∼1.03) and 1.01 (1∼1.02) for subjects with BMI and WC, respectively. When all covariates were adjusted, BMI ≥30 kg/m² was statistically significantly associated with prevalence of periodontal disease among people aged 30–44 years (p < 0.001). Conclusions: BMI and WC are significantly associated with periodontitis, even after adjusting for many variables, and were equally significant in obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) young people (30–44 years).

The Right Advice, from the Right Person, in the Right Way: Non-Engaged Consumer Families’ Preferences for Lifestyle Intervention Design Relating to Severe Obesity in Childhood

Family-based lifestyle interventions for children/adolescents with severe levels of obesity are numerous, but evidence indicates programs fail to elicit short- or longer-term weight loss outcomes. Families with lived experience can provide valuable insight as we strive to improve outcomes from programs. Our aim was to explore elements that families desired in a program designed to treat severe levels of obesity in young people. We recruited a cross-sectional sample of 13 families (parents and young people) who had been referred but had not engaged with the state-wide Perth Children’s Hospital, Healthy Weight Service (Perth, Australia), between 2016 and 2018. Utilizing semi-structured interviews and reflexive qualitative thematic analysis, we identified two broad themes, (1) bridging the gap between what to do and how to do it, and (2) peers doing it with you. The first theme reflected parents’ and young people’s feelings that programs ought to teach specialist-designed practical strategies utilizing non-generic information tailored to address the needs of the family, in a collaboratively supportive way, and encourage young people to learn for themselves. The second theme reflected the importance of social connection facilitated by peer support, and intervention programs should be offered in a group format to foster inclusion. Families indicated a willingness to engage in tertiary intervention programs but desired support from specialized health professionals/programs to be tailored to their needs, sensitive to their experiences and challenges and provide useful practical strategies that support the knowledge-to-action process.

Barriers in the Management of Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents through the COVID-19 Lockdown-Lessons Learned and Perspectives for the Future.

Our study comprised two phases. The initial descriptive cross-sectional phase included surveys of children who are overweight or obese and their parents/guardians from the Pediatric Obesity Clinic at the Child Welfare Unit (UBI, acronym in Spanish) in the Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga" (n = 129). The participants were studied to explore changes in lifestyle, physical activity, sleep patterns, eating behaviors, food consumption, anxiety, and depression. In the second phase, the biochemical, body composition, and anthropometric parameters of 29 pre-COVID-19 patients were compared before and after the lockdown. The survey showed more moderate anxiety and depression, alterations in sleep, physical inactivity, and an increase in the consumption of animal products, fruits, cereals, tubers, sugary drinks, and ultra-processed food. In the study's comparative phase, we observed a substantial increase in BMI z-score (p = 0.01), waist circumference (p < 0.001), fat mass (p < 0.001), percentage of adiposity (p = 0.002), and basal glucose (p = 0.047) and a drop in lean mass (p = 0.008). The pandemic led to a loss of routines and socioeconomic changes that made it difficult to address weight and obesity in young people. The results show that managing obesity in our patients involves considering both lifestyle and the social environment. This encourages us to consider a comprehensive and personalized approach.

MHealth Apps Targeting Obesity and Overweight in Young People: App Review and Analysis.

Overweight and obesity have been linked to several serious health problems and medical conditions. With more than a quarter of the young population having weight problems, the impacts of overweight and obesity on this age group are particularly critical. Mobile health (mHealth) apps that support and encourage positive health behaviors have the potential to achieve better health outcomes. These apps represent a unique opportunity for young people (age range 10-24 years), for whom mobile phones are an indispensable part of their everyday living. However, despite the potential of mHealth apps for improved engagement in health interventions, user adherence to these health interventions in the long term is low. The aims of this research were to (1) review and analyze mHealth apps targeting obesity and overweight and (2) propose guidelines for the inclusion of user interface design patterns (UIDPs) in the development of mHealth apps for obese young people that maximizes the impact and retention of behavior change techniques (BCTs). A search for apps was conducted in Google Play Store using the following search string: ["best weight loss app for obese teens 2020"] OR ["obesity applications for teens"] OR ["popular weight loss applications"]. The most popular apps available in both Google Play and Apple App Store that fulfilled the requirements within the inclusion criteria were selected for further analysis. The designs of 17 mHealth apps were analyzed for the inclusion of BCTs supported by various UIDPs. Based on the results of the analysis, BCT-UI design guidelines were developed. The usability of the guidelines was presented using a prototype app. The results of our analysis showed that only half of the BCTs are implemented in the reviewed apps, with a subset of those BCTs being supported by UIDPs. Based on these findings, we propose design guidelines that associate the BCTs with UIDPs. The focus of our guidelines is the implementation of BCTs using design patterns that are impactful for the young people demographics. The UIDPs are classified into 6 categories, with each BCT having one or more design patterns appropriate for its implementation. The applicability of the proposed guidelines is presented by mock-ups of the mHealth app "Morphe," intended for young people (age range 10-24 years). The presented use cases showcase the 5 main functionalities of Morphe: learn, challenge, statistics, social interaction, and settings. The app analysis results showed that the implementation of BCTs using UIDPs is underutilized. The purposed guidelines will help developers in designing mHealth apps for young people that are easy to use and support behavior change. Future steps involve the development and deployment of the Morphe app and the validation of its usability and effectiveness.

Intervenciones educativas sobre nutrición y actividad física en población infantojuvenil: una revisión sistemática

The numbers of overweight and obese children and young people are on the rise despite efforts to curb this condition. One of the measures to try to alleviate this condition is the implementation of educational intervention programs. This review aims to analyze the effectiveness of educational interventions aimed at the treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. A literature search was carried out in three databases: PubMed, Cochrane and CINALH. The selected studies were 20 and their interventions focused on the modification of eating habits, physical activity and behaviour modification in different areas. The heterogeneous characteristics of the interventions make it difficult to find the most effective one. However, the classical approach based on nutrition and physical activity may be useful but is insufficient to address this condition which is influenced by multiple contexts and factors.

Weight Loss Experience of Highly Obese Young Adult Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery

This study aimed to explore the weight loss experience of highly obese young people who underwent bariatric surgery. Data were collected, from October 2021 to April 2022, through individual in-depth interviews with eight highly obese young adults who underwent bariatric surgery and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. The following four theme clusters were extracted. First, 'The unbearable sorrow of obese people' explains the process of choosing bariatric surgery after fluctuations and frustration despite countless repeated weight loss attempts. Second, 'The impact aftermath of bariatric surgery' revealed participants struggling in the face of unexpected changes due to bariatric surgery. Third, 'Efforts to rebuild a healthy myself' demonstrated the struggle to regain health by using the surrounding support system to overcome the difficulties of this surgical procedure. Lastly, 'Facing life by getting rid of the yoke of obesity' displayed the experiences of the participants who felt ambivalent about their changed appearance, but coping positively with the new life. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the weight loss experiences of highly obese adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery and presents a new perspective on clinical practice. The results of this study are expected to be useful in developing and applying systematic and customized nursing interventions before and after bariatric surgery.

Nutritional and Lifestyle Factors Determining the Problem of Overweight and Obesity Among Teenagers and Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic – A Comparative Survey Study Among Poles and Belarusians

Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, especially among youth. The main cause of obesity in young people is a combination of excessive caloric intake and reduced physical activity. In addition to individual dietary and physical activity behaviors, genetic predisposition, socioeconomic and environmental factors, and comorbidities may contribute to obesity. Aim: The study aims to examine and compare the factors determining food preferences and habits as well as the occurrence of overweight and obesity among teenagers and youth in Poland and Belarus. Material and methods: An anonymous questionnaire consisting of 58 questions based on the Eating Behavior Questionnaire (QEB) was used. Responses were received from 700 young people from Poland and 690 from Belarus, some of whom were rejected. The data was collected in May and June 2021 and analyzed in the Statistica program (statistically significant results at p&lt;0.05). The research was financed by a grant from the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange. Results: The study group was divided into four groups in terms of age and nationality: Poles &lt;20 years old (428 people), Belarusians &lt;20 years old (222 people), Poles 20-29 years old (210 people), and Belarusians 20-29 years old (295 people ). The correct BMI had 66.7%, 74.3%, 70.7%, and 71.2% of the respondents, respectively (p=0.057; p=0.888). In both age groups, in the Mann-Whitney U test, there are significant differences in the number of meals per day (p&lt;0.001) - Poles eat 4 or 5 meals a day more often, and Belarusians 3. In the chi-square test, both age groups showed a significant statistical difference (p&lt;0.001) in the question about eating breakfast every day - Poles eat breakfast more often than Belarusians. The Mann-Whitney U test showed no differences in sleep duration between the respondents from both countries (p=0.453; p=0.905). Conclusions: The results of the research indicate a strong need to implement educational programs to raise the awareness among young people about healthy eating. Obesity, skipping breakfast, too few meals during the day, and their incorrect composition indicate the direction of pro-health policy, which will be conducive to making the right food choices for youth.

Blood Adipokines/Cytokines in Young People with Chronic Bronchitis and Abdominal Obesity.

The pathogenesis of the development of chronic lung diseases assumes the participation of systemic inflammation factors, as well as hormone-like substances produced by adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of certain adipokines/cytokines and chronic bronchitis against the background of abdominal obesity in young people. The study included 1415 people aged 25−44. In total, 115 people were selected by the random numbers method, who were divided into two subgroups: those with chronic bronchitis and abdominal obesity and those with chronic bronchitis without abdominal obesity. A control group of patients with comparable gender and age was also selected. In the group of patients with chronic bronchitis, adiponectin, TNFa and GIP levels were 1.4 times higher. The levels of C-peptide, MCP-1 and PP in the group of chronic bronchitis were 1.3 times higher compared to the control. Adipsin, lipocalin-2, IL-6 and resistin were significantly higher in the group with chronic bronchitis. Glucagon, amylin and ghrelin were 2.2, 2.3 and 3.2 times lower, respectively, in the group of patients with chronic bronchitis. Against the background of abdominal obesity, the probability of having chronic bronchitis increased with an increase in the level of lipocalin-2 and GIP and TNFa.

Benefits of Physical Activity on Cardiometabolic Diseases in Obese Children and Adolescents.

In the past few decades, obesity in the pediatric population has dramatically increased and is common in many countries. Childhood obesity often causes health problems and increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, nonalcohol fatty liver, and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity in young people has been closely associated with environmental, behavioral, and genetic defects, including the availability of high-energy and sugary food and beverages, sedentary behavior, and hereditary factors. Few drugs are currently available to treat obesity in children and adolescents because it is difficult to demonstrate the safety of these drugs on the growth and development of the youth. Lifestyle modifications, such as diet control and physical exercise, are the primary approaches for preventing and treating childhood obesity. Among them, physical activity is a crucial component. This review summarizes the epidemiology, cardiometabolic risk of obesity, therapeutic strategies, and the benefits of exercise on obesity-related chronic diseases in children and adolescents.

Which exercise interventions are more helpful in treating primary obesity in young adults? A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Network meta-analysis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of different exercise interventions in the treatment of obesity in young people and recommend the most suitable exercise method. We searched five electronic databases for articles on obesity treatment in the youth population from inception to April 2022. The two researchers independently retrieved and screened the articles, carried out a quality assessment and data extraction, and carried out a network meta-analysis in the Bayesian framework in Stata software. A total of 32 original studies were included in the study, all randomized controlled trials (RCTs). High-intensity aerobic exercise may be the best way to reduce the weight of obese people; high-intensity aerobic training combined with resistance training may be the best way to reduce BMI and FAT%; moderate-intensity aerobic training combined with resistance training may be the best way to reduce the waistline; high-intensity aerobic exercise may be the best way to boost VO2max. Exercise interventions such as high-intensity aerobic training combined with resistance training can be considered and promoted as a non-drug treatment for primary obesity in young adults.

Comparison of pulmonary function test and body mass index in medical and paramedical students

Context: Obesity has become a serious public health issue in emerging nations, notably in India. Obesity alters the mechanics of the respiratory system, as well as exercise tolerance, gas exchanges, respiratory pattern modulation, and respiratory muscle strength and endurance, among other things. Aims: The aim was to compare the pulmonary function test parameters in normal weight, overweight, and obese young people among the medical students. Settings and Design: Obesity and overweight have become a global problem. They are the key health issues in both industrialized and developing nations today. As a result of obesity, which was defined as an excess of fat tissue in the body, a several systemic illnesses and a higher mortality rate might occur. Many bodily systems may be affected by obesity, resulting in higher rates of illness and death in the community. Subjects and Methods: The present study was carried out at Santosh Medical College in the Department of Physiology and was a cross-sectional study. Based on the body mass index (BMI), three student groups were taken as normal, overweight, and obese, which was followed by pulmonary tests conducted using spirometry, and the observations were noted and were compared among the three groups. Statistical Analysis Used: In this study, descriptive and inferential statistical analyses was performed. Continuous measurement data was shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD), whereas categorical measurement results was presented as a number (%). The significance is determined at a 5% level of significance. Assumptions: (1) Independent variables should have a normal distribution, (2) Samples selected from the population should be random, and sample cases should be independent. Conclusions: This type of study is completely novel to this geographic location as a comparison is made between two different strata (medical and paramedical students) of both genders, and it aimed to determine whether there is a difference in pulmonary function between obese, overweight, and normal weight people, especially in this section of the country. As a result, the current study in both the groups found that: (1) Forced vital capacity in overweight people was much lower than in people of normal weight and much lower in obese compared to overweight, (2) Forced expiratory volume in the 1 s in overweight people was much lower than in people of normal weight and much lower in obese compared to overweight, (3) Forced expiratory flow 25–75 in overweight people was much lower than in people of normal weight and much lower in obese compared to overweight, (4) Peak expiratory flow rate in overweight people was much lower than in people of normal weight and much lower in obese compared to overweight. As a result, all of the indices of the lung function evaluated in this study indicated a statistically significant inverse relationship with a rise in BMI. This suggests that a rise in the body mass index changes lung functioning, potentially leading to long-term consequences and being linked to early mortality and morbidity.

OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN YOUNG PEOPLE: review

Obesity in young people is one of the main problems of modern health care due to its high prevalence, complex adverse health effects, risk of complications and low effectiveness of existing treatments. The urgency of this problem is also increasing in low- and middle-income countries, including Ukraine. The article presents data on the medical and social significance of obesity at a young age, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children of all ages in the world and in our country, key risk factors for overweight, as well as key WHO strategies and programs for the prevention of food-related diseases. In Ukraine, there is an insufficient level of registration of cases of obesity, which is due to the imperfection of the existing system of prevention of this pathology. Thus, important measures on this issue in our country, according to modern strategy, are the study of the environment where the child is, the lifestyle of families, the health of overweight children, followed by the organization of prevention and treatment.

The Association between Greenness and Urbanization Level with Weight Status among Adolescents: New Evidence from the HBSC 2018 Italian Survey.

Recent studies have examined how the environment can influence obesity in young people. The research findings are conflicting: in some studies, green spaces have shown a protective association with obesity and urbanization has turned out to worsen this condition, while other studies contradicted these results. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between greenness, urbanization, and weight status among Italian adolescents. Student data (11–13 years old) on weight and height, physical activity (PA), and demographic characteristics were extracted from the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey in Piedmont, Northwest of Italy. Data on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and urbanization were obtained from satellite images and the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). A multilevel regression model was used to assess the association between NDVI, urbanization, and obesity, controlling for PA. Students living in greener areas reported a lower likelihood of being obese [OR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.02–0.56, p = 0.007], while students living in areas with a higher level of urbanization showed a significantly increased risk of obesity [OR = 2.3, 95% CI:1.14–4.6, p = 0.02]. Living surrounded by higher amounts of greenness and lower levels of urbanization may positively influence health status through lower risk of obesity among youth.

Вплив гострого інтервального голодування на артеріальний тиск, маркери запалення і метаболічні показники

Obesity is increasingly common in post-industrial societies and poses a threat to public health. The main reason for the accumulation of excess adipose tissue is a violation of human energy balance. Modification of eating behavior is the basis for prevention and treatment of obesity and overweight. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of acute fasting, over 16 hours in overweight and obese young and middle-aged people, on the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin 1-beta, blood lipids, fasting glucose, daily blood pressure and tolerability. Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted involving 21 overweight and obese patients with a median age of 51 (28 ÷ 61) years. All hypertensive patients received stable antihypertensive therapy for three months and had office blood pressure targets at enrollment. A daily blood pressure study was performed in all patients using Heaco ABPM50. The test of rational nutrition with the calculation of daily calories was conducted using the program TRP-D02 Ukraine. All patients were tested for fasting glucose, blood lipids, creatinine, and C-reactive protein. All studies were conducted at the beginning and after intermittent fasting. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS IBM 19.0. Results and discussion. The level of inflammation markers was assessed in all study participants, the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein decreased from 10.591±8.679 mg/l to 4.861±3.239 mg/l (p &gt;0.05), and the initial level of interleukin-1 beta was 2.704±0.671 pg/ml, which did not change significantly after intermittent fasting – 2.607±0.698 pg/ml (p &lt;0.05). Study participants were divided into two groups, the older age group with body mass index of 32.6±5.0 kg/m2 and the young age group with body mass index of 23.9±2.8 kg/m2 (p &lt;0.01). It was found that after intermittent fasting, the level of triglycerides decreased from 1.8±0.8 to 1.5±0.3 (p = 0.05) mmol/l in the older age group. It was found that during fasting daytime systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased, and night systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased (p &gt;0.05) in two groups. A balanced diet is a basis for preventing and treating obesity and overweight. A low-calorie diet is often recommended, but not all patients can follow this regimen. A new and alternative method is intermittent fasting with greater adherence in patients. However, there is insufficient data in the world literature on the effects of intermittent fasting, especially acute fasting, on inflammation, blood pressure and tolerability of the fasting period in different age groups. Conclusion. Acute intermittent fasting leads to changes in blood pressure, does not cause hypotension and is well tolerated by overweight and obese patients in the older age group

Comparison of anthropometric indicators as predictors of the percentage of fat mass in young people and older adults in Chile

ObjectiveTo verify whether triponderal mass index (TMI) has a greater accuracy than body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as predictors of obesity in young people and older adults in a region of Chile. Material and methodsA cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 1176 adults (565 men and 611 women) from the Maule region (Chile). Their ages ranged from 20 to 80 years. The percentage of fat mass (%FM) was evaluated by means of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated. TMI, BMI and WHtR were calculated. ResultsThe %FM predictions for BMI were 0.47% for men and 0.50% for women; for TMI, it was 0.50% for men and 0.51% for women; for WC, it was 0.28% for men and 0.21% for women; and finally, for WHtR, it was 0.28% in men and 0.21% in women. The area under the curve (AUC) for BMI was 0.85 in men and 0.85 in women; for TMI, it was 0.87 in men and 0.86 in women; for WHtR, it was 0.76 in men and 0.72 in women; and for WC, the AUC was 0.72 in men and 0.71 in women. ConclusionIt was shown that TMI is the indicator that presented the greatest association with %FM and estimates body fat levels with greater precision than BMI, WC and WHtR. The results suggest its use and application as an indicator that discriminates obesity in young, middle-aged and elderly adults.