Obedient Servant Research Articles

POLA KOMUNIKASI KELUARGA DALAM MEMBENTUK KEPRIBADIAN ISLAMI ANAK DI KAMPUNG SINAR HARAPAN RAJABASA JAYA KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

In Islam, children are very important. Islam does not treat children by wasting them. In essence, children are a mandate from Allah SWT. While parents are educators for their children, they have a great responsibility for their children's growth and development. As for the education carried out by parents to their children, it is solely to create people who are faithful, pious and knowledgeable who are able to develop themselves into obedient servants of Allah. This obedient servant of Allah can be seen from his personality, Islamic personality is behavior that is in accordance with Islamic values, both in the form of worship, especially prayer and fasting, as well as good morals, especially discipline, responsibility, and respect. Thus, parents as educators are obliged to form Islamic personalities in children from an early age, especially when children are 7-12 years old. In general, children at this age really like to play and often meet with other important activities. In addition, this age is also known as the ripe period for learning. So that parents can use it to instill religious behavior in children.
 From this background, the author examines what are the patterns of family communication in shaping the personality of Islamic children in Sinar Harapan Village, Rajabasa Jaya Village, Bandar Lampung City? and what are the effects of family communication on the child's Islamic personality?. This study aims to explain the communication pattern of the child's family in shaping the Islamic personality and explain the effect of family communication on the child's Islamic personality. This research is a type of research that collects data from the field, which is descriptive qualitative. In taking the sample, the researcher used a purposive sampling technique, namely taking samples with certain criteria. Data collection tools used in this study were interviews, observation and documentation.
 As for the findings in this study, families in Sinar Harapan Village use a communication pattern in the form of dyadic interpersonal communication which in the communication process uses a two-way communication model, and gets direct responses that are positive or negative. dyadic interpersonal relationships are carried out by means of hiwar, stories, examples, habituation, tarhib, advice and punishment. The effects of family communication on children include cognitive, affective and behavioral effects.

The Picaresque and the Writing Life in Mexico

The Picaresque and the Writing Life in Mexico

Cutting Edges: Professional Hierarchy vs. Creative Identity in Nicolas de Launay’s Fine Art Prints

In 1783, Nicolas De Launay copied Les Baignets by Jean-Honoré Fragonard, stating it was made “by his very humble and very obedient servant”, an evidence of the hierarchical tensions between painters and printmakers during the eighteenth-century. However, De Launay’s loyalty is not absolute, since a critical artistic statement is found at the edge: an illusory oval frame heavily adorned with leaves and fruits of Squash, Hazelnuts, and Oak. This paper wishes to acknowledge this meticulously engraved frame, and many more added to copies throughout De Launay’s successful career, as highly relevant in examining his ‘obedience’ and ‘humbleness’. With regard to eighteenth-century writings on botany and authenticity, and to current studies on the print market, I offer a new perspective in which engravers are appreciated as active commercial artists establishing an individual signature style. In their conceptual and physical marginality these decorations allow creative freedom which challenges concepts of art appropriation and reproduction, highly relevant then and today.

Development and Contextualization of Multicultural Insight-Based Quran Hadith Materials in Madrasah Aliyah

<p> </p><p class="06IsiAbstrak">Indonesian Muslims are faced with the realities of life that are multi-ethnic, religious, cultural and linguistic. It must be responded critically as early as possible. The understanding of diversity (multiculturalism) should truly be the foundation of all components of the Muslim community without exception for the students. Therefore this paper intends to answer 1) material content of Quran Hadith with a multicultural perspective at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Pontianak, and 2) Development and contextualization of Qur'an Hadith material in daily life. This research was categorized as field research and literature study. Data collection methods used were observation, interviews and document analysis. Data analysis was through two models, namely content analysis and Miles and Huberman's model which involved analysis steps, namely: data collection, data reduction, data display, and verification. The authors’ findings on this study are that the content of the Quran Hadith with a multicultural perspective in Madrasah Aliyah is carried out by expanding the reading, the meaning of the implementation of tolerance, social ethics, justice, deliberation / democracy concepts which are constructed from the Islamic universal values and moderation (washathiyah) so they can foster a tolerant and empathy (alturism) attitutes to human beings as a manifestation of an obedient servant.</p>

توہم پرستی کے اسباب و علاج کا جائزہ (تعلیمات نبوی ﷺکی روشنی میں)

Superstition is a social and human problem. Existence of superstitions cannot be ruled out in any human society. We find that not only Muslims, but also other people are subject to superstitions, anxiety and unrest. There is a dire need to review and analyze the religious factors and effects of Superstition, thence tell how Islam guides to get rid of it. Religion, and religious law are the basis of a Muslim society. Religions in its true spirit is but a way to demonstrate servitude to God. This is all about obedience. Religion is a transcendental and eternal set of divine instructions. It appears not only in the form of piety and recompense, but also it influences the inner self of human beings, hence it affects our actions, consciously or unconsciously. The basic objective of the Islamic teachings is character building and purification of souls to make a pious man. Only this type of human can be free from the negative cults, superstitions and anxiety produced by the modern age, only this human can be a true obedient servant of God. Superstitions are metaphysical interpretations of some physical phenomena. In the realm of metaphysics, the religion is the only authority. So we can cure the problem of superstition through the correct knowledge of the religion.

A History of Australian Tort Law 1901–1945: England's Obedient Servant? By Mark Lunney. [Cambridge University Press, 2018. xxiv + 287 pp. Hardback: £85.00. ISBN: 978-11-08423-31-1.

A History of Australian Tort Law 1901–1945: England's Obedient Servant? By Mark Lunney. [Cambridge University Press, 2018. xxiv + 287 pp. Hardback: £85.00. ISBN: 978-11-08423-31-1.

Mark Lunney, A History of Australian Tort Law 1901–1945: England’s Obedient Servant?

Mark Lunney, A History of Australian Tort Law 1901–1945: England’s Obedient Servant?

Poe vs. Himself

Poe vs. Himself Anne Whitehouse (bio) On May 3, 1841, Edgar Allan Poe, a thirty-two-year-old editor at Graham's Magazine in Philadelphia, penned a request to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Smith Professor of Modern Languages at Harvard University. Two years Poe's senior, Longfellow was established in an academic career and already had achieved a considerable reputation as a poet, translator, and author of travelogues and romances. Ambitious and poor, Poe was hoping to make his literary reputation and support himself as an editor and tastemaker. He had been trying to raise funds for his own publication, to be called Penn's Magazine, when a young Philadelphia lawyer and cabinetmaker, George Rex Graham, made him a liberal offer to join the staff of his newly established magazine, with a circulation of five thousand. Poe seized his chance. To impress the professor of modern languages, Poe self-consciously sprinkled his entreaty with French phrases and flattered him with compliments: DEAR SIR—Mr. George R. Graham, proprietor of Graham's Magazine, a monthly journal published in this city and edited by myself, desires me to beg of you the honor of your contribution to its pages. Upon the principle that we seldom obtain what we very anxiously covet, I confess that I have but little hope of inducing you to write for us,—and to say the truth, I fear that Mr. Graham would have opened the negotiation much better in his own person, for I have no reason to think myself favorably known to you; but the attempt was to be made, and I make it. I should be overjoyed if we could get from you an article each month, either poetry or prose, length and subject à discretion. In respect to terms, we would gladly offer you carte blanche; and the periods of payment should also be made to suit yourself. In conclusion, I cannot refrain from availing myself of this, the only opportunity I may ever have, to assure the author of the "Hymn to the Night," of the "Beleaguered City," and of the "Skeleton in Armor," of the fervent admiration with which his genius has inspired me; and yet I would scarcely hazard a declaration whose import might be so easily misconstrued, and which bears with it, at best, more or less of niaiserie, were I not convinced that Professor Longfellow, writing and thinking as he does, will be at no less to feel and to appreciate the honest sincerity of what I say. With the highest respect, Your obedient servant, Edgar A. Poe As Poe anticipated, Longfellow turned down the request. In a noncommittal yet gracious response, he conveyed to Poe his own compliments: [End Page 98] May 19, 1841 Your favor of the 3d inst., with the two numbers of the Magazine, reached me only a day or two ago. I am much obliged to you for your kind expression of regard, and to Mr. Graham for his very generous offer, of which I should gladly avail myself under other circumstances. But I am so much occupied at present that I could not do it with any satisfaction either to you or to myself. I must therefore respectfully decline his proposition. You are mistaken in supposing that you are not "favorably known to me." On the contrary, all that I have read from your pen has inspired me with a high idea of your power, and I think you are destined to stand among the first romance-writers of the country, if such be your aim. The two writers never met, and this exchange marked the beginning and end of their correspondence. Nevertheless, their names have been linked in the annals of American cultural history because of Poe's literary attacks against Longfellow four years later in 1845, which Poe titled the "Little Longfellow War." Poe's "War" was an unprovoked aggression against one of the most beloved figures of the New England literary establishment, outraging Longfellow's friends and fans. Chief among the contemporary writers who responded in Longfellow's defense was someone who referred to himself as "Outis," Greek for "nobody." This curious contretemps in American literary history...

Anti-Slavery Movements in British North America and the Transnational life of “Obedient Servant” Samuel Ringgold Ward

This paper argues that the writings of abolitionist Samuel Ringgold Ward and other anti-slavery groups were indicative of a larger trend of African Americans becoming influenced by Moral Colonialism. This colonialism was based on the belief that British colonizers were civilizing and therefore saving non-white populations, through measures such as appointing “protectors” to prevent non-white people from being taken into slavery and other forms of exploitation. In these writings, there are many descriptions given to the British Empire, describing it as a “glorious nation” and other similar labels, which argued that the British Empire was the most progressive power. Samuel Ringgold Ward lived a mobile life in America, Canada, Switzerland, Britain, and Jamaica, so this paper will use a transnational approach, showing the connections British North America had to other colonies in the British Empire, while also demonstrating the many influences on the views of Ward and other African Americans.

TERAPI ISLAM SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENANGGULANGAN PERILAKU MENYIMPANG REMAJA

Juvenile deliquency is a pidure of antisodal personality or behavior disorder of adolescents. To help young people achieve optimal growth and avoid deviant behavior can be done through retuming to the nature of teens as the obedient servant of God worship. Due to retuming them to do the worship to God and always run His rules corredly and implement the prophet's traditions, it is expeded that teenagers will always behave well and will be spared from deviant behaviors.

English

This article explores the relationship between God and a posthuman representative of humanity in Octavia Butler’s “The Book of Martha” (2005). Using Daphne Hampson’s feminist post-Biblical ideas, the article argues that the story, as a sample of science fiction, exposes a posthumanist perspective where existence and subjectivity of human kind is defined based on a mutual, non-hierarchical relationship between human being and God. The article aims to explore the capacity of the story to embody a positive standpoint of science fiction towards the transformation of the human. This article suggests that “The Book of Martha,” reflecting this transformation together with an unothered perspective of the God-human relationship, illustrates the potential for a more humanitarian life on Earth. The relationship is investigated through an unorthodox theological perspective that confronts Christian norms, particularly the norms dealing with what is considered as true femininity. In this way, the story describes a fictional space in which the Christian concept of human as a fallen, condemned, and passive object before a ubiquitous Almighty is substituted with a non-Christian active concept of the human entity. This active representation is based on the recognition of a posthuman agency which is free from surrender to divine power. “The Book of Martha” is about the gradual awakening of a black woman who, in interaction with God as the source of goodness, becomes aware for the need to redefine an authentic sense of self beyond that of an obedient servant before a masculinized God. This article explores this awakening. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2016-1603-09

Let's Go to the Moon: Science Fiction in the North Korean Children's MagazineAdong Munhak, 1956–1965

Science fiction narratives appeared in the North Korean children's magazineAdong munhakbetween 1956 and 1965, and they bear witness to the significant Soviet influence in this formative period of the DPRK. Moving beyond questions of authenticity and imitation, however, this article locates the science fiction narrative within North Korean discourses on children's literature preoccupied with the role of fiction as both a reflection of the real and a projection of the imminent, utopian future. Through a close reading of science fiction narratives from this period, this article underscores the way in which science, technology, and the environment are implicated in North Korean political discourses of development, and points to the way in which these works resolve the inherent tension between the desirable and seemingly contradictory qualities of the ideal scientist—obedient servant of the collective and indefatigable questioner—to establish the child-scientist as the new protagonist of the DPRK.

Taking Back the Bible

Taking Back the Bible

F. Scott Fitzgerald, Virginia Woolf, and the Watch for Spots of Time

F. Scott Fitzgerald, Virginia Woolf, and the Watch for Spots of Time

An “Obedient Servant”

Throughout its history, the black press called for the liberation of communities of color worldwide and strived to establish an image of blackness that was counter to notions perpetuated in the mainstream media and society. In the early twentieth century, the Negro World, the official organ of Marcus Garvey's United Negro Improvement Association, played a crucial role in fostering black internationalism as a movement that had political, economic, and social implications for black communities worldwide. This article examines editorials published in Garvey's Negro World from 1924 through 1926 and argues that the newspaper called for the destruction of white capitalism and Western colonialism while simultaneously embracing Western ideals of advancement and applying those to communities of color around the world. Such messages provide insight into how a black newspaper embraced both a radical and pro-Western ideology (even while the newspaper's editorials condemned Western colonialism) in relation to the development of an early twentieth-century black internationalist movement. This study, therefore, contrasts with previous literature on the Negro World that positions Garvey's newspaper as an anticolonial media tool. Furthermore, it illustrates how black journalism in the early twentieth century promoted global solidarity among black people throughout the black Atlantic world.

Judging Clarissa’s Heart

This essay considers literary sentimentalism’s contribution to the modern discourses of autonomy by bringing into focus its under-read motif of judgment. The idea that one should judge for oneself, especially in moral matters, stands at the center of Samuel Richardson’s paradigmatic sentimental novel, Clarissa; or The History of a Young Lady . But Clarissa upholds more than one understanding of judgment, with varying implications for sentimentalism’s place within the larger liberal Enlightenment. On the one hand, Richardson’s heroine represents her judgments as instinctive responses, the work of her judging heart, which mysteriously reveals God’s laws. On the other hand, she understands judgment to entail scrutinizing the heart from a standpoint of relative impartiality. This latter account is sentimentalist because it takes impartiality to be a contingency of Clarissa’s epistolary friendship with Anna Howe, who helps Clarissa gain distance from her heart’s promptings by becoming a co-spectator of them. I suggest that the first, broadly religious, paradigm of judgment identifies Clarissa only ambiguously as an independent moral agent: while she is justified by the highest principles to defy worldly authority, she nonetheless remains God’s obedient servant. By contrast, the second, broadly secular paradigm--one that resonates with a Kantian tradition of aesthetics extending from Kant to Hannah Arendt--mobilizes an at once less transcendental and more compelling understanding of autonomy as moral independence nurtured by friendship and debate.

Is Being Left-Handed a Handicap? the Short and Useless Answer Is “Yes and No.”

Certainly in earlier days, sinistrality was a problem for children learning to write. An eminent sinister-handed Dallas plastic surgeon reported: “In parochial summer school the nuns were determined to change me and actually tied my left hand behind my back. The result of this action was tremendous tenacity and endurance! … We write left to right and smear our fresh ink across the page.” He added: “Numerous theories throughout history have claimed that being left-handed causes developmental and immune disorders. It has also been said that left-handers die younger, have more diseases and are even considered inept. None of these theories have been proven” (1). Remember that Ben Franklin had a miserable left-handed childhood and as an adult wrote “A petition to those who have the Superintendency of Education” in which he recorded, “If by chance I touched a pencil, a pen, or a needle I was bitterly rebuked; and more than once I have been beaten for being awkward and wanting a graceful manner.” He ended his epistle by signing it, “I am with profound respect, Sirs, your obedient servant. THE LEFT HAND” (2). It is generally thought that there is an increased incidence of injuries in left-handed people because we live in a right-handed world and have done so for many centuries. Some would have us believe we are right-handed because our early hominid ancestors are thought to have coupled early speech to muscle actions already lateralized to our brain's left hemisphere at an earlier point in hominid evolution; I tend to prefer the concept of Calvin (3), who suggested that “selective pressures on infant carrying females throwing missiles when hunting led to preferential right-handedness; they carried their infant on the left side of their body where the heartbeat is stronger and thereby keeping the infant more secure and quiet.” Today the environment of our world strongly favors the right-handed majority. Adusumilli et al (4) in their paper published in 2004 catalogued some of the hazards facing the sinister handed. “Although they are considered to be more intellectual, and artistic, studies have documented that they are more prone to unintentional injuries, head trauma, motor vehicle accidents, and increased sports injuries. Left-handed industrial workers are 5 times more prone to finger amputations than right-handed workers.” Coren (5) in 1989 enumerated many of the problems left-handers are faced with: “Everyday implements such as gearshifts, scissors, and can openers are biased toward right-handed use.” Even in their homes the sinistrals are forced to accommodate to everyday items such as spiralbound notebooks with the spiral on the “wrong” side, electric irons with the power cable protruding on the right, corkscrews, light bulbs, garden secateurs, and potato peelers. On entering a building, we right-handers instinctively turn to our right; intelligent shopkeepers know this and display attractive, and usually expensive, goods on the right. Even traffic patterns are designed to utilize this right-turning bias. Nine different professional groups were studied by Schachter and Ransil (6) in 1996 on handedness distributions in approximately equal numbers of accountants, architects, dentists, lawyers, librarians, mathematicians, orthodontists, orthopaedic surgeons, and psychiatrists. Three hundred people from each profession were asked, by mail, their age, sex, and whether they considered themselves right- or left-handed or ambidextrous. Of the 2007 questionnaires mailed, 1196 (44%) were returned. The data regarding their verbal skills, visuospatial skills, bimanual fine motor skills, and mathematical skills were submitted to various computations in which the available responses were always left, usually left, no preference, usually right, and always right. From the average laterality scores, it appears that orthopaedic surgeons, librarians, and mathematicians are mostly right-handed and that lawyers and architects are either the least right-handed or the most left-handed. The differences between mathematicians/librarians and orthodontists/dentists were neither statistically nor clinically significant. Any influence of sex was considered inconclusive because of the 9-to-1 disproportion of male to female responders. So how do left-handed surgeons and orthodontists get along at work? In general, just like their right-handed colleagues, but there seems to be a longer learning curve. In their paper “Left-handed surgeons: are they left out?” Adusumilli et al (4) surveyed 68 surgeons in the New York City area, of whom only 5 were female; 31% were ambidextrous and 69% were left-handed. Among the left-handed, they found considerable difficulty using long vascular needle holders, heavy hemostatic clamps, and right-handed scissors. Twenty-eight percent felt prone to needle sticks and other hazards. Operations such as cholecystectomy, right hemicolectomy, pelvic operations, and procedures around the gastroesophageal junction were difficult to learn when standing on the right side of the operating table.

Laveren tussen loyaal en formalistisch

Meindert Fennema en Johan Rhijnsburger, Dr. Max Hirschfeld. Man van het grote geld (Amsterdam 2007). Hovering between Loyalty and BureaucracyHans Max Hirschfeld has often been the subject of discussion: he was Secretary General of the Ministry of Trade and Industry during World War II and, as such, a collaborator. Or should we regard him as a faithful and obedient civil servant who simply performed the task entrusted to him by his successive (political) superiors? The question is all the more intriguing because Hirschfeld was of German descent, even though he only lived in the land of his birth for four months of his life. Hirschfeld has been the subject of two successive biographies. In the opening article of this dossier on Meindert Fennema’s biography of Hirschfeld, Hans Renders describes the value that the biographical genre holds for history writing. Although there is certainly some criticism to be levelled at Fennema’s biography, he has succeeded in providing a balanced account of this sphinx-like man. This is indeed an achievement, as Hirschfeld’s private archive was destroyed upon his death. Thanks to the use of other sources, the biographer makes a convincing case that Hirschfeld’s thoughts and deeds were strongly influenced by the headstrong Claude-Henri de Saint-Simon (1760-1825). This review is part of the discussion forum 'Dr. Max Hirschfeld. Man van het grote geld' (Meindert Fennema en Johan Rhijnsburger).

What is project strategy?

The concept of project strategy – referring to the strategy of a single project – has remained ambiguous in existing studies. In this research, we review literature from multiple viewpoints to develop a novel definition and interpretation about the project strategy concept. Our definition is used to derive different alternative project strategies from literature, characterized by two important dimensions in a project’s environment: project’s independence and number of strong project stakeholder organizations. We introduce four types of strategies for a project along these two dimensions: obedient servant, independent innovator, flexible mediator, and strong leader. Existing research using the project strategy concept mostly assumes that there is one strong parent organization for a project; indeed, the parent is assumed to dictate an image of its strategy to the project, and the project is assumed to take an obedient servant’s role, to serve as a tactical vehicle that becomes a mere part of its parent organization and the parent’s strategic scheme. Our project strategy definition and the four project strategy types allow a more open interpretation about the content of alternative environment-dependent project strategies as well as the processes of strategy formulation and implementation. The wider concept of project strategy introduced in this paper recognizes more widely the various positions that a single project may take in its environment. This way, our paper contributes even to development of new and context-specific project management bodies of knowledge in the future. The paper suggests empirical research and further conceptual research on detailed contents of different project strategies.

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article: Australian Dictionary of Biography: Supplement 1580–1980. Edited by Christopher Cuneen, Jill Roe, Beverley Kingston and Stephen Garton The Europeans in Australia: A History Volume Two: Democracy. By Alan Atkinson Engines of Influence: Newspapers of Country Victoria, 1840–1890. By Elizabeth Morrison Genocide and Settler Society: Frontier Violence and Stolen Indigenous Children in Australian History. Edited by A. Dirk Moses Mixed Relations: Asian‐Aboriginal Contact in North Australia. By Regina Ganter, with contributions by Julia Martinez and Gary Lee Struggle Country: The Rural Ideal in Twentieth Century Australia. Edited by Graeme Davison and Marc Brodie My Dearest Brown Eyes: Letters Between Sir Donald Cleland and Dame Rachel Cleland during World War II. Introduced and edited by Nancy Lutton Dear Dr Janzow: Australia's Lutheran Churches and Refugees from Hitler's Germany. Edited by Peter Monteath An Historian's Life: Max Crawford and the Politics of Academic Freedom. By Fay Anderson B.A. Santamaria. Your Most Obedient Servant. Selected Letters: 1938–1996. Edited by Patrick Morgan Australia's Own Cold War: The Waterfront Under Menzies, By Tom Sheridan Asian Alternatives: Australia's Vietnam Decision and Lessons on Going to War. By Garry Woodard The Life and Death of Harold Holt. By Tom Frame The Long, Slow Death of White Australia. By Gwenda Tavan The Longest Decade. By George Megalogenis Slicing the Silence: Voyaging to Antarctica. By Tom Griffiths Amassing Treasures for All Times: Sir George Grey, Colonial Bookman and Collector. By Donald Jackson Kerr 142 Strand: A Radical Address in Victorian London. By Rosemary Ashton War Experiences in Rural Germany, 1914–1923. By Benjamin Ziemann, translated by Alex Skinner Confront! Resistance in Nazi Germany. Edited by John J. Michalczyk Writing the Holocaust: Identity, Testimony, Representation. By Zoë Vania Waxman Armageddon des Kommunismus — Strategie, Wirtschaft und die DDR 1970–1990: By Bernd F. Schulte Mussolini's Italy: Life under the Dictatorship, 1915–1945. By R.J.B. Bosworth From Roosevelt to Truman: Potsdam, Hiroshima, and the Cold War. By Wilson D. Miscamble C.S.C. Missed Opportunities: US Diplomatic Failures and the Arab‐Israel Conflict 1947–1967. By Candace Karp Regionalism and Globalization in East Asia: Politics, Security and Economic Development. By Mark Beeson Political Economy from Below: Economic Thought in Communitarian Anarchism, 1840–1914. By Rob Knowles Plague Ports: The Global Urban Impact of Bubonic Plague, 1894–1901. By Myron Echenberg Darwin's Coat‐Tails: Essays on Social Darwinism. By Paul Crook The God Delusion. By Richard Dawkins The Dawkins Delusion? Atheist Fundamentalism and the Denial of the Divine. By Alister and Joanna McGrath The Philosophy of War and Peace. By Jenny Teichman The Law of Armed Conflict: Constraints on the Contemporary Use of Military Force. Edited by Howard M. Hensel Connected Worlds: History in Transnational Perspective. Co‐edited by Ann Curthoys and Marilyn Lake Ways of Knowing: Competing Methodologies in Social and Political Research. By Jonathon W. Moses and Torbjørn L. Knutsen