Nutritional Status Of Adolescents Research Articles

Added sugar intake by adolescents: A population-based study.

The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of added sugar intake within the maximum limit of 5% of the total energy of the diet and test associations with demographic/socioeconomic characteristics, health-related behaviors and nutritional status in adolescents. A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with two-stage cluster sampling. The amount of free sugar in the diet was estimated using a 24-hour dietary recall. Among the 924 adolescents evaluated, only 20.1% (95% CI: 16.8-23.9) met the recommendation of not exceeding 5% of total calories with added sugar. Higher prevalence rates of adherence to the recommendation were found among males (22.0%), adolescents aged 15 to 19 years (24.3%), those born outside the state of São Paulo (30.4%), those with less screen time (27.5%), those with a lower number of household appliances (0-7: 29.5%; 8-15: 20.3%) and those with higher diet quality scores (2nd tertile: 17.7%; 3rd tertile: 37.2%). The findings demonstrate factors associated with added sugar intake from an epidemiological perspective, revealing the simultaneity of inappropriate behaviors, that is, the adolescents who consume more sugar also have longer screen time and worse overall diet quality.

The impact of consumption of ultra-processed foods on the nutritional status of adolescents

The impact of consumption of ultra-processed foods on the nutritional status of adolescents

Qualidade de vida e estado nutricional de adolescentes em uma escola particular em Fortaleza, Ceará

Objetivo: Descrever a qualidade de vida e o estado nutricional de adolescentes de uma escola particular em Fortaleza, Ceará. Método: Estudo transversal, de base escolar, desenvolvido com estudantes de uma escola particular, com idade entre 13 e 19 anos. Foram aplicados questionários referentes à frequência alimentar, qualidade de vida, dados socioeconômico e avaliação nutricional. Resultados: Verificou-se que a maioria (11; 52,4%) das meninas tinham idade entre 13 e 14 anos; já a maioria dos meninos (13; 44,8%) tinha entre 15 e 16 anos. Verificou-se um maior percentual de excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade) nas meninas (8; 38,1%) em relação aos meninos (7; 24,2%). A partir da classificação do questionário de frequência alimentar, a maioria (33; 66,6%) dos adolescentes foram classificados com alimentação péssima. Quanto a classificação da qualidade de vida, os meninos apresentaram uma maior qualidade de vida (26; 89,6%) em relação às meninas (10; 47,6%). Conclusões: A análise do estado nutricional revelou maior prevalência de sobrepeso no sexo feminino. O sexo masculino apresentou melhor qualidade de vida entre as variáveis analisadas quando comparada ao sexo feminino.

Health self‐perception and its association with physical activity and nutritional status in adolescents

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between total physical activities, physical activity in free time and nutritional status with self‐perceived health in adolescents of both genders. MethodsThis is a quantitative study that integrates the school‐based, cross‐sectional epidemiological survey with statewide coverage, whose sample consisted of 6261 adolescents (14–19 years old) selected by random conglomerate sampling. Data were collected using the Global School‐based Student Health Survey. The chi‐squared test (χ2) and the Poisson regression model with robust variance were used in the data analyses. ResultsIt was observed that 27.3% of the adolescents had a negative health self‐perception, which was higher among girls (33.0% vs. 19.0%, p<0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, it was observed that boys who did not practice physical activity during free time (PR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.15–1.81) and were classified as insufficiently active (PR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.04–1.56), as well as girls who did not practice physical activity during free time (PR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.02–1.29) and were classified as overweight (PR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.01–1.29) had a greater chance of negative health self‐perception. ConclusionBehavioral issues may have different effects on health self‐perception when comparing boys with girls. Negative health self‐perception was associated with nutritional status in girls and a lower level of physical activity in boys, and the practice of physical activity in the free time was considered a protective factor against a negative health self‐perception for adolescents of both genders.

Perspective: Challenges in Use of Adolescent Anthropometry for Understanding the Burden of Malnutrition

ABSTRACTImproving nutritional status during adolescence is an opportunity to improve the lives of this generation and the next. Estimating the burden of malnutrition at a population level is fundamental to targeting interventions and measuring progress over time, and for adolescents, we usually depend on survey data and the 2007 WHO Growth Reference to do so. There is substantial risk of misguided conclusions regarding adolescent prevalence estimates, however, when underlying methodological limitations of the indicators and reference are not adequately considered. We use national prevalence estimates among girls and young women 10–22 y of age from the 2014 State of Food Security and Nutrition in Bangladesh report as an example to demonstrate that determining the true prevalence of undernutrition, overweight, and obesity is complicated by racial/ethnic variation across populations in timing of the adolescent growth spurt, growth potential, and body build. Further challenging the task are inherent limitations of the body mass index as an indicator of thinness and adiposity, and cutoffs that poorly distinguish a well-nourished population from a malnourished one. We provide recommendations for adolescent nutrition policy and program decision-making, emphasizing the importance of 1) critically interpreting indicators and distributions by age when using the 2007 WHO Growth Reference; 2) examining what is happening before and after adolescence, when interpretation of anthropometry is more straightforward, as well as trends over time; and 3) complementing anthropometry with other information, particularly dietary intake. Finally, we advocate that nutrition researchers prioritize exploration of better methods to predict peak height velocity, for development of standardized indicators to measure dietary quality among adolescents, and for studies that will illuminate causal paths so that we can effectively improve adolescent dietary intake and nutritional status.

Dietary habits and frequency of consumption of food items among rural adolescent girls in Mandya

Background: Nutritional status of adolescents in low and middle income countries like India is poorer compared to high income countries. There increase in prevalence of malnutrition around the globe and poor diet is also adding up to the increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases. Objectives: To study dietary habits of adolescent girls; To study frequency of consumption of different food items. Methodology: &nbsp;This is a cross sectional study conducted in rural field practice area of department of Community Medicine, Mandya Institute of Medical sciences, Mandya. Data was collected using pretested semi structured questionnaire and analyzed for frequencies and percentages. Results: Total adolescents included in this study were 302. More than half of them consuming mixed diet and only around 50% consumed regular meals. The food consumption among adolescent girls was deficit in both calories and protein. Deficit was around 1/3rd and it was more in the age group of 16-19 years for both calories and protein. Ragi was consumed on daily basis and sunflower oil was most commonly used. Around 1/4th of them consumed junk foods on daily basis. Conclusion: &nbsp;Dietary habits of adolescents was poor and irregular. It lacked regular consumption of fruits and vegetables.

Dietary Practices and Nutrition Status of Adolescents Attending Day Secondary Schools in Kenya

Dietary Practices and Nutrition Status of Adolescents Attending Day Secondary Schools in Kenya

Anthropometric Assessment of Adolescent Nutritional Status in Two Drought-Prone Areas of Ethiopia

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among adolescents in two food insecure zones in Ethiopia. Methods: Data were collected through a survey of 350 rural households from five districts using a multistage sampling design. Demographic, socioeconomic, and anthropometric measurements were collected from 1437 individuals. The nutritional status of a subset of this sample, adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, was analyzed using the World Health Organization (WHO) AnthroPlus software. Height-for-age Z-score (HAZ), and BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ) were calculated to determine nutritional status. Results: The prevalence of stunting (HAZ less than -2 standard deviations (SDs)) and thinness (BAZ < -2 SDs) were 18.4% and 15.0% respectively. Although these values are high by international standards, adolescents from the study population have relatively low rates of undernutrition compared to younger children from the same communities. Overall, undernutrition among adolescents was negatively associated with household access to irrigation and livestock holdings, but not with household size, farmland size or agroecology. Conclusion: Expanding access to nutrition-sensitive small-scale irrigation, and enhancing asset-building interventions, may contribute to the reduction of adolescent undernutrition in regions susceptible to climate change.

Assessment of trends of nutritional status, central obesity, and growth profile using anthropometric measurements in adolescent athletes from a sport-oriented public school.

The aims were to evaluate the nutritional status, central adiposity, and physical growth profile of adolescents in a sports-oriented public school (SOPS) and to describe the results considering the Brazilian and American adolescents' survey studies. This study was a dynamic cohort, performed in 2012-2013 and 2015. 1,082 adolescent athletes (11-16 years old) participated. Anthropometric data (height [H], weight, and waist circumference [WC]) were collected yearly. The nutritional status was assessed using BMI Z-score; trunk fat, using WC and WC/H ratio; and growth, using height z-score. The SOPS results were described considering data from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey (HBS-Southeast region) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Anthropometric data was compared using linear mixed effects regression models, considering sex, age group and time. Considering height Z-score and BMI Z-score values, none of the adolescents in the SOPS had short stature or underweight, and the obesity prevalence was approximately 1% throughout the study. HBS survey revealed 3.4% of obesity prevalence in adolescents (11-16 years old). Considering age and time, significant differences in WC for both sexes were observed. However, considering NHANES data, our participants were classified in P5-25. These results suggest that the nutritional status of adolescents in the SOPS was good, obesity prevalence was 1% and WC measurement was within P5-25 considering NHANES data. This supports the public policies encouraging involvement in sports at school, which should be one of the priorities in the health promotion agenda, reducing the development of future chronic diseases.

Porównanie wybranych elementów stylu życia uczniów w wieku 12 lat z Warszawy i Zamościa. Część II: aktywność fizyczna, sposób spędzania czasu wolnego, długość snu a stan odżywienia nastolatków

Porównanie wybranych elementów stylu życia uczniów w wieku 12 lat z Warszawy i Zamościa. Część II: aktywność fizyczna, sposób spędzania czasu wolnego, długość snu a stan odżywienia nastolatków

Micronutrient Status of Young Adolescents in Rural Bangladesh: The JiVitA-1 Birth Cohort (FS01-04-19)

ObjectivesWe assessed micronutrient status in young rural Bangladeshi adolescents to determine prevalence of deficiency by sex, age, season and dietary pattern. MethodsIn a birth cohort of >30,000 youth in whom data on health, development, and nutritional status was collected in 2015–2017, venous blood was drawn from a ∼3% subsample (n = 991, 9–13 years old). Participants’ mothers had been in a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled trial of daily antenatal beta-carotene or vitamin A supplementation in 2001–2007. Hemoglobin (Hb) was obtained at blood draw; plasma ferritin, folate, cobalamin (B12), homocysteine (Hcy), thyroglobulin (Tg), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] by commercial immunoassay, and zinc by atomic absorption spectrometry. ResultsParticipants were short (height-for-age Z-score –1.59 ± 0.93 in boys, –1.65 ± 0.98 in girls) and thin (BMI-for-age Z-score –1.49 ± 1.06 in boys, –1.28 ± 1.08 in girls). Anemia (Hb <120 g/L, 11.4%) was common but iron deficiency (ferritin <15 μg/L, 0.5%) was not. Folate (<6.8 nmol/L, 3.3%) and vitamin B12 (<150 pmol/L, 5.2%) deficiencies, elevated Hcy (>18 μmol/L, 0.8%) and inflammation (CRP >5 mg/L, 3.3%) were uncommon. However, deficiencies of vitamin D (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L, 43.0%), iodine (Tg > 40 μg/L, 21.9%), and zinc (<8.6 μmol/L, 18.8%) were prevalent. Only vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in girls than boys (54.0% versus 31.4%, P < 0.0001), doubling in girls from 32.5% at 10 to 69.7% at 13 years of age. Vitamin D deficiency was highest in winter and zinc deficiency highest during the monsoon. In preliminary analyses, micronutrient deficiencies were not significantly associated with dietary intake patterns derived from three 7-day food frequencies collected over ∼1 year. ConclusionsYoung adolescents in rural northern Bangladesh experienced anemia and vitamin D, iodine and zinc deficiencies; however, iron, folate, and B12 deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and inflammation were uncommon. Further resolution of dietary data and exploration of other contextual features may reveal specific risk factors for micronutrient deficiencies, informing our understanding of adolescent nutritional status in this setting. Funding SourcesThe Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Sight and Life.

Micronutrient Status of Young Adolescents in Rural Bangladesh: The JiVitA-1 Birth Cohort (FS01-04-19)

ObjectivesWe assessed micronutrient status in young rural Bangladeshi adolescents to determine prevalence of deficiency by sex, age, season and dietary pattern. MethodsIn a birth cohort of >30,000 youth in whom data on health, development, and nutritional status was collected in 2015–2017, venous blood was drawn from a ∼3% subsample (n = 991, 9–13 years old). Participants’ mothers had been in a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled trial of daily antenatal beta-carotene or vitamin A supplementation in 2001–2007. Hemoglobin (Hb) was obtained at blood draw; plasma ferritin, folate, cobalamin (B12), homocysteine (Hcy), thyroglobulin (Tg), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] by commercial immunoassay, and zinc by atomic absorption spectrometry. ResultsParticipants were short (height-for-age Z-score -1.59 ± 0.93 in boys, -1.65 ± 0.98 in girls) and thin (BMI-for-age Z-score -1.49 ± 1.06 in boys, -1.28 ± 1.08 in girls). Anemia (Hb < 120 g/L, 11.4%) was common but iron deficiency (ferritin < 15 μg/L, 0.5%) was not. Folate (< 6.8 nmol/L, 3.3%) and vitamin B12 (<150 pmol/L, 5.2%) deficiencies, elevated Hcy (>18 μmol/L, 0.8%) and inflammation (CRP >5 mg/L, 3.3%) were uncommon. However, deficiencies of vitamin D (25(OH) D < 50 nmol/L, 43.0%), iodine (Tg > 40 μg/L, 21.9%), and zinc (< 8.6 μmol/L, 18.8%) were prevalent. Only vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in girls than boys (54.0% versus 31.4%, P < 0.0001), doubling in girls from 32.5% at 10 to 69.7% at 13 years of age. Vitamin D deficiency was highest in winter and zinc deficiency highest during the monsoon. In preliminary analyses, micronutrient deficiencies were not significantly associated with dietary intake patterns derived from three 7-day food frequencies collected over ∼1 year. ConclusionsYoung adolescents in rural northern Bangladesh experienced anemia and vitamin D, iodine and zinc deficiencies; however, iron, folate, and B12 deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and inflammation were uncommon. Further resolution of dietary data and exploration of other contextual features may reveal specific risk factors for micronutrient deficiencies, informing our understanding of adolescent nutritional status in this setting. Funding SourcesThe Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Sight and Life.

STATUS GIZI REMAJA DI SMKN 1 INDRAMAYU KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

Nutrition is defined as a process of organisms using food consumed normally through the process of digestion, absorption, transportation, storage, metabolism and expenditure of nutrients to maintain the life, growth and normal functioning of organs and to produce energy. Adolescence is very important because it is a transitional period between children and adults. Balanced Nutrition at this time will greatly determine their maturity in the future. This community service was conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Indramayu with the aim of knowing the description of adolescent nutritional status by measuring the knowledge and consumption patterns of adolescents. The results of community service showed that most (45%) of adolescent nutrition knowledge was quite good, most (65%) of teenage consumption patterns were lacking and most (75%) nutritional status of normal adolescents.

Economic development and the nutritional status of Chinese school-aged children and adolescents from 1995 to 2014: an analysis of five successive national surveys

Socioeconomic development is widely regarded as contributing to improved nutrition in children. We aimed to assess the association between socioeconomic indicators and child and adolescent nutritional status, and the differences in this association between urban and rural areas. We extracted data from the 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014 cycles of the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health. We analysed these data for three nutritional outcomes-stunting, thinness, and overweight and obesity-in children and adolescents aged between 7 and 18 years, as defined by WHO standards and classifications. We included three socioeconomic indicators-gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, Engel coefficient (the proportion of household income spent on food), and urbanisation ratio-at both national and subnational levels for each survey year. We used logistic regression models to estimate the association between socioeconomic indicators and child nutritional status, and used prevalence odds ratios (ORs) to assess the urban-rural disparity for nutritional status over time. We also used generalised additive models to evaluate differences in associations between socioeconomic and nutritional status between urban and rural areas. We included 1 054 602 participants (204 932 in 1995; 209 167 in 2000; 225 213 in 2005; 208 136 in 2010; 207 154 in 2014) with complete records on age, sex, nationality, height, and weight in the final analyses, and the final dataset contained 29 provinces (Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Chongqing, and Tibet were excluded) with complete socioeconomic indicator information and student nutritional status information. From 1995 to 2014, the mean stunting prevalence in Chinese children and adolescents decreased from 8·1% (95% CI 8·0-8·2) to 2·4% (2·4-2·5), and the mean thinness prevalence declined from 7·5% (7·4-7·6) to 4·1% (4·0-4·2). Overweight and obesity mean prevalence increased from 5·3% (5·2-5·4) to 20·5% (20·4-20·7). We observed an inverse association between socioeconomic indicators and mean stunting and thinness prevalence, and found a positive association between socioeconomic indicators and overweight and obesity prevalence. The urban-rural disparity in nutritional status gradually diminished, with the prevalence ORs approaching equivalence over time. More rapid improvement of socioeconomic indicators was associated with changed nutritional status in children and adolescents, but with differences across urban and rural settings. The association between socioeconomic status and overweight and obesity was stronger in rural than in urban areas. Improvements (reductions) in the Engel coefficient were accompanied by a greater reduction of stunting and thinness in rural than in urban areas. Although socioeconomic development has been accompanied by continued improvements in stunting and thinness, a marked increase has occurred in overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents, particularly in rural areas. There is a pressing need for policy actions to extend beyond an emphasis on economic growth alone, and to focus on promotion of healthy diets and physical activity. National Natural Science Foundation, The Research Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry of Health of the Ministry of Health of China, and China Scholarship Council.

Taste sensitivity, food preferences, and physical activity pattern associated with nutritional status of adolescents

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of taste sensitivity, food preferences, and pattern of physical activity on the nutritional status of public school adolescents. A cross‐sectional study was carried out involving 952 adolescents of both genders and aged 10–19 years, divided into two groups: overweight, n = 238 and eutrophic, n = 714. Taste sensitivity, food preferences, physical activity pattern, and nutritional status were evaluated. Most adolescents failed in the sensitivity test. There was a significant association between sensitivity to salty taste and preference for evaluated tastes and nutritional status. It was verified that adolescents devote, on average, 6 hr a day with sedentary activities. Age and time spent exercising were positively associated with body mass index. Adolescents presented low taste sensitivity and prefer sweet taste while overweight individuals prefer salty. The study reveals the influence of parameters related to food preferences and physical activity patterns on the nutritional status of the youth.Practical applicationsChanges in sensitivity taste, dietary preferences, and in the pattern of physical activity influence the nutritional status of young. Understanding these relationships may contribute to the development of intervention strategies to prevent the onset or worsening of diseases associated with nutritional status.

Perception of body image and nutritional status in adolescents of public schools.

To assess body image dissatisfaction among adolescents from Northern Minas Gerais. This is a cross-sectional study with adolescents of both sexes, enrolled in the sixth to ninth year in the municipal public education network. A questionnaire was used, composed of sociodemographic and body image variables, which was obtained through a scale of silhouette figures. The anthropometric measurements of weight and height were performed to estimate body mass index. The correlation between the classification of the body mass index and the body image of adolescents was estimated through weighted Kappa. A total of 535 adolescents participated, and 24.5% had different classifications between the real and ideal body image. The Kappa index for the classification of body image was 0.51, 0.58 and 0.32 for the total of adolescents, girls and boys, respectively. Public school adolescents are dissatisfied with their self-body image.

Physical activity, screen time, and nutritional status in adolescents in Banyumas

Physical activity, screen time, and nutritional status in adolescents in Banyumas

The relation between adolescents' body mass index and bone age.

Introduction: adolescents' health and nutritional status is demonstrated in the quality of their growth and development. Bone age (BA) is the skeletal development index, which reflects an individual's maturation and is considered as the best expression of human development. Poor nutritional conditions, which extend for long periods, may influence bone development, causing a delay in BA, in relation to chronological age (CA). The aim of this study is evaluating the relation between adolescents' body mass index and bone age. Methods: cross-sectional study carried out with 172 adolescents. The variables evaluated were body mass index (BMI), CA, BA and maturational stage. The BA was determined by taking digital carpal radiographs. Results: the majority of the adolescents presented an adequate nutritional state (73.9%), 42.5% were classified as initial pubertal, followed by 40.6% as in peak height velocity (PHV), with a difference between the sexes (p < 0.001). PHV adolescents presented higher BA averages in both sexes (p = 0.005). There was a correlation between BMI and BA, with a strong correlation for girls in the pre-pubertal stage (r = 0.998; p < 0.05) and moderate correlation for those in PHV (r = 0.421; p < 0.001). By analyzing the relation of the variables to predict adolescents' BA, it was observed that the CA model, maturational stage and BMI explained the variability noted in BA in up to 50.3%. Conclusion: BMI has a relation with BA. It should be noted that BA is influenced by CA, the maturational stage and BMI.

Nutritional Status of Adolescents from High Socio-Economic Strata in Delhi

Nutritional Status of Adolescents from High Socio-Economic Strata in Delhi

AKTIVITAS FISIK, PENGETAHUAN GIZI, ASUPAN ENERGI, ASUPAN SERAT DAN STATUS GIZI LEBIH PADA REMAJA

Nutrition problems in adolescents are found in many nutrients. More nutrition (overweight) is one of the epidemic problems worldwide. Objective of the study to determine the relationship of physical activity, nutritional knowledge and fiber intake with more nutritional status in adolescents in MTSN 2 Kota Bengkulu.Penelitian this is with observational research using cross sectional design. Population taken in this research is all students of class VII and VIII in MTSN 2 City of Bengkulu Year 2017. Sampling by purposive sampling technique. The results of research on average light physical activity, adequate nutritional knowledge, energy intake more than AKG and fiber intake less than AKG. There is a relationship between physical activity, knowledge, energy intake, fiber intake with more nutritional status in adolescent (p &lt;0,05). The most dominant variables associated with more nutritional status are nutritional knowledge (p = 0,000). The importance of adding nutritional knowledge about obesity in adolescents in order to increase physical activity and fiber intake and reduce energy intake so as to achieve good nutritional status.