Nutrition Practices Research Articles

Barriers and facilitators of improved nutritional support for patients newly diagnosed with cancer: a pre-implementation study

BackgroundDisease-related malnutrition affects a significant number of patients with cancer and poses a major social problem worldwide. Despite both global and national guidelines to prevent and treat malnutrition, the prevalence is high, ranging from 20 to 70% in all patients with cancer. This study aimed to explore the current practice of nutritional support for patients with cancer at a large university hospital in Norway and to explore potential barriers and facilitators of the intervention in the Green Approach to Improved Nutritional support for patients with cancer (GAIN), prior to implementation in a clinical setting.MethodsThe study used individual interviews and a focus group discussion to collect data. Study participants included different healthcare professionals and patients with cancer treated at a nutrition outpatient clinic. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to guide the thematic data analysis.ResultsBarriers connected to the current nutritional support were limited resources and undefined roles concerning responsibility for providing nutritional support among healthcare professionals. Facilitators included a desire for change regarding the current nutritional practice. The GAIN intervention was perceived as feasible for patients and healthcare professionals. Potential barriers included limited knowledge of technology, lack of motivation among patients, and a potential added burden experienced by the participating patients.ConclusionsThe identification of the potential barriers and facilitators of the current nutritional support to patients with cancer will be used to plan the implementation of improved nutritional support in a randomized controlled trial for patients with cancer prior to clinical implementation. The current findings may be of value to others trying to implement either or both nutritional support and digital application tools in a clinical healthcare setting.Trial registrationThe study was registered in the National Institutes of Health Clinical trials 08/09/22. The identification code is NCT05544318.

Mindful Eating Behaviour, Psychological Well-being, and Gender Differences among Young Adults

The purpose of this paper is to make a theoretical link between mindful eating, psychological health, and gender of young adults concerning health and well-being. The assessment of life satisfaction is a significant aspect of people’s psychological well-being that involves such domains as autonomy, self-realization, interpersonal relationships, and self-approval, which are crucial for estimating the state of people’s mental health. Knowledge and endorsement of what is ingested and how it is processed have been reported to be very effective in supporting healthy nutrition practices and eradicating eating disorders. It is essential to have such behaviors pointed out in young adults because this category of the population is especially susceptible to health hazards during this stage. Personal analysis shows that there is a difference between male and female participants when it comes to psychological health as well as eating habits; therefore, it is essential to examine gender influence on mindful eating as well as the psychological well-being of participants. To assess these variables, the current study employs standard and reliable tools like Ryff’s Psychological Wellbeing Scale and Mindful Eating Behavior Scale on 180 young adult respondents within the age range of 18-26 years. Moreover, demographic variables including gender concerning the relationships on top of depression, stress, and anxiety will also be examined either as the predictor or moderator. The first research question is to understand the direction of the relationship between mindful eating behavior, psychological health, and gender in young adults and the second is to understand whether these relations can be either buffered or exacerbated by specific factors. Thus, the purpose of the study will be to expand the current understanding of the particular strategy that can be used to promote the overall health of such population. In addition, the research will contribute to the database of health determinants concerning young adults and show that complicated approaches are required for individuals with healthy and unhealthy habits concerning their psyche and body.

Nutritional management after necrotizing enterocolitis and focal intestinal perforation in preterm infants.

Nutritional management of preterm infants recovering from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or focal intestinal perforation (FIP) is challenging, especially in infants managed surgically. The logistics of how, when, and what to feed are unclear and current nutritional practices are primarily based on physiological principles and consensus opinion in individual units, rather than high-quality evidence. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the literature on nutritional management after NEC or FIP in preterm infants: when to restart enteral nutrition, type of enteral nutrition to use, and how to advance nutrition. We also discuss treatment of micronutrient deficiencies, cholestasis, replacement of stoma losses, and optimal time of stoma closure. In conclusion, there are insufficient high-quality studies available to provide evidence-based recommendations on the best nutritional practice after NEC or FIP in preterm infants. A local or national consensus based early nutrition guideline agreed upon by a multidisciplinary team including pediatric surgeons, pediatricians/neonatologists, nurses, and nutritionists is recommended. Further studies are urgently needed. IMPACT: There is no good quality evidence or nutritional standard across neonatal units treating infants after medical or surgical NEC or FIP. With this review we hope to start providing some consistency across patients and between providers treating patients with NEC and FIP. Mother's own milk is recommended when restarting enteral nutrition after NEC or FIP. In the absence of high-quality evidence, a consensus based early nutrition guideline agreed upon by a multidisciplinary team is recommended. Nutritional research projects are urgently needed in NEC and FIP patients.

Orthorexic Tendency in Light of Eating Disorder Attitudes, Social Media Addiction and Regular Sporting Among Young Hungarian Women

This study examined a set of background psychological and other variables of orthorexic (ON) tendency in a sample of young women with special interest in healthy lifestyle. The sample consisted of female young adults (N = 310; aged 18–35 years; mean age = 24.3 years; SD = 4.97 years) who were recruited through social media health sites. Besides Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire (ORTO‑15), BMI, regular sporting activity, the following scales were used: Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI, drive for thinness, ineffectiveness and maturity fears); Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS); and The Proactive Coping Inventory. In this sample, 37.7% were at risk for ON. Eating disorder attitudes, regular sporting and social media addiction were the most relevant predictors of orthorexic tendency with drive for thinness being the strongest contributor (β = 0.54, p < 0.001). For young women with a special interest in healthy lifestyle, drive for thinness together with regular sporting, ON tendency may serve as a tool for achieving their goal. Social media addiction and other psychological problems (feeling of ineffectiveness or maturity fears) can also contribute to orthorexic rendency. It would be important to ask for support from qualified health professionals when changing nutritional practices.

Maternal Knowledge of Balanced Nutrition and Maternal Feeding Practices Associated with Stunting in Children Aged 24-60 Months in the Puskesmas Siempat Rube Working Area

Introduction: The prevalence of stunting among children aged 24-60 months is a critical public health concern including in the Puskesmas Siempat Rube working area. Inadequate maternal knowledge about balanced nutrition and inappropriate feeding practices can contribute to the incidence of stunting. Objective: To analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge of balanced nutrition and maternal feeding practice on the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-60 months in the Puskesmas Siempat Rube working area. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2023. The research sample consisted of 43 participants selected using purposive sampling. Balanced nutrition knowledge scores were categorized into poor, sufficient, and good; meanwhile, the higher the score for feeding practice, the better the mother's feeding practice was assumed. Height was assessed based on the TB/U indicator and categorized into stunting and not stunting. Hypotheses were analyzed using logistic regression tests, with statistical significance set at p &lt; 0.05. Result: The prevalence of stunting in this study was 69.8%. Most mothers had insufficient knowledge of balanced nutrition (90.7%), and the average feeding practice score was 58.4. Maternal knowledge of balanced nutrition and maternal feeding practice are significantly related to the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-60 months in the Puskesmas Siempat Rube working area (p &lt; 0.05). Maternal knowledge of balanced nutrition and maternal feeding practice act as protective factors against the incidence of stunting. The odds of children aged 24-60 months experiencing stunting were 0.056 times lower if their mothers had sufficient knowledge of balanced nutrition compared to mothers with poor knowledge. Similarly, each 1-point increase in a mother's feeding practice score could reduce the incidence of stunting by 0.910 times compared to mothers with a feeding practice score one point lower. Conclusion: Maternal knowledge of balanced nutrition and maternal feeding practice are significantly associated with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-60 months in the Puskesmas Siempat Rube working area.

Incidence of Enteral Nutrition-Related Diarrhea Among Critically Ill Patients in Intensive Care Units.

Enteral nutrition is a common nutritional modality in intensive care units. Despite its valuable benefits, it has many complications among which diarrhea is the most important. However, the incidence of enteral nutrition-related diarrhea is variable in the literature, with no established baseline in Jordan. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of enteral nutrition-related diarrhea in intensive care units of a major public hospital in Jordan. A prospective cohort design was adopted over 4 months. Using a consecutive sampling technique, 84 critically ill patients receiving enteral nutrition were recruited. King's Stool Chart was used. The incidence of enteral nutrition-related diarrhea calculated per patient and per feeding day was 63.1% and 13.2%, respectively. Significant positive associations were found between the incidence of diarrhea with feeding days (r = .356, p = .001) and intensive care unit length of stay (r = .254, p = .020). The same was found for the frequency of diarrhea (r = .633, p = .000; r = .439, p = .000, respectively). Conversely, a significant negative association was found between baseline serum albumin and frequency of diarrhea (r = -.250, p = .037). Enteral nutrition-related diarrhea is prevalent in Jordanian intensive care units, but it should not be a barrier to enteral nutrition delivery. It would be beneficial for intensive care unit nurses to improve their nutritional practices by following a nurse-led enteral nutrition protocol to guide the enteral nutrition practices utilizing multidisciplinary approaches.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Vulnerable Populations for Achieving Sustainable Dietary Practices in India

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) studies offer valuable insights into the socio-cultural, psychological, and behavioral determinants of nutrition. This study aims to assess nutrition KAP during pregnancy and lactation in selected areas of Adilabad and Kumaram Bheem Asifabad districts, Telangana, India. A cross-sectional KAP survey was conducted on 536 individuals from February to March 2020, employing tablet-based data collection for pregnant women, lactating mothers, young mothers, and frontline staff. Departing from the standard equal-weight approach, we assigned different weights to responses based on existing literature and stakeholder consultation, acknowledging the varying significance of each response. This novel approach aims to mitigate the risk of overestimating or underestimating factors, thereby designing more effective policy interventions tailored to societal complexities. The results reveal that regarding the three micronutrients (Iron, vitamin A, and Iodine), the knowledge levels of pregnant women, lactating mothers, and young mothers were low, that is, less than 50% when compared with the functionaries/frontline staff. Pregnant women scored low on attitudes regarding micronutrients compared to lactating mothers, young mothers, and functionaries/frontline staff. Attitudes translate into practices; however, the data revealed that pregnant women, lactating mothers, and young mothers were not adopting appropriate dietary and nutrition practices except for the micronutrient iodine. The inadequate knowledge of all categories of respondents indicates a gap in nutrition literacy and education. The results point to the urgent need for policy action for nutrition education interventions among the vulnerable population.

Assessment of motivating factors to follow a time-restricted eating dietary protocol

The number of clinical studies assessing the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) has increased in recent years(1). The results of the studies conducted on humans demonstrate some health benefits, however, there is still a need to design larger and longer randomized clinical trials to prove the effectiveness and long-term benefits of these types of interventions(2). However, to ensure these health benefits, individuals need to be able to integrate its principles into their daily routines. This work aimed to associate daily habits with the potential adherence to different TRE protocols and to determine the factors that predict adherence to these protocols.A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire based on a previous study(3), to assess the dietary and sleeping habits, daily routines and willingness to adhere to different windows of time-restricted eating in a sample of Portuguese adults. To analyze the associations between variables, the Spearman correlation coefficient and the Chi-Square test were calculated, and multiple linear regression was performed to identify the predictive factors. Statistical analysis was conducted on IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.0.130 responses were obtained (26% men, 74% women) with a mean age of 37.9±13.59 years old. On workdays, 60.0% of participants reported a daily eating window (the period between the first and last caloric intake) of 12h-14h, while on free days the highest percentage (41.5%) was between 10h12h. An inverse correlation was observed between age and willingness to adhere to a TRE protocol if there were health benefits (r=-0.356, p&lt;0.001). Moderate correlations were also found between the availability to follow a TRE protocol on work days (r=0.538) and free days (r=0.598) and the potential health benefits of this type of intervention (p&lt;0.001)). Associations were found between sex and potential adherence to the TRE protocol (χ2=10.644, df=2, p=0.005), with a tendency for more men not to adhere to a TRE protocol. There was also an association between body weight management and reducing the eating window by 1h-2h (χ² =24.883, df=12, p=0.015) and 2h-3h (χ²=22.367, df=12, p=0.034). The living situation, motivation for change, income, weight management, cooking knowledge, and working schedule were among the main factors predicting the willingness to adhere to TRE protocols (p&lt;0.05).People’s willingness and motivation to adhere to TRE protocols outside the controlled environment of a clinical study depends on several factors. The results presented herein provide information that may be central when considering the translation of study results into nutritional practice and counselling.

Utilization of Maternal Nutrition Services During Antenatal Care and Its Association With Nutrition Practices in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and India

Utilization of Maternal Nutrition Services During Antenatal Care and Its Association With Nutrition Practices in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and India

The Effect of Two Health Education Packages on Nutritional Knowledge, Practices, and Physical Activity Levels Among School-Going Adolescents in Rishikesh: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Introduction Adolescence is a critical period known for presenting specific challenges in disease treatment and health promotion. Studies have highlighted that increased nutritional awareness is associated with healthier eating habits, while regular physical activity aids in controlling and preventing non-communicable diseases. Equipping adolescents with health education in schools prepares them to adopt and maintain healthy lifestyles throughout their lives. To assess and compare the efficacy of health education packages targeting nutrition knowledge, practices, and physical activity levels, a cluster-randomized trial was conducted among school-going adolescents. Methodology Two distinct health education packages were developed for the two intervention groups. In group 1, a health talk supported by a flip chart was delivered, followed by pamphlet distribution. In contrast, in group 2, only information pamphlets were distributed. The study was conducted in government schools in Rishikesh, with four schools selected. Two schools were randomly allocated to each intervention arm. In each school, a questionnaire was administered to assess the students' nutrition knowledge, practicesand physical activity levels. This was followed by the intervention, and the students were reassessed for the same parameters after two weeks. Result The pre-intervention and post-intervention comparisons within the same group- the mean scores for nutrition knowledge, food practice, sleep duration, and recreational screen time were comparable in the intervention group 1 (p>0.05). There was a decrease in the mean physical activity score and screen time for studies in intervention group 1, and these differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean scores for nutrition knowledge, physical activity, sleep duration, and screen time for studies were comparable in the intervention group 2 (p>0.05). There was an increase in the mean food practice score and a decrease in recreational screen time in intervention group 2, and these differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). On comparing the groups with each other, it was found thatGroup 2 exhibited a significantly higher mean food practice score compared to group 1 post-intervention. While there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean physical activity score in intervention group 1, this group still had higher physical activity levels than group 2.Post-intervention, group 2 exhibited a higher screen time for studies compared to group 1. Both groups had comparable sleep durations at baseline and post-intervention, with intervention group 1's mean sleep duration falling within the recommended range set by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Regression analysis provided valuable insights into the relationship between baseline values of various variables and their post-intervention values, aiding in understanding the impact of the health education packages. Conclusion The findings emphasize the significance of incorporating nutrition and physical activity education into the curriculum of students.

A case-control study to investigate determinants of undernutrition in community-dwelling children.

This study aimed to examine determinants of undernutrition among children under 2 years of age. A matched case-control study design was conducted to recruit 300 mothers comprising 100 mothers with an undernourished child (case group) and 200 mothers with a healthy child (control group). Measurements consisted of demographic characteristics of children data, mother's data, household data, mother's knowledge of child undernutrition, mother's knowledge of nutrition, complementary feeding practices, and undernutrition parameters of the children. A conditional logistic regression was used to identify determinants of undernutrition. The risk of undernutrition was estimated by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical significance was defined as any p value of <.05. Findings showed that mother's knowledge of undernutrition (AOR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91-0.98), mother's knowledge of nutrition (AOR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.85-0.96), and mother's knowledge (AOR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.67-0.91) and behavior of complementary feeding practices (AOR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99) were significant determinants of undernutrition (p < .05). Mothers with high scores on knowledge of undernutrition, knowledge of nutrition, and knowledge and behaviors of complementary feeding practices would benefit the children under 2 years to reduce the risk of undernutrition. Healthcare professionals (i.e., pediatric nurses and community health nurses) should provide early assessment of knowledge related to undernutrition, nutrition, and complementary feeding practices for mothers with children under 2 years.

Effects of Lactoferrin and Lactobacillus Supplementation on Immune Function, Oxidative Stress, and Gut Microbiota in Kittens.

Immune deficiency is a prevalent issue among kittens, severely threatening their health and development by increasing susceptibility to infections and diseases. This study investigates the effects of dietary supplements containing lactoferrin and Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on the immune function, intestinal health, and microbiota composition of kittens. The results demonstrate that these supplements significantly enhance immune responses, with immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels increasing by 14.9% and IgG levels by 14.2%. Additionally, there was a notable 28.7% increase in catalase activity, indicating a reduction in oxidative stress. Gastrointestinal (GI) health improved markedly, evidenced by increased populations of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, which rose from 4.13% to 79.03% over the study period. The DNC group also showed significant reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines, including decreases of 13.94% in IL-2, 26.46% in TNF-α, and 19.45% in IFN-γ levels. Furthermore, improvements in physical conditions were observed, including enhanced coat condition and mental status. These findings underline the potential of lactoferrin and L. plantarum as effective dietary interventions to improve kitten health, thereby reducing dependency on antibiotics and mitigating associated risks. This research provides a scientific foundation for optimizing nutritional management practices to enhance the overall vitality of kittens during their critical growth phases.

Involving Influential Men’s Groups to Promote Maternal and Child Nutrition Practices Increased Diet Diversity and Egg Consumption Despite Rising Insecurity in The Sahel

Involving Influential Men’s Groups to Promote Maternal and Child Nutrition Practices Increased Diet Diversity and Egg Consumption Despite Rising Insecurity in The Sahel

Maternal and Child Nutrition Practices and Vitamin A Supplementation

Maternal and Child Nutrition Practices and Vitamin A Supplementation

Expert consensus on clinical practice of parenteral nutrition therapy for critically ill patients in China (2024)

Critical patients have a high incidence of malnutrition, which can lead to adverse outcomes such as infections and ICU-acquired weakness. Improving the nutritional status of critically ill patients is currently an important challenge. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an important component of medical nutrition, but there is still much controversy over how to implement a reasonable and standardized PN for critically ill patients. To further standardize the PN strategy for critically ill patients, the Critical Care Medicine Branch of the Zhejiang Medical Association convened experts in the field of critical care medicine and formulated the Expert consensus on clinical practice of parenteral nutrition therapy for critically ill patients in China (2024). This consensus is based on the GRADE evidence quality grading standard, problem oriented, and summarizes evidence-based medicine evidence from multiple aspects such as PN timing, suitable population, nutritional plan, and ingredient ratio, providing professional suggestions for the standardization and implementation of PN in clinical nutrition practice.

Adherence to Essential Nutritional and Lifestyle Practices among the Residents of Urban and Rural Settings during COVID-19 at Jashore District in Bangladesh

Background: High population density makes Bangladesh more vulnerable to a pandemic situation like COVID-19. It is evident from the scientific literature that proper nutritional practices might be effective in preventing various infections. The objective of this research work was to explore the nutritional as well as lifestyle practices among the urban-rural residents of Jashore district and to assess the association of those practices with their residential settings. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study where about 134 respondents (18-50 years) were selected by convenience sampling method from eight rural and seven urban areas of Jashore district in Bangladesh. Association between residence type and various concerned practices have been explored by Pearson chi-square test, binary and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: It was found from the results of binary and multinomial logistic regression that, the intake of vitamin D rich foods (OR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.48,8.07), folic acid rich foods (OR:0.20; 95% CI:0.09,0.46), vitamin B12 rich foods (OR:0.11; 95% CI:0.02,0.52), iron rich foods (OR:0.23; 95% CI:0.08,0.66), and melatonin rich foods (OR:0.15; 95% CI:0.05,0.40) were significantly associated (P&lt;.05) with residential area (urban and rural) of the respondents. On the other hand, no association was found (P&gt;.05) between other immune-boosting nutrient-rich foods such as complex carbohydrates, polyunsaturated fatty acid, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, Pyridoxine, zinc and selenium rich foods and respondents’ residential area. Moroever, the association was not observed (P&gt;.05) in case of supplement intake of various immune boosting nutrients and area. Among the lifestyle practices, no significant association was found regarding sleep patterns among the respondents but various daily physical movements (OR: 0.19; 95% CI:0.07,0.48) were found higher among the rural respondents. Conclusion: Daily intake of vitamin D rich foods was found higher among the urban respondents but daily intake of folic acid, vitamin B12, iron and melatonin rich foods were found higher among the rural residents. It was also observed that the physical activities were better maintained among the rural respondents than their urban counterparts. Bioresearch Commu. 10(2): 1545-1552, 2024 (July)

Effect of non-genetic factors on reproductive efficiency of Mehsana buffaloes maintained at organized farm

The present investigation included the data pertaining to lactation records of 301 Mehsana buffaloes, spread over a period of 30 years (1991 to 2020), collected from the records maintained at Livestock Research Station, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar, District Banaskantha, Gujarat; to evaluate the reproduction performance of Mehsana buffaloes. The data pertaining to different performance traits was collected from the records of the farm and analysed to know the effects of non-genetic factors like- period of calving, season of calving, parity and age at first calving group on these performance traits. The LSM of AFC have been observed 1295.54±11.80 days (N=301), but it was significantly (P≤0.01) affected by the period of birth. Similarly, LSM for SP was calculated 145.72±4.98 days (N=1038) and it was significantly (P≤0.01) affected by period of calving, season of calving and parity, but AFC group did not have any effect on this trait. The LSM of DP was estimated as 213.69±9.17 days (N=869), while it was significantly (P≤0.05) affected by period of calving, but effect of season of calving and parity on this trait was highly significant (P≤0.01). Similarly, LSM of CI was observed 451.97±4.97 days (N=1054), which was significantly (P≤0.01) affected by the period of calving, season of calving and parity. Therefore, based on these observations it was concluded that significant effect of non-genetic factors play an important role to improve the reproduction performance of the Mehsana buffalo herd, therefore emphasis must be given on nutrition, management and health cover practices to improve the performance of the indigenous breed on the farm.

Exploring the interplay of nutritional status, feeding practices and acute illness among infants under six months: A cross-sectional study

Exploring the interplay of nutritional status, feeding practices and acute illness among infants under six months: A cross-sectional study

Nutritional Practices, Quality of Life and, Health Status of Elderly in Rural Communities in Owo Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria

The study investigates the nutrition practices, health status, and quality of life of elderly individuals in Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. It involves a descriptive cross-sectional design with 346 elderly participants aged 60-90, systematically sampled from six rural communities. Data were collected via structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires on demographics, medical and lifestyle histories, daily activities, health-seeking behaviors, food consumption, and nutritional care practices. Nutritional status and high blood pressure were assessed using anthropometric indices and a digital sphygmomanometer. Key findings indicate that 37.6% of participants were aged 60-64. Significant differences were noted between sexes in socio-demographic variables. Alcohol consumption, tobacco sniffing, and cigarette smoking were reported by 15.3%, 11.0%, and 4.6% respectively. Additionally, 23.1% were on hypertensive drugs and 20.1% were confirmed diabetics. Meal frequency varied, with 16.5% eating less than three times daily and 59.2% eating three times daily. Lunch (58.0%) and breakfast (36.6%) were the most skipped meals, and 15% ate outside the home. Dietary diversity scores revealed 66.5% with medium and 27.5% with good diversity. Significant gender differences were observed in dietary diversity and consumption patterns of cereals, roots, tubers, and fruits. Nutritional care practices and daily living activities scores showed 90.2% and 80.6% with fair practices and good activity scores, respectively, while 46.2% demonstrated good health-seeking behavior. Common health complaints included body and joint pain. Central obesity rates were 33.8% (WC), 30.3% (WHtR), and 30.6% (WHR). Elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found in 36.7% and 23% of participants, respectively. Only 31.2% reported a good quality of life. Significant positive correlations were found between nutritional status, quality of life, nutritional care practices, and functionality. Malnutrition, poor quality of life, and inadequate care practices among the elderly in rural areas highlight a public health challenge requiring targeted interventions.

The Impact of Nutrition Education in Workplace

Workplace is one of the places that could affect wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks. this study aims to review nutrition education among workers that result can be used as the evidence based for policymakers to start implementing health and nutrition education periodically. We conducted a search on the PubMed Central database in May 2024 to look at various publications and journals in 2010-2024 related to the nutritional education in the workplace using the keywords: nutrition education, workplace. Three studies were meet inclusion and exclusion criteria and further be reviewed. Three studies focused on nutrition education in the workplace. Positive outcomes were recorded for all workplace intervention, including increase in nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, reduce risky behavior, and improved body mass index and blood biomarkers. Workplace may provide an optimal setting to reach a large proportion of the adult population thus could improve both nutrition education and practice as well as health status. Workplace education related to nutrition, in this paper all gives different positive outcomes