Need For Nutrition Research Articles

Effectiveness of Self-cut vs Mesh-Kit Titanium-Coated Polypropylene Mesh for Transvaginal Treatment of Severe Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Transvaginal mesh (TVM) can increase the durability of vaginal surgical procedures for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and may be indicated in certain situations despite concerns about mesh-related complications. In addition, the expense of commercial mesh kits has limited their use. The effectiveness, safety, and cost of a self-cut mesh procedure compared with a commercial mesh-kit procedure for the surgical treatment of women with POP is unclear. To assess the 1-year effectiveness and safety of self-cut titanium-coated polypropylene mesh compared with a precut commercial mesh kit for the transvaginal surgical treatment of women with severe symptomatic POP. This multicenter randomized noninferiority clinical trial was conducted at 11 hospitals in 8 provinces of China. A total of 336 women with symptomatic stage 3 to 4 POP were enrolled between January 22, 2018, and November 11, 2019, with follow-up through December 11, 2020. Participants were randomized to receive a TVM procedure using either self-cut mesh (self-cut mesh group) or a precut commercial mesh kit (mesh-kit group), both of which used the same titanium-coated polypropylene mesh. The primary outcome measure was composite surgical success at 1 year, which was defined as the absence of vaginal bulge symptoms, no additional retreatment for POP, and no vaginal prolapse at or beyond the hymen. Secondary outcomes included symptom-specific pelvic floor function and quality-of-life measures as well as perioperative complications, including mesh-related complications and hospitalization costs. Complications were categorized using the Clavien-Dindo system (with grade 1 indicating any deviation from the normal postoperative course but not requiring grade 2-4 interventions; grade 2, need for pharmacological treatment, blood transfusion, and/or total parenteral nutrition; grade 3, the need for surgical, endoscopic, and/or interventional radiological procedures; and grade 4, life threatening). Among 336 female participants (mean [SD] age, 63.3 [5.9] years; all of Chinese ethnicity), 169 patients were randomized to the self-cut mesh group, and 167 were randomized to the mesh-kit group. Three patients were unavailable for follow-up after 1 year. In the intention-to-treat analysis, 162 women (95.9%) in the self-cut mesh group had outcomes that met the definition of surgical success; this result was noninferior to the surgical success rate observed in the mesh-kit group (146 women [87.4%]; risk difference, 8.5%; 95% CI, 2.2%-14.3%; P = .006). The frequency of Clavien-Dindo grade 1 to 3 perioperative complications was not significant between groups (12 of 166 women [7.2%] in the self-cut mesh group vs 20 of 161 women [12.4%] in the mesh-kit group; P = .14). Vaginal mesh exposure rates in women examined at 1 year were similar (4 women [2.4%] in the self-cut mesh group vs 8 women [4.8%] in the mesh-kit group; P = .23). Median (IQR) total hospitalization costs were $3663.00 ($3258.90-$4495.10) in the self-cut mesh group vs $6144.00 ($5434.90-$7160.20) in the mesh-kit group (P < .01), representing savings of $2481.00 (40.4%) with the use of self-cut mesh. In this clinical trial, the composite surgical success rate of a self-cut mesh procedure was noninferior to that of a commercial mesh-kit procedure using the same titanium-coated polypropylene mesh and reduced hospitalization expenses by 40.4%. These findings suggest that the use of self-cut mesh procedures may be advantageous for the surgical treatment of some women with severe POP, particularly those in countries with low and middle income. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03283124.

Mixed Treatments Comparison of Oral Nutrition Interventions for Blood Immune Cell Parameters in Cancer Patients: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Oral nutrition interventions are commonly applied as an assistant therapeutic approach, which could affect the balance of the immunological response but with mixed evidence. The objective of this study is to identify the potential of different oral nutrition interventions for blood immune cell parameters in cancer patients. Randomized controlled trials, which were published in peer-reviewed journals in the language of English, and which identified the effects of different oral nutrition interventions on cancer patients, were screened and included in the databases of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science. White blood cell count (WBC), lymphocyte count, CD4/CD8, and neutrophil count were selected as outcome measures. For the result, 11 trials were included. The agreement between authors reached a kappa value of 0.78. Beta-carotene supplementation has a high potential in inducing a positive effect on blood immune cell parameters for cancer patients (first positive for WBC and CD4/CD8, second positive for lymphocyte count), as well as a combination of physical exercise and hypocaloric healthy eating intervention (first positive for lymphocyte and neutrophil count, second positive for WBC). Oral nutrition supplementations with a single substance have less potential to provide a positive effect on blood immune cell parameters for cancer patients (glutamine: 0.30 and 0.28 to be the last selection for WBCs and lymphocytes; Omega 3: 0.37 to be the last selection for WBCs; Protein: 0.44 to be the last selection for lymphocytes; Zinc: 0.60 to be the last selection for neutrophils). In conclusion, the programs of immunonutrition therapy for different cancer patients might be different. The past perception that mixed oral nutritional supplementations are superior to oral nutritional supplements with a single substance might be wrong and the selection of oral nutritional supplementation need cautiousness. A combination of physical exercise might have a positive effect but also needs a higher level of evidence. Registration Number: CRD42021286396.

Trimodal prehabilitation for pelvic exenteration: principles and practice

Prehabilitation has been shown to improve functional patient outcomes and reduce hospital length of stay in colorectal cancer patients. Patients being considered for pelvic exenteration can present with a poor functional baseline, often due to the locally advanced nature of their disease and prior oncological treatment regimes. They may also have complex psychological, social and nutritional needs that need addressing. The trimodal programme consists of physical, nutritional and psychological specialist preoperative interventions. An individualised physical activity programme includes cardiovascular training and strength exercises. Early psychological assessment as part of a personalised care and support approach can enable prompt interventions to address and hopefully ameliorate any psychological sequelae. Those at nutritional risk need to be identified early in the pathway, adding in nutritional supplements and specialist dietetic advice where appropriate. By applying these principles, exenterative patients can achieve improved outcomes from complex colorectal cancer surgery.

Religion, Fetal Protection, and Fasting during Pregnancy in Three Subcultures.

Fasting during pregnancy is an enigma: why would a woman restrict her food intake during a period of increased nutritional need? Relative to the costs to healthy individuals who are not pregnant, the physiological costs of fasting in pregnancy are amplified, with intrauterine death being one possible outcome. Given these physiological costs, the question arises as to the socioecological factors that give rise to fasting during pregnancy. There has been little formal research regarding the emic perceptions and socioecological factors associated with such fasting. This study therefore took an emic approach and investigated the types of fasts that are common in pregnancy, women's perceptions of the consequences of fasting, and the socioecological models of pregnancy fasting in three Indian communities. This cross-sectional study took place in Bhubaneshwar, Odisha state, and Mysore, Karnataka state, among two populations of Hindu women and one population of Muslim women (N = 85). In total, 64% of women fasted in prior pregnancies. Findings revealed variation in the number and types of fasts that are common in pregnancy across the three communities. Each community reported differences in positive and negative consequences of fasting, with varied emphasis on reproductive health, religiosity, and general health and well-being. Finally, quantitative analyses indicated that the best-fitting model for fasting during pregnancy was religiosity, and the poorest-fitting models were resource scarcity and general health. This study provides insight into motivations for such fasting and highlights the need to investigate the relationship between supernatural beliefs and maternal-fetal protection further, as well as social functions of pregnancy fasting within the family and community.

Knowledge and nutrition awareness of parents of Autistic children in selected centers “Khartoum State”

The aim of the study was to identify parent’s knowledge about autism, dietary pattern and health problems of autistic. Across-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 50 parents in selected centers in Khartoum State. Result indicated that parent’s knowledge about autistic children characteristics was (67.3%). The score knowledge of parents about nutrition need, health problems for these children were (63%) and (50.8%) respectively. The overall score knowledge and nutrition awareness of parents of autistic children was (60.4%), which indicate moderate adequate knowledge. Recommendation from the study suggested that; availability of nutritionist in the autistic centers is highly recommended, regular nutrition assessment of children is essential, and mothers must give more attention to their children dietary habits.

The Diagnostic Relevance of β-D-Glucan for Candidemia within Internal Medicine Wards.

Candidemia diagnosis is based on the combination of clinical, microbiological and laboratory data. We aimed to evaluate performances and accuracy of (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) at various cut-offs in internal medicine patients. An observational retrospective–prospective study was performed. Patients with at least two determinations of BDG and paired, associated blood cultures within ±48 h were considered. A total of 140 patients were included: 26 with Candida spp. blood-stream infections (BSI) and 114 without candidemia. Patients with candidemia were older and had higher BDG values, need of parenteral nutrition, higher colonization by Candida in more than one site, presence of percutaneous gastrostomy and higher Candida or Charlson scores. BDG maintained the best compromise between sensitivity, specificity and optimal negative predictive value was 150 pg/mL. BDG values at cut-off of 150 pg/mL increase the strength of association between BDG and development of candidemia (Odds Ratio—OR 5.58; CI 2.48–12.53 vs. OR 1.06; CI 1.003–1.008). Analyzing BDG > 150 pg/mL along with Candida score > 2 and Charlson score > 4, the strength of the association amongst BDG, clinical scores and development of candidemia is increased. The overall clinical evaluation with the help of scores that consider BDG values > 150 pg/mL, Candida score > 2 and Charlson score > 4 in combination seems to predict better the need of antifungal empiric treatment.

Effect of Maggot Flour (Hermetia illucens larvae) on Histopathology of Koi carp &lt;I&gt;(Cyprinus carpio)&lt;/I&gt; Muscles and Gills Infected with &lt;I&gt;Edwarsiella tarda&lt;/I&gt;

Highlight Research Feeding of maggot flour formulations to koi carp infected with tarda Active compounds contained in maggot Clinical symptoms of koi carp infected with tarda Damage to the muscle and gill tissue of koi carp infected with E. tarda Abstract The problem that fishes farmers often face is disease. Maggot contains a high protein which ranges from 41-42%. Besides that, maggot also has a good effect on increasing the body resistance of fish. While the maggot provision fulfills nutritional need, it’s also expected to boost immunity against bacterial disease. One of which is Edwardsiella tarda, known to infect koi carp (Cyprinus carpio). Feeding of maggot flour at different doses, namely A (25%), B (50%), C (75%), and D (100%) was carried out to determine its effect on the histopathology of the muscles and gills of C. carpio infected with E. tarda. Water quality during the study obtained an average value, namely the temperature ranging from 26-27.5℃, pH 6.5-8.1, and DO 5.2-8 mg/L. Fish infected with E. tarda showed several clinical symptoms, including rapid operculum movement, irregular and slow swimming, and bleeding on the skin. The results of the histopathological analysis showed that in muscle and gill tissue, treatment C (75%) showed the lowest damage value among other treatments with an average score of necrosis 0.93, hyaline degeneration 1.33, and Edema 1.27. Average score of gill tissue damage was 0.9 fusion, 1.3 congestion, 0.9 hyperplasia. Based on this, the provision of maggot flour can be used to prevent infection of E. tarda against C. carpio.

A Review on Cervical Dysplasia: Etiology, Risk Factors, Diagnostic Biomarkers and Possible Nutritional Association

Objectives: Cervical dysplasia which is the precursor or premalignant form of cervical cancer is prolonged; hence its diagnosis is essential for the early detection and inhibiting the development of cervical cancer. This review briefs the extensive studies conducted globally to gain knowledge about the development of cervical dysplasia along with the risk factors associated, role of human papilloma virus (HPV), potential diagnostic biomarkers and association with various micronutrient levels. Materials and method: All these data were collected through extensive literature review. Result: Based on the review, it can be stated that HPV virus (HPV 16 most commonly) is the most important etiological agent for the process of cervical carcinogenesis. However, HPV infection solely does not cause cervical cancer. There are various factors which act synergistically to develop cervical dysplasia and cancer. Smoking was found to be an important independent risk factor. There are studies which showed conflicting results regarding oral contraceptive intake association with cervical dysplasia. There are quite a few biomarkers like HPV DNA, p16INK4a, telomerase, and microRNA expression which have been identified as effective in diagnosing cervical dysplasia. Chromosome 3q mutation has been reported to be present in early dysplastic lesions; hence, it can be used in screening early lesions. Various micronutrient studies highlighted the facts that high plasma concentrations of several carotenoids and Vitamin C are inversely proportional to the degree of cervical dysplasia. Low red cell folate levels n plasma increases the risk of cervical dysplasia association. Low dietary intake of Vitamin A is also associated with increased risk of cervical dysplasia. Conclusion: Finally, it can be stated that more extensive studies relating to nutritional and serum markers level need to be conducted with larger cohorts so that an appropriate nutrition plan can be implemented for these patients.

Factors Correlating to Mothers’ Knowledge on Toddler’s Nutrition Need

Childhood is the early phase of life and a very fast growth and development phase. Good nutrition intake plays an important part in achieving optimum body growth, including brain growth as well highly determining an individual’s intelligence. Toddlers are more interested in environment and improving their motor skill than in food; therefore, the food served should be always varying. The objective of research is to find out the factors correlating to mothers’ knowledge on nutrition need in toddlers. The result of observation conducted by the author in Cermee Village, Cermee Sub District, Bondowoso found many mothers with toddlers (1-3 year children) have poor knowledge on the nutrition need in 1-3 year old children. The method used was quantitative one, with descriptive correlational design and cross-sectional approach and exhaustive sampling technique taking 34 respondents being the sample. The result of univariate analysis shows that 67.7% of respondents have poor knowledge on toddler’s nutrition need and factors correlating to mothers’ knowledge on toddler nutrition are occupation and information source with substantially different proportion (&gt;10%). Meanwhile, education and age factors have very small proportion difference.  Keywords: Knowledge, Nutrition Need, Toddler

A Call for Theory to Guide Equity-Focused Federal Child Nutrition Program Policy Responses and Recovery Efforts in Times of Public Health Crisis.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its related mitigation efforts have had a dramatic influence on food and nutrition security in the United States. During this period, families with children were particularly vulnerable, demonstrating incredible nutrition need. Before the pandemic, rates of food insecurity among households with children had been generally declining. Specifically, the prevalence of food insecurity among households with children younger than age 18 years was 13.6% in 2019 compared with 20.6% in 2011.

Safety of biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch in patients with body mass index less than 50kg/m2.

Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) has often been reserved for patients with BMI > 50kg/m2. We aim to assess the safety of BPD-DS in patients with morbid obesity (BMI 335kg/m2 and < 50kg/m2) using a 150-cm common channel (CC), 150-cm Roux limb, and 60-fr bougie. A retrospective review was performed on patients with a BMI < 50mg/k2 who underwent a BPD-DS in 2016-2019 at a single institution. Limb lengths were measured with a laparoscopic instrument with minimal tension. Sleeve gastrectomy was created with 60-fr bougie. Variables were compared using paired t test, Chi-square analysis or repeated measures ANOVA where appropriate. Forty-five patients underwent BPD-DS. CC lengths and Roux limb lengths were 158 ± 20cm and 154 ± 18cm, respectively. Preoperative BMI was 44.9 ± 2.3kg/m2 and follow-up was 2.7 ± 1.4years. One patient required reoperation for bleeding and died from multiorgan failure and delayed sleeve leak. There was 1 (2.2%) readmission for contained anastomotic leak and 2 ED visits (4.5%) within 30days. There were no marginal ulcers, limb length revisions, or need for parental nutrition. Percent excess weight loss was 67.2 ± 19.7%. 88.9% (N = 8), 86.6% (N = 13), and 55.5% (N = 5) of patients had resolution or improvement of their diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, respectively. 40% (N = 4) of patients had resolution of their gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and 11.4% (N = 5) developed de novo GERD. 32% (N = 14) of patients had vitamin D deficiency and 25% (N = 11) experienced zinc deficiency. BPD-DS may be considered in patients with BMI < 50kg/m2 with 150-cm CC, 150-cm Roux limb, and a 60-fr bougie sleeve gastrectomy. There was sustained weight loss and no protein calorie malnutrition, but Vitamin D and zinc deficiency remained a challenge. Careful patient selection and proper counseling of the risks and benefits are necessary.

Edukasi Masyarakat Mengenai Suplemen dan Vitamin untuk Tumbuh Kembang Remaja dan Covid-19

Covid-19 pandemic has hit worldwide for three years. During the pandemic, a proper diet and optimum consumption of vitamins and suplements will help to maintain the immune system. However, there is still lack of public awareness in fulfillness the nutrition need during pandemic. Hence, it is essentials to increase public knowledge and awareness through the through the provision of information in order to make people easier in choosing the best diet, vitamins and suplement to combat the pandemic.

Psychological and Social Factors Affecting Eating Habits in Adolescent

Eating behavior is a means or what a person continuously as the characteristics of the individual in meeting the needs, both physiologically, socially and emotionally to food to meet the need of nutrition for the body. The purpose of this literature study is to examine and explore psychological and social related factors that influence eating habits in adolescents. The method used is a literature study using eight relevant research journals as the main reference. The results of this study, it was found that psychological and social factors can affect eating habits in adolescents. Adolescent psychology will be greatly influenced by the social environment of adolescents such as from the family environment, school environment, peers, culture, health status and also the economy. The wrong eating habits of adolescents can lead to eating disorders and nutritional problems in adolescents. Psychosocial factors are known to greatly influence the changes in eating habits in adolescents. Changes in eating habits due to these factors will lead to nutritional problems in adolescents.

Nanominerals in nutrition: Recent developments, present burning issues and future perspectives

The unusual intrinsic properties of nanomaterials, such as small size and high surface-to-volume ratio, have invited their applications in various sectors of animal and human nutrition. Since the recent past, there has been tremendous surge in demand for animal-derived foods due to the concomitant increase in human population. The quantity and quality of animal-derived foods are mainly dependent on the health and wellness of the livestock. Dietary mineral elements are well known to play essential roles in maintaining the livestock's nutrition. However, poor bioavailability of administered mineral elements leads to malnutrition and associated health issues in animals. Feeding nanoparticles to livestock has shown promising results including increased growth performance, immunity, reproduction ability, and quality of animal products. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the need for animal nutrition, major bottlenecks of the field, and use of nanotechnologies as an alternative to the traditional pattern of mineral element supplementation. A significant emphasis has also been given to the possible approaches for developing nanominerals suitable for livestock nutrition. Availability of consumer market for nanotechnology-based food may drive this field to develop different strategies for food sensing, packaging, and nutrition.

Early postoperative feeding in single-stage repair of anorectal malformation with vestibular or perineal fistula is not associated with increased wound complications

IntroductionThe objective of this study is to assess the postoperative outcomes of single-stage repair of anorectal malformations with vestibular (VF) or perineal fistula (PF) and early initiation of postoperative feeding. MethodsA retrospective review of patients undergoing single-stage repair of isolated low anorectal malformations (VF and PF) from 2017 to 2020 was conducted. All patients underwent an anterior anoplasty with complete mobilization of the rectal fistula, or posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP), without protective colostomy. The variables examined include age, timing of postoperative feeding initiation, length of stay (LOS), and complications. ResultsNineteen patients with VF or PF underwent a single-stage repair. 12/19 (63%) patients were female. All 7 males and 9/12 females had a PF. The range of age at surgery was 2 days to 3 years with median age of 92 days [IQR 1,3: 9,193]. The median postoperative day for initiation of feeds was day 0 [IQR 1,3: 0,1] and median LOS was 1 day [IQR 1,3: 1,4.5]. 18/19 (95%) patients were evaluated in follow-up and there were no wound infections, wound dehiscences, or recurrent fistulas. Within 90 days postoperatively, no patients were seen in the emergency department for postoperative issues. Within 6 months, 2/19 (11%) patients required an unplanned return to the operating room for anal dilation. ConclusionIn single-stage repair of isolated low anorectal malformations, VF and PF, early initiation of postoperative feeding is safe, results in a short length of stay, and does not lead to increased wound complications. Early enteral feeding eliminates the need for parenteral nutrition and central venous access, and their associated complications. Level of evidenceLevel IV

Seed inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in the U.S. soybean systems

Symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation (SNF) is critical to satisfying the nutritional need of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and maintaining productivity and high seed protein concentration. Due to its low environmental impact, a key factor for increasing the sustainability of soybean systems is to enhance SNF. Seed inoculation with the free-living Azospirillum brasilense alone or with Bradyrhizobium japonicum (herein called co-inoculation) are plausible strategies that have been explored in tropical environments but lack information in temperate regions. Following this rationale, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of seed inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense (herein called Azospirillum) alone or combined with Bradyrhizobium japonicum (herein called Bradyrhizobium) in a range of environments in the United States (US) for: (i) seed yield, (ii) relative abundance of ureides (RAU) as a proxy of SNF, and (iii) seed protein concentration. Twenty-five field studies across the US states with the same experimental design were performed during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. The primary outcomes of this research were: (i) yield responses to co-inoculation were considered significant in only 2 out of 25 site-years, (ii) RAU was not increased by Azospirillum inoculation or co-inoculation, and lastly, (iii) seed protein concentration was marginally associated with the inoculation strategies. Although Azospirillum did not impose remarkable gain in any observed plant traits, future studies should focus on mechanistically understanding whether Azospirillum can naturalize in temperate region soils. Still, strategies for enhancing SNF are required for sustainably improving productivity and quality for US soybean systems.

Is There a Place for an Individual Approach to Late Preterm Newborns According to Gestational Age?

Introduction: Late preterm infants (LPT) are at high risk for perinatal acute morbidity and mortality. This risk seems to be lower with increasing gestational age (GA). We aim to discuss if an individual approach to the LPT according to GA is justified. Materials and Methods: A secondary analysis of a retrospective study on antenatal corticosteroids in LPT birth was performed. Singleton, nonanomalous, delivered at 34–36 weeks infants born between January 1 2012, and December 31 2017 were included and classified into three groups according to GA at birth: 34+0 to 34+6 weeks; 35+0 to 35+6; 36+0 to 36+6. Primary outcomes included neonatal morbidity at birth and neonatal respiratory morbidity in the first 72 hours. Maternal demographic and obstetric data were analyzed as possible confounders. Results: From a total of 390 LPT, 58.4% were born at 36 weeks, 24.9% at 35 and 16.7% at 34. Respiratory morbidity was 7 times higher in 34w than in 36w neonates. Comparing with 36w, 34w neonates reported 2.6 times more jaundice and 9 times more NICU admission. Neonates born at 34 weeks were more likely to present, with statistical significance: need of oxygen supplementation at birth and in the first 72 hours of life; need for non-invasive respiratory support; RDS of newborn; TTN; NICU admission; prolonged hospital stay for more than seven days; need for nutrition through nasogastric tube; jaundice with need for phototherapy; sepsis evaluation; treatment with antibiotics; hypoglycemia. Respiratory and non-respiratory outcomes decreased with increasing GA. Discussion: These findings suggest that one week makes a difference in neonatal outcomes. Whenever possible efforts should be made to postpone preterm delivery. A discussion about individual approach to LPT according to GA should be raised. GA-specific guidelines could be justified to anticipate and prevent morbidity in perinatal life.

NUTRITIONAL STATUS SCREENING AND NUTRITION FULFILLMENT EDUCATION IN THE ADOLESCENT FOOTBALL CLUB IN KUBUTAMBAHAN VILLAGE

Background: Adolescent boys are an age group that needs special attention regarding the fulfillment of nutrition to support activity and growth. The sport activity that is often the choice of teenage boys is soccer. This type of sport requires excellent energy and is classified as a strenuous activity&#x0D; Purpose: This community service activity aims to carry out early detection of the nutritional status of teenage boys who are members of soccer sports clubs. This activity also provides education to athletes and coaches in Kubutambahan Village.&#x0D; Methods: This activity was carried out by conducting a physical examination related to anthropometry accompanied by counseling related to the nutrition of soccer athletes. Educational content related to nutrition before the competition, before the competition and after the competition.&#x0D; Results: All athletes of the U21 soccer club in Kubutambahan Village are at the age of 11-16 years. The total number of youth involved in this activity is 21 people. Most (85.71%) had normal nutritional status. While 9.5% are under nutrition and 4.79% are obese.&#x0D; Conclusion: Early detection of nutritional status in adolescents who are members of soccer clubs is important to do. Efforts to fulfill long-term nutrition need to involve parents and sponsors in order to realize a balanced nutritional composition.&#x0D;

An Overview on Spirullina Chocolate as Unique Nutraceutical

The aim of this work was to evaluate the spirulina dry biomass which is known as greater protein and amino acids source in blue green algae as an innovative ingredient for newly formulated produced chocolates for baby and children diets. Children have great need for nutrients such as calcium, iron, zinc, protein and vitamin B12. Spirulina satisfies your child’s nutritional need by providing all these nutrients as well as essential amino acids. Spirulina species has several pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, metalloprotective as well as immunostimulant and antioxidant effects due to its rich content of protein, polysaccharide, lipid, essential amino acids, dietary minerals and vitamins.

Nhu cầu chăm sóc phục hồi chức năng cho người bệnh thoái hóa cột sống thắt lưng tại Bệnh viện Y học Cổ Truyền

Objectives: Describe the needs and level of met needs for rehabilitation for patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD). Methods: The study used a cross- sectional descriptive design, data were collected from 150 inpatients with DDD in three departments of internal medicine, surgery, and acupuncture of the hospital. The assessment of needs and meeting the needs of the patient's rehabilitation is based on five types of needs (including rehabilitation for pain relief, rehabilitation for mobility for patients, postural rehabilitation, mental care and nutritional care for patients. Assessment of rehabilitation needs for patients with lower back pain is based on the criteria for diagnosis and treatment of patients with DDD according to the "Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of osteo-muscular diseases” by the Ministry of Health, the questionnaire includes a set of questions on five rehabilitation needs. The data were analyzed descriptively using software SPSS 20.0. Results: There were 89,47% of patients with all five groups of rehabilitation needs, the need for rehabilitation and pain relief accounted for 98%; meeting the needs for mobilization reached 79.33%; the need for postural rehabilitation accounted for 97,33%; mental care needs account for 80,00%, nutritional care need was 92,67%. Conclusion: The current needs of rehabilitations is high among patients in the traditional medicine hospital, accounting for 89,47%. Hospitals need to strengthen their response to nutritional care needs, postural rehabilitation needs, by improving the professional qualifications of medical staff, considering related policies so that patients can receive faster treatment. Keywords: Needs, care, rehabilitation, lumbar spine degeneration, Vietnam