Nutritional Risk Research Articles

Impact of adherence to oral nutritional supplements on nutrition status and muscle strength in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: A prospective observational longitudinal study.

Given the lack of evidence regarding the effects of adherence to oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and the types of formulas used in clinical practice, we aimed to assess the impact of adherence to ONS and the high-protein formula on the nutrition status and muscle strength in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. This study evaluated newly diagnosed outpatients with esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal cancer prescribed ONS. Nutrition status was assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), and muscle strength was assessed using handgrip strength (HGS) dynamometry. ONS adherence was calculated as the ratio of self-reported intake to the prescribed amount and categorized as ≥80% or <80%. A total of 54 patients were included. Most patients were ≥60 years of age (63%), were diagnosed with colorectal cancer (63%), were classified as stage III and IV (83%), and exhibited nutrition risk or malnutrition according to PG-SGA (89%). Patients with adherence ≥80% to ONS exhibited less weight loss and HGS reduction compared with patients with adherence <80% (P < 0.05). Although patients consuming a high-protein formula maintained HGS and those on a standard formula experienced a reduction, formula type did not predict HGS change in the multivariate analysis. ONS protein intake, adjusted for adherence, was a predictor of weight change (β: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02-0.2; P = 0.011). Patients with adherence ≥80% to ONS experienced less reduction in both weight and HGS, whereas those consuming a high-protein formula maintained HGS. Notably, ONS protein intake, adjusted for adherence, was an independent predictor of weight change.

The association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and KSD disease: results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018

BackgroundKidney stone disease (KSD) is a widespread problem in urology. But the associations between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), an important indicator for assessing the nutritional status of elderly hospitalized patients, and KSD are understudied.ObjectiveUtilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007–2018, our study analyzed the correlation between the GNRI and KSD prevalence at cross-sectional level. The aim of the study was to explore the association between GNRI and the prevalence of KSD to identify potential risk factors and inform prevention and management strategies for KSD.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data focusing on 26,803 adults (20–80 years) after screening for complete data. It evaluated GNRI, a formula involving albumin, present, and ideal body weight, stratifying participants into quartiles. The primary outcome was the history of KSD, based on self-reports. Covariates included demographic, health, and lifestyle factors. Statistical analysis employed t-tests, ANOVA, Wilcoxon, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with logistic regression modeling GNRI’s impact on KSD prevalence, assessing odds ratios and potential multicollinearity, and sensitivity analyses excluding individuals with low eGFR and adjusting cycle years.ResultsSignificant disparities are found in GNRI distributions between individuals with and without kidney stones. Higher GNRI levels are more common in kidney stone patients, with 39.249% in the highest quartile versus 33.334% in those without stones. Notably, those in the highest GNRI quartile (Q4) show a lower prevalence of kidney stone disease (KSD) than those in the lowest (Q1), with rates of 11.988% versus 8.631%, respectively (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Adjusted model results reveal that higher GNRI quartiles (Q3-Q4) correlate with reduced KSD prevalence, with odds ratios of 0.85 (95% CI [0.72, 1.00]) and 0.76 (95% CI [0.65, 0.89]). A nonlinear inverse relationship exists between GNRI levels and KSD prevalence across the population (P &amp;lt; 0.001), confirming that higher GNRI lowers KSD prevalence. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses support these findings.ConclusionThe study underscores a significant, albeit nonlinear, association between elevated GNRI levels and decreased KSD prevalence. This relationship highlights the importance of nutritional assessment and management in KSD prevention strategies.

Preoperative Nutritional Risk Associations with Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality Following Elective Cardiac Surgery

Preoperative Nutritional Risk Associations with Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality Following Elective Cardiac Surgery

Effectiveness of Coronary Artery Disease Health Education among the patients of Coronary Artery Disease in Tertiary Cardiac Centre

Background and Aims: Secondary prevention of coronary artery disease is vital in preventing the future cardiac events. Inadequate knowledge of the disease is related to non-compliance with the treatment therapy which directly results in disease progression and its complication. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of health education about coronary artery disease among the patients of coronary artery disease in a tertiary cardiac centre. Methods: A quantitative, prospective, interventional research design was designed to collect the data by non-probability convenience sampling method. Patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease and admitted in different wards of Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre were included. Data was collected from July 2022 to December 2022 in three phases: prior to health education; within 24 hours of health education and after 3 months. A semi structured face to face interview was used to collect data from the patients, which was then filled in the web-based questionnaire and appropriate statistical methods were used for analysis. Results: A total of 167 patients were enrolled during the study period. Only 145 (86.8%) patients completed the 3rd phase of data collection. There was a significant improvement in patients’ overall knowledge (P value; &lt;.01) as well as knowledge regarding medical (P value; &lt;.01), coronary artery disease risk factors (P value; &lt;.01), exercise (P value; &lt;.01), nutrition (P value; &lt;.01) and psychological risk (P value; &lt;.05). There was a significant improvement (P value; &lt;.01) related to behavior related characteristics like smoking, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption and physical activity. However, correlation between health behaviors and post intervention knowledge showed a non-significant weakly positive relation of knowledge with education (r=.081), whereas there was non-significant weakly negative relation with physical activity (r=-.0126). Conclusion: The educational intervention has significant improvement in level of knowledge and change in behavior pattern among the patients of coronary artery disease. This study demonstrates that targeted health education programs can lead to significant improvements in knowledge and behavior among coronary artery disease patients, potentially reducing hospital readmission rates and promoting better long-term disease management.

Clinical mechanism of muscle mass loss during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in older patients with esophageal cancer: a prospective cohort study.

In older patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC), loss of skeletal muscle mass during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is associated with poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass during NAC in older patients with LAEC. This was a single-center exploratory prospective cohort study. Consecutive patients aged ≥65years with LAEC scheduled for curative esophagectomy after NAC were enrolled between October 2021 and December 2023. As a primary endpoint, loss of skeletal muscle mass index (ΔSMI: pre-NAC minus post-NAC value) was calculated from computed tomography images before and after NAC. Significant pre-NAC and during-NAC factors with ΔSMI were detected with a multivariate regression model. Statistical significance was considered as two-tailed P <0.05. A total of 69 patients were analyzed. The mean age was 72.9years, and 53 (77%) were male. Mean SMI before and after NAC was 43.1 and 40.9cm2/m2, and mean ΔSMI was 2.2cm2/m2. In multivariate analysis, ΔSMI was associated with increased sitting time during NAC (per 1min/day, adjusted coefficient 0.007, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001 to 0.013, P = 0.016), decreased Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index during NAC (per 1 score, adjusted coefficient -0.146, 95% CI -0.213 to -0.013, P = 0.002), and worsening decreased appetite during NAC (vs. no worsening, adjusted coefficient 1.571, 95% CI 0.279 to 2.862, P = 0.018). It was hypothesized that the inactivity-related mechanism and malnutrition-related mechanism are important for skeletal muscle mass loss during NAC in older patients with LAEC.

Development and validation of a prognostic model for cachexia in postoperative gastric cancer patients with low nutritional risk: a dual-center retrospective cohort study.

Gastric cancer can lead to excessive catabolism in patients. After undergoing gastric surgery, patients may experience additional unintended weight loss, resulting in severe malnutrition and potentially cachexia. We selected and incorporated patients from two centers. Cohort 1 (n = 1393) served as the development cohort, while cohort 2 (n = 501) was designated as an external validation cohort. Within cohort 1, 70% of the patients were utilized for model training, with the remaining 30% reserved for internal validation. The training set initially underwent univariate logistic regression, followed by multivariate logistic regression. The factors ultimately incorporated were used to construct the model and create nomograms. The discriminative ability was assessed using ROC curves in all three datasets, calibration curves were used to evaluate consistency, and decision curves analysis was performed to assess the clinical application value. The model incorporated 12 factors, specifically: age (OR = 1.07), preoperative BMI (OR = 0.89), surgery type (Total Gastrectomy (TG), OR = 1.83), chemotherapy (yes, OR = 1.52), stage (III, OR = 1.40), anastomotic obstruction (yes, OR = 6.85), Postsurgical Gastroparesis Syndrome (PGS) (yes, OR = 2.27), albumin (OR = 0.95), hemoglobin (OR = 0.98), triglycerides (OR = 0.36), CRP (OR = 1.07), and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (OR = 1.05). The model demonstrated robust performance in ROC with AUC values of 0.805 in the training set, 0.767 in the validation set, and 0.795 in Cohort 2. Calibration curves in all three datasets exhibited a high degree of concordance between actual and predicted probabilities. Decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated that the model holds substantial clinical utility across all three datasets. We have developed a predictive model for cachexia in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery. This model enables healthcare professionals to accurately estimate the risk of cachexia in postoperative patients with nutritional deficits, allowing for timely nutritional interventions to enhance patient quality of life and prognosis.

Predictive values of four nutritional indices for adverse outcomes in patients with hypertension.

Malnutrition, evaluated by nutritional indices, is reportedly related to a poor prognosis in patients with hypertension. However, clinical evidence on which index is more suitable for predicting a kidney prognosis is limited, and it has not been evaluated in hypertension. The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the predictive values of four nutritional indices: Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI); Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI); Triglycerides × Total cholesterol × Body weight Index (TCBI); and the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score. A retrospective, cohort study of 1255 hypertensive patients under care in the Fukushima Cohort Study was conducted. The primary outcome was kidney events, defined as a combination of a 50% decline in eGFR from baseline and renal failure requiring dialysis therapy or kidney transplantation. Kaplan-Meier analyses and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between the four nutritional indices and kidney events. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the receiver-operating characteristic curves were also examined to compare the predictive values of these nutritional indices. Lower GNRI, lower PNI, and higher CONUT score were significantly related to a higher risk of kidney events. GNRI (AUC = 0.729, 95% confidence interval 0.681-0.777) and PNI (AUC = 0.710, 95% confidence interval 0.665-0.756) had significantly higher AUCs for kidney events than the TCBI and CONUT score. GNRI and PNI showed greater predictive values for kidney events than other nutritional indices in patients with hypertension.

Health outcomes reported by healthcare providers and clients of a community-based medically tailored meal program

BackgroundMedically tailored meal (MTM) programs provide home-delivered meals to people living with serious illness and poor nutritional status. Client outcome studies have found evidence of decreased healthcare utilization and cost savings associated with MTM program participation, and inconclusive evidence of change in health measures. The purpose of this study was to use a novel observational framework to describe the client profile and change in health outcomes using routinely collected health and program data from a community-based MTM program at MANNA (Philadelphia, PA).MethodsClients reported their self-rated health and experiences of food insecurity and malnutrition. Healthcare providers reported clients’ body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1C. These health outcomes, measured at program intake and 3–6 months later, were linked with administrative data for 1,959 clients who completed at least two months of MTM services in 2020, 2021, and 2022.ResultsClients exhibited substantial heterogeneity in demographics and health status at intake. Self-reported malnutrition risk decreased significantly over program duration (p < .001). Nearly one-third of clients with poor health reported improvement over time. Over 60% of clients with obesity experienced stable BMI. Clients with hypertension experienced significant improvements in systolic blood pressure (p < .001). Clients with diabetes and available data (n = 45) demonstrated significant reduction in hemoglobin A1C (p = .005).ConclusionWe found evidence that participation in MANNA’s MTM program was associated with favorable health outcomes for clients with serious illness and nutritional risk. Community-based organizations can maximize the completeness of their data by focusing on routinely collected internal data like validated health screeners and surveys.

Correlations between nutritional indicators and cognitive function in patients with stable schizophrenia in a hospital setting.

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, and it is now clear that there is a link between nutritional indicators and cognitive functioning. This study aimed to investigate correlations between three nutritional indicators (prognostic nutritional index [PNI], geriatric nutritional risk index [GNRI], and controlling nutritional status score [CONUT]) and cognitive function in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia. A total of 235 patients who were hospitalized with stable schizophrenia were included. Patient demographic information was collected through self-reports or electronic medical records, and cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in China (MoCA-C). Information on serum albumin and total cholesterol levels, lymphocyte counts, and body mass index during the stable stage of schizophrenia was collected to calculate the PNI, GNRI, and CONUT scores, according to their respective calculation criteria. Covariate-adjusted linear regression model and ordered logistic regression model were constructed to determine the relationship between nutritional indicators and cognitive function. Overall, 90.2% of the patients were under the age of 60 years, and males comprised 60% of all patients. The median scores for MoCA-C, PNI, GNRI, and CONUT in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia were 18 (12,23), 52.85 (50.25,55.90), 110.85 (105.80,116.21), and 3 (3,3), respectively. The results of the correlation analysis showed that only PNI was associated with MoCA-C scores (r = 0.15, P = 0.021). This relationship was further confirmed by covariate-adjusted linear regression modeling (β = 0.147, 95%CI:0.049-0.351, p = 0.01) and ordered logistic regression modeling (OR = 0.054, 95%CI:0.001-0.106, p = 0.046). The findings revealed a significant correlation between PNI scores and MoCA-C scores in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia.

Assessment of sestrin 2 as a sepsis marker and predictor of disease severity

Introduction Sestrin 2 is considered a stress-inducible antioxidant protein. This study was aimed to evaluate sestrin 2 in subjects with sepsis, and its correlation with clinical severity and mortality. Methods Sepsis and control group patients were followed from admission to discharge. A blood sample was taken at admission for determination of serum sestrin 2 level. Results Of the total 42 patients with sepsis, there were 25 females and the mean age was 74.9 years. The sestrin 2 levels were significantly higher in the sepsis group. The optimum sestrin 2 cut-off point of ≥3.13 ng/mL had 95.2% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity for sepsis (p < .001). Sestrin 2 levels were higher in patients who needed renal replacement therapy (p = .018), patients who needed vasopressor therapy (p = .001) and patients with organ dysfunction (p = .002). The sestrin 2 level was significantly correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill (NUTRIC) Score, C-reactive protein and albumin. Sestrin 2 levels were not associated with 30 d mortality in sepsis patients. Conclusions Sestrin 2 was significantly higher in the sepsis patients and associated with sepsis related adverse clinical outcomes. These results provided information concerning the clinical utility of sestrin 2.

A retrospective cohort study on the association between nutritional status and prognosis in COVID-19 patients with severe and critical infection.

To evaluate the relationship between nutritional scoring systems, nutritional support methods, and the prognosis of severe and critically ill patients infected with the Omicron variant of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with confirmed Omicron variant severe and critical COVID-19, who were admitted to Chongqing Medical University First Hospital between December 2022 and January 2023, were enrolled into this retrospective study. Clinical data of patients who survived for 28 days were compared with those who died during the same period. Nutritional status was assessed using the 2002 Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) tool and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). Factors influencing patient mortality were identified by multivariate logistic regression, and the relationship between patient nutrition and mortality as the disease progressed was illustrated using Kaplan-Meier curves. The study was registered on the ChiCTR platform (No. ChiCTR2300067595). A total of 508 patients were included (349 survivors and 159 non-survivors). Significant differences were found in sex, age, NRS score, PNI score, albumin level, lymphocyte count, chronic comorbidities, mechanical ventilation, neutrophil count, procalcitonin, and platelet count between survivors and non-survivors. Multivariate analysis revealed that high NRS score (OR 3.87, 95% CI, 1.97, 7.63), fourth-level nutritional support (combined enteral and parenteral nutrition; OR 7.89, 95% CI, 1.32, 47.28), chronic comorbidities (OR 4.03, 95% CI, 1.91, 8.51), and mechanical ventilation (OR 6.03, 95% CI, 3, 12.13) were risk factors for mortality (OR > 1). The malnutrition rate among patients with NRS ≥ 3 was 41.93%. The median (interquartile range) PNI score was 38.20 (35.65, 41.25) for survivors versus 32.65 (29.65, 36.58) for non-survivors. The mortality rate was higher in patients with high nutritional risk within 28 days of hospitalization. The descending order for mortality rate in patients receiving different nutritional support was: dual parenteral and enteral nutrition, no nutritional intervention, single enteral nutrition, and single parenteral nutrition. A high proportion of severe and critically ill patients with COVID-19 experience malnutrition, and various factors are associated with their prognosis. High nutritional risk is significantly related to patient mortality. Early assessment using NRS or PNI is crucial for these patients, and personalized interventions should be implemented to improve overall nutritional status, maintain organ function, and enhance the body's antiviral defence.

Impact of perioperative high-protein nutritional support on the quality of life of patients with primary lung cancer: a Russian prospective multicenter comparative study (NUTRILUNC study)

BACKGROUND: Individuals over the age of 70 comprise over half of operable patients with stage 0–IIIA lung cancer. In the early postoperative period of this cohort, pain, fatigue, insomnia, and/or mood disturbances are the four most common symptoms, which can significantly diminish quality of life and functional status. Perioperative nutritional support in such patients, which enhances exercise tolerance, can have a positive impact on their quality of life and socialization. AIM: To assess the effect of perioperative nutritional support using high-protein oral nutrition supplements on the general health and quality of life of non-small cell lung cancer patients during the postoperative period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer (n=112, 69 males), aged 57.2±8.2, who were awaiting lung surgery and at risk of malnutrition (Nutritional Risk Screening Assessment 2002 score ≥3) were randomly assigned into two groups. Oral nutritional support (Nutridrink Compact Protein, Nutricia LLC) was administered to the study group (n=55) at a rate of 250 ml/d (36 g of protein, 612 kcal) for 14 days prior to and 14 days following the surgery, in addition to the standard diet. Control group patients (n=57) were provided a standard diet. The quality of life was assessed using the Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Differences were considered significant at p ≤0.05. RESULTS: Throughout the entire observation period, the study group exhibited superior growth indicators in terms of general health status, physical, and role functioning than the control group (p 0.05). The study group patients exhibited a propensity toward improved emotional functioning, and by the end of the study, weakness and insomnia were less pronounced (p 0.05). Other indicators did not exhibit any significant variations. CONCLUSION: Нigh-protein perioperative oral nutrition supplements exert a positive impact on the quality of life of non-small cell lung cancer patients.

The Association between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Sarcopenia in American Adults Aged 45 and Older

The Association between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Sarcopenia in American Adults Aged 45 and Older

Nutritional risk index as a prognostic factor in endometrial cancer patients receiving treatment with immunotherapy

Nutritional risk index as a prognostic factor in endometrial cancer patients receiving treatment with immunotherapy

Association between nutritional status indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in older adults: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018.

While previous studies have identified a relationship between dietary intake and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the influence of overall nutritional status on NAFLD development has not been thoroughly investigated. This study sought to explore the association between different nutritional status indicators and NAFLD among the older adults. Nutritional status was evaluated using controlling nutritional status (CONUT), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and nutritional risk index (GNRI), while NAFLD was identified based on a controlled attenuation parameter ≥ 285 dB/m, measured using transient elastography. The analysis included multivariate regression, receiver operating characteristic analysis, eXtreme Gradient Boosting and subgroup analysis to investigate the relationships between nutritional status indices and NAFLD. The study enrolled 1409 participants for the main analysis, with an NAFLD prevalence of 44·7 %. After accounting for potential confounders, a positive association between PNI and NAFLD was observed. Participants in the third and fourth quartiles of PNI showed increased odds of NAFLD compared with the lowest quartile (Q3: OR = 1·45, 95 % CI (1·03, 2·05); Q4: OR = 2·27, 95 % CI (1·59, 3·24)). Similarly, higher GNRI quartiles were significantly associated with greater odds of NAFLD (Q4 v. Q1: aOR = 1·84; 95 % CI (1·28, 2·65)). Conversely, higher CONUT values were linked to a reduced prevalence of NAFLD (OR = 0·65, 95 % CI (0·48, 0·87)). This study highlights that suboptimal nutritional status, indicating overnutrition as evaluated by PNI, GNRI and CONUT, is positively linked with the risk of NAFLD in individuals aged 50 years and above.

Uptitration of Sacubitril/Valsartan and Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure - Insight From the REVIEW-HF Registry.

Guideline-directed medical therapy has become an important component of heart failure (HF) therapy, with sacubitril/valsartan as one of the recommended drugs; however, the real-world prognostic implications of sacubitril/valsartan uptitration are unclear. Patients with HF newly initiated on sacubitril/valsartan were registered in a retrospective multicenter study (REVIEW-HF). In all, 995 patients were divided into 3 groups according to the maximum dose achieved: high dose, sacubitril/valsartan 400 mg; intermediate dose, sacubitril/valsartan 200-<400 mg; and low dose, sacubitril/valsartan <200 mg. A total of 397 (39.9%) patients received high-dose sacubitril/valsartan; they had a significantly lower risk of mortality or HF hospitalization than patients in the low-dose (hazard ratio [HR] 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29-0.53; P<0.001) and intermediate-dose (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.45-0.94; P=0.03) groups. In the multivariable Cox regression model, higher systolic blood pressure and maintained geriatric nutritional risk index were significantly associated with a higher incidence of achieving a high dose of sacubitril/valsartan. Patients who did not receive high-dose sacubitril/valsartan experienced more hypotension during the follow-up period, whereas hyperkalemia, severe renal events, and angioedema did not differ across the achieved dose classifications. Patients who achieved sacubitril/valsartan uptitration had a better prognosis than those who did not. Before sacubitril/valsartan uptitration, patients need to monitor blood pressure closely to prevent worsening events.

Nutritional Risk, Nutritional Status and Some Biochemical Parameters In Adult Burn Patients in Burn Intensive Care Unit: A Prospective Study

Nutritional therapy is very important in burn patients and plays a role in the prevention and treatment of malnutrition. Therefore, it is necessary to assess nutritional status, prevent or minimize nutritional problems, and monitor nutritional therapy. This study was conducted to determine the nutritional risk, nutritional status and biochemical parameters of adult burn patients in the burn intensive care unit. The 59 patients (women: 16, men: 43) between the ages of 19-64 were included in the study. Parameters such as NRS-2002 (admission and discharge), dietary intake, nutritional support status, serum albumin, and total protein (admission and discharge) were evaluated to determine the nutritional risk and nutritional status of the patients. In addition, body weight, mid-upper arm circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness were measured and body mass index was calculated (admission and discharge). The duration of hospitalization and burn percentage of men patients were higher than women (P &lt; 0.05). A significant decreases were determined in the mean body weight, body mass index, and triceps skinfold thickness of men patients at discharge compared to admission (P &lt; 0.05). In men patients, a statistically significant difference was found in serum albumin, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values between admission and discharge (P &lt; 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in NRS-2002 scores at admission and discharge in both genders, and the scores increased (P &lt; 0.05). While a significant relationship was found between immunonutrition support and gender (P &lt; 0.05), no relationship was found between genders in terms of the diet given and the consumption status of the diet intake (P &gt; 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between genders in terms of feeding duration with nutritional support products, energy intake with nutritional support products and diet, macronutrients, and total energy expenditure values (P &gt; 0.05). Since burn injuries can cause serious metabolic disorders, impaired nutritional status was encountered during hospitalization. While the treatment process was positively affected by the increase in the NRS-2002 score during hospitalization, a decrease in parameters such as albumin, total protein, and anthropometric measurement values brought about by the catabolic process was encountered. Therefore, to prevent or treat malnutrition, the nutritional status of patients should be evaluated at the time of hospitalization and they should be able to receive the necessary nutritional support.

Poor nutrition doubles post-COVID-19 syndrome risk in cancer patients: insights from a Chinese multicentre study

BackgroundSince 2019, approximately 760 million SARS-CoV-2 cases have been reported globally, with post-COVID-19 syndrome posing significant challenges for cancer patients due to their immunosuppressed status and poor nutritional conditions. The role of nutritional status in influencing their infection risk and post-COVID-19 outcomes remains unclear, underscoring the need for targeted research and strategies.ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of baseline nutritional status on SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of post-COVID-19 syndrome in cancer patients.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023 in four tertiary hospitals across China. Cancer inpatients aged 18 years and older were enrolled and classified into two groups based on their Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) scores. The correlation between SARS-CoV-2 infection, post-COVID-19 syndrome and nutritional status were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsAmong 834 eligible cancer patients, 10.8% were in the high nutritional risk group (NRS ≥ 3). The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 58.8% (95% confidence interval, CI: 56.8–60.8%), and post-COVID-19 syndrome was 21.0% (95% CI: 10.4–14.4%). After adjusting for confounding factors, the high nutritional risk group had a significantly higher prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome compared to the low nutritional risk group (32.7% vs. 19.5%, AOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.23–4.54, p = 0.010). However, no significant difference in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates was found between the two groups (61.1% vs. 58.5%, AOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.70–1.80; p = 0.634).InterpretationPoor baseline nutritional status in cancer patients is associated with a higher prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome, providing preliminary information on post-COVID-19 syndrome in this population. These findings underscore the importance of adequate nutritional management in cancer patients, particularly during pandemic recurrences.

POLA KONSUMSI DAN STATUS NUTRISI PADA REMAJA

Various health problems in adolescents are related to meeting balanced nutritional needs. For both boys and girls, nutritional problems that often occur in other teenagers include underweight, overweight/obesity, and anemia. This study identified the food consumption patterns of male and female students and their nutritional status using a cross-sectional design. The sample calculation used total sampling and obtained 33 students. The collection technique is carried out using the convenience method. The instrument used was the Student Consumption Patterns questionnaire and the data was analyzed using chi-square. The research results showed that 57.6% had poor consumption patterns. A nutritional monitoring program for adolescents is needed which includes maintaining nutritional status, consumption patterns and risk factors related to nutrition. Persuasive health education is needed by utilizing electronic media which is currently widely accessed, especially by teenagers.

Feasibility of a multifaceted nutrition-risk screening tool for mental health settings: the NutriMental screener.

People living with mental illness report a broad spectrum of nutrition risks, beyond malnutrition, but appropriate and adequately validated nutrition risk screening tools for mental health settings are lacking. This study aimed to develop a nutrition-risk screening tool, the NutriMental Screener, and to perform preliminary feasibility and validity testing. In an international, stakeholder engaging approach, a multifaceted nutrition-risk screening tool for mental health services was developed by means of workshops with international stakeholders and two online surveys. Feasibility of the NutriMental screener was tested as part of a research study in Switzerland with 196 participants, evenly distributed across the three study groups (sixty-seven outpatients and sixty-five inpatients with psychotic or depressive disorders as well as sixty-four controls without mental illness). The NutriMental screener consists of ten items covering different nutritional issues that indicate the need for referral to a dietitian or clinical nutritionist. Almost all patients (94·7 %) reported at least one nutrition risk by means of the NutriMental screener. Prevalence for nutrition risks via NutriMental screener was higher in patients than in controls. Almost every second patient expressed a desire for nutritional support (44·7 %). After further validity testing is completed, there is the potential for the NutriMental Screener to replace malnutrition screening tools as routine screening in various mental health settings aiming to organise nutritional therapy prescriptions in a more targeted and efficient manner.