Soil Nutrient Status Research Articles

Effects of salinity on soil properties of coastal areas of Bagerhat and Pirojpur districts

A study was conducted to observe the soil properties under naturally occurring saline soil conditions in Bagerhat and Pirojpur. Soil samples at 0-20 cm depth were collected from Bagerhat sadar and Khachua upazila under Bagerhat district and Projpur sadar and Nazirpur upazila under Projpur district. Observations were made on soil pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity (CEC), electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), total N, available P, S and exchangeable K, Ca, Na and Mg contents. Result indicates that pH value ranged from 6.70 to 7.40 and 6.60 to 7.79, organic matter 1.75 to 3.61% and 1.57 to 2.90 %, total N 0.11 to 0.18% and 0.08 to 0.97 %, available P 7.40 to 39.18 mg/kg and 2.92 to 23.40 mg/kg and 0.20 to 1.04%, available S 15.53 to 66.82 mg/kg and 3.50 to 35.53 mg/kg in Bagerhat and Pirojpur districts, respectively. In Bagerhat and Pirojpur districts, EC varied from 2.84 to 7.10 ds/m and 1.16 to 4.90 ds/m, CEC 9.77 to 36.35 and 10.34 to 48.70 meq100g-1 soils, exchangeable Na 0.62 to 2.80 meq100g-1 soil and 0.75 to 2.11 meq100g-1 soil, exchangeable K 4.20 to 22.68 meq100g-1soil and 3.64 to 41.04 meq100g-1 soil, exchangeable Ca 0.84 to 8.37 meq100g-1 and 0.80 to 17.82 meq100g-1, exchangeable Mg 0.13 to 0.60 meq100g-1 soil 0.17 to 0.38 meq100g-1 soil and ESP 4.36 to 11.72 and 3.12 to 7.34, respectively. In Bagerhat, a positive significant correlation of CEC was found with total N, K, EC, Na, K, Ca and Mg contents. In Pirojpur, a negative significant correlation of CEC was found with OM, S and Na contents. The paired shows that S, EC, CEC, K, Ca and ESP will significant between the two locations. These results would be useful for predicting crop production and varietal response to soil nutrient conditions and developing fertilizer management in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Agri. 2022, 47(2): 143-160

Soil Nutrient Content Analysis of Newly-Increased Farmland in the Process of Land Consolidation In Shaanxi Province, China

The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of soil nutrient content of newly increased cultivated land in land consolidation, and identify the main factors affecting the productivity of newly increased cultivated land. The soil samples of 101 newly added cultivated land in northern, central and southern Shaanxi were collected, and their pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents were measured to analyze the soil nutrient status. The results indicated that the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the newly increased cultivated land were 0.21~23.63 g/kg, 0.20~8.27 g/kg, 2.34~34.16 mg/kg and 51~220 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the nutrient grading standard of the second national soil survey, the content of soil nutrients in the newly increased cultivated land was relatively low, basically at the level of four to six. It was also revealed that Tte soil nutrient content of newly increased cultivated land in Shaanxi Province is greatly affected by the original land use types in northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong, and the soil nutrient difference in southern Shaanxi is mainly caused by the random changes among plots in the same region; The variance test showed that there were significant differences in soil pH organic matter and available potassium at 0.05 level, but no significant differences in soil total nitrogen and available phosphorus at 0.05 level. (3) It can be seen from the correlation analysis that among the nutrient indicators of the newly increased farmland in Shaanxi, pH organic matter has a significant negative correlation, and organic matter available potassium and available phosphorus available potassium have a very significant correlation. The correlation between soil nutrients in the newly increased farmland is weak, and the coordination between nutrients is poor. The low content of organic matter in soil is the main reason for low fertility. In the later stage of utilization, it is necessary to promote straw returning technology through the reasonable application of organic inorganic fertilizer and the application of soil testing formula fertilization technology, so as to finally realize the stable and high yield of newly added farmland. Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(4): 1017-1028, 2022 (December) Special

Novel Weighting Method for Evaluating Forest Soil Fertility Index: A Structural Equation Model.

Understanding nutrient quantity and quality in forest soils is important for sustainable management of forest resources and maintaining forest ecosystem services. In this study, six soil nutrient indicators, including soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) were measured in five different aged stands of Chinese fir forests in subtropical China. A structural equation model (SEM) was developed based on these soil nutrients indicators in order to better evaluate the soil fertility index (SFI) in these studied forests. The results show that soil nutrient contents changed with the soil depth in different age groups. The SOM decreased in a specific order: over mature > mature > near mature > middle > young stands. The TN content of the soil gradually decreased with increased soil depth throughout all age groups. The SEM indicated that the TN had the highest weight of 0.4154, while the TP had the lowest weight at 0.1991 for estimating the SFI. The weights of other indicators (AN, SOM, AP, and AK) ranged 0.2138−0.3855 in our study. The established SEM satisfied the fitness reference values and was able to accurately describe the forest soil nutrient status through the SFI. The overall SFI values were significantly higher in over mature stands than in young-aged stands and in topsoil than in deeper soil in all examined forests. Soil TN, AP, and AK were the most important nutrient indicators to the evaluation of the SFI in the study sites. The results confirmed that the SEM was suitable to estimate the weights of the SFI and better describe the soil nutrient status in forests. Our research provides an innovative approach to assess a soil nutrient status and soil fertility and provides a scientific basis for accurate implementation of soil nutrient assessment in forest ecosystems.

Economics and fertility status of organic and inorganic fertilizer-applied soil in sweet corn (Zea mays) cultivation

A rainfed field experiment was laid out during the rainy season of 2019 at the Research farm of Raj Mohini Devi College of Agriculture and Research Station, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on economic viability and residual nutrient status of soil in sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata). The experiment comprised 2 sources of organic manures, viz. vermicompost and FYM together with no organic manure and 3 levels of fertilizers, viz. 50%, 75% and 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (120, 60 & 40 kg N, P and K/ha respectively) and replicated trice. The result showed that, the application of 3 t vermicompost/ha resulted in the highest growth and yield attributes as well as cob and fodder yields, followed by 5 t FYM/ha and both these treatments proved significantly superior to no organic manure. However, 100% RDF recorded higher value of these parameters and was found significantly superior to 75% and 50% RDF. The highest dehusked cob yield (14.9 t/ha) and net returns (` 147,265.2/ha) were obtained with 3.0 t vermicompost/ha + 100% RDF. Different organic sources did not cause any significant effect on available N, P and K but significantly enhanced organic carbon content of the soil. Nutrient levels had significant effect on available N, P and K of the soil at harvesting.

Effects of Betula platyphylla invasion in North China on soil aggregate stability, soil organic carbon and active carbon composition of larch plantation

In order to better understand the changes of soil carbon sequestration capacity in forest after forest mixing, the effects of broadleaf tree invasion on soil aggregate stability and carbon sequestration were studied. In northern China, the pure Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations and the Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations invaded by Betula platyphylla at various degrees with the same site conditions were selected (Betula platyphylla had mixed degrees of 0.2 and 0.4). The distribution and stability of soil aggregates were analyzed, and soil organic carbon and active carbon components were determined. The distribution of soil macroaggregates (> 0.25 mm) increased with the increase in the mixed degree of Betula platyphylla. The mixture of Betula platyphylla could effectively increased SOC, EOC, DOC and MBC of the original soil and soil aggregates of different diameter classes. The invasion of Betula platyphylla had a positive indirect impact on soil carbon sequestration by affecting the soil physical and chemical properties and the aggregate stability. The invasion of Betula platyphylla had significant positive effects on soil aggregate stability, erosion resistance and soil nutrient status in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation. Maybe the selection of suitable broadleaf mixed species can improve the soil quality and soil organic carbon sequestration of the Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in this area.

Influence of molybdenum application on soil nutrient status and uptake by cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) in an Acid Alfisol soil

A field investigation was carried out to evaluate the impact of molybdenum (Mo) application on the yield and nutrient status of cauliflower in an acid Alfisol. The experiment comprised eleven treatments, replicated thrice in a randomized block design (RBD). The highest marketable yield of 558.8 g plant-1 was recorded in treatment with a recommended dose of NPK + FYM, with an increase of 29.1 percent over control (T1). The same treatment enhanced the uptake of macro-and micronutrients. Mo application positively influenced the curd productivity and soil nutrient status, with the conjoint application (soil plus foliar) out performing other treatments. In conclusion, cauliflower crop grown on Mo deficient soil responds positively to its conjoint application (soil plus foliar). However, the sole foliar application of Mo @0.1% recorded the highest apparent nutrient recovery (ANR) and bioaccumulation factor (BAF), with corresponding values of 2.2% and 41.2, respectively.

Patterns and controls of foliar nutrient stoichiometry and flexibility across United States forests.

Plant element stoichiometry and stoichiometric flexibility strongly regulate ecosystem responses to global change. Here, we tested three potential mechanistic drivers (climate, soil nutrients, and plant taxonomy) of both using paired foliar and soil nutrient data from terrestrial forested National Ecological Observatory Network sites across the USA. We found that broad patterns of foliar nitrogen (N) and foliar phosphorus (P) are explained by different mechanisms. Plant taxonomy was an important control over all foliar nutrient stoichiometries and concentrations, especially foliar N, which was dominantly related to taxonomy and did not vary across climate or soil gradients. Despite a lack of site-level correlations between N and environment variables, foliar N exhibited intraspecific flexibility, with numerous species-specific correlations between foliar N and various environmental factors, demonstrating the variable spatial and temporal scales on which foliar chemistry and stoichiometric flexibility can manifest. In addition to plant taxonomy, foliar P and N:P ratios were also linked to soil nutrient status (extractable P) and climate, especially actual evapotranspiration rates. Our findings highlight the myriad factors that influence foliar chemistry and show that broad patterns cannot be explained by a single consistent mechanism. Furthermore, differing controls over foliar N versus P suggests that each may be sensitive to global change drivers on distinct spatial and temporal scales, potentially resulting in altered ecosystem N:P ratios that have implications for processes ranging from productivity to carbon sequestration.

Climatic Variability Determines the Biological Diversity and Function of a Mixed Forest in Northeastern China at the Local-Scale

The adaptation to climatic variability and spatiotemporal distinctions in floristic and microbial assembly is important in forest ecology, especially in the context of biological diversity and functional traits. We investigated climatic variables, plant traits, edaphic properties, and microbial dimensions from various plots with an elevation gradient in a broad-leaved-Korean pine mixed forest. With increasing elevation, isothermality significantly increased; however, temperature and precipitation seasonality, as well as the mean temperature of the warmest quarter, significantly declined. Furthermore, high elevation sites were characterized by increased stand basal areas (Ba) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) tree abundance but featured decreases in the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees and the values of community-weighted mean (CWM) foliar traits (e.g., leaf area, leaf nitrogen content and leaf phosphorus content). Moreover, soil nutrient status, fungal and bacterial diversity indices, fungal saprotrophs, and bacterial function groups related to nitrite oxidation, ammonia oxidation, and nitrate denitrification were all negatively correlated to the elevation increment. In contrast, high elevation sites were characterized by enhanced EM growth and bacterial nitrogen fixation groups. Correlation analysis showed that the microbial diversity and relative abundances of microbial functional groups in soil were significantly influenced by climatic variability, CWM foliar traits and soil nutrient status. These findings demonstrate that the forces driving biological processes along climatic gradients are predictably in tandem with, but related to different extents, to the spatial compartmentalization of climatic variability in forest ecosystems at local scales.

Profitability and Soil Nutrient Status of Brinjal under Organic and Conventional Production Systems in Tamil Nadu

The study analyzed the input use patterns, soil nutrient status, costs, and returns of brinjal under organic and conventional production systems in Tamil Nadu. Purposive sampling was employed to select the sample respondents. A total of 86 respondents were selected for the present study. Soil samples were analysed to examine the nutrient status in both the organic and conventional fields. The results showed that the amount spent (Rs.15389 /ha) on inorganic inputs by conventional farmers was found to be higher than an organic inputs spent by organic farmers. The analysis of soil nutrient status in both the production systems revealed that the availability of total major nutrient was higher in organic fields ranging from 34-53 per cent over conventional fields. The total cost of cultivation of organic brinjal was lower in organic fields than conventional field by Rs. 15732/- per hectare. Yield was 1660 kg lower in organic farms than conventional farms. However, net return per ha from brinjal cultivation under organic methods was found to be higher than conventional method by Rs. 45981/-. This is mainly due to higher price for produce, and reduction in cost of cultivation. It is evident that organic farming helps to achieve higher profitability and also to enhance soil fertility due to the use organic inputs.

Effect of iron and zinc enriched organics on available nutrient status of soil after harvest of potato in loamy sand

Effect of iron and zinc enriched organics on available nutrient status of soil after harvest of potato in loamy sand

Mapping of soil properties using geographic information systems (on the example of Tashkent region)

The article analyzes the options for mapping soil properties using GIS systems. The perspectives on the use of GIS in the efficient mapping of soil mechanical content, agrochemical, and salinization characteristics are given. The study is conducted for irrigated sierozem soils of the Parkent district of Tashkent region. The basis of the research is the analysis of soil map data of the study areas, and the generalization of the results of soil-cartographic, laboratory, and cameral-analytical studies, which were conducted by commonly use methodological instructions. As a result of the research, digital thematic maps were created for the selected areas, such as various thematic maps, such as soil mechanical composition, soil nutrient status, and salinity maps.

Smart Soil Property Analysis Using IoT: A Case Study Implementation in Backyard Gardening

Crop growth and the agricultural ecosystem are both affected by inappropriate soil fertility ranges. Soil fertility management practices help to efficient use of fertilizer and organic compost and selecting appropriate crops based on soil conditions. But, farmers randomly applied fertilizers without analysing their soil nutrients status. These unbalanced agrochemical inputs contaminate agricultural resources. Laboratory soil analysis procedures help to track soil fertility status. However, the laboratory soil analysis practices are insufficient for Indian farmers. Recent research and development show an On-field soil property monitoring system. Furthermore, internet-based soil fertility monitoring aids farmers in increasing productivity and optimizing resources. This paper presents the prototype based on a smart soil fertility prediction system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The prototype model was tested and analysed on home gardening application and monitoring the spinach crop growth. This soil fertility prediction system encourages cost-effective direct field measurement in agriculture. To test the accuracy of the prototype, the sensor result was compared with the laboratory analysis result. For soil pH measurements the sensor result is 6 and the laboratory test result is 6.7. similarly, for soil EC measurement the sensor value is 0.48 and the laboratory result is 0.64. The soil pH and EC comparison results show that only a slight variation is present between the sensor and laboratory value i.e for pH 0.7 % and EC 0.16% difference are present. The analysed result shows that the proposed prototype model is efficient for on-field monitoring in gardening. Further, the measured data are stored in the cloudMQTT server, and they can be utilized for ago decision-making applications.

Organic fertilizer decomposed with biofilm biofertilizer to nutrients status and yield of shallot on acid and alkaline soil

The use of organic fertilizer in organic farming increases carbon sequestration so will reduce CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and impact of global warming. Research aims to study the effect of biofilm biofertilizer (BiO2) formulas and organic fertilizer dosages on soil nutrients status and shallot yield in acid (Alfisol) and alkaline (Vertisol), Experiment was conducted in field with two treatment factors says BiO2 formula (F0, F1, F2, and F3) and doses of organic fertilizer composted with biofilm biofertilizers i.e 0, 10 and 20 tonha-1 (D0, D10, and D20). As a comparison treatment was NPK at a rate of 200 kg urea, 200 kg ZA, 400 kg SP-36 and 250 kg KCl per hectare). The observed variables include available-P, exchangeable-K and shallot bulb weights. Data analyzed by ANOVA followed by DMRT at 95% level confidence. The dose of organic fertilizer increased significantly of observed variables, while the formula of BiO2 was not. The application of organic fertilizer at 20 tonha-1 increased available-P, exchangeable-K and weight of shallot bulbs on Vertisols and Alfisols. Compared to the NPK fertilizer treatment, the application of 20 tonha-1 organic fertilizer provided higher shallot yield on Alfisol soil but lower on Vertisol soil. It need further reseacr to identified the factor causing lower yield on Vertisol.

Response of direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) to varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status in Nagaland

Response of direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) to varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status in Nagaland

Evaluating the Effects of Sustainable Chemical and Organic Fertilizers with Water Saving Practice on Corn Production and Soil Characteristics

The rapidly growing world population, water shortage, and food security are promising problems for sustainable agriculture. Farmers adopt higher irrigation and fertilizer applications to increase crop production resulting in environmental pollution. This study aimed to identify the long-term effects of intelligent water and fertilizers used in corn yield and soil nutrient status. A series of field experiments were conducted for six years with treatments as: farmer accustomed to fertilization used as control (CON), fertilizer decrement (KF), fertilizer decrement + water-saving irrigation (BMP1); combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer + water-saving irrigation (BMP2), and combined application of controlled-release fertilizer (BMP3). A significant improvement was observed in soil organic matter (14.9%), nitrate nitrogen (106.7%), total phosphorus (23.9%), available phosphorus (26.2%), straw yield (44.8%), and grain yield (54.7%) with BMP2 treatment as compared to CON. The study concludes that integrating chemical and organic fertilizers with water-saving irrigation (BMP2) is a good approach to increasing corn productivity, ensuring water safety and improving soil health. The limitations of the current study include the identification of fertilizer type and its optimum dose, irrigation water type, and geographical position.

Do admixed conifers change soil nutrient conditions of European beech stands?

Context Establishing mixed forest stands is an option for improving soil nutrient conditions and for increasing the resilience of forest ecosystems. Aims Identify the effects on soil chemistry of spruce and Douglas fir admixed in European beech forest. Methods We analysed pure and mixed species stands in Germany. The pure stands were mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), and Norway spruce (Picea abies). The mixtures were composed of beech with either Douglas fir or spruce. The stands were located in two regions with different soil conditions. Results Our results indicated that pure spruce stands, independent of site condition, had the lowest base saturation while beech showed the highest values. The impact of Douglas fir differed between site conditions. On sandy soils, there was higher pH and base saturation under Douglas fir than under spruce. On loamy soils, however, the pH under Douglas fir and beech was lower than under spruce. The cation stocks (Ca and Mg) on sandy soils were lower under spruce and spruce/beech stands than under Douglas fir and beech. In contrast, under loamy soil, exchangeable Ca and Mg stocks were less under beech than under spruce stands. Soil exchangeable K under mixed stands was among the highest compared to pure stands, independent of site condition. Conclusions Mixed species stands reduce soil base cation depletion compared to conifer stands. Implications Admixture of Douglas fir to European beech seems to be a more reasonable option for forest management than an admixture of spruce, since it does not negatively affect soil chemistry.

高寒条件下根际环境对极小种群大理白前竞争能力的影响

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 高寒条件下根际环境对极小种群大理白前竞争能力的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202203270754 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 第四次全国中药资源普查(2019PC001) Effects of rhizosphere environment on the competitive ability of extremely small population of Cynanchum forrestii Schltr under alpine conditions Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources (Grant No. 2019PC001) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:大理白前(Cynanchum forrestii Schltr)是中国无危极小种群野生植物,研究高寒环境下大理白前-根际土壤系统的化学计量特征及其元素吸收,有助于解析极小种群的生存策略及其对环境的适应能力。以川西九龙县高寒草甸中的大理白前为对象,研究了其种群特征、光合色素特性、植物体和土壤的化学元素、根际土/非根际土的养分和细菌多样性。结果表明:与非根际土相比,根际土P、C/P和N/P较高而C/N较低,有机质(SOM)、全磷(TP)、全氮(TN)、速效氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)增加;大理白前根际土P与茎的N、C/P、N/P呈正相关,而与P、C/N呈负相关。高通量测序表明,根际土/非根际土的优势细菌包括6个类群。根际土的变形菌门、芽单胞菌门相对丰度较高,而酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、厚壁菌门的相对丰度较低,拟杆菌门相对丰度降低了45.53%,变形菌门相对丰度增加了32.89%。RDA分析结果显示,变形菌门相对丰度与土壤C、N、P呈正相关。在高寒草甸中,大理白前株丛呈均匀分布,平均株高(27 cm)高于群落其他植物的平均水平,地上生物量占比高达41.24%,种群密度和生态位宽度较大;随着株高增加,叶面积增大,光合色素含量和Chla/Chlb先增加后下降,但比叶质量变化不大;根茎叶对土壤元素均具有富集作用,其中对Ca、Mn、Na、K、P富集能力和对P、Ca、K转移能力较强。叶的C/N、C/P和N/P高于根、茎,各器官的N/P均小于14,表明养分主要分配到根、茎且受N限制。上述结果表明,大理白前富集有益的土壤微生物以改善根际土壤养分状况,提高植物体对Ca、Mn、Na、K、P等元素的吸收和转移能力,增强抗冻和抗辐射能力,并借助株高和叶面积的优势,弥补了光合色素含量较低的缺陷,从而提高了大理白前在高寒环境中的种间竞争能力和适合度,但却加剧种内竞争,导致其株丛呈均匀分布。推测种内竞争激烈是大理白前局限分布的原因之一。 Abstract:Cynanchum forrestii Schltr, an erect perennial herb of Asclepiadaceae, is a wild plant with extremely small population(WPESP) in China. This unique plant grows in a variety of habitats such as plateau and mountain at altitudes of 1000-3500 m. The root of C. forrestii is often used as a substitute for the traditional Chinese medicine "Baiwei". In Jiulong County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, western Sichuan Province, China, this plant is confined to alpine meadows in valleys at the altitude of 3100-3500 m. The rhizosphere is a part of the soil ecosystem where plant roots, soil and the soil microorganisms interact with each other. Soil microorganisms actively participate in soil material transformation and play a leading role in nutrient cycling by influencing the transformation of mineral elements. Most of the nutrients needed of plants come from soil and enter plants through rhizosphere interaction. The chemical element characteristics of plants can reflect the supply of nutrients to the soil. The study of plant and soil stoichiometric characteristics helps to understand the growth strategies of plants and their adaptability to the environment. Investigating the stoichiometric characteristics and element enrichment of the C. forrestii-rhizosphere soil system under the alpine environment will help to analyze the survival strategies of the extremely small populations and their adaptability to the environment. In this study, we investigated the effects of rhizosphere soil nutrients and bacterial community on population characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics of C. forrestii in the alpine meadow of Jiulong County by using plot and line transect sampling methods, physiological and biochemical analysis and Illumina-MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that compared with the non-rhizosphere soil, the rhizosphere soil had higher P, C/P and N/P and lower C/N, and increased soil organic matter (SOM), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK). The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the value of N, C/P, N/P in C. forrestii stem were significantly positively correlated with the rhizosphere soil P, while the value of P and C/N were significantly negatively correlated with the rhizosphere P. High-throughput sequencing showed that the dominant bacteria in rhizosphere soil/non-rhizosphere soil included 6 groups. Compared with non-rhizosphere soil, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes in rhizosphere soil was higher, while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes was lower. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased by 45.53%, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased by 32.89%. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results showed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was positively correlated with soil C, N and P contents. The average plant height of C. forrestii was 27 cm, which was higher than the average height of other plants in the community. The proportion of above ground biomass reached 41.24%, and the population density and niche width also were larger than those of other plants. With the increase of plant height and leaf area, the photosynthetic pigment contents and Chla/Chlb raised first and then decreased, but leaf mass per area (LMA) had little change. Plants had enrichment effect on soil elements, the relatively high enrichment capacity for Ca, Mn, Na, K and P, and high transfer capacity for P, Ca, and K. Analysis of C, N, P stoichiometry showed that the C/N, C/P and N/P in C. forrestii leaves were higher than those of roots and stems, and the N/P of each organ was less than 14, indicating that N was the limit factor. In general, C. forrestii enriched beneficial soil microorganisms to improve the nutrient status of the rhizosphere soil, enhanced the absorption and transfer of elements such as Ca, Mn, Na, K, and P in plants, and promoted the ability to resist freezing and radiation. With the advantages of plant height and leaf area, it made up for the defect of low photosynthetic pigment content, thereby improving the interspecific competition ability and fitness of C. forrestii in the alpine environment, but intraspecific competition was intensified, which resulted in uniform distribution of plant clusters. It was speculated that the intense intraspecific competition was one of the reasons for the limited distribution of C. forrestii. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Nutrient status of rhizosphere soil and Pinus gerardiana seedlings inoculated with Scleroderma polyrhizum

Nutrient status of rhizosphere soil and Pinus gerardiana seedlings inoculated with Scleroderma polyrhizum

Ameliorating the adverse effects of salinity on wheat plants using the bio-wastes (pomegranate peel extract and /or compost).

Climate changes and the related rise in the frequency of excessive weather proceedings have a strong influence on the physical, chemical, and hydrological processes in soils. Recently the investigators confirmed that the use of biological treatments and resources to overcome abiotic stress is fruitful. Thus, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) because of its high efficacy and/or compost application could improve soil characteristics, soil organic matter and nutrient status. This effect may be referred back to the enhancement in the plant antioxidative defense system against stress conditions. This experiment was done to study the influence of spraying wheat plants with pomegranate peel extract (PPE) with and/or without soil compost added under salt stress on some growth parameters and physiological aspects. Wheat plants were grown in the presence or absence of compost in the soil and foliar sprayed with PPE (600 and 1200 mg L-1) under salt irrigation (3000 and 6000 mg L-1). Growth and yield traits were decreased with salinity stress. High levels of PPE (1200 mg L-1) induced the highest values of osmoprotectants (Total soluble sugars, total soluble protein, proline and free amino acids) in both unstressed or salinity-stressed plants presence or absence compost. Using compost in soil for cultivating wheat plants and PPE spraying treatments increased growth traits photosynthetic pigments and yield components. Moreover, these treatments increased the accumulation of minerals content (N, P, K and Ca) in plants. In general, the results of correlation coefficients showed a significant strong positive relationship among measured yield traits and other tested parameters. The correlation between 1000-grain Wt. and grain Wt./spike (r = 0.94**) was the highest. Meanwhile, a strong negative correlation coefficient between Na% and all yield parameters was recorded. Compost adding to soil and spraying pomegranate peel extract is a successful method for increasing wheat growth, yield and improving the nutritional value of the produced grains under salt stress.

Nutrient Uptake and Post-Harvest Soil Nutrient Status of Extra Long StapleCottonas Influenced by Establishment Methods, Intercropping and Nutrient Management

A field experiment was conducted at Eastern Block Farm, Department of Agronomy, TNAU, Coimbatore, during the summer of 2019 with the objective of finding outthe nutrient uptakeandthe postharvest soil nutrient statusof Extra Long Staple (ELS) cotton under methods of crop establishment, intercropping and nutrient management. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consisted,viz.T1: Transplanting + Green gram + 75% RDF, T2 : Transplanting + Black gram + 75% RDF, T3 : Transplanting + Onion + 75% RDF, T4 : Transplanting + Green gram + 100% RDF, T5 : Transplanting + Intercrop with Black gram + 100% RDF, T6 : Transplanting + Onion + 100% RDF, T7 : Transplanting + Green gram + 125% RDF, T8 : Transplanting + Black gram + 125% RDF, T9 : Transplanting + Onion + 125% RDF, T10 : Transplanting + 100% RDF, T11 : Direct seeding + Recommended package of practices. Nutrient uptake was higher in transplanted cotton intercropped with black gram followed by thegreen gram with the application of 125% RDF followed by 100% RDF which was significantly influenced by crop establishment techniques, intercropping and different doses of fertilizer level.Available soil nutrients were higher in direct-seeded cotton compared to transplanted cotton